CN114879444A - Portable superspeed laser reflection shadow imaging device - Google Patents

Portable superspeed laser reflection shadow imaging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114879444A
CN114879444A CN202210390513.2A CN202210390513A CN114879444A CN 114879444 A CN114879444 A CN 114879444A CN 202210390513 A CN202210390513 A CN 202210390513A CN 114879444 A CN114879444 A CN 114879444A
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China
Prior art keywords
laser
speed
light source
pulse
diffuser
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Pending
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CN202210390513.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
武锦辉
闫晓燕
刘吉
仝修亮
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North University of China
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North University of China
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Priority to CN202210390513.2A priority Critical patent/CN114879444A/en
Publication of CN114879444A publication Critical patent/CN114879444A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B39/00—High-speed photography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
    • G03B15/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash apparatus; Electronic flash units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/17—Bodies with reflectors arranged in beam forming the photographic image, e.g. for reducing dimensions of camera

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable ultra-high-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is a semi-closed shell with an open front surface and a wire outlet hole reserved on the back part, a laser diffuser is arranged at the center of the front surface of the box body, reflectors are obliquely arranged on the periphery of the laser diffuser, high-speed cameras are arranged on the peripheral side walls of the box body, the high-speed cameras correspond to the reflectors in position, a pulse laser light source is arranged in a space formed by the reflectors and the back part of the box body, and a beam splitter prism is arranged between the laser diffuser and the pulse laser light source; the high-speed camera and the pulse laser light source are respectively and electrically connected with the trigger controller, and the trigger controller is used for setting a delay trigger pulse according to the initial speed data of the measurement target and synchronously controlling the logic time sequence of high-speed photography and pulse laser trigger; pulse laser beams generated by the pulse laser light source pass through the light splitting prism and then are emitted through the laser diffuser to illuminate the visual field, a measurement target is projected onto the reflective screen, and the high-speed camera shoots shadow images reflected from the reflective mirror.

Description

Portable superspeed laser reflection shadow imaging device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of large-range ultrahigh-speed transient test research, in particular to a portable ultrahigh-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device.
Background
The scope test is an important aspect of national defense development, and is used for verifying the destruction capability of weapons and evaluating the performance of weapons. This test typically involves observing the transient processes of ballistics, terminal effects, and explosive shock waves. High speed laser shadow imaging techniques are critical in range testing.
The method is characterized in that strong light generated in the process of impacting a metal target plate by a high-speed object greatly affects visible light photography, in order to acquire information such as speed and posture before and after the object is impacted, a strong light spectrum region contained in the impacting process needs to be considered to be avoided, and an imaging technology combining shadow imaging, laser light source light supplementing and narrow-band filtering is adopted to eliminate the influence of flash on shooting and acquire a clear shadow image.
At present, the shooting device adopted in the related research at home and abroad is mainly an ultra-high-speed camera, the exposure time reaches microsecond level, enough pictures can be provided in a short time, but the price is very high, one set of camera reaches up to millions of RMB, only a single light source imaging mode is adopted, and complicated resetting operation is needed if the light source is replaced.
Therefore, a portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging device is needed to solve the problems of high cost of the high-speed camera used in the laser illumination shadow imaging device and complicated replacement operation of the light source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a portable ultra-high-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, monitoring the long-time process of large-area transient phenomenon (namely explosion shock wave evolution), displaying the transient phenomenon of an ultra-high-speed moving target, solving the problem of high cost of a high-speed camera used by the conventional laser illumination shadow imaging device and completing the switching of imaging of different light sources without complicated resetting operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a portable ultra-high-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device, which comprises a box body, wherein the box body is a semi-closed shell with an open front surface and a wire outlet hole reserved on the back part, a laser diffuser is arranged at the center of the front surface of the box body, reflectors are obliquely arranged on the periphery of the laser diffuser, high-speed cameras are arranged on the peripheral side walls of the box body, the high-speed cameras correspond to the reflectors in position, a pulse laser light source is arranged in a space formed by the reflectors and the back part of the box body, and a beam splitter prism is arranged between the laser diffuser and the pulse laser light source;
the high-speed camera and the pulse laser light source are respectively and electrically connected with a trigger controller, and the trigger controller is used for setting a delay trigger pulse according to the initial speed data of the measurement target and synchronously controlling the logic time sequence of high-speed photography and pulse laser trigger;
pulse laser beams generated by the pulse laser light source pass through the light splitting prism and then are emitted through the laser diffuser to illuminate a visual field, the measuring target is projected onto the reflecting screen, and the high-speed camera shoots shadow images reflected from the reflecting mirror.
