CN114868632A - Water supplementing system suitable for arid area greenery patches - Google Patents
Water supplementing system suitable for arid area greenery patches Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868632A CN114868632A CN202210611411.9A CN202210611411A CN114868632A CN 114868632 A CN114868632 A CN 114868632A CN 202210611411 A CN202210611411 A CN 202210611411A CN 114868632 A CN114868632 A CN 114868632A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 494
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 claims description 118
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/06—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from underground
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a water replenishing system suitable for a green land in a drought area, which comprises: an upper layer water collecting pipe (2), a direct water ecological purification device (3), a secondary water treatment device (4), a direct water collecting device (7) and a sprinkling irrigation device (5). The invention can fully utilize local water resources, save water and transportation cost, is suitable for areas with serious salinization and ensures the safety of water supply. The invention integrates water collection and delivery and ecological water purification of the pipeline, and avoids soil hardening and salinization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological environment, in particular to a water replenishing system suitable for green lands in arid regions.
Background
At present, a relatively perfect green land irrigation system is established in arid regions, but due to the fact that the amount of precipitation in the arid regions is small, water resources are short, the amount of soil evaporation and plant transpiration is large, irrigated water is quickly robbed away, only large trees can absorb the water because the water absorption speed is high, other green land plants grow poorly or even die because of the lack of sufficient water, and a large amount of financial resources and material resources are wasted. In the prior art, a scheme of continuously supplementing water from other areas is adopted, and a green land irrigation system is utilized to solve the technical problem; however, in arid regions, water resources are scarce, and continuous water supplement is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid area fully collects and purifies various water resources in the arid area to supply to the green land.
In order to solve the technical problems, the water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid region is realized as follows:
a water replenishing system suitable for a green land in a drought area comprises: an upper layer water collecting pipe 2, a direct water ecological purification device 3, a secondary water treatment device 4, a direct water collecting device 7 and a sprinkling irrigation device 5;
the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is buried in surface soil around the big trees in the green land, collects surface water and conveys the surface water to a secondary water treatment device 4;
herbaceous plants with developed root systems are planted on the upper portion of the direct water ecological purification device 3, microorganisms are distributed under the herbaceous plants with developed root systems, rainwater falling into the direct water ecological purification device 3 and water evaporated by the secondary water treatment device (4) are subjected to ecological purification, and then the rainwater flows into the direct water collection device 7 to be stored;
the secondary water treatment device 4 is used for evaporating the surface water collected by the upper layer water collecting pipe 2;
the lower layer water collecting pipe in the direct water collecting device 7 is deeply buried under the big trees in the green land and in the soil around the big trees, collects the underground water and stores the water purified by the direct water ecological purifying device 3, and provides the underground water and the water purified by the direct water ecological purifying device 3 for the sprinkling irrigation device 5;
and the sprinkling irrigation device 5 is used for pumping the direct water stored in the direct water collecting device 3 out of the sprinkling irrigation green land.
Optionally, the water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid region further includes: a big tree protecting cylinder 1 and a big tree irrigating device 6;
the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is a hollow cylinder and surrounds the root of a big tree which is 20-30cm below soil for a circle, and the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is hollow;
the big tree watering device 6 is used for pumping the direct water in the direct water collecting device, conveying the direct water into the hollow wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 to water big trees, and conveying the direct water into the direct water ecological purification device 3 to water herbaceous plants with developed root systems; the water level of the big tree watering device 6 which can pump water in the direct water collecting device 7 is higher than the water level of the sprinkler irrigation device 5 which can pump water in the direct water collecting device 7.
