CN114884463A

CN114884463A - Dust-covering monitor for solar cell module and optimal cleaning time judgment method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114884463A
Application number: CN202210547374.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李田珍; 刘宏; 薛兴财; 刘学琳; 周斌; 孙雯娟; 辛元庆; 张芬娟; 马明奎; 李昌恩; 张丽瑾
Original assignee: Qinghai Tianchuang New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qinghai Tianchuang New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-20
Filing date: 2022-05-20
Publication date: 2022-08-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a dust-covering monitor for a solar cell module, which comprises a first irradiator, a second irradiator, a rolling brush dust collection mechanism, a control chamber, a solar cell module, a support mechanism and a temperature sensor, wherein the rolling brush dust collection mechanism has a dry negative pressure function, regularly cleans an illuminated surface of the first irradiator according to an instruction of the control chamber, simultaneously collects solar irradiance and obtains a difference value, the difference value is used as a basic influence factor for judging the optimal cleaning time of a photovoltaic power station, and other influence factors of the photovoltaic power station are comprehensively considered, so that scientific and reasonable cleaning time of the solar cell module is determined, the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power station is improved, and the economic benefit of the photovoltaic power station is increased. The solar cell module dust covering monitor is suitable for popularization and application in most of cold and water resource-lacking photovoltaic power station areas, has the power generation and energy storage functions of the solar cell module and the storage battery, is self-sufficient in power consumption, and is particularly suitable for on-site installation and operation of the photovoltaic power station.

Description

Dust-covering monitor for solar cell module and optimal cleaning time judgment method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a solar cell module dust covering monitor used on the site of a photovoltaic power station, and relates to a judgment method for determining the optimal cleaning time of the dust covering of a solar cell module based on the loss of solar irradiation quantity injected into the solar cell module caused by the dust covering monitored on the site of the photovoltaic power station by the monitor.

Background

The light receiving surface of a solar cell component of a photovoltaic power station, particularly a large ground photovoltaic power station, is inevitably influenced by dust, so that the light transmittance of the solar cell component is reduced, the solar radiation quantity is reduced, the output power of the solar cell component is reduced, and the power generation quantity of the photovoltaic power station is reduced. Therefore, the photovoltaic power station needs to clean the solar cell module regularly during the operation period, and how to reasonably determine that the cleaning time has a great relationship with the economic benefit of the solar cell module; at present, most photovoltaic power stations observe the dust covering condition of a solar cell module by naked eyes and determine whether to clean the solar cell module by experience, and the cleaning time of the photovoltaic power stations is determined according to a fixed period.

Correspondingly, a technology for calculating the cleaning time by monitoring the surface dust of the solar cell module also appears recently, and the main technical scheme is as follows: firstly, two groups of solar cell modules are arranged, wherein one group of solar cell modules is cleaned by water at regular time, the other group of solar cell modules is synchronous with the working condition of the solar cell module of the photovoltaic power station, and the generated energy loss of the photovoltaic power station is calculated by comparing the output power difference of the two groups of solar cell modules, so that the cleaning opportunity is given; and secondly, establishing a regression model according to data in the optimal cleaning effect period of the photovoltaic power station, and determining the dynamic cleaning time of the photovoltaic power station based on the regression model.

However, most photovoltaic power stations are built in cold and arid desert regions and lack water resources, and the problems that the photovoltaic power stations have are as follows: firstly, the monitoring equipment is cleaned by water, and is easy to freeze in cold days, so that the equipment cannot run, and cannot be popularized and applied; and secondly, the disclosed cleaning opportunity algorithm does not comprehensively consider influence factors such as the on-line electricity price, the cleaning cost, the service life of the component and the like of the photovoltaic power station, so that the given cleaning opportunity cannot achieve the maximization of the photovoltaic power station benefit.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides the solar cell module dust covering monitor which is used for monitoring the dust covering on the surface of the solar cell module of the photovoltaic power station, can accurately obtain the loss of solar energy irradiation quantity injected into the solar cell module caused by the dust covering monitored on the site of the photovoltaic power station, determines the optimal cleaning time for the dust covering of the solar cell module through an algorithm, does not waste precious water resources, is free from maintenance and good in popularization and application, comprehensively considers all factors of the photovoltaic power station, determines the scientific and reasonable cleaning time, and further improves the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a solar cell module dust-covering monitor, which has the following technical scheme:

a dust-covering monitor for a solar cell module comprises a first irradiator 1, a second irradiator 2, a rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3, a control chamber 4, a solar cell module 5, a support mechanism 6 and a temperature sensor 7; the upper end of the supporting mechanism 6 is provided with a bracket 61, the bracket 61 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the supporting mechanism 6, and the supporting mechanism 6 can be contracted and rotated; the solar cell module 5 and the control room 4 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the middle position of the bracket 61, the storage battery 472 is arranged in the control room 4, and the first irradiator 1 and the second irradiator 2 are arranged at the left part and the right part of the two end positions of the bracket 61; the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is arranged on the front panel of the first irradiation instrument 1, can do axial rotation motion and longitudinal linear reciprocating motion, is in a dry negative pressure mode, and can clean the front panel of the first irradiation instrument 1; the temperature sensor 7 is arranged on the back plate surface of the solar cell module 5; the solar cell module 5 is connected with the storage battery 472 through a power cable, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is connected with the control room 4 through the power cable, and the first irradiation instrument 1, the second irradiation instrument 2 and the temperature sensor 7 are connected with the control room 4 through signal cables.

