CN114871988A

CN114871988A - Disassembling tool

Info

Publication number: CN114871988A
Application number: CN202110167327.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑思凯; 涂卫强; 朱亮; 杨波
Original assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Current assignee: AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-05
Filing date: 2021-02-05
Publication date: 2022-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-05
Also published as: CN114871988B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical part dismounting, in particular to a dismounting tool, which comprises: a substrate; the clamping mechanism comprises four connecting rods and four connecting shafts, the four connecting rods are connected end to end through the four connecting shafts to form a parallelogram, two connecting shafts positioned on a first diagonal of the parallelogram are respectively a first shaft and a second shaft, the first shaft is fixedly connected with the base body, the second shaft is connected with the base body and moves between a first position and a second position relative to the base body, when the second diagonal of the parallelogram is positioned at the first position, the length of the second diagonal of the parallelogram is smaller than the size of an opening of a disassembled piece, and when the second diagonal of the parallelogram is positioned at the second position, the length of the second diagonal of the parallelogram is larger than the size of the opening; and the force application mechanism is connected with the base body and applies acting force for driving the clamping mechanism to take out the disassembled part from the mounting cavity to the base body. Therefore, the disassembled and assembled parts in the mounting cavity can be conveniently taken out, and the disassembled and assembled parts can be disassembled.

Description

Disassembling tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical part dismounting, in particular to a dismounting tool.

Background

Some mechanical parts installed in the installation cavity have the problem of inconvenient disassembly and assembly. For example, there is no special assembly and disassembly tool for the breather pipe front support installed in the installation cavity of the low-pressure turbine shaft, but a long rod is usually inserted from the rear end of the low-pressure turbine shaft, and the breather pipe front support is ejected out of the installation cavity, so as to realize the disassembly of the breather pipe front support.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a disassembling tool which is convenient for disassembling a disassembled part in an installation cavity.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mounting/dismounting tool for mounting/dismounting a mounted/dismounted member having an inner cavity and an opening communicating with the inner cavity in a mounting cavity, comprising:

a substrate;

the clamping mechanism comprises four connecting rods and four connecting shafts, the four connecting rods are connected end to end through the four connecting shafts to form a parallelogram, two connecting shafts positioned on a first diagonal of the parallelogram are respectively a first shaft and a second shaft, the first shaft is fixedly connected with the base body, the second shaft is connected with the base body and moves between a first position and a second position relative to the base body, when the clamping mechanism is positioned at the first position, the length of a second diagonal of the parallelogram is smaller than the size of the opening, so that the clamping mechanism can enter the inner cavity through the opening, and when the clamping mechanism is positioned at the second position, the length of the second diagonal of the parallelogram is larger than the size of the opening, so that the clamping mechanism entering the inner cavity can be clamped on the end face of the opening facing the inner cavity; and

and the force application mechanism is connected with the base body and applies acting force for driving the clamping mechanism to take the disassembled part out of the mounting cavity to the base body.

In some embodiments, the disassembly and assembly tool further comprises a locking mechanism that locks the second shaft in the second position when the second shaft is moved to the second position.

In some embodiments, the locking mechanism includes a lug and a locking pin, the lug is connected with the second shaft, the lug is provided with a limiting hole, the base body is provided with a positioning hole, and when the second shaft moves to the second position, the locking pin passes through the limiting hole and the positioning hole to lock the second shaft.

In some embodiments, the base body is provided with a sliding groove, the base body is connected with a second shaft through the sliding groove, and the second shaft moves between a first position and a second position along the sliding groove.

In some embodiments, the force application mechanism further applies an acting force to the base body to drive the clamping mechanism to load the disassembled and assembled part into the installation cavity.

In some embodiments, the force applying mechanism includes a slide bar, a slide hammer and a first stopper, the slide bar is connected with the base body, the first stopper is fixedly arranged on the slide bar, the slide hammer is slidably arranged on the slide bar and is located between the first stopper and the base body, and the slide hammer applies the acting force to the base body to be taken out from the mounting cavity by the dismounting member when impacting the first stopper.

In some embodiments, the force applying mechanism further comprises a second stop fixed on the slide rod and located between the sliding hammer and the base body, and the sliding hammer applies acting force to the base body to load the disassembled part into the mounting cavity when impacting the second stop.

In some embodiments, the base includes a base and a positioning plate, the four connecting rods are located between the base and the positioning plate, the first shaft and the second shaft are both connected with the base, the second shaft penetrates through the positioning plate and protrudes towards a direction far away from the base relative to the positioning plate, the force application mechanism is connected with the positioning plate, and the positioning plate is clamped on an open end face far away from the inner cavity when the clamping mechanism is clamped on the open end face towards the inner cavity.

In some embodiments, a side surface of the positioning plate facing the base is provided with a stop step, and the positioning plate is clamped on an end surface of the opening, which faces away from the inner cavity, through the stop step.

In some embodiments, in the extending direction of the second diagonal line, two side edges of the positioning plate are located between the two connecting shafts located on the second diagonal line.

Under the matching of the clamping mechanism and the force application mechanism, the dismounting tool provided by the embodiment of the invention can conveniently take out the dismounted component in the mounting cavity, so that the dismounted component is dismounted.

Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a breather tube front mount within a low-pressure turbine shaft.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a state where the disassembling tool is engaged with the front support of the vent pipe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a first perspective view of the assembly and disassembly tool in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a second perspective view of the assembly and disassembly tool of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the assembly and disassembly tool in an embodiment of the present invention, with the force applying mechanism omitted.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the engaging mechanism in the first position of the second shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the second shaft of the engaging mechanism in the second position according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a base in an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a positioning plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a force applying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a force applying mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a disassembling tool; 20. a disassembled and assembled piece; 201. an inner cavity; 202. an opening; 203. a flange table; 30. a housing member; 301. a mounting cavity; 40. a breather pipe front support; 50. a low-pressure turbine shaft; 60. a breather pipe; 70. a seal ring; 80. a protective coating;

1. a substrate; 11. a base; 111. a first connection hole; 112. a boss; 113. a first mounting hole; 12. positioning a plate; 121. a second connection hole; 123. a second mounting hole; 124. positioning holes; 125. a stop step; 126. a threaded hole; 13. a chute;

2. a clamping mechanism; 21. a connecting rod; 22. a connecting shaft; 23. a first shaft; 24. a second shaft;

3. a locking mechanism; 31. a lug; 32. a limiting hole; 33. a locking pin;

4. a force application mechanism; 41. a slide bar; 42. a slide hammer; 43. a first stopper; 44. a second stopper;

51. a bolt; 52. and a nut.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are used only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In the present invention, the detachable member 20 is a mechanical component that is disposed in the mounting cavity 301 of the accommodating member 30 and has an inner cavity 201 and an opening 202 communicating with the inner cavity 201. The inner cavity 201 is provided inside the attached and detached member 20. The opening 202 is provided in a flange 203 of the attachable and detachable member 20 on the side of the inner cavity 201. The flange 203 is a wall of the detachable member 20 at one end, extends from a side wall surrounding the inner cavity 201 to the center of the opening 202, and surrounds the opening 202.

Since the mounting position of the member 20 to be attached and detached is located in the mounting cavity 301, it is inconvenient to apply force, and therefore, the difficulty of attachment and detachment is high. In particular, in the case where the mounting cavity 301 is narrow and long and the tightness between the removable member 20 and the wall of the mounting cavity 301 is large, the difficulty of attaching and detaching the removable member 20 is large, and this will be described with reference to fig. 1, taking as an example a case where the removable member 20 is the front mount 40 of the breather pipe of the aircraft engine.

Referring to fig. 1, when the disassembled and assembled part 20 is a breather pipe front support 40 of an aircraft engine, the accommodating part 30 is a low-pressure turbine shaft 50 of the aircraft engine, and the mounting cavity 301 is a shaft hole of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50. Breather pipe front support 40 is mounted in mounting cavity 301 of low-pressure turbine shaft 50, near the front end of low-pressure turbine shaft 50, far from the rear end of low-pressure turbine shaft 50, for supporting the front end of breather pipe 60 located in mounting cavity 301. An inner cavity 201 is arranged inside the breather pipe front support 40, a flange table 203 is arranged at the front end of the breather pipe front support 40, an opening 202 is arranged on the flange table 203, and the opening 202 is communicated with the inner cavity 201. The front end of snorkel 60 is inserted into interior chamber 201 of snorkel front support 40 from the rear end of snorkel front support 40 and supported by snorkel front support 40. It will be understood that "forward" and "aft" are defined herein based on the direction of gas flow through the aircraft engine, "forward" being the direction of gas flow into the aircraft engine, and "aft" being the direction of gas flow out of the aircraft engine.

Breather pipe front support 40 is in close clearance fit with low-pressure turbine shaft 50 and is sealed by a seal ring 70 to prevent air leakage. Due to the presence of seal 70, there is a greater tightness between snorkel front support 40 and the wall of mounting cavity 301, which results in a greater external force required to remove snorkel front support 40.

In the related art, a long rod is generally inserted from the rear end of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50, and the breather pipe front support 40 is ejected out of the mounting cavity 301, so that the breather pipe front support 40 is detached. In this manner, although the tool used is simple, since the mounting cavity 301 is long and the axial distance L between the rear end surface of the breather pipe front support 40 and the rear end surface of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 can reach about 2000mm, the long rod is difficult to move along the central axis of the mounting cavity 301 in the manual rod inserting process, and is easy to deflect and scrape against the inner wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50. Because the inner wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 is coated with the protective coating 80, when the long rod scrapes the inner wall, the protective coating 80 on the inner wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 is easy to fall off, so that the metal body of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 is in direct contact with air and oxidized, the corrosion of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 is caused, and the working reliability and the service life of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 and an aeroengine are influenced.

It can be seen that the detachable member 20 such as the front support 40 of the vent pipe is inconvenient to detach.

In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a mounting and dismounting tool 10 for facilitating mounting and dismounting of a mounted and dismounted member 20 in a mounting cavity 301.

