CN114887227A - Protection device and protection method of millimeter wave antenna and millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus - Google Patents

Protection device and protection method of millimeter wave antenna and millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114887227A
CN114887227A CN202210799246.4A CN202210799246A CN114887227A CN 114887227 A CN114887227 A CN 114887227A CN 202210799246 A CN202210799246 A CN 202210799246A CN 114887227 A CN114887227 A CN 114887227A
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millimeter wave
protection device
wave antenna
antenna
millimeter
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CN202210799246.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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张雪艳
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Beijing Zhongcheng Kangfu Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Zhongcheng Kangfu Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/02Radiation therapy using microwaves
    • A61N5/04Radiators for near-field treatment
    • A61N5/045Radiators for near-field treatment specially adapted for treatment inside the body

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a protection device and a protection method of a millimeter wave antenna and a millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus, wherein an assembly step is arranged between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna and used for fixing the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna, the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna is determined according to the field distribution radiated by the millimeter wave antenna, the shape of the protection device is determined according to the directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna, and the thickness of the protection device is determined according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process. The protection device protects the antenna and simultaneously keeps impedance matching with the antenna, thereby being beneficial to the long-term stable work of the millimeter wave antenna.

Description

Protection device and protection method of millimeter wave antenna and millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna protection, in particular to a protection device and a protection method for a millimeter wave antenna and a millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus.
Background
Millimeter waves are electromagnetic waves with a wavelength in the millimeter range, usually in the frequency range of 30-300 GHz. The factors influencing the millimeter wave propagation characteristics mainly include obstacles in the environment, so that millimeter wave signals are attenuated, scattered, polarized and propagated, new noise is introduced into the millimeter wave device, and the device operation is influenced. The millimeter wave antenna comprises a horn antenna, a microstrip antenna, a leaky-wave antenna and the like, wherein the horn antenna is widely applied to the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus due to the characteristics of simple structure, wide frequency band, easy manufacture, convenient adjustment and the like.
Because the millimeter wave treatment apparatus needs to go deep into the cavity, the antenna in the millimeter wave treatment apparatus needs to be protected. The existing antenna protection medium protects a millimeter wave antenna and an instrument user, and simultaneously causes a part of millimeter wave energy loss due to mismatching with the antenna. The mismatching means that the distribution of the characteristic impedance of the millimeter waves does not conform to the physical rule in the process that the millimeter waves reach the treated part through the protective medium after being transmitted from the millimeter wave antenna, so that unnecessary reflection of the millimeter waves on each interface is generated, and the energy loss of the millimeter waves is caused; meanwhile, the reflected energy can also be fed back to the millimeter wave source, and the working state of the millimeter wave source is influenced. The existing millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus adopts a horn antenna, a layer of protective medium is arranged on the surface of an antenna opening, and the medium can cause partial millimeter wave energy loss due to mismatching with the antenna while protecting the millimeter wave antenna and a user.
Therefore, a protection device for a millimeter wave antenna is needed, which can achieve characteristic impedance matching at a dielectric interface on a transmission path to reduce reflection of millimeter waves, and is beneficial to long-term stable operation of the antenna while protecting the antenna, so as to solve the problems of millimeter wave reflection, millimeter wave energy loss and the like caused by mismatching of the protection device and the antenna in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide a protection device for a millimeter wave antenna, a protection method and a millimeter wave treatment apparatus that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.
According to one aspect of the invention, an assembly step is arranged between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna, the assembly step is used for fixing the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna, the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna is determined according to the field distribution radiated by the millimeter wave antenna, the shape of the protection device is determined according to the directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna, and the thickness of the protection device is determined according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process.
The device determines the material, shape, thickness and relative position between the antenna of the protection device through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation calculation, so that the millimeter wave is in an impedance matching state at a medium interface on a propagation path, and wave reflection caused by mismatching is prevented. The energy loss of millimeter waves can be reduced while the antenna is protected, and the long-term stable work of the millimeter wave antenna is facilitated.
Optionally, the protection device is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, the millimeter wave antenna is a conical horn antenna, and the protection device completely covers the conical horn antenna and a circular waveguide connected with the conical horn antenna.
