CN114873455A - Bridge crane track deformation measuring method - Google Patents
Bridge crane track deformation measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114873455A CN114873455A CN202210460558.2A CN202210460558A CN114873455A CN 114873455 A CN114873455 A CN 114873455A CN 202210460558 A CN202210460558 A CN 202210460558A CN 114873455 A CN114873455 A CN 114873455A
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- track
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bridge crane track deformation measuring method, which belongs to the technical field of track detection and comprises the following steps: a receiver is arranged on one side of the track. The measuring vehicle moves from one end of the track to the other end of the track, and a calibration signal is sent to the receiver in real time in the moving process of the measuring vehicle. And fitting the current space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the receiving position of the calibration signal received by the receiver, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver. And judging the fitting surface of the track at the current position according to the space angle, and integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the track. According to the bridge crane track deformation measuring method, the deformation condition of the track is determined through the angle change of the measuring vehicle, the obtained data is more visual, various deformations of the track can be detected, and accurate data support is provided for track repair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail detection, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the deformation of a bridge crane rail.
Background
The crane track is a main device for the crane to walk, and parameters such as the straightness of the track are important factors for the safe and stable operation of the crane. Due to rail gnawing of wheels of the crane, failure of a rail pressing device and various other reasons, the straightness of a rail of the crane cart is reduced, the geometric dimension of a rail gauge is out of limit, and the like, the safety and stability of a traveling mechanism of the crane cart and the service life of a steel rail are seriously affected.
The traditional method for adjusting the crane track mainly depends on visual and empirical judgment, and the method is low in adjustment precision and difficult to meet the requirement. The existing methods are based on corresponding sensors for measurement, but an effective determination of the overall situation of the rail is still not possible, which leads to a considerable degree of vibration during operation of the crane even after the repair.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bridge crane track deformation measuring method, and aims to solve the problem that the deformation condition of a track cannot be effectively judged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for measuring the deformation of the track of the bridge crane comprises the following steps:
erecting a receiver on one side of the track;
enabling the measuring vehicle to move from one end of the track to the other end of the track, and sending a calibration signal to the receiver in real time in the moving process of the measuring vehicle;
fitting the current space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the receiving position of the calibration signal received by the receiver, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver;
and judging a fitting surface of the track at the current position according to the space angle, and integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the track.
In one possible implementation, the moving the measuring vehicle from one end of the track to the other end includes:
sending a position signal to a receiving plate at the end part of the track by the measuring vehicle;
determining the distance between the receiving plate and the measuring vehicle and the position point for receiving the position signal through the receiving plate and the position signal;
and when the distance between the position points at different moments exceeds a threshold value, adjusting the angle of the measuring vehicle.
In one possible implementation, the calibration signal emission angle in combination with the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver comprises:
and determining the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the relative position between the receiver and the track and the relative position between the measuring vehicle and the track.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to the receiving position of the receiver to receive the calibration signal, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver includes:
and when the receiving position and the transmitting angle exceed the maximum preset standard, recording the position of the measuring vehicle at the moment for subsequent repair.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to the receiving position of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver includes:
the calibration signal sequentially passes through a first induction sleeve and a second induction sleeve on the receiver, and the state of the contact part of the first induction sleeve and the second induction sleeve with the calibration signal is changed to form the receiving position;
and determining the transmitting angle according to the receiving positions on the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve.
In a possible implementation manner, the fitting out the current spatial angle of the measurement vehicle further includes:
and checking the space angle according to a gyroscope on the measuring vehicle.
In a possible implementation manner, the fitting out the current spatial angle of the measurement vehicle includes:
calibrating the receiver and the measuring trolley in a space coordinate system according to the relative position of the measuring trolley and the receiver;
and deflecting the measuring trolley by a corresponding angle from a calibration position according to the receiving position and the transmitting angle in the space coordinate system, and taking the deflected angle as the space angle.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to the spatial angle, a fitting surface of the track at the current position includes:
and fitting the fitting surface contacted with the roller of the measuring vehicle below the measuring vehicle.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to the spatial angle, a fitting surface of the contact surface of the rail at the current position includes:
and determining a contact point of the track and a roller of the measuring vehicle, and adjusting the fitting surface according to the angle of the contact point relative to the measuring vehicle.
