CN114871518A - Electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge additive reduction composite manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge additive reduction composite manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device and method, wherein the electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device comprises an electric arc additive mechanism, an electrochemical discharge material reduction mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a processing tank; electrolyte is arranged in the processing tank; the lifting mechanism comprises a substrate and a lifting piece connected with the substrate, and the lifting piece is used for driving the substrate to move in the vertical direction so as to enter or move out of the electrolyte; the electric arc material adding mechanism comprises a welding power supply, a driving arm and a working head connected with the driving arm, and the working head is arranged above the substrate; the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, and a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are respectively connected with the pulse power supply, wherein the tool electrode is arranged above the substrate, and the auxiliary electrode is arranged in the electrolyte. The electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device has the advantages of capability of effectively improving the accuracy of the electric arc additive surface, low manufacturing cost, high cooling efficiency and high additive manufacturing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material increase and material reduction composite manufacturing, in particular to an electric arc material increase and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device and method.
Background
The electric arc additive manufacturing technology is an intelligent and digital continuous surfacing welding technology established on the basis of a welding technology, and is an additive manufacturing method for forming a part in a specific shape by melting metal wires as a raw material at high temperature through an electric arc and accumulating the metal layer by using the electric arc as a heat source, and is also called electric arc 3D printing. The method has the advantages of low raw material cost, high material utilization rate, high printing and forming efficiency, high workpiece density and the like. The material additive manufacturing process has the advantages of high accumulation rate, high material utilization rate, low cost and potential material additive manufacturing process, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ships and the like.
At present, the common method is to directly stack a three-dimensional structure on a substrate through electric arc additive materials, and then a small amount of milling material reduction is used for improving the forming precision and the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure. Although milling reduction materials make up the inherent defects of the electric arc additive in the aspects of geometric dimension and surface quality to a great extent, the electric arc additive belongs to a hot working process, the milling reduction materials belong to a cold working process, and a more obvious macro and micro error transfer process exists in the cyclic alternation of the cold and hot working processes, so that the development of the composite manufacturing process towards high precision and high performance is restricted. In addition, the method needs two sets of devices for electric arc material increase and milling in sequence, and the working procedure is complex.
Because the arc additive manufacturing releases a large amount of heat in the machining process, and the workpiece is subjected to repeated heating-cooling processes in the machining process, the residual stress in the workpiece is large and uneven in distribution, and the workpiece is easy to deform. It is therefore necessary to cool the workpiece efficiently during processing. Aiming at the aspect, a forming regulation and control means based on external thermoelectric auxiliary refrigeration is provided to enhance the thermal diffusion capacity, and researches show that the external thermoelectric auxiliary refrigeration can obviously change the constraint state of a molten pool, avoid the flowing of the molten pool at a high layer due to overheating, and ensure that the high layer and a bottom layer keep relatively consistent forming appearance. This control scheme does not require changes in process parameters and does not reduce deposition efficiency, but adds to system complexity because of the need for additional external refrigeration equipment [3 ]. There have also been proposals to use a cooling channel to cool the substrate to remove the heat generated by the soldering. With the continuous increase of the height of the arc surfacing, the heat of the surfacing part at a high position with a larger distance from the substrate is difficult to be transmitted to the substrate at the bottom, and finally the cooling effect of the printed workpiece is poor.
In a word, in the scheme, in the process of stacking the electric arc additive layer, the additive welding seam channel and the additive welding seam channel cannot be fully fused, the step effect is very obvious, the surface quality is poor, and the semi-formed part generally needs to be subjected to subsequent processing to achieve the required dimensional precision and surface quality. Arc additive manufacturing is typically accomplished using robotic or robotic arm carriers, while subsequent subtractive manufacturing needs to be completed on other processing equipment. Repeated clamping on different equipment leads to positioning accuracy to reduce, and many equipment multiple processes also cause machining efficiency to reduce. In addition, in the process of stacking the workpieces, the speed of natural cooling is slow, internal heat is accumulated, the workpieces are easy to deform, and parts with high dimensional accuracy are difficult to obtain. For material reducing machining, the traditional machining depends on a cutter to cut and remove redundant materials on the surface, the cutting force can cause the problems of part surface deformation and the like, and for thin-wall parts and integrally closed parts, the material is extremely difficult to machine and remove. These drawbacks greatly limit the widespread adoption and use of arc additive manufacturing.