Optionally, in the process of the numerical simulation, when reflection loss of the millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave antenna when passing through the protection device is less than a preset loss, the thickness of the protection device conforms to characteristic impedance matching between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of protecting a millimeter wave antenna, the method including: determining the shape of the millimeter wave antenna protection device according to the directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna; carrying out numerical simulation on the transmission channel and field distribution of the millimeter wave antenna; and determining the thickness of the protection device and the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process so as to enable the millimeter wave to be in an impedance matching state at a medium interface on a transmission path.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a millimeter wave treatment apparatus comprising the protection device as described above, a millimeter wave antenna and a circular waveguide located inside the protection device, a waveform conversion attenuator, and a millimeter wave source. The waveform transformation attenuator comprises an attenuation unit and a waveform transformation unit which are integrated into a device, wherein the shape, the size and the position of an attenuation medium in the attenuation unit and the internal shape of the waveform transformation unit are determined according to the field pattern, the return loss, the insertion loss, the voltage standing wave ratio and the S parameter of millimeter waves when the impedance matching requirement is met.
Optionally, the attenuation unit is adapted to attenuate the power of the millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave source to a target value.
Optionally, the waveform transforming unit is adapted to transform the power-attenuated millimeter wave pattern from TE in the rectangular waveguide 10 The wave is transformed into a circularly polarized wave in a circular waveguide.
Optionally, the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus further comprises a positioning rod, an adjusting nut and a limiting spring, the positioning rod is connected with the attenuation unit, and the adjusting nut and the limiting spring adjust the position of the attenuation unit through the positioning rod so as to adjust the power attenuation of the millimeter waves.
Optionally, the millimeter wave therapy apparatus further comprises a housing, a power supply interface and a heat dissipation module, wherein the power supply interface is adapted to provide a stable working voltage for the millimeter wave source through an external direct current voltage stabilizing circuit.
According to the scheme of the invention, the relative position between the material, the shape, the thickness and the antenna of the protection device is determined through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, so that the millimeter wave reaches impedance matching at a medium interface on a propagation path, and wave reflection caused by impedance mismatching is prevented. The energy loss of millimeter waves can be reduced while the antenna is protected, and the long-term stable work of the millimeter wave antenna is facilitated.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a protection apparatus 100 for a millimeter wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 200 for protecting a millimeter-wave antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a millimeter wave treatment apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waveform-changing attenuator 140 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus uses millimeter-sized high-frequency electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 10-1 mm and a frequency of 30-300GHz to treat diseases. The millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus is generally used for treating various diseases such as peptic ulcer, oral ulcer, gynecological inflammation, arthralgia, asthma, skin diseases and the like clinically, and damaged cells are repaired and activated by the resonance principle to achieve the therapeutic effect. Because the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus needs to go deep into the body cavity when performing internal medical treatment, the millimeter wave antenna in the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus needs to be protected. The existing millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus is provided with a protective medium on the antenna aperture surface, but the protective medium is not matched with the antenna, so that a part of millimeter wave energy is lost. Therefore, the scheme provides the protection device of the millimeter wave antenna, which can give consideration to the protection of the antenna and the impedance matching performance between the antenna, and the material, the shape, the thickness and the like of the antenna protection device are determined by performing theoretical analysis and simulation calculation on the characteristic impedance of the protection device, so that the long-term stable work of the antenna is facilitated.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a protection apparatus 100 for a millimeter wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a fitting step 120 is provided between the protection device 100 and the millimeter wave antenna 110, and the fitting step 120 is used to fix the relative position between the protection device 100 and the millimeter wave antenna 110. The shape and thickness of the protection device 100 are determined according to the directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna and the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device, respectively. The shape of the radome can be determined by analyzing performance parameters such as a directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna. The thickness of the protection device can be determined by searching for a relatively optimal solution through numerical modeling of the millimeter wave transmission and antenna system, and finally impedance matching between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device is achieved. In one embodiment of the present invention, the protection device 100 may be made of teflon with good biocompatibility, and the protection device 100 completely covers the millimeter wave antenna 110 and the circular waveguide 130 connected to the millimeter wave antenna.
