CN114874721A - Photovoltaic adhesive film, solar cell module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic adhesive film, solar cell module and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114874721A CN114874721A CN202210698939.4A CN202210698939A CN114874721A CN 114874721 A CN114874721 A CN 114874721A CN 202210698939 A CN202210698939 A CN 202210698939A CN 114874721 A CN114874721 A CN 114874721A
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- adhesive film
- solar cell
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- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper indium Chemical compound [Cu].[In] HVMJUDPAXRRVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 106
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical group C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C09J123/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C09J123/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J129/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Adhesives based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J129/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/322—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of solar panels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/20—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself
- C09J2301/208—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive layer being constituted by at least two or more adjacent or superposed adhesive layers, e.g. multilayer adhesive
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A photovoltaic adhesive film, a solar cell module and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of solar cells and overcome the defects that a light conversion material in the prior art is narrow in short wave absorption range and low in improvement of the light quantum efficiency of the whole short wave region of the solar cell module. The photovoltaic adhesive film comprises more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises matrix resin and light conversion materials dispersed in the matrix resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different. The invention improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic adhesive film, a solar cell module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic adhesive film.
Background
With the development of industry, resources such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas are gradually depleted, solar energy is widely spotlighted as a clean renewable energy source, and solar photovoltaic is favored as a green renewable energy source for converting sunlight into electric energy, such as a crystalline silicon solar cell, a compound semiconductor solar cell, and a nanocrystalline photochemical solar cell. Up to now, crystalline silicon solar cells occupy about 90% of the photovoltaic market due to the advantages of mature technology, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, no toxicity, long service life and the like.
The forbidden band width of the crystal silicon is 1.1eV, and more than 40% of solar radiation photons can be absorbed and utilized. However, the surface charge recombination of the crystalline silicon solar cell module in the short-wave region is serious, the light reflection of the front glass, the absorption of the packaging material and other problems cause the light quantum efficiency of the device in the region to be lower, meanwhile, the temperature of the module is overhigh in the thermal relaxation process, the service life of the module is shortened, and the factors seriously limit the further improvement of the efficiency of the solar cell module.
The conversion of short wave photons into long wave photons with high response of crystalline silicon in a spanning manner by the light conversion material is a feasible method for improving the conversion efficiency. However, the short-wave response range of the existing light conversion material is narrow, and the improvement of the light conversion efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the light conversion material in the prior art is narrow in short wave absorption range and low in improvement of the light quantum efficiency of the whole short wave region of the solar cell module, and provides a photovoltaic adhesive film, the solar cell module and a preparation method thereof. By laminating multiple light conversion materials, the short wave response range can be continuously expanded, and the light conversion efficiency is improved.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic adhesive film, including two or more light conversion layers, each light conversion layer including a base resin and a light conversion material dispersed in the base resin, the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers being different.
Furthermore, different light conversion layers are sequentially overlapped according to the sequence of the absorption wave bands of the light conversion materials from short to long or from long to short.
Further, at least one of the following conditions (1) to (3) is satisfied:
(1) in each light conversion layer, the addition amount of the light conversion material is 0.1-10% of the mass of the matrix resin;
(2) the light conversion material is a lead-free perovskite quantum dot;
preferably, the lead-free perovskite quantum dot is Cs 3 Cu 2 Cl x Br y I 5-x-y 、CsCu 2 I 3 、Cs 4 SnCl m Br n I 6-m-n 、CsSnBr 3 、CsMnCl 3 Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, x + y is less than or equal to 5, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, and m + n is less than or equal to 6;
(3) the matrix resin is transparent resin; preferably at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin elastomer (POE), or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA).
In one possible design, the photovoltaic adhesive film comprises two light conversion layers, and the light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the photovoltaic adhesive film, which comprises the steps of respectively dispersing different light conversion materials in molten matrix resin to form uniform adhesive solution, and then carrying out extrusion, tape casting, pressing, traction and cooling to prepare the light conversion layer.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides an application of the photovoltaic adhesive film in a solar cell module.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a solar cell module, which comprises an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film or the photovoltaic adhesive film prepared by the preparation method;
in the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the light conversion layer dispersed with the light conversion material with shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
Further, at least one of the following conditions a-B is satisfied:
A. the solar cell layer material is any one of a cadmium telluride cell, a copper indium gallium selenide cell, a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell and a perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide tandem cell, preferably the crystalline silicon cell;
B. the back plate layer is a glass layer, and the lower packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film of any one of claims 1-4 or the photovoltaic adhesive film prepared by the preparation method of claim 5;
and in the lower packaging adhesive film layer, a light conversion layer dispersed with a light conversion material with a shorter absorption waveband is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising the following steps:
and sequentially laminating the upper glass layer, the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the solar cell layer, the lower packaging adhesive film layer and the back plate layer, and carrying out vacuum lamination to obtain the solar cell module.