Therefore, there is a need for a new composite manufacturing apparatus and method for arc additive and electrochemical discharge additive reduction to improve or solve the above technical drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for composite manufacturing by arc additive and electrochemical discharge additive and method, which at least partially solves the above technical problems.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus comprising:
the device comprises an electric arc material increasing mechanism, an electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a processing tank;
electrolyte is arranged in the processing tank;
the lifting mechanism comprises a substrate and a lifting piece connected with the substrate, and the lifting piece is used for driving the substrate to move in the vertical direction so as to enter or extend out of the electrolyte;
the electric arc material adding mechanism comprises a welding power supply, a driving arm and a working head connected with the driving arm, and the working head is arranged above the substrate;
the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, and a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are respectively connected with the pulse power supply, wherein the tool electrode is arranged above the substrate, and the auxiliary electrode is arranged in the electrolyte.
In one embodiment, the pulsed power supply includes an anode and a cathode, the tool electrode is electrically connected to the cathode, and the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected to the anode.
In an embodiment, the arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device further comprises a visual identification mechanism and a controller, wherein the visual identification mechanism is mounted on the driving arm, the visual identification mechanism is used for scanning the three-dimensional profile of the semi-formed part, the extracted information of the semi-formed part is sent to the controller, and the controller generates a material reduction path signal according to the information of the semi-formed part and controls the lifting part and the tool electrode to move based on the material reduction path signal.
In one embodiment, the lifting member comprises a servo motor, a screw rod connected with the servo motor and a screw rod pair in transmission connection with the screw rod, the screw rod pair is connected with the substrate, one end of the screw rod penetrates through the substrate and extends into the electrolyte, and the servo motor is in signal connection with the controller.
In one embodiment, the visual recognition mechanism includes a camera disposed facing the substrate.
In one embodiment, the working head comprises a welding gun and a welding wire, the welding wire is mounted on the welding gun, the welding gun is mounted at one end of the driving arm close to the base plate, one pole of the welding power supply is electrically connected with the base plate, and the other pole of the welding power supply is electrically connected with the welding gun.
In one embodiment, the drive arm is a six degree of freedom robotic arm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides an arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
A. outputting a three-dimensional model according to the processing requirement of a workpiece to be processed, segmenting the three-dimensional model layer by layer, and outputting electric arc stacking track information to a controller;
B. the controller receives the accumulation track information and selects corresponding process parameters such as current, voltage, wire feeding speed, gas flow rate and the like;
C. controlling the mechanical arm to control the welding gun and the welding wire to move above the substrate according to a preset track according to the accumulation track information and the process parameters, and performing electric arc additive manufacturing;
D. after the preset layer number forming is finished, controlling a visual recognition mechanism to recognize the semi-formed part, comparing the recognized information of the semi-formed part with the three-dimensional model, and sending the comparison result information to the controller;
E. and controlling the controller to generate a material reducing path signal according to the comparison result information and send the material reducing path signal to the lifting piece, wherein the lifting piece receives the material reducing path signal and drives the substrate to move downwards so that the semi-formed piece is immersed into the electrolyte for 2mm below, and then the semi-formed piece is subjected to electrochemical discharge material reduction based on the relative movement of the material reducing path and the material reducing tool electrode.
In one embodiment, the controller generates a material reducing path according to the comparison result information and sends the material reducing path to the lifting member, the lifting member receives the material reducing path and drives the substrate and the tool electrode to move relatively, and after the step of performing electrochemical discharge material reduction on the semi-formed part, the method further includes the steps of:
the process C, D, E is repeated until the finished semiformed part conforms to the predetermined three-dimensional model.