At present, a conical horn antenna is generally used for a millimeter wave antenna, and in the process of millimeter wave signal transmission, if characteristic impedance on a transmission path changes, signals can be reflected at nodes with discontinuous impedance. Factors affecting the characteristic impedance are: dielectric constant, thickness of the transmission medium, etc. The antenna, the protective cover and the treated part can be regarded as 3 millimeter wave transmission sections with different characteristic impedances, wherein the characteristic impedances are respectively Z 0 、Z 1 、Z 2 When Z is 1 ×Z 2 =Z 0 2 When the requirements are met, impedance matching is achieved, and millimeter waves can effectively act on the treated part in a state close to no reflection loss. In practical application, when the reflection loss amount of the millimeter wave passing through the protection device is smaller than the preset loss amount, impedance matching can be considered to be achieved, and accordingly the shape and thickness of the protection device are determined to conform to characteristic impedance matching between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the protection device 100 is a millimeter wave transparent radome that protects the antenna from the external environment by encasing the antenna. The radome can minimally attenuate electromagnetic wave signals transmitted or received by the millimeter wave antenna. The radome material should therefore be selected such that the radome is transparent to electromagnetic waves. By analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the material such as dielectric constant, magnetic conductivity and electric conductivity and analyzing and comparing the biocompatibility of the material, the transmissivity of the fused quartz and the polytetrafluoroethylene in the near-millimeter wave band is high. The relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna may be determined in accordance with the field distribution radiated by the millimeter wave antenna. Wherein the depth of distribution of the field distribution is of the same order of magnitude as the wavelength. And determining the final relative position by performing numerical simulation on the field distribution and continuously adjusting the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna.
Fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method 200 for protecting a millimeter-wave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the method 200 is adapted to determine a shape of the millimeter wave antenna protection device based on the pattern of the millimeter wave antenna at step S210. Wherein the directional pattern is a graphical representation of a directivity function that may depict the variation of antenna radiation characteristics with spatial directional coordinates. The radiation characteristics include radiation intensity, field strength, phase and polarization, and various parameters of the antenna can be observed from an antenna directional pattern. The shape design of the protection device is different from the requirement of the radar, the factors such as the width of a main lobe, an auxiliary lobe, the directivity and the like do not need to be considered, and only the transmissivity of millimeter waves needs to be considered.
Then, step S220 is performed to numerically simulate the millimeter wave antenna transmission channel and the field distribution. For example, HFSS electromagnetic simulation software can be used to numerically simulate the millimeter wave electromagnetic field emitted by the antenna, so as to achieve impedance matching of the millimeter wave at the medium interface on the propagation path by adjusting parameters such as the shape, thickness and position of the protection device during the simulation process.
And finally, executing step S230, determining the thickness of the protection device and the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process, so that the millimeter wave is in an impedance matching state at a medium interface on the transmission path.
By carrying out numerical modeling on the millimeter wave antenna transmission system and finding out a relatively optimal solution through approximate calculation, the actual part processing verification is replaced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a mm wave treatment apparatus, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mm wave treatment apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the millimeter wave treatment apparatus 300 comprises the above protection device 100, a millimeter wave antenna 110, a circular waveguide 130 connected to the millimeter wave antenna, the millimeter wave antenna and the protection deviceAn assembly step 120 between the devices, a waveform conversion attenuator 140, and a millimeter wave source 150. The waveform transformation attenuator 140 includes an attenuation unit 141 and a waveform transformation unit 142 integrated into one device, and the shape, size and position of the attenuation medium in the attenuation unit 141 and the shape and slope of the shape transformation of the waveform transformation unit 142 are determined according to the field pattern, return loss, insertion loss, voltage standing wave ratio and transmission parameter (S parameter) of the millimeter wave emitted by the waveform transformation attenuator when the impedance matching requirement is satisfied. The attenuation unit 141 may attenuate the power of the millimeter wave emitted from the millimeter wave source 150 to a target value. The waveform transforming unit 142 may transform the field pattern of the millimeter wave power attenuated by the attenuating unit 141 from the TE in the rectangular waveguide of the millimeter wave source 10 The wave is transformed into a circularly polarized wave in a circular waveguide.
The waveform conversion attenuator 140 may further include a positioning rod 143, an adjustment nut 144, and a stopper spring 145. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waveform-changing attenuator 140 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the positioning rod 143 is connected to the attenuation unit 141, and the adjustment nut 144 and the stopper spring 145 adjust the position of the attenuation unit 141 by the positioning rod 143 so as to adjust the power attenuation amount of the millimeter wave.
In addition, the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus 300 further includes a housing 160, a power supply interface 170 and a heat dissipation module 180, wherein the power supply interface 170 can provide a stable working voltage for the millimeter wave source 150 through an external dc voltage stabilizing circuit. Because the millimeter wave source converts direct current into high-frequency electromagnetic waves through the oscillator, certain heat can be generated, and the heat dissipation module 180 can dissipate heat of the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus through the fan.