Figures 2-11 illustrate the construction of the demolition tool 10 of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 2-11, in some embodiments, the demolition tool 10 includes:

a substrate 1;

the clamping mechanism 2 comprises four connecting rods 21 and four connecting shafts 22, the four connecting rods 21 are connected end to end through the four connecting shafts 22 to form a parallelogram, the two connecting shafts 22 positioned on a first diagonal of the parallelogram are respectively a first shaft 23 and a second shaft 24, the first shaft 23 is fixedly connected with the base body 1, the second shaft 24 is connected with the base body 1 and moves between a first position and a second position relative to the base body 1, when the clamping mechanism 2 is positioned at the first position, the length of a second diagonal of the parallelogram is smaller than the size of the opening 202, so that the clamping mechanism 2 can enter the inner cavity 201 through the opening 202, and when the clamping mechanism 2 is positioned at the second position, the length of the second diagonal of the parallelogram is larger than the size of the opening 202, so that the clamping mechanism 2 entering the inner cavity 201 can be clamped on the end face, facing the inner cavity 201, of the opening 202; and

and the force application mechanism 4 is connected with the base body 1 and applies acting force for driving the clamping mechanism 2 to take the disassembled and assembled piece 20 out of the mounting cavity 301 to the base body 1.

Since the engaging mechanism 2 has a parallelogram shape and a variable shape, and can easily enter and exit the inner cavity 201 via the opening 202 and engage with the member to be attached and detached 20, and the urging mechanism 4 can apply an urging force (which may be simply referred to as a first urging force) for taking out the member to be attached and detached 20 from the mounting cavity 301 after the engaging mechanism 2 engages with the member to be attached and detached 20, the attaching and detaching tool 10 can easily detach the member to be attached and detached 20.

When in use, the second shaft 24 is first located at the first position, the engaging mechanism 2 is installed in the inner cavity 201 of the disassembled and assembled piece 20, then the second shaft 24 is moved to the second position, the engaging mechanism 2 is clamped on the end surface of the opening 202 facing the inner cavity 201 due to the fact that the second diagonal line is lengthened to realize fixation, then the force is applied through the force applying mechanism 4, the disassembled and assembled piece 20 is pulled out of the mounting cavity 301, and the disassembled and assembled piece 20 is disassembled. It will be understood that the end surface of the opening 202 facing the interior 201 is the wall surface of the flange base 203 facing the interior 201, or the inner wall surface or rear end surface of the flange base 203.

Fig. 6 and 7 show the state of the engaging mechanism 2 when the second shaft 24 is at the first position and the second position, respectively. As shown in fig. 6, when the second shaft 24 is at the first position, the distance between the second shaft 24 and the first shaft 23 is the farthest, and the length of the second diagonal is the shortest (labeled as D1 in fig. 6). As shown in fig. 7, when the second shaft 24 is at the second position, the second shaft 24 is closest to the first shaft 23, and the length of the second diagonal line is longest (labeled as D2 in fig. 7). That is, during the movement of the second shaft 24 from the first position to the second position, the distance between the second shaft 24 and the first shaft 23 gradually decreases, the length of the second diagonal line gradually increases, and D2> D1. For convenience of distinction, two states of the engaging mechanism 2 when the second shaft 24 is at the first position and the second position may be referred to as a retracted state and an extended state, respectively.

In order to achieve a smooth movement of the second shaft 24 between the first position and the second position, see fig. 3-11, in some embodiments the base body 1 is provided with a slide groove 13. The base body 1 is connected to the second shaft 24 via the slide 13. The second shaft 24 moves along the slide channel 13 between a first position and a second position. The sliding groove 13 can play a role in limiting and guiding, and guide the second shaft 24 to move between the first position and the second position more stably and efficiently, so that the clamping mechanism 2 can be smoothly switched between the retracting state and the extending state.

Fig. 10 and 11 show one implementation of the force application mechanism 4. Referring to fig. 10-11, in some embodiments, the force applying mechanism 4 includes a slide rod 41, a slide hammer 42, and a first stop 43. The slide rod 41 is connected to the base body 1. The first block 43 is fixedly disposed on the sliding rod 41. The slide hammer 42 is slidably disposed on the slide rod 41 and is located between the first stopper 43 and the base 1. When the slide hammer 42 strikes the first stopper 43, a biasing force for taking out the attachment/detachment member 20 from the attachment cavity 301 is applied to the base 1. Therefore, when the piece 20 to be detached needs to be detached, after the engaging mechanism 2 is engaged with the piece 20 to be detached, the sliding hammer 42 can be repeatedly pulled to repeatedly impact the first stopper 43, and when the sliding hammer 42 impacts the first stopper 43, a large instant impact force in a direction away from the engaging mechanism 2 can be applied to the first stopper 43, and the instant impact force can be transmitted to the sliding rod 41 through the first stopper 43 to drive the piece 20 to be detached to move outwards, so that after multiple impacts, the piece 20 to be detached can be moved out of the mounting cavity 301, and the piece 20 to be detached can be detached.

