CN114871508B - Correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of integral crankshaft - Google Patents
Correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of integral crankshaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114871508B CN114871508B CN202210599657.9A CN202210599657A CN114871508B CN 114871508 B CN114871508 B CN 114871508B CN 202210599657 A CN202210599657 A CN 202210599657A CN 114871508 B CN114871508 B CN 114871508B
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- clamp
- crankshaft
- gear hobbing
- runout
- auxiliary tool
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F1/00—Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft comprises the following steps: 1) The correcting clamp is arranged at the rotation center position of the machine tool spindle: loading a clamp correction auxiliary tool, detecting the outer circle runout condition of the clamp correction auxiliary tool by adopting a dial indicator, and then adjusting the mounting position of the clamp to correct the outer circle runout within 0.003 mm; 2) Correcting excircle runout of a workpiece: placing one end of a crankshaft into a clamp, dropping an upper center of a machine tool, detecting excircle runout of a position to be hobbing of the crankshaft by adopting a dial indicator, and recording two positions with maximum excircle runout and minimum runout and the mutual difference of runout; 3) Correcting the rotation center position of the clamp on the machine tool spindle again: inserting the clamp correction auxiliary tool into the jacket again, and reversely adjusting the rotation center position of the clamp by utilizing the position of the maximum outer circle runout and the minimum outer circle runout and the mutual difference of runout measured in the step 2) by utilizing the dial indicator; 4) Putting one end of the crankshaft into the clamp again; 5) And determining the upper and lower dead points of the cutter stroke.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft.
Background
When the crankshaft gear is machined, the crankshaft is slightly bent and deformed due to the pressure of the top of the machine tool, and at the moment, gear hobbing is carried out, so that after the gear machining is finished, the top is loosened, the crankshaft deformation is recovered, the pitch circle of the gear is out of tolerance, the pitch and common normal line of the gear are out of tolerance, and the precision of the gear cannot be guaranteed. On the other hand, when the integral crankshaft is used for machining gears, the balance weights are arranged on the two sides of the part to be hobbing, and the radius of gyration of the balance weights is larger than that of the part to be hobbing, so that the hobbing cutter needs to hobbing in the space between the balance weights on the two sides, and the situation that the hobbing cutter collides with the balance weights easily occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft, which can solve the problem of out-of-tolerance gear pitch circle runout of the integral crankshaft and solves the problems existing in the prior art, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft comprises the following steps:
1) The correcting clamp is arranged at the rotation center position of the machine tool spindle:
Inserting a clamp correction auxiliary tool into a clamp sleeve of a clamp arranged on a machine tool spindle, positioning the clamp correction auxiliary tool in the radial direction, rotating the spindle, detecting the outer circle runout condition of the clamp correction auxiliary tool by adopting a dial gauge, adjusting the mounting position of the clamp, correcting the outer circle runout of the clamp within 0.003mm, and removing the clamp correction auxiliary tool;
2) Correcting excircle runout of a workpiece:
One end of a crankshaft is arranged in a jacket of a clamp, the radial direction of the crankshaft is positioned, two ends of the crankshaft are tightly pressed against the crankshaft by using pressure to form a fixed structure, the outer circle runout of a part of the crankshaft to be hobbing is detected by a dial indicator through the rotation of a main shaft, two positions with maximum outer circle runout and minimum runout and the mutual difference of runout are recorded, and then the crankshaft is taken down from the clamp;
3) Correcting the rotation center position of the clamp on the machine tool spindle again:
Inserting the clamp correction auxiliary tool into the jacket again, enabling the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool to be the same as the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool in the step 1), rotating the main shaft, and taking out the clamp correction auxiliary tool after the rotation center position of the clamp is adjusted in place by utilizing the dial indicator according to the two positions with maximum outer circle runout and minimum runout and the difference between runout measured in the step 2);
4) Putting one end of the crankshaft into a jacket of the clamp again, positioning the crankshaft in the radial direction, and tightly propping the crankshaft by using the center through the same pressure as that in the step 2) to form and fix the crankshaft;
5) Determining the upper and lower dead points of the cutter travel:
After the gear hobbing cutter is arranged on the machine tool, the upper and lower dead points of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter between the balance weights positioned at the upper and lower sides of the gear hobbing part are adjusted, so that the gear hobbing cutter is not contacted with the upper and lower balance weights when working.