In the scheme, the electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reducing composite manufacturing device comprises an electric arc additive mechanism, an electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a processing tank; electrolyte is arranged in the processing tank; the lifting mechanism comprises a substrate and a lifting piece connected with the substrate, and the lifting piece is used for driving the substrate to move in the vertical direction so as to enter or move out of the electrolyte; the electric arc material adding mechanism comprises a welding power supply, a driving arm and a working head connected with the driving arm, and the working head is arranged above the substrate; the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, and a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are respectively connected with the pulse power supply, wherein the tool electrode is arranged above the substrate, and the auxiliary electrode is arranged in the electrolyte. In the scheme, a welding gun and a welding wire can be arranged on the working head, one pole of a welding power supply is electrically connected with the substrate, and the other pole of the welding power supply is electrically connected with the welding gun. An electric arc is formed between the base plate and the welding wire through the welding power supply, the welding wire is heated and melted, and a required shape is formed by stacking on the base plate under the control of the driving arm. After 3 layers or other layers are formed, the lifting piece is controlled to immerse the workpiece into electrolyte of the processing tank, material reduction is carried out through the electrochemical discharge material reduction mechanism, redundant materials on the surface are removed, and the precision requirement of the workpiece is met. The embodiment organically integrates the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction, and in the manufacturing process, the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction are alternately combined for use, so that the processes of carrying and re-clamping and positioning are avoided, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. In addition, the electrochemical discharge machining has the advantages of low cost, good machining flexibility, high machining efficiency and the like. Moreover, the electrochemical discharge is carried out in the solution, the internal heat can be dissipated in time, and the cooling time is reduced. In addition, the electrochemical discharge has no cutting force, does not cause part deformation, ensures the quality of workpieces processed by electric arc additive manufacturing, and has great advantages for additive and subtractive composite manufacturing of thin-walled parts.
The technical scheme provided by the invention at least comprises the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) through the action of the electrolyte, the machining size precision of the workpiece can be effectively improved, and the cooling of the workpiece in the machining process is ensured, so that the long-time arc printing work and the forming stability of the workpiece are ensured. The cooling device has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, good processing precision, high cooling efficiency, no influence on the original product organization and the like.
(2) According to the invention, through size scanning and real-time processing, the problems of over-low integral precision of parts caused by error layer-by-layer superposition and high-temperature fault melting in the traditional additive manufacturing process are avoided, the precision of the electric arc additive surface can be effectively improved, and the additive manufacturing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a composite manufacturing method of arc additive and electrochemical discharge additive reduction according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. processing a tank; 2. a servo motor; 3. a screw rod; 4. a working head; 5. a semi-formed part; 6. a tool electrode; 7. a substrate; 8. an electrolyte; 9. an auxiliary electrode; 10. a pulse power supply; 11. a welding power supply.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as the upper and lower … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Moreover, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be able to be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus comprising:
the device comprises an electric arc material increasing mechanism, an electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a processing tank 1;
the processing tank 1 is internally provided with electrolyte 8;
the lifting mechanism comprises a substrate 7 and a lifting piece connected with the substrate 7, and the lifting piece is used for driving the substrate 7 to move in the vertical direction to enter or move out of the electrolyte 8;
the electric arc material adding mechanism comprises a welding power supply 11, a driving arm and a working head 4 connected with the driving arm, and the working head 4 is arranged above the substrate 7;
the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism comprises a pulse power supply 10, and a tool electrode 6 and an auxiliary electrode 9 which are respectively connected with the pulse power supply 10, wherein the tool electrode 6 is arranged above the substrate 7, and the auxiliary electrode 9 is arranged in the electrolyte 8.
In the above embodiment, a welding gun and a welding wire may be mounted on the working head 4, one pole of the welding power supply 11 is electrically connected to the substrate 7, and the other pole of the welding power supply 11 is electrically connected to the welding gun. An arc is formed between the base plate 7 and the welding wire by the welding power source 11, the welding wire is heated and melted, and a desired shape is accumulated on the base plate 7 under the control of the driving arm. After the forming of 3 layers or preset layers is completed, the lifting piece is controlled to immerse the semi-formed piece 5 into the electrolyte 8 of the processing tank 1, the material reduction manufacturing is carried out through an electrochemical discharge material reduction mechanism, and redundant materials on the surface are removed to meet the precision requirement of the workpiece. The embodiment organically integrates the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction, and in the manufacturing process, the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction are alternately combined for use, so that the processes of carrying and re-clamping and positioning are avoided, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. In addition, the electrochemical discharge machining has the advantages of low cost, good machining flexibility, high machining efficiency and the like. Moreover, the electrochemical discharge is carried out in the solution, the internal heat can be dissipated in time, and the cooling time is reduced. In addition, the electrochemical discharge has no cutting force, does not cause part deformation, and ensures the quality of workpieces processed by the electric arc additive manufacturing. The embodiment has the advantages of effectively improving the accuracy of the electric arc additive surface, along with low manufacturing cost, high cooling efficiency and high additive manufacturing efficiency.
