CN114877664B - Drum-type grain dryer - Google Patents
Drum-type grain dryer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114877664B CN114877664B CN202210446285.6A CN202210446285A CN114877664B CN 114877664 B CN114877664 B CN 114877664B CN 202210446285 A CN202210446285 A CN 202210446285A CN 114877664 B CN114877664 B CN 114877664B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- supporting seat
- drum
- cavity
- rotary drum
- air inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/30—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors
- F26B17/34—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors the movement being in a vertical or steeply inclined plane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
- B07B4/06—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall using revolving drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a roller type grain dryer, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The automatic drying device comprises a first supporting seat, a second supporting seat and a horizontally arranged rotary drum, wherein an air inlet cavity is formed in the first supporting seat, a discharging cavity is formed in the second supporting seat, two ends of the rotary drum are respectively connected to the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat in a rotating mode, an exhaust pipe coaxial with the rotary drum is arranged in the rotary drum, a drying cavity is formed between the outer wall of the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the rotary drum, one end, close to the second supporting seat, of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the rotary drum through a connecting cover, an air vent is communicated with the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe and the drying cavity, one end, close to the first supporting seat, of the exhaust pipe is connected with the air inlet end of an exhaust fan, an air inlet connecting pipe communicated with the outside and the air inlet cavity is formed in the first supporting seat, a heater is arranged in the air inlet connecting pipe, the discharging cavity is communicated with the drying cavity through the discharging hole, and a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the discharging cavity; the first supporting seat is provided with a feeding pipe, and an outlet of the feeding pipe extends to an inlet of the drying cavity. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a roller type grain dryer.
Background
The grain needs to be controlled in water content before storage, transportation and processing, the general requirement on grain drying is that the water content is not higher than 15%, grain drying equipment in the market is mostly tower-type, at least one lifting machine is needed, if grain sorting (removing spike residue, empty shell grains and the like) is involved, a plurality of equipment sections are needed to be completed, and a plurality of lifting machines are needed to be matched, so that the grain drying equipment is complex in structure.
In addition, most of grain drying equipment in the market utilizes the circulation of hot air flow to dry grains, the difference between the temperature of the air flow close to a heat source and the temperature of the air flow far away from the heat source is large, taking a traditional tower dryer as an example, grains enter a tower from the top of the tower, the hot air flow circulates upwards from the bottom of the tower, the temperature of the top of the tower is low, part of water vapor formed by grain dehydration is easily absorbed by grains in a region with low temperature again, the dehydration efficiency is affected, and in addition, exhaust gas with certain heat is not utilized, and the heat utilization rate is low. The grain sorting is generally performed by adopting a centrifugal mode, and the mode not only needs a rotating mechanism with high energy consumption, but also can be mutually damaged due to high-speed rotation impact of the grains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a roller type grain dryer, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the drying efficiency of grains.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the rotary drum type grain dryer is characterized by comprising a first supporting seat, a second supporting seat and a horizontally arranged rotary drum, wherein an air inlet cavity is formed in the first supporting seat, a discharging cavity is formed in the second supporting seat, two ends of the rotary drum are respectively and rotatably connected to the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat, an exhaust pipe coaxial with the rotary drum is arranged in the rotary drum, a drying cavity is formed between the outer wall of the exhaust pipe and the inner wall of the rotary drum, one end of the exhaust pipe, which is close to the second supporting seat, is fixedly connected with the rotary drum through a connecting cover, the connecting cover comprises a connecting part with a discharging hole and a cone part with a vent hole, the vent hole is communicated with an inner cavity of the exhaust pipe and the drying cavity, one end, which is close to the first supporting seat, of the exhaust pipe is connected with an air inlet connecting pipe which is communicated with the outside and the air inlet cavity, a heater is arranged in the air inlet connecting pipe, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the drying cavity, the discharging cavity is communicated with the drying cavity through the discharging hole, and a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the discharging cavity; the first supporting seat is provided with a feeding pipe, and an outlet of the feeding pipe extends to an inlet of the drying cavity.