Further, the vacuum lamination comprises: continuously vacuumizing for 5-20 min at 80-200 ℃, and laminating for 10-20 min under the pressure of 30-70 KPa.
Furthermore, the edge of the solar cell module is provided with a butyl rubber layer.
Further, the lower packaging adhesive film layer is a transparent packaging adhesive film layer.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention comprises more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises matrix resin and light conversion materials dispersed in the matrix resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different. The combined multiple light conversion layer utilizes different light conversion materials to superpose different short wave absorption ranges, enlarges the short wave absorption range and improves the absorption and conversion efficiency of short wave photons. The light conversion material is encapsulated by matrix resin, so that the stability of the light conversion material can be improved, and meanwhile, different light conversion materials are encapsulated in different light conversion layers, so that the influence of ion exchange between different light conversion materials on the stability of the material and the performance of a component can be effectively avoided.
2. In the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention, the light conversion material is perovskite quantum dots, and the perovskite quantum dots have larger Stokes shift (the light-emitting wavelength and the absorption range are not overlapped), so that the self-absorption process can be avoided. The perovskite quantum dots adopted by the invention are inorganic materials, have higher light stability, are not easy to decompose, have longer service life compared with organic light conversion materials, and have lower cost compared with rare earth doped organic materials. The perovskite quantum dots adopted by the invention have larger Stokes shift, can avoid the problem of low conversion rate caused by the fact that the absorption cut wavelength is too close to the emission wavelength and the emitted photons are re-absorbed by the perovskite quantum dots at a high probability, convert short-wave photons with lower absorption utilization rate into long-wave photons with high utilization rate in a spanning manner for the absorption of a solar cell, and improve the conversion efficiency and the performance of a component.
3. In the photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention, the light conversion material is a lead-free perovskite quantum dot, is environment-friendly and has high stability.
4. The photovoltaic adhesive film provided by the invention comprises two light conversion layers, wherein a light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
By using Cs 4 SnBr 6 On the basis of the short-wave-band light conversion material with relatively large absorption range, the light conversion material Cs with higher light quantum efficiency is superposed 3 Cu 2 I 5 The advantages of materials with wide absorption range, low quantum efficiency, high quantum efficiency and narrow absorption range are integrated, and synchronous promotion of absorption wave band and light quantum efficiency is achieved.
5. The solar cell module provided by the invention comprises an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is a photovoltaic adhesive film; the light conversion layer dispersed with the light conversion material with shorter absorption wave band in the upper packaging adhesive film layer is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer. Through set up the photovoltaic glued membrane between last glass layer and solar cell layer, can improve the shortwave response of solar cell layer to through the combination of multiple light conversion material, realize widening of shortwave absorption range and the improvement of light quantum efficiency simultaneously, solve the poor, narrow, the regional light quantum efficiency of whole shortwave of solar cell shortwave response and promote lower problem. Meanwhile, through the light conversion effect of the light conversion material, the thermal relaxation of the light conversion layer and the component temperature can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the solar cell is prolonged.
The light conversion layer containing the light conversion material with a shorter absorption waveband is arranged on the upper layer, so that the energy loss caused by the fact that short-wave photons cannot be effectively utilized by the surface layer material can be avoided.