Further, the first irradiator 1 is closed and comprises an irradiation collector 11, solar photovoltaic glass 12, an irradiator rectangular frame 13 and an irradiator base plate 14; the irradiation instrument bottom plate 14 is arranged at the lower end of the irradiation instrument rectangular frame 13, the irradiation collector 11 is arranged at the middle position of the irradiation instrument bottom plate 14, the upper edge of the irradiation instrument rectangular frame 13 is provided with a step groove, and the solar photovoltaic glass 12 is arranged in the step groove; correspondingly, the second irradiator 2 and the first irradiator 1 have the same structure;

the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 comprises a rolling brush cleaning component 31, a dust collection pipeline 32 and a dust collection chamber interface 33;

the rolling brush cleaning component 31 comprises a lead screw driving component 311, a slide rail control component 312 and a rolling brush component 313; the two ends of the rolling brush component 313 are rotatably connected with the lead screw driving component 311 and the sliding rail control component 312, the lead screw driving component 311 drives the rolling brush component 313 to do linear reciprocating motion, the sliding rail control component 312 drives the rolling brush component 313 to do rotary motion, and the two ends of the sliding rail control component 312 are provided with proximity switch groups for controlling the positive and negative rotation of the lead screw driving component 311; wherein:

the lead screw driving assembly 311 includes a lead screw 3111, a lead screw nut 3112, a lead screw upper shaft seat 3113, a lead screw upper bearing 3114, a lead screw lower bearing 3115, a lead screw lower shaft seat 3116 and a bidirectional motor 3117; a threaded hole is formed in the lower portion of the lead screw nut 3112, a through hole is formed in the upper portion of the lead screw nut 3112, the lead screw nut 3112 is in threaded fit with the lead screw 3111, a lead screw upper bearing 3114 and a lead screw lower bearing 3115 are arranged at two ends of the lead screw 3111, the lead screw upper bearing 3114 is in interference fit with the lead screw upper shaft seat 3113, and the lead screw lower bearing 3115 is in interference fit with the lead screw lower shaft seat 3116; the bidirectional motor 3117 is arranged at the lower end of the screw 3111;

the slide rail control assembly 312 comprises a slide bar 3121, a slide block 3122, a slide bar upper shaft seat 3123, a slide bar lower shaft seat 3124, an upper proximity switch group 3125, a lower proximity switch group 3126 and a rolling brush motor 3127; the lower part of the sliding block 3122 is provided with a through hole, the upper part thereof is provided with a through hole, and the sliding block 3122 is in clearance fit with the sliding rod 3121; a sliding rod upper shaft seat 3123 and a sliding rod lower shaft seat 3124 are arranged at the two ends of the sliding rod 3121; one of the upper proximity switch groups 3125 is disposed at the side end of the upper shaft support 3123 of the sliding rod, and the other is disposed at the side end of the sliding block 3122, when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush assembly 313 moves downward; one of the lower proximity switch groups 3126 is disposed at a side end of the sliding rod lower shaft seat 3124, and the other is disposed at the other opposite side end of the sliding block 3122, when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush assembly 313 moves upward; the rolling brush motor 3127 is disposed at an upper through hole position of the slider 3122;

the brush roll assembly 313 includes a brush roll 3131, a brush roll shaft 3132, a dust collection housing 3133, a left brush roll bearing 3134, and a right brush roll bearing 3135; the dust collecting cover 3133 is a nearly cylindrical housing, the left and right ends of which are connected to the upper part of the screw nut 3112 and the upper part of the slider 3122, respectively, the lower part of which is opened with an opening, and the planar side part of which is opened with a rectangular groove; the rolling brush 3131 is cylindrical and has a shaft hole, and is disposed in the dust collection cover 3133, bristles are disposed on the circumferential surface of the rolling brush 3131, the rolling brush shaft 3132 is in interference fit with the shaft hole of the rolling brush 3131, a left rolling brush bearing 3134 and a right rolling brush bearing 3135 are disposed at two ends of the rolling brush shaft 3132, the left rolling brush bearing 3134 is in interference fit with a through hole disposed at the upper portion of the screw nut 3112, and the right rolling brush bearing 3135 is in interference fit with a through hole disposed at the upper portion of the slider 3122.

Further, the dust collecting pipe 32 includes an adapter 321, a left corrugated hose 322, a right corrugated hose 323, an elbow 324, a straight pipe 325 and a tee pipe 326; the adapter 321 is a square shell with a single-side opening, the single-side opening of the adapter is connected with a rectangular groove on the planar side part of the dust collection cover 3133, the left and right parts of the opposite surface of the single-side opening are provided with a pair of circular through holes which are respectively connected with one ends of a left corrugated hose 322 and a right corrugated hose 323, the other ends of the left corrugated hose 322 and the right corrugated hose 323 are connected with two bent pipes 324 positioned on the upper part, two ends of the upper part of a three-way pipe 326 are connected with the two bent pipes 324 positioned on the upper part, one end of the lower part of the three-way pipe 326 is connected with one end of a pipeline consisting of one bent pipe 324 positioned on the left side of the lower part, one straight pipe 325 and the other bent pipe 324 positioned on the right side, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with the dust collection chamber interface 33.

Further, the lead screw 3111 is driven by the bi-directional motor 3117 to rotate forward and backward to drive the lead screw nut 3112 to reciprocate linearly in the longitudinal direction, so as to drive the rolling brush 3131 to follow, while the sliding block 3122 also follows along the sliding rod 3121, when the upper proximity switch group 3125 is at the same position, the rolling brush 3131 moves downward, and when the lower proximity switch group 3126 is at the same position, the rolling brush 3131 moves upward; the rolling brush motor 3127 drives the rolling brush 3131 to rotate, the brush bristles brush the dust covered on the surface of the solar photovoltaic glass 12 of the first irradiator 1 into the dust collection hood 3133 in the rotating motion, and the dust covered is discharged through a pipeline composed of the adapter 321, the left corrugated hose 322, the right corrugated hose 323, the elbow 324, the three-way pipe 326 and the straight pipe 325 in sequence, and finally through the dust collection chamber interface 33.

Preferably, a dust cover is provided outside the screw 3111, and a groove is formed to pass through the dust cover when the screw nut 3112 moves; similarly, a dust cover is provided outside the slide bar 3121, and a groove is opened to allow free passage of dust when the slide block 3122 moves.

Further, the control room 4 is closed and comprises a control room bottom plate 41, a control room frame 42, a first partition plate 43, a second partition plate 44, a dust collector room 45, a controller room 46, a storage battery room 47, a dust collector room panel 451 and a control panel 48;

the control room bottom plate 41 is arranged at the lower part of the control room frame 42, the first partition plate 43 and the second partition plate 44 divide the control room frame 42 into a left-to-right dust collector room 45, a controller room 46 and a storage battery room 47, a dust collector room panel 451 is connected with the upper end of the dust collector room 45 through a hinge, and a control panel 48 is arranged at the upper parts of the controller room 46 and the storage battery room 47;

the cleaner chamber 45 includes a dust-covering bag 452, a third partition 453, and a cleaning motor 454; the third partition 453 divides the cleaner chamber 45 into left and right chambers, the lower part of the left chamber is provided with an air inlet 455, and the lower part of the right chamber is provided with an air outlet 456; the dust-covered containing bag 452 is arranged in the left cavity, and the dust suction motor 454 is arranged in the right cavity;

the controller room 46 includes a data communication module 461 and a single chip 462 connected thereto; the battery chamber 47 includes a charge/discharge controller 471 and a battery 472 connected thereto; the data communication module 461 is used for collecting data and transmitting data through a network.