Further, the outer wall of the exhaust pipe is provided with a spiral guide piece which can drive grains to be guided out from the direction of the outlet of the drying cavity.
Further, the inner wall of the rotary drum is provided with a plurality of material turning plates parallel to the axis of the rotary drum.
Furthermore, a speed reducing motor is arranged on the second supporting seat, and the speed reducing motor drives the exhaust pipe to rotate.
Further, the cone is positioned at the inner side of the connecting part, and the connecting part is positioned at the middle part of the discharging cavity.
Further, the air inlet cavity and the drying cavity are in smooth transition through a guide cone.
Further, a feeding hopper is arranged at the upper end of the feeding pipe.
Further, the ratio of the outer diameter of the exhaust tube to the inner diameter of the rotary drum is less than 0.2.
The exhaust pipe is close to one end of the first supporting seat and extends out of the first supporting seat, the exhaust pipe is connected with an air inlet end of the exhaust fan, the air inlet connecting pipe is an air inlet, a heater is arranged at the air inlet connecting pipe, air enters the air inlet cavity from the air inlet connecting pipe, hot air enters the drying cavity from the air inlet cavity, grains to be dried enter the drying cavity from the air inlet hopper, the discharging position is located in the drying cavity through the feeding pipe, the grains are frequently turned over under the action of the turning plate along with the slow rotation of the rotary drum, part of the grains fall onto the exhaust pipe, the materials slowly move towards the outlet direction of the drying cavity under the action of the spiral guide plate, the hot air flows to dry the grains, the dried grains enter the discharging cavity from the discharging hole, the hot air flows enter the exhaust pipe from the tail end of the drying cavity through the vent hole and are extracted by the exhaust fan.
It is difficult to see that, because the cereal is turned by the stirring board, be in the state of constantly promoting, whereabouts, make hot air current can act on by the cereal of lifting, this not only can improve the contact efficiency of hot air current and cereal, still make the circulation efficiency of air current higher, the plump granule in the cereal of lifting and ear of grain bits can efficient get into the exhaust tube under the effect of air current, and then be discharged, realize the sorting of cereal, sort cereal before the stoving in-process is selected separately, have efficient, select separately the accuracy good, select separately characteristics such as purity height.
On the one hand, the spiral guide piece can control the circulation direction of grains, the diameter of the exhaust pipe is smaller, so that the moving speed of the grains in the drying cavity is slower, and the lifted grains only partially move along the circumferential direction of the drying cavity due to the action of the spiral guide piece, so that the grains are frequently lifted and frequently acted by hot air flow, and uniform drying and non-omission drying are realized.
The air flow after the grain drying is finished, although the humidity is higher, the air flow still has certain heat energy, and is discharged in a backflow way through the exhaust pipe, the heat conduction of the spiral guide piece is utilized, the hot air flow in the drying cavity is utilized to heat the exhaust pipe, the environment with high humidity and low temperature is avoided being formed in the exhaust pipe, the non-condensation water drops in the exhaust pipe are ensured, and therefore the adhesion of spike scraps in the exhaust pipe is avoided; if the air flow is not turned back at the inlet of the air extraction pipe, part of grains are extracted, and the flow speed of the air flow of the drying cavity is limited.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the dryer.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the present dryer.