Specifically, the process of the arc additive manufacturing is as follows: in the process of using the gas shielded welding, an electric arc is formed between the welding wire and the base plate 7, the welding wire is heated and melted, and the welding wire is stacked to form a specific shape in the process of controlling the movement of the driving arm, and finally a required workpiece is formed by stacking layer by layer. The driving arm can be a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and can drive the welding gun and the welding head to move in all directions, so that the required workpiece shape can be formed conveniently.
In one embodiment, the pulsed power supply 10 includes an anode and a cathode, the tool electrode 6 being electrically connected to the cathode, and the auxiliary electrode 9 being electrically connected to the anode. Specifically, the electrochemical material reduction process comprises the following steps: when the semiformed part 5 (also called a stack) is present on the substrate 7, the pulsed power supply 10 is switched on, and the electrochemical reaction and the electrochemical discharge alternate. When the voltage is increased, electrochemical reaction occurs between the two electrodes, hydrogen bubbles are generated at the cathode, and oxygen bubbles are generated at the anode. When the voltage is continuously increased, the generation rate of the bubbles is increased, enough bubbles are generated around the cathode to form a complete air film, the cathode is separated from the electrolyte 8 to form a very thin insulating layer, and when the electric field of the insulating air film is large enough, the air film is broken down to generate a spark discharge phenomenon, so that the electrochemical discharge material reduction is carried out on the surface shape error of the workpiece, and the size precision control is realized.
In an embodiment, the arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device further comprises a visual identification mechanism and a controller, the visual identification mechanism is mounted on the driving arm, the visual identification mechanism is used for scanning the three-dimensional profile of the semi-formed part 5, the extracted information of the semi-formed part 5 is sent to the controller, the controller generates a material reduction path signal according to the information of the semi-formed part 5, sends the material reduction path signal to the lifting part, and controls the movement of the lifting part and the tool electrode 6 based on the material reduction path signal. The visual recognition mechanism comprises a camera which is arranged facing the substrate 7, in particular facing the semi-formed part 5 to acquire three-dimensional information of the semi-formed part 5. The visual recognition mechanism scans the three-dimensional profile appearance of the additive surface of the semi-formed part 5, the extracted information is introduced into the controller, the surface precision of the layer is analyzed, the material quantity to be removed by the semi-formed part 5 is calculated by comparing the fine difference between the actual workpiece size and the three-dimensional model size, the motion path and the residence time of the corresponding lifting part are generated, and the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism performs material reducing processing on the semi-formed part 5 according to the path and the time given by the controller. Specifically, the process of the composite manufacturing of the arc additive and the electrochemical discharge additive is as follows: and (3) electric arc additive manufacturing, melting welding wires, stacking to form a required shape under the control of a mechanical arm, after 3 layers or other layers are formed, identifying the formed part by a visual identification system, controlling a lifting device to immerse the workpiece into an electrolyte 8, performing electrochemical discharge material reduction manufacturing, and removing redundant materials on the surface to meet the precision requirement of the workpiece. And repeating the steps until the workpiece is manufactured. The visual recognition mechanism is arranged for acquiring the information of the semi-formed part 5, generating a material reduction path signal according to the information of the semi-formed part 5 and performing material reduction processing on the semi-formed part 5, so that accurate control of material reduction is realized, and the manufacturing precision of a final workpiece is improved.
