CN114868835A - Application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens - Google Patents
Application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868835A CN114868835A CN202210486736.9A CN202210486736A CN114868835A CN 114868835 A CN114868835 A CN 114868835A CN 202210486736 A CN202210486736 A CN 202210486736A CN 114868835 A CN114868835 A CN 114868835A
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residues in growth performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens. The cardamine hupingshanesis medicine residue provided by the invention is equivalent to a novel Chinese herbal medicine feed additive which is recycled, the application effect of improving the growth performance and the egg quality of laying hens is achieved, the medicine residue left after cardamine hupingshanesis is extracted is applied, the nutritional value and the medicinal value of the cardamine hupingshanesis as a natural plant source traditional Chinese medicine are fully exerted, and a reference is provided for the development of the natural Chinese herbal medicine feed additive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens.
Background
In the process of breeding laying hens, the production performance and egg quality of the laying hens can be improved by applying the feed additive, and the problems of serious drug resistance, drug residue and the like are caused by long-term application of antibiotics, hormones and the like as the additive, and with the progress of the policies of resistance reduction, resistance limitation, resistance prohibition and resistance replacement, China completely withdraws from other drug feed additives with growth promotion effects except traditional Chinese medicines in 2020, so that the development of environment-friendly, residue-free, pollution-free, green and safe animal food additives becomes a hotspot and development trend at present.
The Chinese herbal medicine is used as a natural product, contains various bioactive substances and nutritional ingredients, has the advantages of multiple targets, low side effect, no obvious drug resistance and the like, can effectively improve the production performance of poultry, enhance the organism immunity of the poultry and improve the egg quality, and is widely used in the poultry breeding industry.
The cardamine hupingshanesis is a characteristic herbal medicine in Hubei and Hunan provinces of China, contains a large amount of natural selenium elements, is used as a trace element nutritional supplement to supplement selenium elements for human bodies at present, plays a role in removing free radicals to protect the health of organisms, and still has great development potential.
As a green and healthy natural Chinese herbal medicine with strong selenium gathering capability, whether the dregs of the cardamine hupingshanesis after the effective components are extracted still have nutritional and medicinal values is not reported, so that the development and utilization of cardamine hupingshanesis resources are limited, and the growth performance and the product quality of laying hens still need to be improved by adopting an effective method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens, and explores a novel and secondarily-utilized Chinese herbal medicine feed additive so as to solve the problems of low growth performance and low product quality of the laying hens.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
in the first application aspect of the invention, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the hylocereus undatus to the laying hens, and the oxidation resistance index of the laying hens is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of the laying hens.
Preferably, the oxidation resistance index of the laying hens comprises the contents of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase;
wherein the content of the superoxide dismutase comprises the content of the superoxide dismutase in the serum of the laying hen and the eggs.
Preferably, the content of superoxide dismutase and the content of catalase are measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
In a second application aspect of the invention, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the helwingia brown-shell laying hens, and the immunity index of the laying hens is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the immunity of the laying hens.
Preferably, the layer immunity index comprises serum immunoglobulin IgG content.
Preferably, the content of immunoglobulin IgG in serum of the laying hens is measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
In a third application aspect of the invention, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the helwingia brown-shell laying hens, and the selenium content index in the laying hens is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the selenium content in the laying hens.
Preferably, the selenium content index in the laying hen body comprises serum selenium content, muscle selenium content, liver selenium content and kidney selenium content.
Preferably, the serum selenium content is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry;
the muscle selenium content, the liver selenium content and the kidney selenium content are measured by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GB 5009.93-2017).
In a fourth application aspect of the invention, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the hylocereus undatus to the laying hens, and the production performance index of the laying hens is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the production performance of the laying hens.
Preferably, the production performance index includes egg production increase rate, egg weight increase rate, abnormal egg increase rate and feed-egg ratio.