In the figure, 1, a first supporting seat; 11. an air inlet cavity; 12. an air inlet connecting pipe; 13. a feeding pipe; 2. a second supporting seat; 21. a discharge cavity; 22. a feed opening; 3. a rotating drum; 31. spiral guide sheets; 4. an exhaust pipe; 41. a connection part; 42. a cone portion; 43. a turning plate; 5. a speed reducing motor; 6. and (5) feeding into a hopper.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the drum-type grain dryer comprises a first supporting seat 1, a second supporting seat 2 and a horizontally arranged drum 3, wherein an air inlet cavity 11 is formed in the first supporting seat 1, a discharging cavity 21 is formed in the second supporting seat 2, two ends of the drum 3 are respectively and rotatably connected to the first supporting seat 1 and the second supporting seat 2, an exhaust pipe 4 coaxial with the drum 3 is arranged in the drum 3, a drying cavity is formed between the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 4 and the inner wall of the drum 3, one end of the exhaust pipe 4 close to the second supporting seat 2 is fixedly connected with the drum 3 through a connecting cover, the connecting cover comprises a connecting part 41 with a discharging hole and a cone part 42 with a vent hole, the vent hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe 4 and the drying cavity, one end of the exhaust pipe 4 close to the first supporting seat 1 is connected with an air inlet end of an exhaust fan, an air inlet connecting pipe 12 communicated with the outside and the air inlet cavity 11 is arranged on the first supporting seat 1, a heater is arranged in the air inlet connecting pipe 12, the air inlet cavity 11 is communicated with the drying cavity, the discharging cavity 21 is communicated with the drying cavity through the discharging hole, and the bottom of the discharging cavity 21 is provided with a discharging hole 22; the first supporting seat 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 13, and the outlet of the feeding pipe 13 extends to the inlet of the drying cavity.
The outer wall of the air extraction pipe 4 is provided with a spiral material guide plate 31 which can drive grains to be guided out towards the outlet direction of the drying cavity.
The inner wall of the drum 3 has a number of turning plates 43 parallel to the axis of the drum 3.
A gear motor 5 is arranged on the second supporting seat 2, and the gear motor 5 drives the exhaust pipe 4 to rotate.
The cone 42 is located inside the connecting portion 41, and the connecting portion 41 is located in the middle of the discharge chamber 21.
The air inlet cavity 11 and the drying cavity are in smooth transition through a guide cone.
The upper end of the feeding pipe 13 is provided with a feeding hopper 6.
The ratio of the outer diameter of the suction pipe 4 to the inner diameter of the drum 3 is less than 0.2.
The exhaust pipe 4 extends out of the first support seat 1 near one end of the first support seat 1 and is connected with the air inlet end of the exhaust fan, the air inlet connecting pipe 12 is an air inlet, a heater is arranged at the air inlet connecting pipe 12, air enters the air inlet cavity 11 from the air inlet connecting pipe 12, hot air enters the drying cavity from the air inlet cavity 11, grains to be dried enter from the feeding hopper 6, the discharging position is located in the drying cavity through the feeding pipe 13, along with the slow rotation of the rotary drum 3, the grains are frequently turned over under the action of the turning plate 43, part of the grains fall onto the exhaust pipe 4, the materials slowly move towards the outlet direction of the drying cavity under the action of the spiral guide plate 31, the hot air flows to dry the grains, the dried grains enter the discharging cavity 21 from the discharging hole, the hot air flows enter into the exhaust pipe 4 from the vent hole at the tail end of the drying cavity and are extracted by the exhaust fan.
It is difficult to see that, because the cereal is turned by the stirring plate 43, in the state of constantly promoting, whereabouts, make hot air current can act on the cereal that is lifted, this not only can improve the contact efficiency of hot air current and cereal, still make the circulation efficiency of air current higher, not full granule and ear of grain bits in the cereal that is lifted can efficient get into exhaust tube 4 under the effect of air current, and then be discharged, realize the sorting of cereal, sort cereal before the stoving in-process is selected separately, have efficient, select separately the accuracy good, select characteristics such as purity height.
On the one hand, the spiral guide piece can control the circulation direction of grains, the diameter of the exhaust pipe 4 is smaller, so that the moving speed of the grains in the drying cavity is slower, and the lifted grains only partially move along the circumferential direction of the drying cavity due to the action of the spiral guide piece, so that the grains are frequently lifted and frequently acted by hot air flow, and uniform drying and non-omission drying are realized.