The high-speed camera is arranged in mirror-image uniform symmetry with the laser diffuser as the center, and the imaging main optical axis of the high-speed camera is intersected and positioned on a laser beam emitted by the laser diffuser.
The high-speed camera has coplanar imaging main optical axes and is perpendicular to the laser beams emitted by the laser diffuser.
The included angle between the reflector and the imaging main optical axis of the high-speed camera is 45 degrees, and the center position of the reflector is located in the effective imaging focal length range of the high-speed camera.
The exposure time of the high-speed camera is at least 1ms, the pixels are at least 600 ten thousand, and the high-speed camera is provided with an imaging lens.
The imaging lens is provided with a narrow-band interference filter.
The pulse laser light source adopts a nanosecond pulse laser.
The number of the beam splitting prisms corresponds to the number of the pulse laser light sources, and the optical axes of the beam splitting prisms are collinear with the central optical axis of the laser diffuser.
The reflecting screen is a reflecting screen with original reflecting materials laid on the surface.
And the high-speed camera images a measuring area sequence, and the effective exposure time period of the high-speed camera at least corresponds to one pulse of the pulse laser light source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the portable ultrahigh-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device provided by the invention solves the problem of high cost in the related technology, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost and strong operability, and realizes large-scale ultrahigh-speed transient phenomenon monitoring.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a housing of a portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention controlling the high speed camera sequence to initiate exposure and corresponding pulsed laser flashes;
in the figure: 1: reflective screen, 2: high-speed camera, 3: imaging lens, 4: pulsed laser light source, 5: a reflective mirror, 6: beam splitter prism, 7: laser diffuser, 8: trigger controller, 9: a box body and 10: and measuring the target.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a portable ultra-high-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1:
the invention provides a portable ultra-high-speed laser reflection shadow imaging device, which comprises a box body 9, wherein the box body 9 is a semi-closed shell with an open front surface and a wire outlet hole at the back part, a laser diffuser 7 is arranged at the center of the front surface of the box body 9, reflectors 5 are obliquely arranged on the periphery of the laser diffuser 7, high-speed cameras 2 are arranged on the peripheral side walls of the box body 9, the high-speed cameras 2 correspond to the reflectors 5 in position, a pulse laser light source 4 is arranged in a space formed by the reflectors 5 and the back part of the box body 9, and a beam splitter prism 6 is arranged between the laser diffuser 7 and the pulse laser light source 4;
the high-speed camera 2 and the pulse laser light source 4 are respectively and electrically connected with a trigger controller 8, and the trigger controller 8 is used for setting a delay trigger pulse according to initial speed data of a measurement target 10 and synchronously controlling a high-speed photography and pulse laser trigger logic time sequence; the trigger controller 8 also completes the conditioning of the trigger signal, the trigger output of the high-speed camera 2 and the PWM output control of the pulse laser light source 4.
Pulse laser beams generated by the pulse laser light source 4 pass through the beam splitter prism 6 and then are emitted through the laser diffuser 7 to illuminate the visual field, a measurement target 10 is projected onto the reflecting screen 1, and the high-speed camera 2 shoots shadow images reflected from the reflecting mirror 5.
The high-speed camera 2 is arranged in mirror image uniform symmetry with the laser diffuser 7 as the center, and the imaging main optical axes of the high-speed camera 2 are intersected and positioned on the laser beams emitted by the laser diffuser 7.
The high speed camera 2 has its imaging main optical axis coplanar and perpendicular to the laser beam exiting through the laser diffuser 7.
Each high-speed camera 2 corresponds to a reflector 5, the included angle between the reflector 5 and the imaging main optical axis of the high-speed camera 2 is 45 degrees, the reflector 5 is compactly placed around a laser diffuser 7, and the center position of the reflector 5 is within the effective imaging focal distance range of the high-speed camera 2.
The number of the high-speed cameras 2 is set according to the number of the photos to be captured, the structures of the high-speed cameras 2 are the same or similar, the exposure time of the high-speed cameras 2 is at least 1ms, the pixels are at least 600 thousands, and the high-speed cameras 2 are provided with imaging lenses 3.
The imaging lens 3 is provided with a narrow-band interference filter to match the pulse laser light source 4, and the high-speed camera 2 is over-exposed by limiting the spectral energy of other wave bands from entering, wherein the selection of the narrow-band interference filter is related to the type of the pulse laser light source 4 used in imaging.
The pulse laser light source 4 adopts a nanosecond pulse laser, the type of which is set according to actual needs, and the purpose is to generate different frequency band spectrums for light source compensation in the target collision process of different targets.
The number of the beam splitting prisms 6 corresponds to the number of the pulse laser light sources 4, laser beams generated by the pulse laser light sources 4 are uniformly emitted from the laser diffuser 7 through one or more beam splitting prisms 6, and the optical axis of the beam splitting prisms 6 is collinear with the central optical axis of the laser diffuser 7.