Preferably, the egg production rate is (administration 30d egg production rate-administration 0d egg production rate)/administration 0d egg production rate × 100%; wherein laying rate is (total number of eggs/total number of chickens) × 100%;
the egg weight increase rate is (average egg weight at 30d administration-average egg weight at 0d administration)/average egg weight at 0d administration x 100%; wherein the average egg weight is the total egg weight/total egg production;
the abnormal egg growth rate is (abnormal egg rate at administration 30 d-abnormal egg rate at administration 0 d)/abnormal egg rate at administration 0d × 100%; wherein the abnormal egg rate is (abnormal egg number/total egg number) × 100%; the method is characterized in that the abnormal eggs comprise soft-shell eggs and shell-breaking eggs;
the feed-egg ratio is (feed intake/egg laying weight) x 100% in the test period.
In a fifth application aspect of the invention, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the helwingia brown shell laying hens, and the egg quality index is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the egg quality.
Preferably, the egg quality index includes a yolk color, a yolk ratio, a shell thickness, a shell ratio, an egg shape index and an egg selenium content.
Preferably, the yolk color comprises values determined by comparison using fifteen different color grades in a Roche (Roche) color fan;
the yolk ratio represents the ratio of the yolk weight to the whole egg weight, and comprises weighing the whole egg weight, opening the egg to remove egg white and frenulum, measuring the yolk weight and calculating;
the eggshell thickness is obtained by taking the eggshells at the blunt end, the middle part and the sharp end of the egg, removing the inner membrane of the eggshell by using tweezers, respectively measuring the thickness by using a micrometer screw and calculating the average value; the eggshell ratio refers to the percentage of the weight of the eggshells with the inner membranes of the shells removed to the weight of the eggs, and the ratio is obtained by analyzing according to the measured data; the egg shape index refers to the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the egg, and is obtained by measuring, recording, analyzing and calculating by using a vernier caliper;
the egg selenium content is determined according to the egg fresh sample using method in the GB5009 series food national safety standard element determination method.
Further, the cardamine hupingshanesis medicine residues comprise traditional Chinese medicine residues obtained by extracting the cardamine hupingshanesis through pharmacy, and specifically comprise the following steps:
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the cardamine hupingshanesis medicine residue provided by the invention is equivalent to a novel Chinese herbal medicine feed additive which is recycled, the application effect of improving the growth performance and the egg quality of laying hens is achieved, the medicine residue left after cardamine hupingshanesis is extracted is applied, the nutritional value and the medicinal value of the cardamine hupingshanesis as a natural plant source traditional Chinese medicine are fully exerted, and a reference is provided for the development of the natural Chinese herbal medicine feed additive.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a result graph of the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of laying hens, which is provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a result graph of the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the immunity of laying hens;
FIG. 3 is a result graph showing the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the selenium content in laying hens;
FIG. 4 is a result graph showing the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the production performance of laying hens;
fig. 5 is a result graph of the influence of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue on egg quality provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figure 1, the influence result of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of the laying hens is shown, the application of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of the laying hens is provided, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are used for feeding the helenchus niloticus and brown shell laying hens, and the oxidation resistance index of the laying hens is measured so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of the laying hens.
The cardamine hupingshanesis medicine dregs comprise traditional Chinese medicine dregs obtained by extracting the cardamine hupingshanesis through pharmacy, and specifically comprise the following steps:
In the above application, the antioxidant capacity index is not limited, but in order to further improve the accuracy of the pharmaceutical application, preferably, the antioxidant capacity index includes the contents of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, wherein the content of superoxide dismutase includes the content of superoxide dismutase in the serum and eggs of laying hens.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is preferably used for the determination of the superoxide dismutase content and the catalase content, but is not limited thereto.
As shown in a result chart of the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the immunity of the laying hens, the invention further provides application of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of the laying hens.
In the above application, the layer immunity index is not limited, but in order to further improve the accuracy of the pharmaceutical application, preferably, the layer immunity index includes serum immunoglobulin IgG content, but is not limited thereto.
The content of immunoglobulin IgG in the serum of the laying hens is preferably determined by adopting an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
As shown in fig. 3, the result of the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue on the selenium content in the laying hens is shown, the invention further provides the application of the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue in the growth performance of the laying hens, the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue is used for feeding the helwingia brown shell laying hens, and the index of the selenium content in the laying hens is measured to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue on the selenium content in the laying hens.