In a possible implementation manner, the integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the rail includes:
determining a model of the track according to the fitting surfaces at different positions;
and determining the deformation condition according to the model, determining the maximum deformation position according to the model and repairing.
The bridge crane track deformation measuring method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the bridge crane track deformation measuring method has the advantages that the measuring vehicle can send a calibration signal to the receiver in real time in the moving process. And determining a receiving position according to the position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal, and fitting the space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the transmitting angle and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the track. The change of the track can directly reflect the space angle of the measuring vehicle, the fitting surface of the current position of the track can be determined through the space angle, and finally the deformation condition of the track is determined through the fitting surfaces at different positions.
In this application, the orbital deformation condition is confirmed through the angle change of measuring the car, and the data that obtain are more directly perceived, can detect out orbital multiple deformation, provide accurate data support for orbital restoration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring deformation of a bridge crane rail according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for measuring the deformation of a track of a bridge crane according to the present invention will now be described. The bridge crane track deformation measuring method comprises the following steps:
a receiver is arranged on one side of the track.
The measuring vehicle moves from one end of the track to the other end of the track, and a calibration signal is sent to the receiver in real time in the moving process of the measuring vehicle.
And fitting the current space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the receiving position of the calibration signal received by the receiver, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver.
And judging the fitting surface of the track at the current position according to the space angle, and integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the track.
The bridge crane track deformation measuring method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the bridge crane track deformation measuring method has the advantages that the measuring vehicle can send a calibration signal to the receiver in real time in the moving process. And determining a receiving position according to the position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal, and fitting the space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the transmitting angle and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the track. The change of the track can directly reflect the space angle of the measuring vehicle, the fitting surface of the current position of the track can be determined through the space angle, and finally the deformation condition of the track is determined through the fitting surfaces at different positions.
In this application, the orbital deformation condition is confirmed through the angle change of measuring the car, and the data that obtain are more directly perceived, can detect out orbital multiple deformation, provide accurate data support for orbital restoration.
The bridge crane comprises two parallel guide rails, and the crane moves along the length direction of the guide rails so as to complete the work of hoisting, transferring and the like of objects. The crane is connected with the lifted object through the traction rope, the crane vibrates due to the unevenness of the track, the vibration can enable the object to shake to a greater degree through the amplification of the traction rope, and therefore the guide rail is the key for ensuring the stable operation of the crane.
When the track unevenness exceeds a certain threshold, the track unevenness can be sensed by a related sensor, and various methods for measuring the track unevenness exist in the prior art, but the method mainly utilizes the sensor and the like to carry out simple detection with lower precision. More importantly, even if the position where the deformation occurs can be determined and repaired, the crane still cannot stably run along the track, because the small deformation still causes the crane to vibrate in a large amplitude.
Therefore, in combination with the prior art, it is necessary to provide an accurate and efficient rail unevenness measurement method, which can reflect the real situation of the rail, so as to provide powerful data support for stable operation of the crane.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, moving the measuring vehicle from one end of the rail to the other end comprises:
the measuring carriage sends a position signal to a receiving plate at the end of the rail.
And determining the distance between the receiving plate and the measuring vehicle and the position point for receiving the position signal through the receiving plate and the position signal.
And when the distance between the position points at different moments exceeds a threshold value, adjusting the angle of the measuring vehicle.
When the measuring vehicle runs to a position where deformation occurs, the measuring vehicle inclines due to the deformation of the track, the position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal changes after the measuring vehicle inclines, the space angle of the measuring vehicle can be determined through the receiver and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the track, and the shape of the deformed track can be determined due to the fact that the roller at the bottom of the measuring vehicle is in contact with the track, so that powerful data support can be provided for repairing the track. In an embodiment, when the track is not deformed and the receiver extends to the height of the track, the calibration signals sent by the measuring vehicle are only received by the same position of the receiver, and the flatness of the track can be determined to meet the requirement.