Further, the single chip 462 includes an I/O port, a memory and an operator, and processes data input by the data communication module 461; the control panel 48 is provided with an I/O control screen where an operator can input and read data;

the temperature sensor 7, the first irradiator 1, the second irradiator 2 and the charge-discharge controller 471 are connected with the data communication module 461 through signal cables, and the data communication module 461 receives signals and converts the signals into data;

the data communication module 461 is connected with the singlechip 462 through a signal cable, and the singlechip 462 receives and processes data;

the data communication module 461 is connected with the remote processor through a wireless network, and the remote processor receives and processes data;

the dust collection motor 454, the bidirectional motor 3117 and the rolling brush motor 3127 are connected with the single chip microcomputer 462 through signal cables, and the single chip microcomputer 462 controls the start and stop of the dust collection motor 454, the bidirectional motor 3117 and the rolling brush motor 3127;

the solar cell module 5 is connected with a charge and discharge controller 471 through a power cable, the charge and discharge controller 471 is connected with the storage battery 472 through the power cable, and the charge and discharge controller 471 controls the charge and discharge depth of the storage battery 472;

the storage battery 472 is connected with the dust collection motor 454 and the rolling brush motor 3127 through power cables to provide power; the storage battery 472 is connected with the upper proximity switch group 3125 and the lower proximity switch group 3126 through power cables, the proximity switch group 3125 and the lower proximity switch group 3126 are connected with the bidirectional motor 3117 through power cables, and the circuit on/off of the proximity switch group 3125 and the lower proximity switch group 3126 are in a complementary relationship.

Further, the solar cell module comprises a connecting sheet 51, the temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of the solar cell module 5 and used for collecting the temperature of the solar cell module 5, and the connecting sheet 51 is used for fixing the solar cell module 5;

or the temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of one of the solar cell modules adjacent to the photovoltaic power station;

the supporting mechanism 6 comprises a bracket 61, a rotating shaft 62, a connector 63, a turntable 64, an upper upright 65 and a lower upright 66; a pair of rotating shaft holes are formed in the connecting position of the support 61 and the rotating shaft 62, circumferential scales are arranged on the excircle of each rotating shaft hole, and the support 61 is hinged and locked with the connector 63 through the rotating shaft 62; the end face of the rotating shaft 62 is provided with a pointer mark and is in interference fit with a shaft hole formed in the connector 63; the carousel 64 includes rotatable upper and lower extreme, and the excircle department of upper and lower extreme all is provided with the circumference scale, and the connector 63 lower extreme is connected with the upper end of carousel 64, and the upper end of going up stand 65 is connected with the lower extreme of carousel 64, and the cylinder of going up stand 65 can be in the axis through-hole of stand 66 freely stretch out and draw back and lock down.

In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for determining an optimum cleaning time of a solar cell module dust-covering monitor comprises the steps of:

arranging a solar cell module dust-covering monitor on the site of a photovoltaic power station, adjusting the installation position and angle of the solar cell module dust-covering monitor to be the same as the inclination angle of a solar cell module array in the photovoltaic power station, and checking that the working state of the solar cell module dust-covering monitor is a normal state;

s1, data sorting: data to be collected is divided into five categories, wherein: the I type is the power price of the power station on the network acquired at one time; the second type is the cleaning unit price updated according to the local year; the third category is that permanent and effective data are collected at one time, including the construction period of the photovoltaic power station, the orientation and inclination angle of the components, the number of the components in the square matrix, the number of the square matrix of the power station, the size of the components and the mismatch coefficient of the components; the IV type is that data which are updated according to the year are collected at one time, and the data comprise the service life of a component of the photovoltaic power station, a cleaning period, the conversion efficiency of the component, the line loss and the efficiency of an inverter; the V type is data collected at fixed frequency from time to time, and comprises irradiance and assembly backboard temperature;

s2, data acquisition: the data of the V type collected on site are stored and processed by the singlechip and then transmitted to the remote processor by the communication module, and the rest data of the I type, the II type, the III type and the IV type are input by the control panel and then stored and processed by the singlechip and then transmitted to the remote processor by the communication module;

s3, data calculation: (1) calculating the electric quantity loss under dust covering through the class III, IV and V data; (2) calculating the accumulated revenue loss under dust covering through the I and II data; (3) calculating the cost of one-time cleaning;

s4, data analysis: comparing the condition that the accumulated profit loss is not less than the cleaning cost, when the inequality condition is met, performing the step S5, and when the inequality condition is not met, turning to the step S2;

s5, data output: the sending user side displays and cleans;

correspondingly, the photovoltaic power station performs cleaning tasks.

Further, in step S1, the five types of data collected are shown in the following table:

in step S3, a difference between irradiance differences collected by the two irradiators, referred to as a difference between irradiance on an inclined plane, is calculated, and then the power loss under dust covering is calculated by using formula 1:

in formula 1, the area of the solar cell module of the power station is calculated by formula 2:

in equation 1, the correction coefficient is calculated using equation 3:

in step S3, the cumulative loss of revenue under dust cover is the result of calculation of

equations

4, 5, and 6:

the power generation loss of the last cleaning to the present is calculated by adopting a formula 5:

calculating the accumulated revenue loss according to the power generation loss under the dust covering and the local on-line electricity price, wherein the accumulated revenue loss is calculated by adopting a formula 6 according to the following formula:

finally, the cost of a photovoltaic plant for a single cleaning can be calculated in one of 2 ways:

(1) calculating according to the installed capacity of the power station by adopting the following formula:

(2) calculating according to the area of the solar cell module of the power station by adopting the following formula:

the beneficial effects of the implementation of the invention are as follows: firstly, because the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is a dry dust collection device working in a negative pressure environment, after regularly cleaning the light receiving surface of the front panel of the first irradiator 1 according to the instruction of the control room 4, the immediately acquired data is the sunlight irradiance which is not influenced by dust covering, and meanwhile, the data acquired by the second irradiator 2 and the first irradiator 1 at the same time is the sunlight irradiance under the natural condition, and the difference value between the two accurately reflects the influence of dust covering on the sunlight irradiance; secondly, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 does not need to consume water resources, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, avoids the defect that the rolling brush dust collection mechanism cannot operate due to the fact that water is easy to freeze when the rolling brush dust collection mechanism is cold, and is suitable for popularization and application of most photovoltaic power stations which are built in cold and arid desert regions and lack water resources; thirdly, because the first irradiation instrument 1, the second irradiation instrument 2, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3, the control chamber 4 and the solar cell module 5 are fixed by the support mechanism 6 through the bracket 61, the lower part of the support mechanism 6 is fixed on the ground, the upper ends of the support 61 and the support mechanism 6 are rotatably connected, and the support mechanism 6 can be extended and rotated to realize free adjustment in three-dimensional direction, the angle of the first irradiation instrument 1 and the second irradiation instrument 2 and sunlight incident to the solar cell module dust-covering monitor can be flexibly adjusted, convenience is provided for construction and maintenance, and the accuracy of operation of the monitor is improved.

By the judging method for determining the optimal cleaning time for dust covering of the solar cell module by using the dust covering monitor for the solar cell module, the full factors of the photovoltaic power station are comprehensively considered, and scientific and reasonable cleaning time can be determined, so that the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station is improved, and the economic benefit of the photovoltaic power station is increased; the monitor adopts an independent photovoltaic system consisting of a solar cell module and a storage battery, is self-sufficient in power supply and is suitable for field installation and operation of a photovoltaic power station.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1: a solar cell module dust covering monitor assembly drawing;

FIG. 2: a rear view of the solar cell module dust-covering monitor;

FIG. 3: the solar cell module dust covering monitor is electrically connected with the schematic diagram 1;

FIG. 4: a schematic diagram of an irradiation instrument 1 or an irradiation instrument 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of: a schematic view of a rolling brush dust collection mechanism;

FIG. 6: the roller brush cleaning component is disassembled;

FIG. 7: a control room schematic;

FIG. 8: a control room disassembly diagram;

FIG. 9: a solar cell module schematic diagram;

FIG. 10: the support mechanism is disassembled;

FIG. 11: the solar cell module dust covering monitor is electrically connected with the schematic diagram 2;

FIG. 12: judging method step diagram of optimal cleaning time;

in the figure:

1. an irradiator I;

11. irradiating the collector; 12. solar photovoltaic glass; 13. an irradiator rectangular frame; 14. an irradiator base plate;

2. a second irradiator;

3. a rolling brush dust collection mechanism;

31. a rolling brush cleaning member; 311. a lead screw drive assembly; 3111. a lead screw; 3112. a lead screw nut; 3113. a lead screw upper shaft seat; 3114. a lead screw upper bearing; 3115. a lead screw lower bearing; 3116. a lower shaft seat of the screw rod; 3117. a bi-directional motor; 312. a slide rail control assembly; 3121. a slide bar; 3122. a slider; 3123. a sliding rod upper shaft seat; 3124. a lower shaft seat of the slide rod; 3125. an upper proximity switch group; 3126. a lower proximity switch group; 3127. a roller brush motor; 313. a roll brush assembly; 3131. rolling and brushing; 3132. a roller brush shaft; 3133. a dust collection cover; 3134. a left brush roller bearing; 3135. a right rolling brush bearing;

32. a dust collecting duct; 321. an adapter; 322. a left corrugated hose; 323. a right corrugated hose; 324. bending the pipe; 325. a straight pipe; 326. a three-way pipe;

33. a dust collection chamber interface;

4. a control room;

41. a control room floor; 42. a control room border; 43. a first separator; 44. a second separator; 45. a cleaner chamber; 451. a cleaner room panel; 452. a dust-covered storage bag; 453. a third partition plate; 454. a dust collection motor; 455. an air inlet; 456. an exhaust port; 46. a controller room; 461. a data communication module; 462. a single chip microcomputer; 47. a battery cell; 471. a charge and discharge controller; 472. a storage battery; 48. a control panel;

5. a solar cell module; 51. connecting sheets;

6. a support mechanism; 61. a support; 62. a rotating shaft; 63. a connector; 64. a turntable; 65. an upper upright post; 66. a lower upright post;

7. a temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The expressions of "upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear" representing positions or orientations in the embodiments are not only limited, but also other cases, and the relative positional relationship of the elements in the embodiments can be recognized by those skilled in the art, and the relative positional relationship can be changed and adjusted, so that all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a solar cell module dust-covering monitor, and embodiments thereof are as follows.

Example 1, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2.

A solar cell module dust-covering monitor comprises a first irradiator 1, a second irradiator 2, a rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3, a control chamber 4, a solar cell module 5, a support mechanism 6 and a temperature sensor 7; the upper end of the supporting mechanism 6 is provided with a bracket 61, the bracket 61 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the supporting mechanism 6, and the supporting mechanism 6 can be contracted and rotated; the solar cell module 5 and the control room 4 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the middle position of the bracket 61, the storage battery 472 is arranged in the control room 4, and the first irradiator 1 and the second irradiator 2 are arranged at the left part and the right part of the two end positions of the bracket 61; the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is arranged on the front panel of the first irradiation instrument 1, can do axial rotation motion and longitudinal linear reciprocating motion, is in a dry negative pressure mode, and can clean the front panel of the first irradiation instrument 1; the temperature sensor 7 is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module 5.

Please refer to fig. 3.

The solar cell module 5 is connected with the storage battery 472 through a power cable, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is connected with the control room 4 through the power cable, and the first irradiation instrument 1, the second irradiation instrument 2 and the temperature sensor 7 are connected with the control room 4 through signal cables.