The air flow after finishing the drying of the grains has certain heat energy although the humidity is larger, and the air flow is discharged in a backflow way through the air exhaust pipe 4, and the air flow in the drying cavity is used for heating the air exhaust pipe 4 by utilizing the heat conduction of the spiral guide piece, so that the environment with high humidity and low temperature is avoided in the air exhaust pipe 4, the non-condensation water drops in the air exhaust pipe 4 are ensured, and the adhesion of spike scraps in the air exhaust pipe 4 is avoided; if the air flow is not turned back at the inlet of the air extraction pipe 4, part of grains are extracted, and the flow rate of the air flow of the drying cavity is limited.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a drum-type grain dryer, its characterized in that includes supporting seat one (1), supporting seat two (2) and rotary drum (3) that the level was placed, have a feed cavity (11) in supporting seat one (1), have a ejection of compact chamber (21) in supporting seat two (2), the both ends of rotary drum (3) are rotated respectively and are connected on supporting seat one (1) and supporting seat two (2), be provided with in rotary drum (3) with rotary drum (3) coaxial exhaust tube (4), form a stoving chamber between exhaust tube (4) outer wall and rotary drum (3) inner wall, the one end that exhaust tube (4) is close to supporting seat two (2) is through a junction box and rotary drum (3) fixed link to each other, the junction box includes connecting portion (41) and the cone (42) that have the air vent that have the discharge opening, air vent intercommunication exhaust tube (4) inner chamber and stoving chamber, the one end that exhaust tube (4) is close to supporting seat one (1) is connected an air exhauster, be provided with on supporting seat one (1) and be provided with and be connected with inlet tube (11) and take over (12) and take over the air inlet opening (12) and take over the air vent through the air inlet opening (12) and the air inlet opening is provided with the feed through the air inlet tube (12, a discharging opening (22) is arranged at the bottom of the discharging cavity (21); the first supporting seat (1) is provided with a feeding pipe (13), and an outlet of the feeding pipe (13) extends to an inlet of the drying cavity;
A speed reducing motor (5) is arranged on the second supporting seat (2), and the speed reducing motor (5) drives the exhaust pipe (4) to rotate;
the cone part (42) is positioned on the inner side of the connecting part (41), and the connecting part (41) is positioned in the middle of the discharging cavity (21).
2. A drum-type grain dryer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall of the suction pipe (4) is provided with a spiral guide piece (31) which can drive grains out from the direction of the outlet of the drying chamber.
3. A drum-type grain dryer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the inner wall of the drum (3) has a number of turning plates (43) parallel to the axis of the drum (3).
4. A drum-type grain dryer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inlet chamber (11) and the drying chamber are smoothly transited by a guide cone.
5. A drum-type grain dryer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the feed pipe (13) is provided with a feed hopper (6).
6. A drum-type grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the outer diameter of the suction tube (4) to the inner diameter of the drum (3) is less than 0.2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210446285.6A CN114877664B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Drum-type grain dryer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210446285.6A CN114877664B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Drum-type grain dryer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114877664A CN114877664A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
| CN114877664B true CN114877664B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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ID=82670935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210446285.6A Active CN114877664B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Drum-type grain dryer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114877664B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN217330627U (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-30 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | Drum-type grain drying machine |
| CN218736990U (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-28 | 咸宁芽旗香茶业发展有限公司 | Continuous tea frying equipment |
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| GB191220448A (en) * | 1912-09-07 | 1913-09-08 | Friend Sykes | Improvements in or relating to Drying Apparatus for use with Materials, such as Wood-chips, Saw-dust, Grain, Peat and the like. |
| EP0033009A1 (en) * | 1980-01-29 | 1981-08-05 | Kockums Construction Aktiebolag | Method and equipment for treating chopped crops |
| JP3659397B2 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2005-06-15 | 株式会社京浜プランテック | Drying apparatus and drying method thereof |
| JP2001204450A (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-07-31 | Yokoyama Seisakusho:Kk | Rotary drum-type roasting machine |
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- 2022-04-26 CN CN202210446285.6A patent/CN114877664B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN217330627U (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-30 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | Drum-type grain drying machine |
| CN218736990U (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-28 | 咸宁芽旗香茶业发展有限公司 | Continuous tea frying equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN114877664A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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