In order to be able to determine the position of the measuring vehicle accurately, it is necessary to determine how long the measuring vehicle has traveled along the track. In order to enable real-time and efficient pick-up, distance sensors are therefore mounted on the measuring carriage, while a receiving plate is mounted at the end of the rail. The distance sensor sends a position signal to be used for measuring the distance between the calibration plate, the receiving plate transmits information to the upper computer through a controller and the like, and the upper computer is in communication connection with the receiver and is used for judging the space angle of the measuring vehicle according to the distance fed back by the angle combination receiving plate of the signal received by the receiver. When the measuring vehicle moves away from the track, the calibration signal received by the receiver changes, which affects the accuracy of the result, and the perfect condition is that the measuring vehicle moves along the length direction of the track all the time.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, calibrating the emission angle of the signal and combining the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver comprises:
the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver is determined from the relative position between the receiver and the track and the relative position of the measuring vehicle and the track.
Due to the fact that the deformation types on the track are various, in order to improve the measuring accuracy, the receiver can receive the calibration signal, and can determine the position and the area of the received calibration signal, and the receiver can determine the angle at which the calibration signal is emitted.
Firstly, the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the track needs to be determined, and the position of the receiver relative to the track is also determined in advance, so that the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver can be determined through the upper computer. The measuring vehicle sends out a calibration signal at a certain angle, and the transmitter sends out the calibration signal at a certain angle all the time because the position of the transmitter used for sending out the calibration signal on the measuring vehicle relative to the measuring vehicle is determined. Assuming that the receiver sends a calibration signal to the measuring vehicle in the opposite direction, the spatial angle of the measuring vehicle can be determined according to the relative position of the receiver and the measuring vehicle, the shape of the track below the measuring vehicle can be determined according to the spatial angle of the measuring vehicle, and after the measuring vehicle moves from the starting point to the end point, the unevenness of the whole track can be determined.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the receiving position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal include:
and when the receiving position and the transmitting angle exceed the maximum preset standard, recording the position of the measuring vehicle at the moment for subsequent repair.
The receiver judges the change of the position of the received calibration signal and determines whether the deformation of the track exceeds a threshold value according to the amplitude of the position change.
The embodiment is that when the track is horizontally arranged and the transmitter sends out the calibration signal in the horizontal range, and the position of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal is at the same height as the transmitter, then when the measuring vehicle moves to the flat track position, the position of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal does not change, when the measuring vehicle moves to the uneven track position, both the receiving position and the transmitting angle change, and when the change amplitude exceeds the preset standard, the position of the measuring vehicle is recorded, thereby facilitating the subsequent repair of the track at the position.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the receiving position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal include:
the calibration signal sequentially passes through the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve on the receiver, and the state of the contact part of the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve with the calibration signal is changed, so that a receiving position is formed.
And determining the transmitting angle according to the receiving positions on the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve.
When the measuring vehicle sends out the calibration signal, the part position of the receiver can sense the calibration signal and can determine the emitting angle of the calibration signal. In one embodiment, the measuring vehicle emits a light beam with a certain wavelength, and the light beam is emitted in a fan shape by the emitter on the measuring vehicle, so that the receiver can effectively receive the calibration signal. The receiver is provided with a first induction sleeve and a second induction sleeve, and the first induction sleeve is sleeved on the inner side of the second induction sleeve. The calibration signal can pass through first response cover and shine on the second response cover, because the calibration signal is certain light beam, the illumination intensity of first response cover and second response cover corresponding position will change after shining first response cover and second response cover so that can determine which state of position has taken place the change, and this state change is finally for receiving position. When the calibration signal passes through the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve in an inclined mode, the changing heights of the states of the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve are different, and the deviation of the states of the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve changing positions is picked up and taken out, so that the transmission angle, namely the propagation angle of the calibration signal, can be judged.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, fitting the current spatial angle of the measuring vehicle further includes:
and checking the spatial angle according to a gyroscope on the measuring vehicle.