In embodiment 1, the solar cell module dust-covering monitor has the following characteristics:

1. because the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 is a dry dust collection device working in a negative pressure environment, after the light receiving surface of the front panel of the first irradiator 1 is cleaned regularly according to the instruction of the control room 4, the data collected instantly is the solar irradiance which is not influenced by dust covering, meanwhile, the data collected by the second irradiator 2 and the first irradiator 1 at the same time is the solar irradiance under natural conditions, and the difference value between the two accurately reflects the influence of the dust covering on the solar irradiance;

2. the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3 does not need to consume water resources, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, avoids the defect that water is easy to freeze and cannot run in cold, and is suitable for popularization and application of most photovoltaic power stations which are built in cold and arid desert regions and lack water resources;

3. because the supporting mechanism 6 fixes the first irradiation instrument 1, the second irradiation instrument 2, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism 3, the control chamber 4 and the solar cell module 5 through the support 61, the lower part of the supporting mechanism 6 is fixed on the ground, the upper ends of the support 61 and the supporting mechanism 6 are rotatably connected, and the supporting mechanism 6 can be contracted and rotated to realize free adjustment in three-dimensional directions, so that the angles of the first irradiation instrument 1 and the second irradiation instrument 2 and solar light radiation can be flexibly adjusted, convenience is provided for construction and maintenance, and the running accuracy is improved.

4. The solar cell module dust-covering monitor is an independent photovoltaic system consisting of a solar cell module and a storage battery, is self-sufficient in power supply, and is suitable for field installation and operation of a photovoltaic power station.

Embodiment 2, as a preference, in one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 4.

The first irradiator 1 is closed and comprises an irradiation collector 11, solar photovoltaic glass 12, an irradiator rectangular frame 13 and an irradiator bottom plate 14; the irradiation instrument bottom plate 14 is arranged at the lower end of the irradiation instrument rectangular frame 13, the irradiation collector 11 is arranged at the middle position of the irradiation instrument bottom plate 14, the upper edge of the irradiation instrument rectangular frame 13 is provided with a step groove, and the solar photovoltaic glass 12 is arranged in the step groove; correspondingly, the second irradiator 2 has the same structure as the first irradiator 1.

In embodiment 2, the solar cell module dust-covering monitor has the following characteristics:

the irradiation collector 11 is arranged in the closed first irradiator 1, so that the influence of natural conditions is avoided, and the collected solar irradiance has good accuracy; the solar photovoltaic glass 12 and the solar cell module are made of the same material, and the first irradiator 1 and the second irradiator 2 are data acquired by simulating the environment of the solar cell module in the photovoltaic power station field, and have good synchronism.

Embodiment 3, as a preferred embodiment, please refer to fig. 5.

the rolling brush cleaning component 31 comprises a lead screw driving component 311, a slide rail control component 312 and a rolling brush component 313; the two ends of the rolling brush assembly 313 are rotatably connected with the lead screw driving assembly 311 and the sliding rail control assembly 312, the lead screw driving assembly 311 drives the rolling brush assembly 313 to do linear reciprocating motion, the sliding rail control assembly 312 drives the rolling brush assembly 313 to do rotary motion, and the two ends of the sliding rail control assembly 312 are provided with proximity switch sets for controlling the positive and negative rotation of the lead screw driving assembly 311.

More specifically, please refer to fig. 6.

The screw driving assembly 311 includes a screw 3111, a screw nut 3112, a screw upper shaft seat 3113, a screw upper bearing 3114, a screw lower bearing 3115, a screw lower shaft seat 3116 and a bidirectional motor 3117; a threaded hole is formed in the lower portion of the lead screw nut 3112, a through hole is formed in the upper portion of the lead screw nut 3112, the lead screw nut 3112 is in threaded fit with the lead screw 3111, a lead screw upper bearing 3114 and a lead screw lower bearing 3115 are arranged at two ends of the lead screw 3111, the lead screw upper bearing 3114 is in interference fit with the lead screw upper shaft seat 3113, and the lead screw lower bearing 3115 is in interference fit with the lead screw lower shaft seat 3116; the bidirectional motor 3117 is provided at a lower end of the screw 3111.

The slide rail control assembly 312 comprises a slide bar 3121, a slide block 3122, a slide bar upper shaft seat 3123, a slide bar lower shaft seat 3124, an upper proximity switch group 3125, a lower proximity switch group 3126 and a rolling brush motor 3127; the lower part of the sliding block 3122 is provided with a through hole, the upper part thereof is provided with a through hole, and the sliding block 3122 is in clearance fit with the sliding rod 3121; a sliding rod upper shaft seat 3123 and a sliding rod lower shaft seat 3124 are arranged at the two ends of the sliding rod 3121; one of the upper proximity switch groups 3125 is disposed at the side end of the upper shaft support 3123 of the sliding rod, and the other is disposed at the side end of the sliding block 3122, when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush assembly 313 moves downward; one of the lower proximity switch groups 3126 is disposed at a side end of the sliding rod lower shaft seat 3124, and the other is disposed at the other opposite side end of the sliding block 3122, when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush assembly 313 moves upward; the round brush motor 3127 is provided at an upper through hole position of the slider 3122.

The dust collecting pipe 32 comprises an adapter 321, a left corrugated hose 322, a right corrugated hose 323, an elbow 324, a straight pipe 325 and a three-way pipe 326; the adapter 321 is a square shell with a single-side opening, the single-side opening of the adapter is connected with a rectangular groove on the planar side part of the dust collection cover 3133, the left and right parts of the opposite surface of the single-side opening are provided with a pair of circular through holes which are respectively connected with one ends of a left corrugated hose 322 and a right corrugated hose 323, the other ends of the left corrugated hose 322 and the right corrugated hose 323 are connected with two bent pipes 324 positioned on the upper part, two ends of the upper part of a three-way pipe 326 are connected with the two bent pipes 324 positioned on the upper part, one end of the lower part of the three-way pipe 326 is connected with one end of a pipeline consisting of one bent pipe 324 positioned on the left side of the lower part, one straight pipe 325 and the other bent pipe 324 positioned on the right side, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with the dust collection chamber interface 33.

In embodiment 3, the solar cell module dust-covering monitor has the following characteristics:

the lead screw 3111 is driven by the bi-directional motor 3117 to rotate forward and backward to drive the lead screw nut 3112 to reciprocate linearly in the longitudinal direction, so as to drive the rolling brush 3131 to follow, and meanwhile, the slider 3122 also follows along the sliding bar 3121, when the upper proximity switch group 3125 is at the same position, the rolling brush 3131 moves downward, and when the lower proximity switch group 3126 is at the same position, the rolling brush 3131 moves upward; the rolling brush motor 3127 drives the rolling brush 3131 to rotate, the brush bristles brush the dust covered on the surface of the solar photovoltaic glass 12 of the first irradiator 1 into the dust collection hood 3133 in the rotating motion, and the dust covered is discharged through a pipeline composed of the adapter 321, the left corrugated hose 322, the right corrugated hose 323, the elbow 324, the three-way pipe 326 and the straight pipe 325 in sequence, and finally through the dust collection chamber interface 33.