Compared with the situation of directly applying pulling force, the instant impact force generated by impact is larger, so that the disassembly of the disassembled and assembled piece 20 is more conveniently realized by adopting the mode of impacting by the sliding hammer 42, and particularly the disassembly of the disassembled and assembled piece 20 with larger tightness with the installation cavity 301 is conveniently realized. In addition, the force application method based on the impact inertia force is less limited by the mounting cavity 301, and can be implemented conveniently even in a deep and narrow mounting cavity 301, so that the difficulty in detaching the member 20 to be detached is further reduced, and the detaching efficiency of the member 20 to be detached is improved.

In addition, in some embodiments, the disassembling tool 10 not only has a disassembling function, but also has an assembling function, that is, the disassembling tool 10 not only can take out the disassembled part 20 from the mounting cavity 301 to disassemble the disassembled part 20, but also can load the disassembled part 20 into the mounting cavity 301 to install the disassembled part 20. Like this, assembly and disassembly tools 10 will dismantle function and assembly function collection as an organic whole, and the function is abundanter for need not again outside assembly and disassembly tools 10, establish the instrument that is used for installing by dismouting piece 20 in addition, consequently, be favorable to reducing the frock kind, practice thrift the cost.

In order to enable the disassembling and assembling tool 10 to have both disassembling and assembling functions, in some embodiments, the force applying mechanism 4 is configured to apply a force (i.e., a first force) to the base body to not only remove the disassembled part 20 from the mounting cavity 301, but also apply a force to the base body 1 to drive the engaging mechanism 2 to assemble the disassembled part 20 into the mounting cavity 301. The urging force of the urging mechanism 4 to load the attached and detached member 20 into the mounting cavity 301 may be simply referred to as a second urging force. It will be appreciated that the second force is in the opposite direction to the first force.

As an implementation of the force applying mechanism 4 capable of switching between the first acting force and the second acting force, referring to fig. 10 to 11, in some embodiments, the force applying mechanism 4 includes not only the slide rod 41, the slide hammer 42, and the first stopper 43, but also the second stopper 44. A second stop 44 is fixed to the slide 41 and is located between the slide 42 and the base 1. When the slide hammer 42 strikes the second stopper 44, a second biasing force, which is a biasing force for loading the attachment/detachment member 20 into the attachment cavity 301, is applied to the base 1.

When the piece 20 to be disassembled is required to be assembled, the second shaft 24 is firstly positioned at the first position, the clamping mechanism 2 is arranged in the inner cavity 201, then the second shaft 24 is moved to the second position, the clamping mechanism 2 is clamped on the rear end surface of the flange table 203, then the sliding hammer 42 is slid reversely, the sliding hammer 42 repeatedly hits the second stop 44, the piece 20 to be disassembled moves towards the inner part of the installation cavity 301 by utilizing the instantaneous impact force applied to the second stop 44 by the sliding hammer 42, and finally the piece 20 to be disassembled is installed in place. When the sliding hammer 42 repeatedly strikes the second stopper 44, the effect similar to that of hammering is produced, and the mounting of the member 20 to be mounted and dismounted in the mounting cavity 301 can be conveniently and efficiently realized.

In the foregoing embodiments, the structure of the base 1 may be various. As one of them, referring to fig. 3 to 5 and fig. 8 to 9, the base body 1 includes a base 11 and a positioning plate 12. Four links 21 are located between the base 11 and the positioning plate 12. The first shaft 23 and the second shaft 24 are both connected to the base 11. The second shaft 24 passes through the positioning plate 12 and protrudes in a direction away from the base 11 with respect to the positioning plate 12. The force application mechanism 4 is connected with the positioning plate 12. When the engaging mechanism 2 is engaged with the end surface of the opening 202 facing the cavity 201, the positioning plate 12 is engaged with the end surface of the opening 202 facing away from the cavity 201. For example, in combination with fig. 2 and 9, in some embodiments, a side surface of the positioning plate 12 facing the base 11 is provided with a stop step 125, and the positioning plate 12 is clamped on an end surface of the opening 202 facing away from the inner cavity 201 by the stop step 125. The end surface of the opening 202 facing away from the inner cavity 201 is a wall surface of the flange platform 203 facing away from the inner cavity 201, or is referred to as an outer wall surface or a front end surface of the flange platform 203.

Because the locating plate 12 can be blocked on the front end face of the flange platform 203 when the clamping mechanism 2 is blocked on the rear end face of the flange platform 203, when the dismounting tool 10 is combined with the dismounted part 20, the locating plate 12 and the clamping mechanism 2 can be utilized to clamp the flange platform 203 in the middle, and the front end and the rear end of the flange platform 203 are limited, so that the dismounting tool 10 and the dismounted part 20 can be combined more reliably, the dismounting process can be reliably realized by the dismounting tool 10, and the dismounting process can be reliably realized by the dismounting tool 10. In this case, when the second biasing force is applied by the biasing mechanism 4, the engaging mechanism 2 will not disengage from the rear end surface of the flange table 203 but still reliably abut against the rear end surface of the flange table 203 under the limiting action of the positioning plate 12, so that the member 20 to be attached and detached can enter the mounting cavity 301 under the second biasing force applied by the biasing mechanism 4, and the member can be smoothly mounted in the mounting cavity 301.