In the above application, the selenium content index in the laying hen body is not limited, but in order to further improve the accuracy of the pharmaceutical application, preferably, the selenium content index in the laying hen body includes serum selenium content, muscle selenium content, liver selenium content and kidney selenium content.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, preferably, the serum selenium content is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry; the muscle selenium content, the liver selenium content and the kidney selenium content are measured by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GB5009.93-2017), but are not limited to the measurement.
As shown in fig. 4, the result of the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue on the production performance of the laying hens is shown, the invention further provides an application of the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue in the growth performance of the laying hens, the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue is used for feeding the helwingia brown shell laying hens, and the production performance index of the laying hens is measured so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis herb residue on the production performance of the laying hens.
In the above application, the layer production performance index is not limited, but in order to further improve the accuracy of the pharmaceutical application, preferably, the layer production performance index includes an egg laying rate, an egg weight growth rate, an abnormal egg growth rate and a feed-egg ratio.
The method for calculating each index in the production performance indexes of the laying hens preferably adopts the following mode:
(iv) the laying rate increase ═ 30d egg laying rate administered-0 d egg laying rate administered)/0 d egg laying rate administered x 100%; wherein the laying rate is (total number of eggs/total number of chickens) × 100%;
the egg weight increase rate is (average egg weight at 30d administration-average egg weight at 0d administration)/average egg weight at 0d administration x 100%; wherein the average egg weight is the total egg weight/total egg production;
the abnormal egg growth rate is (abnormal egg rate at administration 30 d-abnormal egg rate at administration 0 d)/abnormal egg rate at administration 0d × 100%; wherein the abnormal egg rate is (abnormal egg number/total egg number) × 100%; the method is characterized in that the abnormal eggs comprise soft-shell eggs and shell-breaking eggs;
the feed-egg ratio is (feed intake/egg laying weight) x 100% in the test period.
As shown in fig. 5, a result graph of influence of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue on egg quality provides an application of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue in egg quality regulation, and the cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue is used for feeding helwingia brown shell laying hens and determining egg quality indexes so as to verify influence of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue on egg quality.
In the above application, the egg quality index is not limited, but in order to further improve the accuracy of the pharmaceutical application, preferably, the egg quality index includes a yolk color, a yolk ratio, a shell thickness, a shell ratio, an egg shape index and an egg selenium content; in the above indexes, the evaluation range of each index is not limited, but in order to further improve the detection accuracy, it is preferable that:
yolk color includes values determined by comparison of fifteen different color grades in a Roche (Roche) color fan; the yolk ratio is the ratio of the yolk weight to the whole egg weight, and comprises weighing the whole egg weight, opening the egg to remove egg white and frenulum, measuring the yolk weight, and calculating to obtain a value; the eggshell thickness refers to the eggshell at the blunt end, the middle part and the sharp end of the egg, the eggshell inner membrane is removed by using tweezers, the thickness is respectively measured by using a micrometer screw, and the average value is calculated to obtain a numerical value; the eggshell ratio is the percentage of the weight of the eggshell (after the inner membrane of the eggshell is removed) in the weight of the egg, and the ratio is obtained by analyzing according to the measured data; the egg shape index refers to the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the egg, and is a numerical value obtained by measuring, recording, analyzing and calculating by using a vernier caliper; the content of selenium in eggs is determined according to the application method of fresh egg samples in the GB5009 series food national safety standard element determination method.
The cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue mainly comprises traditional Chinese medicine residues obtained by extracting the cardamine hupingshanesis through pharmacy, but is not limited to the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and the cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue has the following additive amount: the high dose group was 0.05g/kg, and the low dose group was 0.01 g/kg.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
Example 1
Determining the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of the laying hens:
in this example 1, 2 concentrations of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs are added into daily ration of a laying hen, the superoxide dismutase content and the catalase content in serum of the laying hen and eggs are measured, and the effect of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs with different dosages on the anti-oxidation capacity of the laying hen is studied. The test animals are 190 days old helan brown shell laying hens, and the hens are healthy, have consistent immunization programs and similar body conditions and egg yield in unit time. The test chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups of 3 replicates each, 16 replicates each, using a completely random experimental design. Divided into a control group, a high dose group and a low dose group. The composition of the daily ration of each group is shown in table 1, the control group is only fed with basic daily ration, the high-dose group is fed with the basic daily ration plus 0.05g/kg cardamine hupingshanensis dregs, and the low-dose group is fed with the basic daily ration plus 0.01g/kg cardamine hupingshanensis dregs. The basic diet used in the test had the composition and nutritional levels shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 composition of the daily ration
TABLE 2 basal diet composition and nutritional level of tested laying hens
(1) The premix provides VA150000IU and VD for each kg of daily ration 3 50000IU，VE230mg，VK 3 20mg，VB 1 31mg,VB 2 105mg,VB 6 63mg,VB 12 0.3mg, nicotinic acid 460mg, pantothenic acid 168mg folic acid 12.6mg phytase 6000U.
(2) Measured values and calculated values for the rest.
On the basis of the above embodiment, on the 10 th day, 20 th day and 30 th day of the test, taking 2 chickens at random by taking one repetition as a unit, taking a blood sample from the infrawing vein, marking information, standing for about 1h at room temperature, centrifuging for 10min at 3000r/min, separating out serum, subpackaging into 1.5mL centrifuge tubes, and measuring relevant indexes such as oxidation resistance and the like by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method; meanwhile, taking 2 eggs randomly by taking one repetition as a unit, taking out egg yolks and egg white to prepare homogenate, and measuring relevant indexes such as oxidation resistance and the like by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
The results show that the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can obviously improve the contents of serum catalase, serum superoxide dismutase and egg superoxide dismutase of the laying hens, and improve the oxidation resistance of the laying hens to a certain extent. As can be seen from fig. 1A, the serum catalase contents of the high-dose treatment groups were higher than those of the control group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, the difference was significant at 20 days, and the difference was significant at 30 days; the low-dose group has no significant difference with the control group in 10 days and 20 days, and has a significant difference with the control group in 30 days, which indicates that the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can promote the catalase activity in the serum of the laying hens to be increased.
As can be seen from fig. 1B, the serum glutathione peroxidase content of the high-dose cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 10 days, significantly increased at 20 days, and did not significantly change at 30 days; the serum glutathione peroxidase content of the cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue treatment group at the 10 th day is obviously higher than that of the blank group, and the serum glutathione peroxidase content of the cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue treatment group at the 20 th day and the 30 th day has no obvious difference with that of the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 1C, the serum superoxide dismutase content of the high dose group and the low dose group was higher than that of the control group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, and showed an upward trend, the serum superoxide dismutase content of the high dose group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 20 days and 30 days, and the serum superoxide dismutase content of the low dose group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 30 days.
As can be seen from FIG. 1D, the content of superoxide dismutase in the eggs of the high-dose group was significantly different between 20 days and 30 days, compared with the control group; the content of the egg superoxide dismutase in the low-dose group is higher than that in the control group on 10 th day, 20 th day and 30 th day, and the difference is very obvious.
Example 2
Determining the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the immunity of the laying hens:
on the basis of the above examples, the level of immunoglobulin IgG in the egg-laying hens was measured by ELISA after blood collection and serum separation on the 10 th, 20 th and 30 th days of the experiment.
The result shows that the high-dose cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can improve the level of immunoglobulin IgG in the serum of the laying hens and improve the immunity of the laying hens to a certain extent. As can be seen from fig. 2, the IgG level of the high-dose cardamine hupingshanesis decoction dreg group at day 10 is significantly lower than that of the control group, the IgG level of the high-dose cardamine hupingshanesis decoction dreg group at day 20 is significantly higher than that of the control group, and the IgG level of the high-dose cardamine hupingshanesis decoction dreg group at day 30 is significantly higher than that of the control group; IgG levels of the low-dose cardamine hupingshanensis dreg group in 10 days and 30 days are lower than those of the control group, the difference is extremely obvious, and the IgG level in the 20 th day is higher than that of the control group, and the difference is not obvious.