Preferably, a dust cover is provided outside the screw 3111, and a groove is opened to pass through the dust cover when the screw nut 3112 moves; similarly, a dust cover is arranged outside the sliding rod 3121, and a groove which can freely pass through is arranged at the surface position of the dust cover when the sliding block 3122 moves; the influence of dust on the screw 3111 and the slide 3121 is avoided.

Embodiment 4, as a preferred embodiment, please refer to fig. 7 and 8.

The control room 4 is closed and comprises a control room bottom plate 41, a control room frame 42, a first partition plate 43, a second partition plate 44, a dust collector room 45, a controller room 46, a storage battery room 47, a dust collector room panel 451 and a control panel 48;

when the operator attaches or detaches dust-covering bag 452, he or she can rotate cleaner room panel 451 to a proper position and then perform the operation.

Specifically, the single chip 462 includes an I/O port, a memory, and an operator, and processes data input by the data communication module 461.

Preferably, the control panel 48 is provided with an I/O control screen where an operator can enter data and read data.

Referring to fig. 11, in embodiment 3 and embodiment 4, the power connection relationship is as follows.

Embodiment 5, as a preferred embodiment, please refer to fig. 9.

The temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of the solar cell module 5 and used for collecting the temperature of the solar cell module 5, and further comprises a connecting sheet 51, and the connecting sheet 51 is used for fixing the solar cell module 5.

Or the temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of one of the solar cell modules adjacent to the photovoltaic power station.

Embodiment 6, as a preferred embodiment, in one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 10.

The supporting mechanism 6 comprises a bracket 61, a rotating shaft 62, a connector 63, a turntable 64, an upper upright 65 and a lower upright 66; a pair of rotating shaft holes are formed in the connecting position of the support 61 and the rotating shaft 62, circumferential scales are arranged on the excircle of each rotating shaft hole, and the support 61 is hinged and locked with the connector 63 through the rotating shaft 62; the end face of the rotating shaft 62 is provided with a pointer mark and is in interference fit with a shaft hole formed in the connector 63; the carousel 64 includes rotatable upper and lower extreme, and the excircle department of upper and lower extreme all is provided with the circumference scale, and the connector 63 lower extreme is connected with the upper end of carousel 64, and the upper end of going up stand 65 is connected with the lower extreme of carousel 64, and the cylinder of going up stand 65 can freely stretch out and draw back and lock in the axis through-hole of stand 66 down.

In embodiment 6, when the bracket 61 rotates around the rotating shaft 62, the circumferential scale marks on the outer circle of the rotating shaft hole rotate along with the rotating shaft, and the pointer mark of the rotating shaft 62 does not rotate, so that the bracket 61 can rotate accurately according to the angle value; when the bracket 61 rotates by the turntable 64, the bracket 61 can also rotate accurately according to the angle values of the circumferential scales at the excircle positions of the upper end and the lower end of the turntable 64; when the height of the bracket needs to be adjusted, the telescopic position of the upper upright 65 in the lower upright 66 is adjusted, so that the height of the bracket 61 is adjusted.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining an optimal cleaning time for dust covering of a solar cell module by using a dust covering monitor of a solar cell module, as shown in fig. 12, including the following steps:

s2, data acquisition: the data of the V type collected on site is stored and processed by the singlechip and then transmitted to the remote processor by the communication module, and the rest data of the I type, the II type, the III type and the IV type are input by the control panel and then stored and processed by the singlechip and then transmitted to the remote processor by the communication module.

S3, data calculation: (1) calculating the electric quantity loss under dust covering through the data of the III, IV and V types; (2) calculating the accumulated revenue loss under dust covering through the I and II data; (3) calculating the cost of one-time cleaning;

s5, data output: sending a client display cleaning;

correspondingly, the photovoltaic power station performs cleaning tasks.

In step S1, the five types of data collected are as follows:

in equation 1, the correction coefficient is calculated using equation 3:

equations

4, 5, and 6:

in the implementation process, the beneficial effects of the method are determined through comparative analysis, and the inventor conducts data monitoring analysis for one year on a certain 50MW photovoltaic power station in Qinghai province; the power station is built in 2017 in 2 months, the online electricity price of the area is 0.88 yuan/degree, the cleaning period of the power station is 3 times/year under the normal condition, and the cleaning cost per kilowatt is 0.36 yuan.

In 2021, 4 months, the power station is comprehensively detected and five types of data of the power station are acquired, the power station data acquisition meter is shown in the following table, an instrument is installed beside a No. 6 junction box in a 6 region, the whole instrument and a solar cell module of the power station are positioned on the same plane, the I, II, III and IV types of data are input after the instrument is installed, and the V type of data are acquired every 30 minutes according to the set frequency.

According to the previous cleaning mode, 3 times of cleaning are arranged in the station in the period from 11 months to 5 months, the station is generally determined by the station length by eyes with experience, the cleaning cost is 5.4 ten thousand yuan, the average annual power generation amount of four years from 3 months in 2017 to 2 months in 2021 is 8524 ten thousand kWh, the test is started on 3 days in 2021 and 4 months in 2021, the cleaning is carried out according to the suggestion prompted by the instrument, the equipment respectively sends out 5 times of cleaning prompts on 17 days in 4 months, 26 days in 5 months, 5 days in 11 months, 9 days in 2022 months and 4 days in 3 months in 2022, the cleaning cost generated in the period is 9 ten thousand yuan, the power generation amount is 8956 ten thousand kWh, the power generation amount is increased by 432 ten thousand kWh compared with the average value in the previous four years, the increased benefit is 380 ten thousand yuan, the increased cleaning cost is removed by 3.6 ten thousand yuan, the actual benefit is increased by 376.4 ten thousand yuan, the power station is observed that the cleaning frequency is increased after the instrument is added, and the corresponding benefit is increased by 5.07 ten thousand yuan compared with the benefit before the instrument is added in the power generation amount before the instrument is added, statistics of relevant data before and after instrument loading are shown in the table below.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A dust-covering monitor for a solar cell module is characterized by comprising a first irradiator (1), a second irradiator (2), a rolling brush dust collection mechanism (3), a control room (4), a solar cell module (5), a support mechanism (6) and a temperature sensor (7); a support (61) is arranged at the upper end of the supporting mechanism (6), the support (61) is rotatably connected with the upper end of the supporting mechanism (6), and the supporting mechanism (6) can be contracted and rotated; the solar cell module (5) and the control chamber (4) are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the middle position of the bracket (61), a storage battery (472) is arranged in the control chamber (4), and the first irradiator (1) and the second irradiator (2) are arranged at the left part and the right part of the two end positions of the bracket (61); the rolling brush dust collection mechanism (3) is arranged on the front panel of the first irradiation instrument (1), can do axial rotation motion and longitudinal linear reciprocating motion, is in a dry negative pressure mode, and can clean the front panel of the first irradiation instrument (1); the temperature sensor (7) is arranged on the back plate surface of the solar cell module (5); the solar cell module (5) is connected with the storage battery (472) through a power cable, the rolling brush dust collection mechanism (3) is connected with the control room (4) through the power cable, and the first irradiation instrument (1), the second irradiation instrument (2) and the temperature sensor (7) are connected with the control room (4) through signal cables.