Referring to fig. 3-5 and fig. 9, in some embodiments, in the extending direction of the second diagonal line, two side edges of the positioning plate 12 are located between two connecting shafts 22 located on the second diagonal line. At this moment, the two side edges of the positioning plate 12 along the extending direction of the second diagonal line cannot shield the two connecting shafts 22 on the second diagonal line, so that the contact condition between the clamping mechanism 2 and the disassembled and assembled part 20 can be conveniently and visually observed, the risk of misoperation in the blind assembling process is avoided, and the safety and the efficiency of the assembling and disassembling process are further improved.

In the foregoing embodiments, in order to further improve the safety and reliability of the dismounting process, referring to fig. 3 to 9, the dismounting tool 10 may further include the locking mechanism 3 in addition to the base 1, the engaging mechanism 2 and the forcing mechanism 4. The locking mechanism 3 locks the second shaft 24 at the second position when the second shaft 24 moves to the second position. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the locking mechanism 3 includes a lug 31 and a locking pin 33, the lug 31 is connected to the second shaft 24, the lug 31 is provided with a limiting hole 32, the base 1 is provided with a positioning hole 124, and when the second shaft 24 moves to the second position, the locking pin 33 passes through the limiting hole 32 and the positioning hole 124, so as to lock the second shaft 24.

Based on the above arrangement, in the process of applying force by the force applying mechanism 4, the second shaft 24 can be locked at the second position by the locking mechanism 3, so that the engaging mechanism 2 is more reliably kept in the extending state, and the engaging failure of the engaging mechanism 2 and the member 20 to be dismounted caused by the accidental movement of the second shaft 24 is prevented, which is beneficial to realizing the smoother dismounting of the member 20 to be dismounted.

The embodiments shown in fig. 2-11 will be further described below.

For convenience of description, the case where the detachable member 20 is the snorkel front mount 40 will be described as an example.

As shown in fig. 2 to 11, in this embodiment, the attaching and detaching tool 10 includes a base 1, an engaging mechanism 2, a locking mechanism 3, and a biasing mechanism 4.

The base body 1 is used to provide a mounting base for the engaging mechanism 2, the locking mechanism 3 and the urging mechanism 4. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in this embodiment, the base body 1 includes a base 11 and a positioning plate 12. The base 11 and the positioning plate 12 are connected to each other with a space therebetween, forming a space for installing the click mechanism 2. Specifically, as can be seen from fig. 5 and fig. 10 to 11, in this embodiment, a boss 112 is provided on the base 11, and a first mounting hole 113 is provided on the boss 112, and correspondingly, a second mounting hole 123 is provided on the positioning plate 12, and the bolt 51 passes through the first mounting hole 113 and the second mounting hole 123 and is locked by the nut 52, so as to achieve the connection and fixation of the positioning plate 12 and the base 11. In this way, the boss 112 supports the positioning plate 12 above the base 11, so that the space between the boss 112, the positioning plate 12 and the base 11 forms the installation space of the clamping mechanism 2, which facilitates the shape change of the clamping mechanism 2 through expansion or contraction. Wherein the shape of the boss 112 may be, but is not limited to, cylindrical. The number of bosses 112 may be 1, 2, or more. When the number of the bosses 112 is at least two, the bosses 112 may be spaced apart from each other to provide a more stable support for the positioning plate 12.

As shown in fig. 9, a stop step 125 is disposed on a surface of the positioning plate 12 facing the base 11, and as shown in fig. 2, the stop step 125 can be clamped on a front end surface of the flange table 203 to perform an installation positioning function when the clamping mechanism 2 is clamped on a rear end surface of the flange table 203.

The clamping mechanism 2 is mounted on the base 1 and used for changing the self contour size by switching between a retraction state and an extension state, so that the clamping mechanism 2 can conveniently enter and exit the inner cavity 201 of the breather pipe front support 40 through the opening 202 of the breather pipe front support 40, and can reversely hook the flange platform 203 provided with the opening 202 of the breather pipe front support 40 after entering the inner cavity 201, thereby realizing clamping with the breather pipe front support 40.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the click mechanism 2 includes four links 21 and four connecting shafts 22. The four connecting rods 21 are located between the base 11 and the positioning plate 12, have the same length, and are connected end to end through four connecting shafts 22 to form a diamond, and the fastening mechanism 2 at this time can also be called as a diamond mechanism. The four connecting shafts 22 are located at the four vertices of the rhombus, respectively, a first shaft 23 and a second shaft 24 located on a first diagonal, and a third shaft and a fourth shaft located on a second diagonal.