The reflecting screen 1 is a reflecting screen with a surface laid with a primary reflecting material.
The high-speed camera 2 images a sequence of measurement areas, the effective exposure time period of the high-speed camera 2 corresponding to at least one pulse of the pulsed laser light source 4. The pulse interval of the pulse laser light source 4 and the opening time interval of the shutter of the adjacent high-speed camera 2 are related to the speed of the measurement target 10 and also related to the image quantity requirement of the measurement target 10 to be obtained in unit time.
Specifically, the plurality of high-speed cameras 2 image the sequence of the measurement area, it is ensured that the effective exposure time period of each high-speed camera 2 at least corresponds to the pulse of one pulse laser light source 4, after the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10, passes through two laser targets, a laser detection signal is input into the trigger controller 8, the trigger controller 8 obtains the time of the projectile, i.e. the target passing time of the measurement target 10, through the trigger signal, and calculates to obtain the initial speed of the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10; according to the initial speed data of the shot, namely the measurement target 10, a delay trigger pulse is set, the high-speed photography and the trigger logic time sequence of the pulse laser light source 4 are synchronously controlled, the laser lights the visual field, the shot, namely the measurement target 10, is projected onto the reflector 5, and the camera shoots shadow images from the reflector 5.
In the embodiment, the ultrahigh-speed transient change target is imaged by matching the pulse sequences of the plurality of high-speed cameras 2 and the pulse laser light source 4. The effective exposure time period of each high-speed camera 2 at least corresponds to one pulse of the pulse laser light source 4, because the measuring target 10 is imaged by a plurality of high-speed cameras 2 in sequence under the control of time sequence, the imaging quality of each high-speed camera 2 can be fully ensured without adopting expensive microsecond-level ultrahigh-speed cameras. The smaller the pulse width of the pulse laser light source 4 is, the better the effect on the frozen ultrahigh-speed transient phenomenon is, the clearer the imaging is, and the pulse laser light source is selected according to actual requirements in use. Wherein the pulsed laser light source 4 illuminates a test area, and each high-speed camera 2 images the same test area sequence.
Further, the pulse laser light source 4 may select a green laser with a pulse width of 10ns, and a laser diffuser 7 is installed on the pulse laser to achieve uniform light intensity distribution and adjust a proper illumination area, and a proper distance and a proper divergence angle are carefully selected according to a required field of view, so that the laser illumination area only covers the field of view.
Further, the number of the high-speed cameras 2 is selected according to the number of the photos to be captured, the model, the function and the structure of each high-speed camera 2 are completely consistent, the exposure time is at least 1ms, each high-speed camera 2 is provided with the same imaging lens 3, and the imaging lens 3 is a zoom lens. In the present embodiment, the high-speed camera 2 having an exposure time of 1ms is sufficient for satisfying the imaging requirement for the measurement target 10. Because the speed of the measurement target 10 projectile is high and the exposure time of the high speed cameras 2 is relatively large, each high speed camera 2 can capture only one picture. The zoom lens can select the focal length of 80-200mm to meet the requirements of shooting of fields of different distances.
Further, the imaging lens 3 is provided with a green laser high-quality band-pass narrow-band interference filter to match with a laser pulse light source, and spectral energy of other wave bands is limited from entering the high-speed camera 2 to cause overexposure of the high-speed camera 2.
The high-speed cameras 2 are uniformly arranged around the pulse laser light source 4, the high-speed cameras 2 do not shield the visual field of the pulse laser light source 4, and the arrangement positions of the high-speed cameras 2 do not interfere with each other to shoot the visual field; the imaging lens 3 faces the mirror 5. With reference to fig. 1, eight high-speed cameras 2 can be selected to be uniformly placed around a pulse laser light source 4, the four front high-speed cameras 2 are placed at the same height as the pulse laser light source 4, the four rear high-speed cameras 2 are placed at the same height slightly higher than the four front high-speed cameras 2, and the shooting visual field of each high-speed camera 2 is not influenced by each other.
Further, the synchronous trigger controller 8 has a high time resolution (the time resolution is less than 5ns) and can also calculate the projectile, namely the shooting speed of the measurement target 10; the high-speed camera 2 is connected with a PC computer, and the PC computer is used for receiving the shadow image shot by the high-speed camera 2 for analysis and processing.