2. The solar cell module dust-covering monitor according to claim 1, wherein the first irradiator (1) is closed and comprises an irradiation collector (11), solar photovoltaic glass (12), an irradiator rectangular frame (13) and an irradiator base plate (14); an irradiator bottom plate (14) is arranged at the lower end of an irradiator rectangular frame (13), an irradiation collector (11) is arranged at the middle position of the irradiator bottom plate (14), a stepped groove is formed in the upper edge of the irradiator rectangular frame (13), and solar photovoltaic glass (12) is arranged in the stepped groove; correspondingly, the second irradiator (2) and the first irradiator (1) have the same structure;

the rolling brush dust collection mechanism (3) comprises a rolling brush cleaning part (31), a dust collection pipeline (32) and a dust collection chamber interface (33);

the rolling brush cleaning component (31) comprises a lead screw driving component (311), a slide rail control component (312) and a rolling brush component (313); the two ends of the rolling brush component (313) are rotatably connected with the lead screw driving component (311) and the sliding rail control component (312), the lead screw driving component (311) drives the rolling brush component (313) to do linear reciprocating motion, the sliding rail control component (312) drives the rolling brush component (313) to do rotary motion, and the two ends of the sliding rail control component (312) are provided with proximity switch groups for controlling the positive and negative rotation of the lead screw driving component (311); wherein:

the screw driving assembly (311) comprises a screw (3111), a screw nut (3112), a screw upper shaft seat (3113), a screw upper bearing (3114), a screw lower bearing (3115), a screw lower shaft seat (3116) and a two-way motor (3117); the lower part of the screw nut (3112) is provided with a threaded hole, the upper part of the screw nut is provided with a through hole, the screw nut (3112) is in threaded fit with the screw (3111), the two ends of the screw (3111) are provided with a screw upper bearing (3114) and a screw lower bearing (3115), the screw upper bearing (3114) is in interference fit with a screw upper shaft seat (3113), and the screw lower bearing (3115) is in interference fit with a screw lower shaft seat (3116); the bidirectional motor (3117) is arranged at the lower end of the screw rod (3111);

the sliding rail control assembly (312) comprises a sliding rod (3121), a sliding block (3122), a sliding rod upper shaft seat (3123), a sliding rod lower shaft seat (3124), an upper proximity switch group (3125), a lower proximity switch group (3126) and a rolling brush motor (3127); the lower part of the sliding block (3122) is provided with a through hole, the upper part of the sliding block is provided with a through hole, and the sliding block (3122) is in clearance fit with the sliding rod (3121); two ends of the sliding rod (3121) are provided with a sliding rod upper shaft seat (3123) and a sliding rod lower shaft seat (3124); one of the upper proximity switch group (3125) is arranged at the side end of the upper shaft seat (3123) of the slide bar, the other is arranged at the side end of the slide block (3122), when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush component (313) moves downwards; one of the lower proximity switch group (3126) is arranged at the side end of the lower shaft seat (3124) of the slide bar, and the other is arranged at the other opposite side end of the slide block (3122), when the two are close to and at the same position, the rolling brush component (313) moves upwards; the rolling brush motor (3127) is arranged at the upper through hole of the sliding block (3122); in the moving process of the rolling brush component (313), the first irradiator (1) and the second irradiator (2) do not acquire data;

the rolling brush assembly (313) includes a rolling brush (3131), a rolling brush shaft (3132), a dust collection cover (3133), a left rolling brush bearing (3134), and a right rolling brush bearing (3135); the dust collection cover (3133) is a nearly cylindrical shell, the left end and the right end of the dust collection cover are respectively connected with the upper part of the screw nut (3112) and the upper part of the sliding block (3122), the lower part of the dust collection cover is provided with an open mouth, and the plane side part of the dust collection cover is provided with a rectangular groove; the rolling brush (3131) is cylindrical with a shaft hole and is arranged in the dust collection cover (3133), bristles are arranged on the circumferential surface of the rolling brush (3131), the rolling brush shaft (3132) is in interference fit with the shaft hole of the rolling brush (3131), a left rolling brush bearing (3134) and a right rolling brush bearing (3135) are arranged at two ends of the rolling brush shaft (3132), the left rolling brush bearing (3134) is in interference fit with a through hole formed in the upper portion of the screw nut (3112), and the right rolling brush bearing (3135) is in interference fit with the through hole formed in the upper portion of the sliding block (3122).

3. The solar cell module dust-covering monitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dust collecting pipe (32) comprises an adapter (321), a left corrugated hose (322), a right corrugated hose (323), an elbow (324), a straight pipe (325) and a tee pipe (326); the adapter (321) is a square shell with an opening on one side, a rectangular groove is formed in the opening on one side and connected with the planar side of the dust collection hood (3133), a pair of circular through holes are formed in the left portion and the right portion of the opening on one side, the left portion and the right portion of the opening on the opposite side are connected with one end of a left corrugated hose (322) and one end of a right corrugated hose (323), the other ends of the left corrugated hose (322) and the right corrugated hose (323) are connected with two bent pipes (324) located on the upper portion, two ends of the upper portion of a three-way pipe (326) are connected with the two bent pipes (324) located on the upper portion, one end of the lower portion of the three-way pipe (326) is connected with one end of a pipeline composed of one bent pipe (324) located on the left side of the lower portion, one straight pipe (325) and the other bent pipe (324) on the right side, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with a dust collection chamber interface (33).