Example 3
Determining the influence of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residues on the selenium content in the laying hen:
on the basis of example 1, on the 10 th day, 20 th day and 30 th day of the test, the laying hens are subjected to blood collection and serum separation, collected serum samples of all the treated laying hens are subjected to wet digestion by nitric acid-perchloric acid mixed acid (9:1), and then the selenium content of the collected serum samples is measured by adopting an atomic absorption spectrometry; meanwhile, taking one repetition as a unit, randomly selecting 2 chickens, adopting neck bloodletting to die, opening the abdominal cavity, taking the liver, the kidney and part of the pectoral muscle, respectively preparing collected liver tissues, kidney tissues and muscle tissues into homogenate, carrying out wet digestion by using nitric acid-perchloric acid mixed acid (9:1), and then adopting hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GB5009.93-2017) to determine the selenium content.
The result shows that the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can improve the serum selenium content of the laying hens, but cannot improve the muscle, liver and kidney selenium content of the laying hens. As can be seen from fig. 3A, the serum selenium content in the high dose group and the low dose group was significantly different from that in the control group in all of the 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days.
As can be seen from fig. 3B, the muscle selenium content in the high dose group was higher than that in the control group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days without significant difference; the muscle selenium content of the low-dose groups at 10 days, 20 days and 30 days has no significant difference from that of the control group, but is in an ascending trend along with the increase of time.
As can be seen from fig. 3C, the content of hepatic selenium in the high dose group and the low dose group was not significantly different from that in the control group at days 10, 20, and 30.
As can be seen from fig. 3D, the renal selenium content in the high dose group and the low dose group was not significantly different from that in the control group at days 10, 20, and 30.
Example 4
Determining the influence of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the production performance of the laying hens:
on the basis of example 1, starting from test No. 0d, 11 a.m: 30, picking up eggs, and recording the production condition of each group of laying hens, wherein the production condition is detailed in the following indexes. Observing and monitoring the health condition, feed intake and excrement excretion of the laying hens. And calculating and recording various index data.
Laying rate ═ total egg laying/total chicken) × 100%
Egg production increase rate ═ egg production rate on day 30-day 0)/egg production rate on day 0 × 100%
Average egg weight ═ total egg weight/total egg number
Egg weight gain rate (30 th balance average egg weight-0 th balance average egg weight)/0 th balance average egg weight × 100% abnormal egg rate (soft, broken egg number/total egg number) × 100%
Abnormal egg growth rate (abnormal egg rate at day 30-abnormal egg rate at day 0)/abnormal egg rate at day 0 × 100%
The feed-egg ratio (feed intake/egg laying weight) is 100%
The result shows that the cardamine hupingshanesis decoction dregs can improve the laying rate and the egg weight growth rate of the laying hens and reduce the abnormal egg growth rate of the laying hens. As can be seen from fig. 4A, the egg production rate of the high-dose group of laying hens was significantly higher than that of the control group; the low dose group showed no significant increase in egg production rate but showed an increased tendency compared to the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 4B, the rate of increase in egg weight was not significantly different between the high dose group and the low dose group, but increased, as compared to the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 4C, the abnormal egg growth rates of the high dose group and the low dose group both showed negative growth behaviors, and the abnormal egg laying phenomenon was improved.
As can be seen from fig. 4D, the egg-feed ratio of the high-dose group and the low-dose group was not significantly different from that of the control group.
Example 5
On the basis of example 4, fifteen different color grades in Roche (Roche) colorimetric fan are used for comparison to determine the numerical value of the color of the egg yolk; removing inner membranes of shells of blunt ends, middle parts and sharp ends of eggs by using tweezers, and measuring by using a micrometer to obtain the thickness of the shells; measuring and recording the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the egg by using a vernier caliper, and calculating the ratio of the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter to obtain an egg shape index; the egg selenium content is determined according to the egg fresh sample using method in the GB5009 series food national safety standard element determination method. The yolk ratio and the eggshell ratio were calculated according to the following formulas:
yolk ratio (yolk weight/egg weight) × 100%
The eggshell ratio (eggshell weight/egg weight) × 100%
The results show that the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can increase the color of the egg yolk, increase the ratio of the egg yolk, increase the thickness of the egg shell, increase the ratio of the egg shell and improve the egg shape index.