The upper part of the fixture correction auxiliary tool is cylindrical, and the fixture correction auxiliary tool is used for detecting excircle runout by the dial indicator.
The clamp correction auxiliary tool in the step 2), the step 3) and the step 4) and the radial directional positioning of the crankshaft are both provided with positioning pins, the middle part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool is provided with a radial boss, and the radial boss is provided with a pin hole corresponding to the positioning pin.
The lower part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool is cylindrical, and the diameter of the section is consistent with that of the lower end of the crankshaft.
The method for adjusting the installation position of the clamp in the step 1) and the step 3) is to strike the base so that the whole clamp moves towards one direction.
In the step 5), when the bottom dead center of the gear hobbing cutter stroke is set, the axial lead of the gear hobbing cutter is lower than the lower end face of the gear hobbing part of the crankshaft, and the circumferential lower end edge of the gear hobbing cutter is not contacted with the balancing block below, so that the gear hobbing cutter is taken as the bottom dead center; when the upper dead point of the gear hobbing cutter stroke is set, a cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool is placed between the upper balance block and the gear hobbing cutter, so that the upper end face of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool is contacted with the lower end face of the balance block, and the lower end face of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool is contacted with the upper end edge of the circumference of the gear hobbing cutter to be used as the upper dead point.
The cross section of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil is the rectangle, and the rear end of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil is the portion of gripping, the portion of gripping extends forward and forms the through-end, be equipped with a boss between through-end and the portion of gripping, this boss is as the end, when setting for the top dead center of gear hobbing cutter stroke, supports the outer peripheral face of balancing piece of top with the end of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil, and the up end of the through-end of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil contacts with balancing piece lower extreme face.
When the bottom dead center of the gear hobbing cutter stroke is set, the axial lead of the gear hobbing cutter is 2mm lower than the lower end face of the position to be gear-hobbing of the crankshaft.
By adopting the technical scheme, the clamp is used for correcting the rotation center position of the clamp to reversely adjust, so that the clamp is used for correcting the jump and position opposite to the previous crankshaft, thereby counteracting the deformation caused by the tip pressure, and the cutter bar is used for adjusting the upper dead center and the lower dead center of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter to avoid the gear hobbing cutter to collide with the balance block of the crankshaft during gear hobbing, finish the processing of the gear hobbing part of the crankshaft, reduce the rejection rate of products, ensure the precision of the processed gear, avoid the problem of out-of-tolerance gear pitch circle jump, greatly improve the stability of the product quality, and smoothly realize the lean production scheme of the gear processing of the integral crankshaft.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure in which a jig correction aid is installed in a jig;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the crankshaft mounted in a fixture;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the jig correction aid;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the tool bar adjusting aid;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the tool bar adjustment accessory.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the method for correcting and adjusting gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft of the invention comprises:
referring to fig. 1-5, a method for correcting and adjusting gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft comprises the steps of:
1) The correcting clamp is arranged at the rotation center position of the machine tool spindle:
The lower part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is inserted into a clamping sleeve 3 of a clamp arranged on a machine tool spindle, so that the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is positioned by a positioning pin 8, the middle part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is provided with a radial boss, and the radial boss is provided with a pin hole corresponding to the positioning pin 8. The whole clamp is driven to rotate through the rotation of the main shaft, the dial indicator is adopted to detect the excircle jumping condition of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2, the upper portion of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is cylindrical, and the dial indicator is used for detecting excircle jumping. Then adjusting the mounting position of the clamp, wherein the method for adjusting the mounting position of the clamp is to manually strike the base 1, a spanner and other tools can be used to enable the whole clamp to move towards one direction, and after the runout of the outer circle is corrected to be within 0.003mm, the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is taken down; the lower part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the section is consistent with the diameter of the lower end of the crankshaft 18;