4. The solar module dust-covering monitor according to claim 3, wherein the lead screw (3111) is driven by a bidirectional motor (3117) to rotate in forward and reverse directions to drive the lead screw nut (3112) to reciprocate linearly in a longitudinal direction, so as to drive the rolling brush (3131) to follow, and the slider (3122) also follows along the sliding rod (3121), and when the upper proximity switch set (3125) is in the same position, the rolling brush (3131) moves downward, and when the lower proximity switch set (3126) is in the same position, the rolling brush (3131) moves upward; the rolling brush motor (3127) drives the rolling brush (3131) to rotate, the bristles brush dust on the surface of the solar photovoltaic glass (12) of the irradiation instrument (1) into the dust collection hood (3133) in the rotation motion, and the dust is discharged through a pipeline formed by the adapter (321), the left corrugated hose (322), the right corrugated hose (323), the elbow (324), the three-way pipe (326) and the straight pipe (325) in sequence and finally through a dust collection chamber interface (33).

5. The solar battery pack dust-covering monitor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a dust cover is provided outside the lead screw (3111), and a groove is formed to pass through the dust cover when the lead screw nut (3112) moves; similarly, a dust cover is provided outside the slide bar (3121), and a groove is opened at a surface position through which the slide bar (3122) passes when moving.

6. The solar cell module dust covering monitor according to claim 5, wherein the control room (4) is closed and comprises a control room bottom plate (41), a control room frame (42), a first partition plate (43), a second partition plate (44), a dust collector room (45), a controller room (46), a storage battery room (47), a dust collector room panel (451) and a control panel (48);

the control room bottom plate (41) is arranged at the lower part of a control room frame (42), the control room frame (42) is divided into a left-to-right dust collector room (45), a controller room (46) and a storage battery room (47) by a first partition plate (43) and a second partition plate (44), a dust collector room panel (451) is connected with the upper end of the dust collector room (45) through a hinge, and a control panel (48) is arranged at the upper parts of the controller room (46) and the storage battery room (47);

the cleaner chamber (45) comprises a dust covering bag (452), a third partition plate (453) and a dust suction motor (454); the third partition board (453) divides the dust collector chamber (45) into a left cavity and a right cavity, the lower part of the left cavity is provided with an air inlet (455), and the lower part of the right cavity is provided with an air outlet (456); the dust-covered containing bag (452) is arranged in the left cavity, and the dust absorption motor (454) is arranged in the right cavity;

the controller room (46) comprises a data communication module (461) and a singlechip (462) connected with the data communication module; the battery chamber (47) comprises a charge-discharge controller (471) and a battery (472) connected with the charge-discharge controller; the data communication module (461) is used for collecting data and transmitting the data through a network.

7. The solar battery pack dust-covering monitor according to claim 6, wherein the single chip microcomputer (462) comprises an I/O port, a memory and an arithmetic unit, and is used for processing data input by the data communication module (461); the control panel (48) is provided with an I/O control screen, and an operator can input data and read data;

the temperature sensor (7), the first irradiator (1), the second irradiator (2) and the charge-discharge controller (471) are connected with the data communication module (461) through signal cables, and the data communication module (461) receives signals and converts the signals into data;

the data communication module (461) is connected with the singlechip (462) through a signal cable, and the singlechip (462) receives and processes data;

the data communication module (461) is connected with the remote processor through a wireless network, and the remote processor receives and processes data;

the dust collection motor (454), the bidirectional motor (3117) and the rolling brush motor (3127) are connected with the single chip microcomputer (462) through signal cables, and the single chip microcomputer (462) controls the starting and stopping of the dust collection motor (454), the bidirectional motor (3117) and the rolling brush motor (3127);

the solar cell module (5) is connected with a charge-discharge controller (471) through a power cable, the charge-discharge controller (471) is connected with a storage battery (472) through the power cable, and the charge-discharge controller (471) controls the charge-discharge depth of the storage battery (472);

the storage battery (472) is connected with the dust collection motor (454) and the rolling brush motor (3127) through power cables to provide power; the storage battery (472) is connected with the upper proximity switch group (3125) and the lower proximity switch group (3126) through power cables, the proximity switch group (3125) and the lower proximity switch group (3126) are connected with the bidirectional motor (3117) through the power cables, and the circuit on-off of the proximity switch group (3125) and the circuit on-off of the lower proximity switch group (3126) are in a complementary relationship.

8. The solar cell module dust covering monitor according to claim 7, further comprising a connecting sheet (51), wherein the temperature sensor (7) is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of the solar cell module (5) and is used for collecting the temperature of the solar cell module (5), and the connecting sheet (51) is used for fixing the solar cell module (5);

or the temperature sensor (7) is arranged in the middle of the back plate surface of one of the solar cell modules close to the photovoltaic power station;

the supporting mechanism (6) comprises a bracket (61), a rotating shaft (62), a connector (63), a turntable (64), an upper upright post (65) and a lower upright post (66); a pair of rotating shaft holes are formed in the connecting position of the support (61) and the rotating shaft (62), circumferential scales are arranged on the excircle of each rotating shaft hole, and the support (61) is hinged and locked with the connector (63) through the rotating shaft (62); the end face of the rotating shaft (62) is provided with a pointer mark and is in interference fit with a shaft hole formed in the connector (63); the rotary table (64) comprises an upper end and a lower end which are rotatable, the outer circles of the upper end and the lower end are provided with circumference scales, the lower end of the connecting head (63) is connected with the upper end of the rotary table (64), the upper end of the upper upright column (65) is connected with the lower end of the rotary table (64), and the cylinder of the upper upright column (65) can freely stretch out and draw back and be locked in the axis through hole of the lower upright column (66).

9. A method for judging the optimal cleaning time of a solar cell module dust-covering monitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s5, data output: sending a client display cleaning;

correspondingly, the photovoltaic power station performs cleaning tasks.

10. The method for determining the optimal cleaning time of the solar cell module dust-covering monitor according to claim 9, wherein in step S1, the collected five types of data are as follows:

in equation 1, the correction coefficient is calculated using equation 3:

in step S3, the cumulative loss of revenue under dust cover is the result of calculation of equations 4, 5, and 6:

。