In general, the bridge crane track has a certain width, and the deformation of the track is not deformed in a specific direction, so that when the measuring vehicle travels to the deformed track area, the spatial angle of the measuring vehicle is inclined, and although the transmitting angle of the calibration signal can be judged through the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve, a certain error exists. In order to improve the accuracy of data, a gyroscope is arranged in the measuring vehicle and used for sensing the deflection direction and angle of the measuring vehicle, the gyroscope can transmit the deflection direction and angle to an upper computer, and the upper computer checks the transmission angle of the obtained calibration signal according to a signal fed back by the gyroscope. If there is a difference between the two, this is set as the suspicious point, and the actual examination is performed manually.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measuring method provided by the present application, fitting the current spatial angle of the measuring vehicle includes:
and calibrating the receiver and the measuring trolley in a space coordinate system according to the relative position of the measuring trolley and the receiver.
And deflecting the measuring trolley by a corresponding angle from the calibration position according to the receiving position and the transmitting angle in a space coordinate system, and taking the deflected angle as a space angle.
Firstly, a receiver is marked out in a space coordinate system, and then a model of the measuring vehicle is built and added into the space coordinate system. And determining the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the position of the receiver relative to the track and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the track. According to the receiving position and the transmitting angle, the calibration signal sent by the measuring vehicle at any space angle can be determined, if the calibration signal is deformed, the angles of the track and the measuring vehicle can be changed, and the relative position of the measuring vehicle and the track can not be changed in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the measuring vehicle. Even if the deformation occurs, the axial direction of the rail cannot be changed, and the moving direction of the measuring vehicle cannot be changed, so that the influence of other factors is eliminated, and the spatial angle of the measuring vehicle can reflect the deformation condition of the rail.
It is particularly pointed out that the measuring vehicle does not deviate relative to the rail during movement. Since the position of the measuring carriage relative to the rail is already determined in the spatial coordinate system, the shape of the rail at the time can be determined from the rollers of the measuring carriage.
In some embodiments of the method for measuring deformation of a track of a bridge crane provided by the present application, determining a fitting surface of the track at the current position according to the spatial angle includes:
and fitting a fitting surface in contact with the roller of the measuring vehicle below the measuring vehicle.
In order to improve the detection precision, a calibration signal sent by the measuring vehicle is transmitted along a large-angle straight line. The embodiment is that a transmitter for transmitting the calibration signal is arranged on the measuring vehicle, the transmitter is arranged on the side surface of the measuring vehicle close to the receiver, and the calibration signal transmitted by the transmitter can be spread in a horizontal 180-degree range from the side surface of the measuring vehicle. The top of the receiver is higher than the top surface of the track, and the bottom of the receiver is lower than the bottom surface of the track, so that the receiver can effectively receive the calibration signal.
Because the measuring vehicle and the track are separated by a certain distance, the deformation condition on the track can be amplified through the measuring vehicle and the calibration signal, and the deformation degree of the track can be detected more easily.
In some embodiments of the method for measuring deformation of a bridge crane rail provided by the present application, determining a fitting surface of the rail on a contact surface at a current position according to a spatial angle includes:
and determining a contact point of the track and a roller of the measuring vehicle, and adjusting the fitting surface according to the angle of the contact point relative to the measuring vehicle.
Because the track is wide, and in order to ensure that the measuring vehicle can stably move, at least two rollers need to be installed on the measuring vehicle. If a deformation occurs in the track, the bottom of the measuring vehicle wheel may not be in contact with the track at some point when the measuring vehicle is running on the deformed track, which may degrade the final measurement. In order to solve the problem, the stress sensor is installed on each roller in the application and sleeved on the roller. The stress sensor is used to determine the contact point of the rail with the roller and the position of the contact point relative to the roller.
After the space angle of the measuring vehicle is determined through the calibration signal, the position of the current track relative to the measuring vehicle can be determined through the stress sensors, so that the shape of the track can be fitted more accurately, and more visual data can be provided for judging the unevenness of the track.
In some embodiments of the bridge crane rail deformation measurement method provided by the application, the step of integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the rail includes:
and determining a model of the track according to the fitting surfaces at different positions.