Wherein, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are not connected with the base 11 and the positioning plate 12, and the third shaft and the fourth shaft pass through the connecting rod 21 and are locked and fixed by the nut 52. And the third shaft and the fourth shaft extend out of the outer sides of the base 11 and the positioning plate 12 along the extending direction of the second diagonal line, are suspended and are not shielded or supported by the base 11 and the positioning plate 12.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 5 and 8 to 9, in this embodiment, the base 11 and the positioning plate 12 are both of a non-full-circle structure, but are of a side-cut flat plate structure, and both sides of the two along the second diagonal are subjected to trimming to form a cut, at this time, both side edges of the two along the first diagonal are arc-shaped, and both side edges of the two along the second diagonal are linear, so that both cross sections perpendicular to the thickness direction are oval. The distance between the two linear edges obtained by the trimming process is smaller than the minimum distance between the third shaft and the fourth shaft, so that the two side edges of the base 11 and the positioning plate 12 along the second diagonal extending direction are always located between the third shaft and the fourth shaft, that is, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are always located at the outer sides of the base 11 and the positioning plate 12 along the second diagonal extending direction and are not shielded by the base 11 and the positioning plate 12. Like this, the clearance in second diagonal extending direction between locating plate 12 and third axle and the fourth axle can form observation window, is convenient for in the use, and the direct observation block mechanism 2 and the contact condition of breather pipe front support 40 improve dismouting efficiency and operational safety nature. The third and fourth shafts may be embodied as bolts 51.

The first shaft 23 and the second shaft 24 are connected to the base 11 and the positioning plate 12.

As can be seen from fig. 4-5 and 8-9, in order to connect the first shaft 23 with the base 11 and the positioning plate 12, in this embodiment, the base 11 is provided with a first connecting hole 111 penetrating through the thickness direction, the positioning plate 12 is correspondingly provided with a second connecting hole 121 penetrating through the thickness direction, the first shaft 23 penetrates through the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 121, and a portion of the first shaft 23 extending out of the first connecting hole 111 is locked by the nut 52. In this way, the first shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the base body 1 such that the respective vertices of the rhombus are fixed.

In order to connect the second shaft 24 with the base 11 and the positioning plate 12, as shown in fig. 4-5 and 8-9, in this embodiment, the base 11 and the positioning plate 12 are both provided with sliding grooves 13 penetrating in the thickness direction, the two sliding grooves 13 are opposite to each other, and each sliding groove 13 is a straight sliding groove, for example, the two sliding grooves 13 are both oblong holes with long axes extending along a first diagonal line. The second shaft 24 passes through the two slide grooves 13 and protrudes from the two slide grooves 13. The portion of the second shaft 24 protruding from the sliding slot 13 of the base 11 is limited by the nut 52. Thus, the second shaft 24 is slidably connected to the base body 1 and is movable between the first position and the second position under the guidance of the slide groove 13. As shown in fig. 6, the first position corresponds to an end of the sliding chute 13 away from the first shaft 23, and when the first position is located, the distance between the second shaft 24 and the first shaft 23 is the farthest, and the length of the second diagonal line is the shortest, at this time, the engaging mechanism 2 is said to be in the retracted state. As shown in fig. 7, the second position corresponds to one end of the sliding chute 13 close to the first shaft 23, and in the second position, the distance between the second shaft 24 and the first shaft 23 is the shortest, and the length of the second diagonal line is the longest, and at this time, the engaging mechanism 2 is said to be in the extended state.

It can be seen that the first shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the base body 1 and the second shaft 24 is arranged to be movable relative to the base body 1, so that the snap-in mechanism 2 can be switched between a retracted state and an extended state, changing the length of the second diagonal. When the second shaft 24 is at the first position and the engaging mechanism 2 is in the retracted state, the length D1 of the second diagonal line is smaller than the diameters of the opening 202 and the cavity 201, so that the engaging mechanism 2 can enter and exit the cavity 201 through the opening 202. When the second shaft 24 is at the second position and the engaging mechanism 2 is in the extended state, the length D2 of the second diagonal line is greater than the diameter of the opening 202 and smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity 201, so that the engaging mechanism 2 can abut against the rear end surface of the flange table 203 to realize reverse hook type engaging and fixing. That is, the second shaft 24 only needs to move between the first position and the second position, so that the engaging mechanism 2 can be installed into, taken out of, and fixed in the inner cavity 201 in a reverse hooking manner, and the assembly and disassembly tool 10 can be conveniently combined with and separated from the front support 40 of the vent pipe.

The second shaft 24 extends from the sliding slot 13 of the positioning plate 12 to a side away from the base 11, so that the second shaft 24 protrudes relative to the positioning plate 12 to a side away from the base 11, which facilitates shifting the second shaft 24 after the engaging mechanism 2 enters the inner cavity 201, so that the second shaft 24 moves from the first position to the second position.

In addition, since the slide groove 13 is a linear groove, the movement of the second shaft 24 between the first position and the second position is a linear movement process, which makes the second shaft 24 always located on the same straight line with the first shaft 23 during the movement process, which is beneficial to keeping the engaging mechanism 2 in a diamond shape all the time, improving the structural reliability, and controlling the length change of the second diagonal more accurately.

The locking mechanism 3 is connected with the second shaft 24 and the positioning plate 12 for achieving locking of the second shaft 24 in the second position. As shown in fig. 5 and 9, in this embodiment, the locking mechanism 3 includes a lug 31, a positioning hole 124, and a locking pin 33. The lug 31 is fixed to a portion of the second shaft 24 that protrudes toward a side away from the base 11 with respect to the positioning plate 12, and the lug 31 is provided with a stopper hole 32. The positioning hole 124 is disposed on the positioning plate 12. The locking pin 33 passes through the limiting hole 32 and the positioning hole 124 when the second shaft 24 moves to the second position, and the second shaft 24 is locked at the second position. In this way, the second shaft 24 can be stably kept at the second position, so that the clamping mechanism 2 can be stably kept in the extending state and reliably clamped with the breather pipe front support 40 in the process of pushing and pulling the breather pipe front support 40, and the clamping failure caused by the accidental movement of the second shaft 24 can be avoided.