Optionally, the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is of an annular hollow structure and is provided with a protecting cylinder inner wall and a protecting cylinder outer wall, the upper half part of the inner side of the protecting cylinder inner wall is provided with a tenon structure 1-1, and the tenon structure 1-1 contacts with a tree body; a pile casing protection net 1-2 is arranged at the top of the big tree pile casing and between the big tree and the outer wall of the pile casing, and a pile casing wall filter layer 1-3 is arranged below the pile casing protection net 1-2 and between the outer wall of the pile casing and the inner wall of the pile casing; a section of space is arranged between the filter layer 1-3 of the wall of the protecting cylinder and the filter screen 1-5 in the protecting cylinder, and is the upper space 1-4 of the wall of the protecting cylinder, and a supporting structure is arranged in the space to support the inner wall of the protecting cylinder and the outer wall of the protecting cylinder; the filter screen 1-5 in the protective cylinder is arranged between the outer wall of the protective cylinder and the inner wall of the protective cylinder; the lower space 1-7 of the pile casing is arranged below the filter screen 1-5 in the pile casing and extends to the bottom of the big tree pile casing 1, and the soaking screen 1-8 is arranged at the bottom of the big tree pile casing 1 and is paved around the root of a big tree; a protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 1-6 is arranged on the section 1-7 of the lower space of the protecting cylinder and the outer wall of the protecting cylinder, a distance is reserved between the water inlet of the protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 6 and the bottom of the lower space 1-7 of the protecting cylinder, and the water outlet of the protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 6 is arranged outside the big tree protecting cylinder 1.
Optionally, the big tree watering compressed water pump 6-1 of the big tree watering device 6 is fixed in the direct water collecting tank 7-4 of the direct water collecting device 7, and the fixed position is higher than the bottom of the direct water collecting tank 7-4 by a certain distance; the big tree irrigation compressed water pump 6-1 is connected with the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe 6-2, the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe 6-2 is connected with a big tree irrigation tee 6-3 upwards, one is communicated to the big tree protection cylinder 1, and the other is communicated to the direct water ecological purification device 3.
Optionally, the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is buried 20-30cm below the soil, and at least two or more water inlets 2-1 of the upper layer water collecting pipe are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall; the pipe wall of the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is wound with a permeable and compact grid to prevent soil particles from entering the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 through a water inlet 2-1 of the upper layer water collecting pipe; and water collected by the water inlet holes 2-1 of the upper-layer water collecting pipe enters the upper-layer water collecting pipe 2 and flows into the secondary water body treatment device 4.
Optionally, at least two or more lower water collecting pipe water inlets 7-2 are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 of the direct water collecting device 7; the outer wall of the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 is wound with a permeable and compact grid to prevent soil particles from entering the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 through the lower water collecting pipe inlet 7-2; the water collected by the water inlet hole 7-2 of the lower water collecting pipe enters the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 and flows to the water outlet 7-3 of the lower water collecting pipe to enter the direct water collecting tank 7-4.
Optionally, an upper layer protection grid 3-1 is arranged on the upper layer of the direct water ecological purification device 3, and round openings larger than grid openings are arranged on the grid at intervals and used for planting herbaceous plants with developed root systems; a planting substrate 3-2 of herbaceous plants with developed root systems is arranged below the upper layer of protective grating 3-1, a microorganism filtering grating 3-3 is arranged below the planting substrate 3-2, microorganisms are fully distributed on the microorganism filtering grating 3-3, the planting substrate 3-2 and the microorganism filtering grating 3-3 are separated by a water permeable mesh cloth, and a sponge body 3-4 is arranged below the microorganism filtering grating 3-3; concrete broken stone protection structures 3-7 are arranged below and around the sponge 3-4, support the sponge 3-4 and the parts above the sponge 3 of the direct water ecological purification device 3, and provide storage and circulation channels for the direct water filtered by the sponge 3-4 and the parts above the sponge 3 of the direct water ecological purification device 3; a ventilation channel 3-5 which penetrates through the upper part and the lower part is arranged in the middle of the sponge 3-4 and the upper part of the direct water ecological purification device 3; the upper end of the ventilation channel 3-5 is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device 3 to the ground, and the lower end of the ventilation channel is connected to a direct water storage position of the concrete macadam protection structure 3-7, so that gas exchange between the direct water ecological purification device 3 and the outside is realized; the top end of the part of the ventilation channel 3-5, which is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device 3, is provided with an umbrella-shaped protection structure.