6. The preparation method of the solar cell module provided by the invention has no influence on the existing packaging process, saves the cost, is easy to operate and is environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper package layer in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell module according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows the absorption and emission spectra before and after lamination of different light conversion materials in example 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1 a first light conversion layer, 2 a second light conversion layer, 3 a light conversion material, 4 an upper glass layer, 5 an upper packaging adhesive film layer, 6 a solar cell layer, 7 a lower packaging adhesive film layer and 8 a back plate layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the solar cell module of the present embodiment includes, from top to bottom, an upper glass layer 4, an upper encapsulation adhesive film layer 5, a solar cell layer 6, a lower encapsulation adhesive film layer 7, and a back sheet layer 8; last encapsulation glued membrane layer 5 in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 1, including first light conversion layer 1 and second light conversion layer 2, goes up glass layer 4 and is ultrawhite glass, and solar cell layer 6 is the crystal silicon battery piece, and lower encapsulation glued membrane layer 7 is transparent POE encapsulation glued membrane, and backplate layer 8 is the aluminum alloy backplate.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a solar cell module, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the first light-converting layer 1:
the light conversion material 3 of the first light conversion layer 1 is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The matrix resin is POE (manufacturer Mitsui chemical, model DF 8200). Mixing Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 10g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
And adding the mixed raw materials into a double-screw melt extruder, heating to 260 ℃, extruding and casting under the pressure of 45MPa, wherein the casting speed is 2m/min, and obtaining the first light conversion layer 1 with the thickness of 500 um.
(2) Preparation of the second light-converting layer 2:
the light conversion material 3 of the second light conversion layer 2 is Cs 4 SnBr 6 And the matrix resin is POE. Mixing Cs 4 SnBr 6 Perovskite contentSub-dots 10g and 500g POE master batch were mixed uniformly.
And adding the mixed raw materials into a double-screw melt extruder, heating to 260 ℃, extruding and casting under the pressure of 45MPa, wherein the casting speed is 2m/min, and obtaining the second light conversion layer 2 with the thickness of 500 um.
(3) Super white glass, first light conversion layer 1, second light conversion layer 2, crystalline silicon battery piece (156X 156 polycrystalline silicon solar cell piece that tanzhou city sea peak photovoltaic provided), transparent POE encapsulation glued membrane, aluminum alloy backplate are laminated in proper order to top-down, and the glass edge is provided with the butyl glue film, and the butyl glue film thickness is 500um, and the width is 5 mm.
(4) And (3) placing the laminated material in a laminating machine, heating to 145 ℃, continuously vacuumizing for 10min, and then laminating for 15min under the pressure of 60KPa to obtain the laminated solar cell module.
Fig. 3 shows the absorption and emission spectra before and after lamination of the different light conversion materials in example 1. PLE is the excitation spectrum and PL is the emission spectrum. Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light absorption wave band is about 300nm, and is a light conversion material with a short light absorption wave band, Cs 4 SnBr 6 Can still respond in the longer wavelength band of 300-400nm, and is a light conversion material with longer light absorption band, therefore, the light conversion material 3 is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 Is arranged above the first light-converting layer 1, the light-converting material 3 is Cs 4 SnBr 6 Below the second light conversion layer 2. As can be seen in fig. 3: (1) the absorption and emission of the used light conversion materials are almost not overlapped, namely, the emitted light can not be absorbed by the light conversion materials, so that the self-absorption process is avoided; (2) by superposing the light conversion layers, the whole absorption and light emitting range is larger, and the light conversion device has a wider light conversion range and higher light conversion efficiency.
Example 2
This example is substantially the same as example 1 in the preparation of the solar cell module, except that the base resins POE of the first and second light-converting layers 1 and 2 were replaced with EVA (korean manufacturer LG, model EP33045), and the melt extrusion pressure at the time of the preparation of the first and second light-converting layers 1 and 2 was 40 MPa.
Example 3
This example is substantially the same as example 1 in the preparation of the solar cell module, except that the base resins POE of the first and second light-converting layers 1 and 2 were replaced with PVB (in a Xin photovoltaic grade), and the melt extrusion temperature at the time of preparing the first and second light-converting layers 1 and 2 was 220 ℃ and the extrusion pressure was 35 MPa.
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that the light conversion material Cs in the first light conversion layer 1 is provided 3 Cu 2 I 5 Replacement by Cs 3 Cu 2 Br 2.5 I 2.5 。
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 only in that Cs in (1) 3 Cu 2 I 5 Replacement by Cs 3 Cu 2 Br 5 。
Example 6
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that Cs in the first light-converting layer 1 3 Cu 2 I 5 0.5g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed. Cs of second light-converting layer 2 4 SnBr 6 0.5g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
Example 7
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that Cs in the first light-converting layer 1 3 Cu 2 I 5 50g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed. Cs of second light-converting layer 2 4 SnBr 6 50g of perovskite quantum dots and 500g of POE master batch are uniformly mixed.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that in the solar cell module, the upper packaging adhesive film layer 5 is formed by melting, extruding and casting POE master batch only, and perovskite quantum dots are not added.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example differs from example 1 in that, in the solar cell module, only the second light-converting layer 2 is used, without the first light-converting layer 1.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example is different from example 1 only in that the up-down positions of the first light-converting layer 1 and the second light-converting layer 2 in the solar cell module are interchanged.