In one embodiment, the lifting piece comprises a servo motor 2, a screw rod 3 connected with the servo motor 2 and a screw rod 3 pair in transmission connection with the screw rod 3, the screw rod 3 pair is connected with a substrate 7, one end of the screw rod 3 penetrates through the substrate 7 and extends into an electrolyte 8, the servo motor 2 is in signal connection with a controller, and the servo motor 2 is arranged above the substrate 7. The lead screw 3 is driven to rotate through the servo motor 2, so that the lead screw 3 is driven to move in pairs, the lead screw 3 drives the substrate 7 connected with the lead screw to move in the vertical direction, the semi-formed part 5 enters the electrolyte 8 during electrochemical material reduction, and leaves the electrolyte 8 during electric arc material increase. The time of entering the electrolyte 8 can be controlled by the servo motor 2, and the material reducing time is controlled by the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism. Because the processing tank 1 is filled with the electrolyte 8, the servo motor 2 is arranged above the substrate 7, and the control and the installation are more convenient.
Referring to fig. 2, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides an arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
s100: A. outputting a three-dimensional model according to the processing requirement of the workpiece to be processed, segmenting the three-dimensional model layer by layer, and outputting electric arc stacking track information to a controller;
s200: B. the controller receives the accumulation track information and selects corresponding process parameters such as current, voltage, wire feeding speed, gas flow rate and the like;
s300: C. the control mechanical arm controls the welding gun and the welding wire to move above the substrate 7 according to the accumulation track information and the process parameters and carries out electric arc additive manufacturing;
s400: D. after the preset layer number forming is finished, controlling a visual recognition mechanism to recognize the semi-formed part 5, comparing the recognized information of the semi-formed part 5 with the three-dimensional model, and sending the comparison result information to a controller;
s500: E. and the control controller generates a material reducing path signal according to the comparison result information and sends the signal to the lifting piece, the lifting piece receives the material reducing path signal and drives the substrate 7 to move downwards so that the semi-formed piece is immersed into the electrolyte for 2mm below, and then the electrochemical discharge material reduction is carried out on the semi-formed piece 5 based on the relative movement of the material reducing path and the material reducing tool electrode.
Taking the processing of the straight arm as an example, a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm can be adopted, argon is taken as protective gas, and 308L stainless steel welding wires with the diameter of 1mm are selected for arc material increase on the stainless steel substrate 7. The method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out three-dimensional modeling according to the processing requirements of the straight arm piece to form a three-dimensional model, segmenting the three-dimensional model layer by layer, outputting an electric arc stacking track, and sending electric arc stacking track information to a controller. Adding electrolyte 8 into the processing tank 1, switching on a welding power supply 11, adjusting the output current to be 120A and the output voltage to be 55V, starting a welding gun device, controlling the wire feeding speed to be 6m/min and the welding speed to be 5mm/s, controlling the welding wire to move on the substrate 7 by a mechanical arm according to a given track, and controlling the driving arm to move to start electric arc additive manufacturing by a controller according to electric arc accumulation track information; after the 3-layer or other-layer forming is completed, the visual identification structure starts to identify the formed part, the identified semi-formed part 5 is compared with the three-dimensional model, and the controller generates a material reducing path signal based on a model comparison result and sends the material reducing path signal to the lifting part; at the moment, the electrochemical discharge pulse power supply 10 is switched on, the output voltage is adjusted to be 50V, and the rated current is 10A; and starting the lifting device, controlling the lifting piece by the controller according to the material reducing path signal, performing electrochemical discharge material reduction on the semi-formed piece 5, finishing a rough surface, and removing redundant material on the surface. The embodiment organically integrates the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction, and in the manufacturing process, the electric arc additive manufacturing and the electrochemical discharge material reduction are alternately combined for use, so that the processes of carrying and re-clamping and positioning are avoided, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. In addition, the electrochemical discharge machining has the advantages of low cost, good machining flexibility, high machining efficiency and the like. Moreover, the electrochemical discharge is carried out in the solution, the internal heat can be dissipated in time, and the cooling time is reduced. In addition, the electrochemical discharge has no cutting force, does not cause part deformation, and ensures the quality of workpieces processed by the electric arc additive manufacturing. The embodiment has the advantages of effectively improving the accuracy of the surface of the electric arc additive, along with low manufacturing cost, high cooling efficiency and high additive manufacturing efficiency.