Optionally, the secondary water treatment device 4 comprises an evaporation water accumulation tank 4-1 and a lower water collection tank 4-2, the lower water collection tank 4-2 stores surface water collected by the upper water collection pipe 2, and a lower water collection tank water pump 4-2-2 pumps water stored in the lower water collection tank 4-2 into the evaporation water accumulation tank 4-1; after water in the evaporation water accumulation box 4-1 is evaporated, water is condensed into water drops on a cover plate 4-1-1 of the evaporation water accumulation box, and the water drops flow into the direct water ecological purification device 3 along a cover plate prism 4-1-1-1 on the cover plate 4-1-1 of the evaporation water accumulation box.
Optionally, the side wall of the upper part of the lower water collecting tank 4-2 is provided with a vent hole, which is connected with a lower water collecting tank vent hole 4-1-2 leading to the ground surface, and an outlet of the lower water collecting tank vent hole 4-1-2 is provided with a lower water collecting tank vent hole grid 4-1-3 made of a grid and a dense net.
Optionally, the compressed sprinkling irrigation water pump 5-1 of the sprinkling irrigation device 5 is fixed at the bottom of the direct water collecting tank 7-4 of the direct water collecting device 7 and is connected with the sprinkling irrigation water pipe 5-2 of the sprinkling irrigation device 5, the sprinkling irrigation water pipe 5-2 is communicated with a distance higher than the ground, and the outlet of the sprinkling irrigation water pipe 5-2 is provided with the sprinkling irrigation nozzle 5-3 or other water pipe connectors.
According to the water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid area, the upper layer water collecting pipe, the direct water collecting device and the direct water ecological purifying device collect various local water, and the water capable of being utilized in the arid area is fully collected for the green land. The collected water is purified by the secondary water treatment device and the direct water ecological purification device, so that the method is particularly suitable for areas with serious salinization, and the safety of water supply is guaranteed. The invention integrates water collection and delivery and ecological water purification of the pipeline, and avoids soil hardening and salinization.
Furthermore, the water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid area is provided with the big tree protecting cylinder and the big tree watering device, so that the water of the big tree can be effectively supplied for a long time, the big tree is protected from being competitive with other plants under the forest, the ecological balance in the green land is ensured, and the green land can survive for a long time in the arid area with severe environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a water replenishing system suitable for green lands in arid regions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water replenishing system suitable for a green land in a drought area, provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a large tree guard provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the direct water ecological purification device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of 3-3 of FIG. 5 provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of 4-1-1 in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1 big tree protecting cylinder, 1-2 protecting cylinder protecting nets, 1-3 protecting cylinder wall filtering layers, 1-4 protecting cylinder wall upper space, 1-5 protecting cylinder inner filtering net, 1-6 protecting cylinder water outlet pipe, 1-7 protecting cylinder lower space and 1-8 soaking net;
2, an upper layer water collecting pipe, 2-1, a water inlet of the upper layer water collecting pipe and 2-2, a water outlet of the upper layer water collecting pipe;
3, a direct water ecological purification device, 3-1 an upper layer protection grid, 3-2 a planting matrix, 3-3 a biological filtration grid, 3-3-1 a biological filtration grid net, 3-3-2 a microbial filtration grid frame, 3-4 a cavernous body, 3-5 a ventilation channel, 3-6 a ground air pore channel, 3-7 a concrete macadam protection structure and 3-8 a direct water storage place;
4 secondary water treatment device, 4-1 evaporation water accumulation tank, 4-1-1 evaporation water accumulation tank cover plate, 4-1-1-1 cover plate, 4-1-2 lower water collection tank ventilation channel, 4-1-3 lower water collection tank ventilation channel grid, 4-2 lower water collection tank, 4-2-2 lower water collection tank water pump, 4-2-3 lower water collection tank water pump pipe;
5, a sprinkling irrigation device, 5-1 a sprinkling irrigation compressed water pump, 5-2 a sprinkling irrigation water pipe and 5-3 a sprinkling irrigation spray head;