2) Correcting excircle runout of a workpiece:
One end of a crankshaft 18 is arranged in a jacket 3 of a clamp, the radial direction of the crankshaft 18 is positioned through a positioning pin 8, two ends of the crankshaft 18 are tightly pressed against the crankshaft 18 through pressure to form a fixed state, the pressure is precisely controlled through an oil cylinder, the whole clamp is driven to rotate through the rotation of a main shaft, the excircle runout of the position of the crankshaft 18 to be hobbing is detected by adopting a dial indicator, two positions with maximum excircle runout and minimum runout and the mutual difference of runout are recorded, and then the crankshaft is taken down from the clamp;
3) Correcting the rotation center position of the clamp on the machine tool spindle again:
Inserting the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 into the jacket 3 again, positioning the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 and the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool 1) by using a positioning pin 8, driving the whole clamp to rotate by using a main shaft to rotate, reversely adjusting the rotation center position of the clamp by using the difference between the two positions of maximum outer circle runout and minimum runout measured in the step 2) and runout, manually knocking the base 1 to move the whole clamp in one direction, enabling the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 to have the runout position opposite to that in the step 2) and the runout difference, and taking out the clamp correction auxiliary tool 2 after adjusting in place;
4) One end of the crankshaft 18 is put into the jacket 3 of the clamp again, the radial direction of the crankshaft 18 is positioned by the positioning pin 8, the two ends of the crankshaft 18 are tightly pressed against the crankshaft 18 by the center through the same pressure as that in the step 2) to form fixation, and the pressure is accurately controlled by an oil cylinder;
5) Determining the upper and lower dead points of the cutter travel:
after the gear hobbing cutter 7 is arranged on the machine tool, the upper and lower dead points of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter 7 between the balance weights positioned at the upper and lower sides of the gear hobbing part 16 are adjusted, so that the gear hobbing cutter 7 is not contacted with the upper and lower balance weights when working.
When the bottom dead center of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter 7 is set, the axial lead of the gear hobbing cutter 7 is lower than the lower end face of the gear hobbing part to be hobbing of the crankshaft 18 by visual inspection by about 2mm, and the circumferential lower end edge of the gear hobbing cutter 7 is not contacted with a balancing block below, so that the gear hobbing cutter is taken as the bottom dead center; when the upper dead point of the travel of the hobbing cutter 7 is set, a cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is placed between the upper balance block and the hobbing cutter 7, the cross section of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is rectangular, the rear end of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is a holding part 15, the holding part 15 extends forwards to form a through end 13, a boss is arranged between the through end 13 and the holding part 15 and is used as a stop end 17, when the upper dead point of the travel of the hobbing cutter 7 is set, the stop end 17 of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is used for abutting against the outer peripheral surface of the upper balance block, the upper end surface of the through end 13 of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is contacted with the lower end surface of the balance block, and the lower end surface of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14 is contacted with the circumferential upper end edge of the hobbing cutter 7 to be used as the upper dead point. An air-removing groove 9 is arranged between the stop end 17 and the through end 13 of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool 14, and the distance between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the through end 13 is 12-20 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the clamp is used for correcting the rotation center position of the clamp, the clamp is used for correcting the jump and the position opposite to the previous crankshaft, so that the deformation caused by the tip pressure is offset, the cutter bar is used for adjusting the upper dead center and the lower dead center of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter, the balance block of the crankshaft is prevented from being bumped by the gear hobbing cutter during gear hobbing, the machining of the gear hobbing part of the crankshaft is completed, the rejection rate of products is reduced, the precision of the machined gear is guaranteed, the problem that the jump of the gear pitch circle is out of tolerance is avoided, the stability of the product quality is greatly improved, and the lean production scheme of gear machining of the integral crankshaft is smoothly realized.