Force application mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to positioning plate 12 for applying pulling force and pushing force to achieve the detachment and assembly of snorkel front support 40 in installation cavity 301. As shown in fig. 3 and 9 to 11, in this embodiment, the urging mechanism 4 includes a slide rod 41, a slide hammer 42, a first stopper 43, and a second stopper 44.

The first end of the sliding rod 41 is provided with a screw thread, correspondingly, the positioning plate 12 is provided with a screw hole 126, and the first end of the sliding rod 41 is inserted into the screw hole 126 and is in threaded connection with the positioning plate 12, so that the sliding rod 41 is fixedly mounted on the positioning plate 12.

The first block 43 is detachably disposed on the sliding rod 41 and located near the second end of the sliding rod 41. In particular, the second end of the slide rod 41 is threaded and fitted with a nut 52. The nut 52 is provided with a shoulder on the side thereof adjacent the first end of the slide rod 41. The shoulder is spaced from the nut 52. The first stopper 43 is disposed between the nut 52 and the shoulder, and is retained by the nut 52 and the shoulder. The first stopper 43 can be removed from the slide rod 41 by unscrewing the nut 52 from the slide rod 41, so that the first stopper 43 can be detached. The first stopper 43 is sleeved on the sliding rod 41, and then the nut 52 is screwed, so that the first stopper 43 and the sliding rod 41 can be mounted.

The second block 44 is disposed on the sliding rod 41 and located on a side of the first block 43 close to the first end of the sliding rod 41, and is spaced apart from the first block 43. Specifically, the second stopper 44 is of an integral structure with the slide rod 41.

The slide hammer 42 is slidably disposed on the slide rod 41 and located between the first stopper 43 and the second stopper 44. The portion of the slide rod 41 between the first stop 43 and the second stop 44 is a polish rod to facilitate the sliding of the slide hammer 42. The first stopper 43 and the second stopper 44 define a sliding range of the slide hammer 42. The impact action of the sliding hammer 42 on the first stop 43 and the second stop 44 during the sliding process can realize the disassembly or assembly of the breather pipe front support 40.

When the sliding hammer 42 strikes the first stopper 43, an impact force in a direction from the first end to the second end of the slide rod 41 may be applied to the first stopper 43, and the impact force is transmitted to the slide rod 41 and the base 11 via the first stopper 43, so that a pulling force may be generated on the breather pipe front support 40, the breather pipe front support 40 may be moved toward the outside of the mounting cavity 301 against a large force between the breather pipe front support 40 and the low-pressure turbine shaft 50, and the breather pipe front support 40 may be taken out of the mounting cavity 301 after repeated impacts, thereby achieving detachment of the breather pipe front support 40.

When the slide hammer 42 strikes the second stopper 44, an impact force in a direction from the second end to the first end of the slide rod 41 is applied to the second stopper 44, and the impact force is transmitted to the slide rod 41 and the base 11 via the first stopper 43, so that a thrust force is generated against the snorkel front support 40, the snorkel front support 40 moves toward the inside of the mounting cavity 301, and the snorkel front support 40 can be mounted in the mounting cavity 301 after repeated impacts, thereby realizing the assembly of the snorkel front support 40.

The disassembly and assembly tool 10 of this embodiment can disassemble the snorkel front support 40 as follows:

(1) the second shaft 24 is shifted to the end of the sliding chute 13 far away from the first shaft 23, so that the second shaft 24 is positioned at the first position, and the length of the second diagonal line is shortened to be minimum and smaller than the diameter of the opening 202;

(2) the clamping mechanism 2 and the base 11 are arranged in an inner cavity 201 of the member 20 to be disassembled and assembled through an opening 202, so that the positioning plate 12 is positioned outside the member 20 to be disassembled and assembled and is contacted with the front end surface of a flange table 203 of the member 20 to be disassembled and assembled;

(3) the second shaft 24 is shifted to one end of the sliding chute 13 close to the first shaft 23, the second shaft 24 is located at a second position, the length of a second diagonal line is increased to the longest length, the clamping mechanism 2 is clamped on the rear end face of the flange table 203, and the flange table 203 is clamped together with the positioning plate 12 to form simultaneous limiting on the front end and the rear end of the flange table 203;

(4) a locking pin 33 is installed to lock the second shaft 24 at the second position, so that the engaging mechanism 2 is stably kept in the extended state and is reliably engaged with the rear end face of the flange table 203;

(5) the sliding hammer 42 is repeatedly pulled, so that the sliding hammer 42 repeatedly strikes the first stop block 43, the breather pipe front support 40 is pulled out of the installation cavity 301 by using the inertia force generated by the striking, and the disassembly of the breather pipe front support 40 is realized.