Two laser targets for completing the trigger detection of the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10, and providing laser detection signals for the synchronous trigger controller 8, wherein the synchronous trigger controller 8 acquires the projectile, i.e. the target passing time t of the measurement target 10 through the trigger signals 1 And t 2 Then, the initial speed v of the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10, is calculated according to the preset target distance S of the two laser targets 2 -t 1 ). As an example, assuming that the speed of the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10 is 1000m/s, and the distance between the shooting area and the nearest laser target is 1m, the flight time of the projectile, i.e. the measurement target 10, is 1ms in this period, and accordingly, the trigger controller 8 should set the trigger delay time to be at least 1 ms.
The pulse interval of the pulse laser source 4 and the opening time interval of the shutter of the adjacent high-speed camera 2 are related to the speed of the shot, namely the measurement target 10, and are also related to the requirement of the number of target images to be obtained in unit time. To increase the imaging frequency of the high-speed camera 2, it is necessary to shorten the time intervalAnd typically less than 100 mus. Since the first light source pulse is directly determined to be imaged within the exposure time of the high-speed camera 2, each pulse of the pulsed laser light source 4 may be triggered at a time corresponding to the rising edge of the exposure time of the high-speed camera 2, i.e., the pulse of the pulsed laser light source 4 and the shutter of the high-speed camera 2 are triggered simultaneously. As shown in connection with fig. 3, where the pulsed laser light source flash time corresponds to the rising edge of the camera exposure time; the abscissa t represents time; corresponding to the exposure time of the camera 1, the light source flash time t 01 The rising edge at the exposure time may be selected; at this time, for both camera 1 and camera 2, the flash time of the light source is selected to be at the rising edge of the exposure time of the camera, and so on when there are more high-speed cameras 2.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging device is characterized in that: the laser device comprises a box body (9), wherein the box body (9) is a semi-closed shell with an open front and a wire outlet hole reserved on the back, a laser diffuser (7) is arranged in the center of the front of the box body (9), reflectors (5) are obliquely arranged on the periphery of the laser diffuser (7), high-speed cameras (2) are arranged on the peripheral side walls of the box body (9), the high-speed cameras (2) correspond to the reflectors (5), a pulse laser light source (4) is arranged in a space formed by the reflectors (5) and the back of the box body (9), and a beam splitter prism (6) is arranged between the laser diffuser (7) and the pulse laser light source (4);
the high-speed camera (2) and the pulse laser light source (4) are respectively and electrically connected with a trigger controller (8), and the trigger controller (8) is used for setting a delay trigger pulse according to initial speed data of a measurement target (10) and synchronously controlling a high-speed photography and pulse laser trigger logic time sequence;
pulse laser beams generated by the pulse laser light source (4) pass through the light splitting prism (6) and then are emitted through the laser diffuser (7) to illuminate a visual field, the measuring target (10) is projected onto the reflecting screen (1), and the high-speed camera (2) shoots a shadow image reflected from the reflecting mirror (5).
2. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the high-speed camera (2) with laser diffuser (7) is the even symmetry setting of mirror image as the center, high-speed camera (2) formation of image main optical axis is crossing and is in through on the laser beam of laser diffuser (7) light-emitting.
3. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the imaging main optical axis of the high-speed camera (2) is coplanar and is vertical to the laser beam emitted by the laser diffuser (7).
4. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the reflector (5) and the imaging main optical axis of the high-speed camera (2) is 45 degrees, and the center position of the reflector (5) is positioned in the effective imaging focal length range of the high-speed camera (2).
5. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the exposure time of the high-speed camera (2) is at least 1ms, the number of pixels is at least 600 ten thousand, and the high-speed camera (2) is provided with an imaging lens (3).
6. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the imaging lens (3) is provided with a narrow-band interference filter.
7. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the pulse laser light source (4) adopts a nanosecond pulse laser.
8. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the beam splitting prisms (6) corresponds to the number of the pulse laser light sources (4), and the optical axes of the beam splitting prisms (6) are collinear with the central optical axis of the laser diffuser (7).
9. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the reflecting screen (1) is a reflecting screen with original reflecting materials laid on the surface.
10. A portable ultra-high speed laser reflection shadow imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the high-speed camera (2) images a sequence of measurement areas, and the effective exposure time period of the high-speed camera (2) at least corresponds to one pulse of the pulsed laser light source (4).
CN202210390513.2A 2022-04-14 2022-04-14 Portable superspeed laser reflection shadow imaging device Pending CN114879444A (en)

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CN109754425A (en) * 2017-11-01 2019-05-14 浙江舜宇智能光学技术有限公司 The calibration facility and its scaling method of TOF camera module
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CN111856267A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-10-30 浙江零壹智能电器研究院有限公司 Breaker breaking speed testing device and method based on laser shadow imaging
CN112748626A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-05-04 哈尔滨工业大学 Visualization device for shock wave high-speed digital shadow imaging

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