Claims (7)
1. The correcting and adjusting method for the gear hobbing of the integral crankshaft is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The correcting clamp is arranged at the rotation center position of the machine tool spindle:
Inserting a clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) into a jacket (3) of a clamp arranged on a machine tool spindle, positioning the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) in the radial direction, detecting the outer circle runout condition of the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) by a dial indicator through spindle rotation, adjusting the mounting position of the clamp, correcting the outer circle runout within 0.003 mm, and removing the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2);
2) Correcting excircle runout of a workpiece:
One end of a crankshaft (18) is arranged in a jacket (3) of a clamp, the radial direction of the crankshaft (18) is positioned, two ends of the crankshaft (18) are tightly pressed against the crankshaft (18) by using a center to form fixation, the outer circle runout of a part to be hobbing of the crankshaft (18) is detected by a dial indicator through rotation of a main shaft, two positions with maximum outer circle runout and minimum runout and the difference between runouts are recorded, and then the crankshaft is taken down from the clamp;
3) Correcting the rotation center position of the clamp on the machine tool spindle again:
Inserting the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) into the jacket (3) again, enabling the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) to be the same as the radial direction of the clamp correction auxiliary tool (1), rotating a main shaft, utilizing a dial indicator to adjust the rotation center position of the clamp reversely according to the two positions of maximum outer circle runout and minimum outer circle runout and the difference of runout measured in the step 2), enabling the whole clamp to move towards one direction, enabling the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) to have the difference of the runout position and the runout opposite to those in the step 2), and taking out the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) after adjusting in place;
4) One end of a crankshaft (18) is installed in a jacket (3) of the clamp again, the radial direction of the crankshaft (18) is positioned, and two ends of the crankshaft (18) are tightly propped against the crankshaft (18) by using the center through the same pressure as that in the step 2) to form fixation;
5) Determining the upper and lower dead points of the cutter travel:
After the gear hobbing cutter (7) is arranged on a machine tool, the upper and lower dead points of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter (7) between the balance weights positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the gear hobbing part are adjusted, so that the gear hobbing cutter (7) is not contacted with the upper and lower balance weights when working, when the lower dead point of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is set, the axial lead of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is lower than the lower end face of the gear hobbing part of the crankshaft (18), and the circumferential lower end edge of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is not contacted with the lower balance weight, thereby being used as the lower dead point; when the upper dead point of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is set, a cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool (14) is placed between the upper balance block and the gear hobbing cutter (7), so that the upper end face of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool (14) is contacted with the lower end face of the balance block, and the lower end face of the cutter bar adjusting auxiliary tool (14) is contacted with the upper end edge of the circumference of the gear hobbing cutter (7) to serve as the upper dead point.
2. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the fixture correction auxiliary tool (2) is cylindrical, and is used for detecting excircle runout by the dial indicator.
3. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radial direction positioning of the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) and the crankshaft (18) in the steps 2), 3) and 4) adopts positioning pins (8), and the clamp correction auxiliary tool is characterized in that
The middle part of the fixture correction auxiliary tool (2) is provided with a radial boss, and the radial boss is provided with a pin hole corresponding to the positioning pin (8).
4. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the clamp correction auxiliary tool (2) is cylindrical, and the diameter of the section is consistent with the diameter of the lower end of the crankshaft (18).
5. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for adjusting the mounting position of the clamp in the step 1) and the step 3) is to strike the base (1) so as to move the whole clamp in one direction.
6. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil (14) is the rectangle, and the rear end of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil (14) is gripping portion (15), gripping portion (15) extend forward and form through-end (13), be equipped with a boss between through-end (13) and gripping portion (15), this boss is as end stop (17), when setting for the top dead center of hobbing cutter (7) stroke, supports the outer peripheral face of balancing piece of top with end stop (17) of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil (14), and the up end of through-end (13) of cutter arbor adjustment assistance utensil (14) contacts with balancing piece lower extreme face.
7. The correction adjustment method of gear hobbing of an integral crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the bottom dead center of the stroke of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is set, the axial lead of the gear hobbing cutter (7) is lower than the lower end face of the gear hobbing part of the crankshaft (18) by 2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210599657.9A CN114871508B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of integral crankshaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210599657.9A CN114871508B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Correction and adjustment method for gear hobbing of integral crankshaft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114871508A CN114871508A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
| CN114871508B true CN114871508B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| CN114871508A (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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