As can be seen from fig. 5A, the color of the yolk in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 20 days and 30 days; the yolk color of the low dose group was not significantly different from that of the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 5B, the yolk ratio was increased in the high dose group and the low dose group for 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, and the difference was very significant compared to the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 5C, the eggshell thickness was slightly increased at 10 days in the high dose group compared to the control group, but was not significantly different from the control group, the eggshell thickness was significantly increased at 20 days, and the eggshell thickness was significantly increased at 30 days; the low dose group slightly increased the thickness of the eggshell at 10 days and 20 days, and had no significant difference compared with the control group, and the eggshell thickness was greatly increased at 30 days.
As can be seen from fig. 5D, the eggshell ratio was increased in the high dose group and the low dose group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, and the difference was very significant compared to the control group.
As can be seen in fig. 5E, the egg shape index was significantly improved in the high dose group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days; the low-dose group has no significant difference compared with the control group at 10 days and 20 days, improves the egg-shaped index at 30 days, and has very significant difference compared with the control group.
As can be seen from fig. 5F, the selenium content in the eggs of the high-dose group and the low-dose group was not significantly different from that of the control group at 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, but at 30 days, the selenium content in the eggs of the two test groups was slightly higher than that of the control group, and was positively correlated with the dose, but the difference was still not significant.
In conclusion, the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs can increase the contents of serum catalase, serum superoxide dismutase and egg superoxide dismutase of the laying hens; increasing serum IgG levels; improving the selenium content in the serum; the egg laying growth rate and the egg weight growth rate of the laying hens are improved, and the abnormal egg growth rate of the laying hens is reduced; increase the color of the yolk, increase the ratio of the yolk, increase the thickness of the eggshell, increase the ratio of the eggshell and improve the egg shape index. The oxidation resistance, immunity, selenium content in vivo, production performance and egg quality of the laying hens are improved to a certain extent. And residual medicine dregs after cardamine hupingshanesis is extracted are applied, so that the nutritional value and the medicinal value of the cardamine hupingshanesis as a natural plant source traditional Chinese medicine are fully exerted, and a reference is provided for the development of a natural Chinese herbal medicine feed additive.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (16)
1. An application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens is characterized in that,
feeding the hylocereus undatus-brown-shell laying hens with the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs, and measuring the oxidation resistance index of the laying hens so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the oxidation resistance of the laying hens.
2. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation resistance index of the laying hens comprises the contents of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase;
wherein the content of the superoxide dismutase comprises the content of the superoxide dismutase in the serum of the laying hen and the eggs.
3. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens as claimed in claim 2, wherein the superoxide dismutase content and the catalase content are measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
4. An application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens is characterized in that,
feeding the hylocereus undatus-brown-shell laying hens with the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs, and determining the immunity index of the laying hens so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the immunity of the laying hens.
5. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance of laying hens according to claim 4, wherein the immunity index of the laying hens comprises serum immunoglobulin IgG content.
6. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens according to claim 5, wherein the content of immunoglobulin IgG in serum of the laying hens is measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
7. An application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens is characterized in that,
feeding the hylocereus undatus-brown-shell laying hens with the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs, and determining the selenium content index in the laying hens so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the selenium content in the laying hens.
8. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in growth performance of laying hens according to claim 5, wherein the selenium content indexes in the laying hens comprise serum selenium content, muscle selenium content, liver selenium content and kidney selenium content.
9. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens according to claim 8, wherein the serum selenium content is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry;
the muscle selenium content, the liver selenium content and the kidney selenium content are measured by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GB 5009.93-2017).
10. An application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in the growth performance of laying hens is characterized in that,
feeding the hylocereus undatus-brown-shell laying hens with the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs, and measuring the production performance index of the laying hens so as to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the production performance of the laying hens.
11. The use of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue in growth performance of laying hens according to claim 10, wherein the production performance indexes comprise egg laying rate, egg weight rate, abnormal egg rate and feed-egg ratio.