a 6 big tree irrigation device, a 6-1 big tree irrigation compressed water pump, a 6-1-1 upper fixing frame, a 6-1-2 lower supporting frame, a 6-2 big tree irrigation water delivery pipe, a 6-3 big tree irrigation tee joint and a 6-4 big tree irrigation tee joint;
7 direct water collecting device, 7-1 lower part collecting pipe, 7-2 lower part collecting pipe water inlet, 7-3 lower part collecting pipe water outlet, 7-4 direct water collecting pool.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
The green land water replenishing system suitable for the arid area integrates water collection and water purification and is used for replenishing water to the green land of the arid area. The following examples are presented in detail:
example one
As shown in figure 1, the water replenishing system applicable to the green land in the arid region comprises: an upper layer water collecting pipe 2, a direct water ecological purification device 3, a secondary water treatment device 4, a direct water collecting device 7 and a sprinkling irrigation device 5;
the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is buried in surface soil around the big trees in the green land, collects surface water and conveys the surface water to a secondary water treatment device 4;
herbaceous plants with developed root systems are planted on the upper portion of the direct water ecological purification device 3, microorganisms are distributed under the herbaceous plants with developed root systems, rainwater falling into the direct water ecological purification device and water evaporated by the secondary water treatment device 4 are subjected to ecological purification, and then the rainwater flows into the direct water collection device 7 to be stored;
the secondary water treatment device 4 is used for evaporating the surface water collected by the upper layer water collecting pipe 2;
the lower layer water collecting pipe in the direct water collecting device 7 is deeply buried under the big trees in the green land and in the soil around the big trees, collects the underground water and stores the water purified by the direct water ecological purifying device 3, and provides the underground water and the water for the sprinkling irrigation device 5;
and the sprinkling irrigation device 5 is used for pumping the direct water stored in the direct water collecting device 3 out of the sprinkling irrigation green land.
In this embodiment, the upper water collecting pipe, the direct water collecting device and the direct water ecological purifying device collect various water resources which can be utilized in the arid area, the direct water ecological purifying device and the secondary water treatment device purify the collected water, and the sprinkling irrigation device uses the collected and purified water to spray the plants in the green land. The local water resource can be fully utilized, and water is not required to be transported outside; the moisture after multiple treatments is very suitable for green plants to absorb; the invention is especially suitable for salinization areas, and can improve the salt alkalinity of soil after long-term use.
Example two
In the embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a big tree protecting cylinder 1 and a big tree irrigating device 6 are added;
the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is a hollow cylinder, surrounds the root of a big tree which is 20-30cm below soil for a circle, and the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is hollow;
the big tree watering device 6 is used for pumping the direct water in the direct water collecting device, conveying the direct water into the hollow wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 to water big trees, and conveying the direct water into the direct water ecological purification device 3 to water herbaceous plants with developed root systems; the watering device 6 can pump water in the direct water collecting device 7 at a higher level than the sprinkling irrigation device 5 can pump water in the direct water collecting device 7.
This embodiment has set up the device of specially watering moisture for big tree, ensures that enough big tree moisture is sufficient in the greenery patches, and the big tree of protection does not compete with other under-forest plants, ensures the moisture of other under-forest plants, keeps the ecological balance of greenery patches, more is favorable to the greenery patches to survive for a long time in the arid area that the environment is abominable, continuously improves local environment, has more manpower and materials to improve the environment in more areas.
The first embodiment and the second embodiment show the core idea of the present invention, and the present invention further provides a specific scheme for implementing the core idea, which is described in detail as follows.