The assembly and disassembly tool 10 of this embodiment can assemble the snorkel front support 40 as follows:

(5) the sliding hammer 42 is repeatedly pulled, so that the sliding hammer 42 repeatedly strikes the second stop block 44, and the snorkel front support 40 is pushed into the mounting cavity 301 by using the inertia force generated by the striking, thereby realizing the mounting of the snorkel front support 40.

It can be seen that the mounting and dismounting tool 10 provided by this embodiment can realize quick dismounting of the breather pipe front support 40 from the front end of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50, and avoids the falling off of the protective coating 80 caused by the long rod scraping the inner wall of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 when the long rod is inserted from the rear end, thereby reducing the corrosion risk of the low-pressure turbine shaft 50 and improving the safety of the dismounting process.

In addition, the disassembling tool 10 provided in this embodiment has disassembling and assembling functions, so that the number of types of tools can be reduced, and the process cost can be reduced.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disassembly and assembly tool (10) for disassembling a disassembled part (20) with an inner cavity (201) and an opening (202) communicated with the inner cavity (201) in an installation cavity (301), characterized by comprising:

a base body (1);

the clamping mechanism (2) comprises four connecting rods (21) and four connecting shafts (22), the four connecting rods (21) are connected end to end through the four connecting shafts (22) to form a parallelogram, two connecting shafts (22) located on a first diagonal line of the parallelogram are respectively a first shaft (23) and a second shaft (24), the first shaft (23) is fixedly connected with the base body (1), the second shaft (24) is connected with the base body (1) and moves between a first position and a second position relative to the base body (1), when the first position is located, the length of a second diagonal line of the parallelogram is smaller than the size of the opening (202), so that the clamping mechanism (2) can enter the inner cavity (201) through the opening (202), and when the second position is located, the length of a second diagonal line of the parallelogram is larger than the size of the opening (202), so that the clamping mechanism (2) entering the inner cavity (201) can be clamped on the end face of the opening (202) facing the inner cavity (201); and

and the force application mechanism (4) is connected with the base body (1) and applies acting force for driving the clamping mechanism (2) to take the disassembled part (20) out of the mounting cavity (301) to the base body (1).

2. A disassembly tool (10) according to claim 1, wherein the disassembly tool (10) further comprises a locking mechanism (3), the locking mechanism (3) locking the second shaft (24) in the second position when the second shaft (24) is moved to the second position.

3. The disassembly and assembly tool (10) of claim 2, wherein the locking mechanism (3) comprises a lug (31) and a locking pin (33), the lug (31) is connected with the second shaft (24), a limiting hole (32) is arranged on the lug (31), a positioning hole (124) is arranged on the base body (1), and when the second shaft (24) moves to the second position, the locking pin (33) passes through the limiting hole (32) and the positioning hole (124) to lock the second shaft (24).

4. A disassembly and assembly tool (10) according to claim 1, wherein said base body (1) is provided with a slide groove (13), said base body (1) being connected to said second shaft (24) through said slide groove (13), said second shaft (24) moving along said slide groove (13) between said first position and said second position.

5. The removing and assembling tool (10) according to claim 1, wherein the force applying mechanism (4) further applies a force to the base body (1) to drive the engaging mechanism (2) to install the removed component (20) into the installation cavity (301).

6. The disassembly and assembly tool (10) of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the force applying mechanism (4) comprises a slide bar (41), a slide weight (42), and a first stop (43), wherein the slide bar (41) is connected to the base body (1), wherein the first stop (43) is fixedly arranged on the slide bar (41), wherein the slide weight (42) is slidably arranged on the slide bar (41) between the first stop (43) and the base body (1), and wherein the slide weight (42) applies a force to the base body (1) to remove the disassembled product (20) from the mounting cavity (301) when hitting the first stop (43).

7. The assembly and disassembly tool (10) of claim 6, wherein the force applying mechanism (4) further comprises a second stopper (44), the second stopper (44) is fixed on the slide bar (41) and located between the slide hammer (42) and the base body (1), and the slide hammer (42) applies a force to the base body (1) to install the disassembled part (20) into the installation cavity (301) when striking the second stopper (44).

8. The disassembly and assembly tool (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base body (1) comprises a base (11) and a positioning plate (12), the four connecting rods (21) are located between the base (11) and the positioning plate (12), the first shaft (23) and the second shaft (24) are both connected with the base (11), the second shaft (24) penetrates through the positioning plate (12) and protrudes relative to the positioning plate (12) in a direction away from the base (11), the force application mechanism (4) is connected with the positioning plate (12), and the positioning plate (12) is clamped on an end surface of the opening (202) facing away from the inner cavity (201) when the clamping mechanism (2) is clamped on the end surface of the opening (202) facing toward the inner cavity (201).

9. The disassembly and assembly tool (10) of claim 8, wherein a surface of the positioning plate (12) facing the base (11) is provided with a stop step (125), and the positioning plate (12) is clamped on an end surface of the opening (202) facing away from the inner cavity (201) through the stop step (125).

10. The disassembly and assembly tool (10) of claim 8, wherein, in the extending direction of the second diagonal line, two side edges of the positioning plate (12) are positioned between two connecting shafts (22) on the second diagonal line.