12. The application of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residues in the growth performance of laying hens according to claim 11,
(iv) the laying rate increase ═ 30d egg laying rate administered-0 d egg laying rate administered)/0 d egg laying rate administered x 100%; wherein laying rate is (total number of eggs/total number of chickens) × 100%;
the egg weight increase rate is (average egg weight at 30d administration-average egg weight at 0d administration)/average egg weight at 0d administration x 100%; wherein the average egg weight is the total egg weight/total egg production;
the abnormal egg growth rate is (abnormal egg rate at administration 30 d-abnormal egg rate at administration 0 d)/abnormal egg rate at administration 0d × 100%; wherein the abnormal egg rate is (abnormal egg number/total egg number) × 100%; the method is characterized in that the abnormal eggs comprise soft-shell eggs and shell-breaking eggs;
the feed-egg ratio is (feed intake/egg laying weight) x 100% in the test period.
13. An application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in regulating egg quality is characterized in that,
feeding the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs to the Hailan brown shell laying hens, and measuring the egg quality index to verify the influence of the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs on the egg quality.
14. The use of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue in growth performance of laying hens as claimed in claim 13, wherein the egg quality index includes yolk color, yolk ratio, shell thickness, shell ratio, egg shape index and egg selenium content.
15. The application of cardamine hupingshanesis herb residue in production performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens according to claim 14, which is characterized in that,
the yolk color comprises values determined by comparing fifteen different color grades in a Roche (Roche) color fan;
the yolk ratio represents the ratio of the weight of the yolk to the weight of the whole egg, and is obtained by weighing the whole egg, opening the egg to remove egg white and frenulum, measuring the weight of the yolk and calculating;
the eggshell thickness is obtained by taking the eggshells at the blunt end, the middle part and the sharp end of the egg, removing the inner membrane of the eggshell by using forceps, respectively measuring the thickness by using a screw micrometer and calculating the average value; the eggshell ratio refers to the percentage of the weight of the eggshells with the inner membranes removed from the eggshells in the weight of the eggshells, and the ratio is obtained by analyzing according to the measured data; the egg shape index refers to the ratio of the longitudinal diameter to the transverse diameter of the egg, and is obtained by measuring, recording, analyzing and calculating by using a vernier caliper;
the egg selenium content is determined according to the egg fresh sample using method in the GB5009 series food national safety standard element determination method.
16. The application of cardamine hupingshanensis dregs in production performance and egg quality regulation of laying hens according to claims 1-15, wherein the cardamine hupingshanensis dregs comprise traditional Chinese medicine dregs obtained by extracting cardamine hupingshanensis in a pharmaceutical manner, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, crushing cardamine hupingshanensis, degreasing and drying;
step 200, soaking cardamine hupingshanensis in 75% alcohol solution at the temperature of 60 +/-5 ℃ for 1 hour to remove small molecular sugar, metal ions and inorganic selenium impurities;
step 300, filtering the mixture obtained after soaking, removing the alcohol solution, and drying to obtain cardamine hupingshanensis powder;
step 400, adding a proper amount of water into the cardamine hupingshanensis powder, wherein the mass ratio of the cardamine hupingshanensis powder to the water is 1: and 8, carrying out water extraction for 1 hour at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, repeatedly extracting for two times, combining the filtrates for subsequent selenoprotein extraction, and using the residual dregs as a feed additive in the patent to feed the hylocereus hybridus brown shell laying hens.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105433024A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县城西畜牧养殖专业合作社 | Health care laying hen feed additive |
| CN105533150A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-05-04 | 全椒县城西畜牧养殖专业合作社 | Organic selenium enriched laying hen feed additive |
| CN107080094A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-22 | 白可可 | A kind of feed addictive of layer chicken |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105433024A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县城西畜牧养殖专业合作社 | Health care laying hen feed additive |
| CN105533150A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-05-04 | 全椒县城西畜牧养殖专业合作社 | Organic selenium enriched laying hen feed additive |
| CN107080094A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-22 | 白可可 | A kind of feed addictive of layer chicken |
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Application publication date: 20220809 |