As shown in figure 2, the line A in figure 2 is a ground surface line, most of the devices of the water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid region are arranged below the ground surface, and only part of the devices, such as the direct water ecological purification device 3 and the secondary water treatment device 4, are arranged above the ground surface. The invention is suitable for various devices of a green land water replenishing system in a drought area as follows:
1. big tree protecting cylinder
As shown in figures 2 and 3, the big tree guard 1 is a hollow cylinder buried underground and surrounds the root of a big tree 20-30cm under the soil. The top of the big tree protecting cylinder is arranged on the ground surface, and in order to prevent various sundries on the ground surface from entering the big tree protecting cylinder, a protecting cylinder protecting net 1-2 is arranged between the big tree and the outer wall of the protecting cylinder on the top of the big tree protecting cylinder 1. The wall of the big tree protecting cylinder 1 is of an annular hollow structure and is provided with a protecting cylinder inner wall and a protecting cylinder outer wall; the tenon structure 1-1 is arranged on the upper half part of the inner side of the inner wall of the protecting cylinder, the tenon structure 1-1 contacts with the tree body, a certain space is ensured between the upper half part of the big tree protecting cylinder and the tree body, and the big tree can not grow due to the fact that the big tree protecting cylinder is too close to the tree body. A pile casing wall filtering layer 1-3 is arranged below the pile casing protecting net 1-2 and between the outer wall of the pile casing and the inner wall of the pile casing, and the pile casing wall filtering layer 1-3 is of a sponge structure and can filter water and prevent small soil impurity particles from entering the wall of the big tree pile casing; a space is arranged between the filter layer 1-3 of the wall of the protecting cylinder and the filter screen 1-5 in the protecting cylinder, and is the upper space 1-4 of the wall of the protecting cylinder, a supporting structure is arranged in the space to support the inner wall and the outer wall of the protecting cylinder, so that the inner wall and the inner wall of the protecting cylinder are prevented from being extruded together due to the extrusion of soil in the large tree protecting cylinder embedded in the soil.
The filter screen 1-5 in the protective cylinder is arranged between the outer wall of the protective cylinder and the inner wall of the protective cylinder, and the filter screen 1-5 in the protective cylinder is a secondary filter screen in the protective cylinder and is made of compact and durable materials such as gauze. The lower space 1-7 of the protecting cylinder is arranged below the filter screen 1-5 in the protecting cylinder and extends to the bottom of the big tree protecting cylinder 1; the soaking net 1-8 is arranged at the bottom of the big tree protection cylinder 1, and when the big tree protection cylinder 1 is buried, the soaking net 1-8 is laid on the bottom surface of the big tree protection cylinder 1 around the root of a big tree; the soaking net 1-8 is made of a woven fabric material which is easy to absorb water and high in toughness, when the water stored in the wall of the big tree protection cylinder is less, the soaking net 1-8 can slowly supply the water to the big tree for absorption, so that the root of the big tree can effectively absorb the water, and the root of the big tree can be ensured to have enough water. The soaking nets 1-8 are laid around the roots of the big trees and can extend into the soil outside the big tree protection cylinder, so that more water can be absorbed by the big trees.
A section 1-7 of the lower space of the protecting cylinder and the outer wall of the protecting cylinder are provided with a protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 1-6, a distance is reserved between the water inlet of the protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 6 and the bottom of the lower space 1-7 of the protecting cylinder, and the water outlet of the protecting cylinder water outlet pipe 1-6 is arranged outside the big tree protecting cylinder 1; the water flowing out of the water outlet pipe of the pile casing generally flows into the soaking nets 1-8, if the water flowing out is not much, the soaking nets absorb the water, and the water flowing out is much and can be absorbed by soil near the big trees; when the water in the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder is sufficient, the water in the wall flows out through the water outlet pipe 1-6 of the protecting cylinder, so that the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder is prevented from being collapsed by the water; a distance of about 10 cm is reserved from the water inlet of the water outlet pipe 6 of the protective cylinder to the bottommost part of the spaces 1-7 at the lower part of the protective cylinder, and water can be stored in the wall. The big tree protecting cylinder is made of waterproof hard material.
2. Upper layer water collecting pipe
As shown in figure 2, the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is buried 20-30cm under the soil, the buried depth of the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 is slightly higher than the bottom of the large tree protecting cylinder 1, and the space 1-7 under the protecting cylinder. At least two or more upper layer water collecting pipe water inlets 2-1 are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the upper layer water collecting pipe 2, and a permeable and compact grid is wound on the pipe wall of the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 to prevent soil particles from entering the upper layer water collecting pipe 2 through the upper layer water collecting pipe water inlets 2-1; the water collected by the water inlet holes 2-1 of the upper layer water collecting pipe enters the upper layer water collecting pipe 2, flows to the water outlet 2-2 of the upper layer water collecting pipe and enters the lower water collecting tank 4-2 of the secondary water body treatment device 4.