And determining the deformation condition according to the model, determining the maximum deformation position according to the model and repairing.
The measuring vehicle can send out a calibration signal to the outside in a range, in order to enable the receiver to receive the calibration signal, the angle of the sent calibration signal is required to be as large as possible, and in practical application, the measuring vehicle sends out a plurality of calibration signals in a fan-shaped shape. In an embodiment, when the track surface is not deformed and the sector of the calibration signal emitted by the measuring vehicle is parallel to the length direction of the track, the receiving position of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal is kept unchanged. When the surface of the track deforms, the space angle of the measuring vehicle correspondingly changes, and after the space angle of the measuring vehicle changes, the area of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal also changes. The orbital shape in below just can be determined through the space angle of measuring the car, because the measuring car is from orbital one end motion to the other end, so after the measuring car motion is accomplished, just can fit out whole orbital model, the model of fitting out this moment be with the contact surface of measuring car gyro wheel contact, because orbital model can show on the host computer to judge the condition that the track warp to take place more easily.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The bridge crane track deformation measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
erecting a receiver on one side of the track;
enabling the measuring vehicle to move from one end of the track to the other end of the track, and sending a calibration signal to the receiver in real time in the moving process of the measuring vehicle;
fitting a current space angle of the measuring vehicle according to a receiving position of the receiver for receiving the calibration signal, the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver;
and judging a fitting surface of the track at the current position according to the space angle, and integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation condition of the track.
2. A bridge crane track deformation measuring method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said moving the measuring vehicle from one end of the track to the other end comprises:
sending a position signal to a receiving plate at the end part of the track by the measuring vehicle;
determining the distance between the receiving plate and the measuring vehicle and the position point for receiving the position signal through the receiving plate and the position signal;
and when the distance between the position points at different moments exceeds a threshold value, adjusting the angle of the measuring vehicle.
3. A bridge crane track deformation measuring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calibration signal emission angle in combination with the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver comprises:
and determining the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the relative position between the receiver and the track and the relative position between the measuring vehicle and the track.
4. The bridge crane track deformation measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the receiving position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal comprise:
and when the receiving position and the transmitting angle exceed the maximum preset standard, recording the position of the measuring vehicle at the moment for subsequent repair.
5. The bridge crane track deformation measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting angle of the calibration signal and the position of the measuring vehicle relative to the receiver according to the receiving position of the receiver receiving the calibration signal comprise:
the calibration signal sequentially passes through a first induction sleeve and a second induction sleeve on the receiver, and the state of the contact part of the first induction sleeve and the second induction sleeve with the calibration signal is changed to form the receiving position;
and determining the transmitting angle according to the receiving positions on the first sensing sleeve and the second sensing sleeve.
6. The bridge crane rail deformation measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the fitting of the current spatial angle of the measuring vehicle further comprises:
and checking the space angle according to a gyroscope on the measuring vehicle.
7. The bridge crane track deformation measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the fitting out the current spatial angle of the measuring vehicle comprises:
calibrating the receiver and the measuring trolley in a space coordinate system according to the relative position of the measuring trolley and the receiver;
and deflecting the measuring trolley by a corresponding angle from a calibration position according to the receiving position and the transmitting angle in the space coordinate system, and taking the deflected angle as the space angle.
8. The method for measuring the deformation of the rail of the bridge crane according to claim 1, wherein the determining the fitting surface of the rail at the current position according to the spatial angle comprises:
and fitting the fitting surface contacted with the roller of the measuring vehicle below the measuring vehicle.
9. The method for measuring the deformation of the rail of the bridge crane according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the fitting surface of the contact surface of the rail at the current position according to the space angle comprises:
and determining a contact point of the track and a roller of the measuring vehicle, and adjusting the fitting surface according to the angle of the contact point relative to the measuring vehicle.
10. The bridge crane rail deformation measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the step of integrating the fitting surfaces at different positions to determine the deformation of the rail comprises the steps of:
determining a model of the track according to the fitting surfaces at different positions;
and determining the deformation condition according to the model, determining the maximum deformation position according to the model and repairing.
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