It should be noted that the structure of the millimeter wave treatment apparatus 300 shown in fig. 3 is merely exemplary, and the overall shape, diameter and size of the millimeter wave treatment apparatus can be adjusted according to the location to be treated.
Through the scheme, the relative position between the material, the shape and the thickness of the protection device and the antenna is determined through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, so that impedance matching is achieved between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device medium, and wave reflection caused by mismatching is prevented. The energy loss of millimeter waves can be reduced while the antenna is protected, and the long-term stable work of the millimeter wave antenna is facilitated. After the millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus adopts the antenna protection cover, the damage of the apparatus caused by the deep penetration of body fluid in the cavity can be avoided, and the millimeter waves can effectively reach the affected part.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or units or components of the devices in the examples disclosed herein may be arranged in a device as described in this embodiment or alternatively may be located in one or more devices different from the devices in this example. The modules in the foregoing examples may be combined into one module or may be further divided into multiple sub-modules.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
Furthermore, some of the described embodiments are described herein as a method or combination of method elements that can be performed by a processor of a computer system or by other means of performing the described functions. A processor having the necessary instructions for carrying out the method or method elements thus forms a means for carrying out the method or method elements. Further, the elements of the apparatus embodiments described herein are examples of the following apparatus: the apparatus is used to implement the functions performed by the elements for the purpose of carrying out the invention.
As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", "third", etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this description, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The present invention has been disclosed in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense with respect to the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The protection device for the millimeter wave antenna is characterized in that an assembly step is arranged between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna, the assembly step is used for fixing the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna, the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna is determined according to field distribution radiated by the millimeter wave antenna, the shape of the protection device is determined according to a directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna, and the thickness of the protection device is determined according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process.
2. The protective device of claim 1, wherein the protective device is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material.
3. The protection device of claim 1, wherein the millimeter wave antenna is a conical horn antenna, and the protection device completely covers the conical horn antenna and a circular waveguide connected to the conical horn antenna.
4. The protection device according to claim 1, wherein in a numerical simulation process, when reflection loss of the millimeter waves emitted by the millimeter wave antenna when passing through the protection device is less than a preset loss, the thickness of the protection device conforms to characteristic impedance matching between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device.
5. A method for protecting a millimeter wave antenna, the method comprising:
determining the shape of the millimeter wave antenna protection device according to the directional diagram of the millimeter wave antenna;
carrying out numerical simulation on the transmission channel and field distribution of the millimeter wave antenna;
and determining the thickness of the protection device and the relative position between the protection device and the millimeter wave antenna according to the characteristic impedance matching degree between the millimeter wave antenna and the protection device in the numerical simulation process so as to enable the millimeter wave to be in an impedance matching state at a medium interface on a transmission path.
6. A millimeter wave treatment apparatus comprising the protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a millimeter wave antenna and a circular waveguide provided inside the protection device, a waveform conversion attenuator, and a millimeter wave source; the waveform transformation attenuator comprises an attenuation unit and a waveform transformation unit which are integrated into a device, wherein the shape, the size and the position of an attenuation medium in the attenuation unit and the internal shape of the waveform transformation unit are determined according to the field pattern, the return loss, the insertion loss, the voltage standing wave ratio and the S parameter of millimeter waves when the impedance matching requirement is met.
7. The mmwave treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the attenuation unit is adapted to attenuate the power of the mmwave emitted by the mmwave source to a target value.
8. The MMW treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the waveform transforming unit is adapted to transform the power-attenuated MMW from TE in a rectangular waveguide 10 The wave is transformed into a circularly polarized wave in a circular waveguide.
9. The mmwave therapy apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the waveform conversion attenuator further comprises a positioning rod, an adjusting nut and a limiting spring, the positioning rod is connected with the attenuation unit, and the adjusting nut and the limiting spring adjust the position of the attenuation unit through the positioning rod so as to adjust the power attenuation amount of the millimeter waves, so that the power of the millimeter waves is attenuated to a target value.
10. The mmwave treatment apparatus of claim 9 further comprising a housing, a power supply interface and a heat sink module, the power supply interface adapted to provide a regulated operating voltage to the mmwave source via an external dc voltage regulator circuit.
CN202210799246.4A 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Protection device and protection method of millimeter wave antenna and millimeter wave therapeutic apparatus Pending CN114887227A (en)

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