The test results in the examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance of the cell assemblies of the examples and comparative examples
| PCE％ | Short circuit current/mA/cm 2 | |
| Example 1 | 24.9 | 43.1 |
| Example 2 | 24.8 | 43.0 |
| Example 3 | 24.3 | 42.3 |
| Example 4 | 23.6 | 41.2 |
| Example 5 | 23.8 | 41.9 |
| Example 6 | 23.1 | 41.1 |
| Example 7 | 22.9 | 40.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 21.9 | 39.0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22.2 | 39.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 20.9 | 38.1 |
The PCE is the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
As can be seen from table 1, compared with a solar cell module in which no light conversion material is disposed, only one light conversion layer is disposed, or a light conversion layer containing a light conversion material with a shorter absorption band is disposed on a side close to a solar cell layer, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly improved.
In comparative example 3, the light conversion layer containing a light conversion material having a shorter absorption band is disposed as a lower layer, and it is possible to promote a nonradiative thermal relaxation process, and short-wavelength photons are not effectively utilized by the surface layer material to cause energy loss, resulting in a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The photovoltaic adhesive film is characterized by comprising more than two light conversion layers, wherein each light conversion layer comprises a base resin and a light conversion material dispersed in the base resin, and the light conversion materials in different light conversion layers are different.
2. The photovoltaic film of claim 1, wherein the different light conversion layers are sequentially stacked according to the absorption wavelength band of the light conversion material from short to long or from long to short.
3. The photovoltaic adhesive film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the following conditions (1) to (3) is satisfied:
(1) in each light conversion layer, the addition amount of the light conversion material is 0.1-10% of the mass of the matrix resin;
(2) the light conversion material is a lead-free perovskite quantum dot;
preferably, the lead-free perovskite quantum dot is Cs 3 Cu 2 Cl x Br y I 5-x-y 、CsCu 2 I 3 、Cs 4 SnCl m Br n I 6-m-n 、CsSnBr 3 、CsMnCl 3 Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5, x + y is less than or equal to 5, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 6, and m + n is less than or equal to 6;
(3) the matrix resin is transparent resin; preferably at least one of polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin elastomer or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
4. The film according to claim 3, wherein the film comprises two light conversion layers, and the light conversion material in the first light conversion layer is Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 The light conversion material in the second light conversion layer is Cs 4 SnBr 6 。
5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises dispersing different light conversion materials in a molten matrix resin respectively to form a uniform adhesive solution, and then performing extrusion, tape casting, pressing, traction and cooling to obtain the light conversion layer.
6. Use of the photovoltaic adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the photovoltaic adhesive film prepared by the preparation method according to claim 5 in a solar cell module.
7. A solar cell module is characterized by comprising an upper glass layer, an upper packaging adhesive film layer, a solar cell layer, a lower packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate layer from top to bottom; the upper packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the photovoltaic adhesive film prepared by the preparation method of claim 5;
in the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the light conversion layer dispersed with the light conversion material with shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein at least one of the following conditions a-B is satisfied:
A. the solar cell layer material is any one of a cadmium telluride cell, a copper indium gallium selenide cell, a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell and a perovskite-copper indium gallium selenide tandem cell, preferably the crystalline silicon cell;
B. the back plate layer is a glass layer, and the lower packaging adhesive film layer is the photovoltaic adhesive film of any one of claims 1-4 or the photovoltaic adhesive film prepared by the preparation method of claim 5;
in the lower packaging adhesive film layer, the light conversion layer dispersed with the light conversion material with shorter absorption wave band is arranged on one side far away from the solar cell layer.
9. A method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 7 or 8, comprising the steps of:
and sequentially laminating the upper glass layer, the upper packaging adhesive film layer, the solar cell layer, the lower packaging adhesive film layer and the back plate layer, and performing vacuum lamination to obtain the solar cell module.
10. The method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the vacuum lamination comprises: continuously vacuumizing for 5-20 min at 80-200 ℃, and laminating for 10-20 min under the pressure of 30-70 KPa.
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| CN104927686A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-23 | 杭州福斯特光伏材料股份有限公司 | Solar cell packaging adhesive film with high light conversion efficiency |
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