In one embodiment, the controller generates a material reducing path according to the comparison result information and sends the material reducing path to the lifting member, and the lifting member receives the material reducing path and drives the substrate 7 and the material reducing tool electrode to move relatively to perform electrochemical discharge material reduction on the semi-formed part 5, and the method further includes the following steps:
and repeating C, D, E until the machined semi-formed part 5 conforms to the preset three-dimensional model, and repeating the steps until the shape of the straight arm piece and the preset three-dimensional model meet the preset similarity requirement. After the material increase and reduction of the sample piece are completed, the material increase and reduction power supply is turned off, the substrate 7 is lifted by the lifting piece to be separated from the electrolyte, and the straight arm piece and the substrate 7 are taken down.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the claims and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electric arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises an electric arc material increasing mechanism, an electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a processing tank;
electrolyte is arranged in the processing tank;
the lifting mechanism comprises a substrate and a lifting piece connected with the substrate, and the lifting piece is used for driving the substrate to move in the vertical direction so as to enter or extend out of the electrolyte;
the electric arc material adding mechanism comprises a welding power supply, a driving arm and a working head connected with the driving arm, and the working head is arranged above the substrate;
the electrochemical discharge material reducing mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, and a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are respectively connected with the pulse power supply, wherein the tool electrode is arranged above the substrate, and the auxiliary electrode is arranged in the electrolyte.
2. The arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said pulsed power source comprises an anode and a cathode, said tool electrode being electrically connected to said cathode, and said auxiliary electrode being electrically connected to said anode.
3. The arc additive and electrochemical discharge material reduction composite manufacturing device according to claim 1, further comprising a vision recognition mechanism and a controller, wherein the vision recognition mechanism is mounted on the driving arm, the vision recognition mechanism is configured to scan a three-dimensional profile of a semi-formed part, send the extracted semi-formed part information to the controller, and the controller generates a material reduction path signal according to the semi-formed part information, sends the material reduction path signal to the lifting member, and controls the movement of the lifting member and the tool electrode based on the material reduction path signal.
4. The composite manufacturing device of arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive material according to claim 3, wherein said elevating member comprises a servo motor, a lead screw connected to said servo motor, and a lead screw pair in transmission connection with said lead screw, said lead screw pair is connected to said base plate, one end of said lead screw penetrates said base plate and extends into said electrolyte, and said servo motor is in signal connection with said controller.
5. The arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said visual recognition mechanism comprises a camera disposed facing said substrate.
6. The arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said working head comprises a welding torch and a welding wire, said welding wire is mounted on said welding torch, said welding torch is mounted on an end of said driving arm near said base plate, one pole of said welding power supply is electrically connected to said base plate, and the other pole of said welding power supply is electrically connected to said welding torch.
7. The arc additive and electrochemical discharge subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said drive arm is a six degree-of-freedom robotic arm.
8. The composite manufacturing method of the arc additive and the electrochemical discharge additive is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. outputting a three-dimensional model according to the processing requirement of a workpiece to be processed, segmenting the three-dimensional model layer by layer, and outputting electric arc stacking track information to a controller;
B. the controller receives the accumulation track information and selects corresponding process parameters such as current, voltage, wire feeding speed, gas flow rate and the like;
C. controlling the mechanical arm to control the welding gun and the welding wire to move above the substrate according to a preset track according to the accumulation track information and the process parameters, and performing electric arc additive manufacturing;
D. after the preset layer number forming is finished, controlling a visual identification mechanism to identify the semi-formed part, comparing the identified semi-formed part information with the three-dimensional model, and sending comparison result information to the controller;
E. and controlling the controller to generate a material reducing path signal according to the comparison result information and send the material reducing path signal to the lifting piece, wherein the lifting piece receives the material reducing path signal and drives the substrate to move downwards so that the semi-formed piece is immersed into the electrolyte for 2mm below, and then the semi-formed piece is subjected to electrochemical discharge material reduction based on the relative movement of the material reducing path and the material reducing tool electrode.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the controller generates a material reducing path according to the comparison result information and sends the material reducing path to a lifting member, the lifting member receives the material reducing path and drives the substrate and a material reducing tool electrode to move relatively, and after the step of performing electrochemical discharge material reduction on the semi-formed part, the method further comprises the following steps:
the process C, D, E is repeated until the finished semiformed part conforms to the predetermined three-dimensional model.
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