3. Direct water ecological purification device
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, an upper layer protective grating 3-1 is arranged on the upper layer of the direct water ecological purification device, and round openings larger than grating openings are arranged on the grating at intervals and used for planting herbaceous plants with developed root systems; under the upper layer protective grid 3-1 is a planting substrate 3-2 of herbaceous plants with developed root systems, wherein the planting substrate is mainly a mixture of perlite, volcanic rock and peat soil; a microorganism filtering grid 3-3 is arranged below the planting substrate 3-2, and microorganisms are distributed on the microorganism filtering grid 3-3; as shown in fig. 5, the microbial filtration grid 3-3 is composed of a microbial filtration grid net 3-3-1 and a microbial filtration grid frame 3-3-2, microbes are planted on the microbial filtration grid net 3-3-1, and the microbial filtration grid frame 3-3-2 supports the microbial filtration grid net 3-3-1; the number of the microbial filtration grid nets 3-3-1 is multiple, and the microbial filtration grid frame 3-3-2 corresponds to the microbial filtration grid net 3-3-1; the growth condition of the microorganisms on the microorganism filtering grille net 3-3-1 is checked regularly, the microorganism filtering grille net 3-3-1 full of microorganisms is replaced when the microorganism filtering grille net is not good in growth, and a new microorganism filtering grille net 3-3-1 full of microorganisms is arranged. The herbaceous plants with developed root systems planted in the upper layer protection grid 3-1 can resist flooding; according to the growth condition of the herbaceous plants, whether the water shortage exists in the water replenishing system of the green land or not can be monitored, and whether the water shortage is caused by climate or caused by problems of internal devices of the water replenishing system or not can be further judged.
The planting substrate 3-2 and the microorganism filtering grid 3-3 are separated by a water permeable mesh cloth, a sponge body 3-4 is arranged below the microorganism filtering grid 3-3, and the sponge body 3-4 is mainly made of sponge or other materials with water outlet and water retention capacity; concrete broken stone protection structures 3-7 are arranged below and around the sponge 3-4, support the sponge 3-4 and the parts above the sponge 3 of the direct water ecological purification device 3, and provide storage and circulation channels for the direct water filtered by the sponge 3-4 and the parts above the sponge 3 of the direct water ecological purification device 3, such as water body flow channels 3-8 in the figure 3; and a concrete macadam protection structure 3-7 is also arranged below the middle of the sponge body 3-4 for supporting. The cavernous body 3-4 and the parts above comprise an upper layer protective grid 3-1, herbaceous plants, a planting matrix 3-2, a microorganism filtering grid 3-3, a water permeable mesh cloth, a cavernous body 3-4 and the like.
A ventilation channel 3-5 which penetrates up and down is arranged in the middle of the sponge 3-4 and the upper part of the direct water ecological purification device 3; the upper end of the ventilation channel 3-5 is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device 3 to the ground, as shown in a ground air hole channel 3-6 in the figure 4, and the lower end of the ventilation channel is connected to a direct water storage part 3-8 of a concrete macadam protection structure 3-7, so that gas exchange between the direct water ecological purification device 3 and the outside is realized; the top end of the part of the ventilation channel 3-5, which is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device 3, is provided with an umbrella-shaped protection structure.
After the ground surface precipitation, the runoff rainwater enters the direct water ecological purification device, and enters a direct water collecting tank 7-4 of the direct water collecting device 7 after being purified for many times. The upper layer protective grating in the direct water ecological purification device 3 can prevent larger impurities from entering the device, and the water body is purified to a certain degree through the interception of the planting matrix and the root system of the herbaceous plant; the water body after primary purification passes through the microorganism filtering grid and is purified again by the microorganism, and at the moment, the water initially reaches the direct use requirement. The cavernous body below the microorganism filtering grid is the last purification, and the part can store a certain amount of water for the growth of microorganisms and herbaceous plants and can also purify water. The direct water ecological purification device is provided with a ventilation channel, so that the internal and external pressure difference and the air content of the device can be maintained, the microbial activity is ensured, and the water operation in the system is ensured.
4. Secondary water treatment device
The secondary water treatment device 4 comprises an evaporation water accumulation tank 4-1 and a lower water collection tank 4-2, the lower water collection tank 4-2 stores surface water collected by the upper water collection pipe 2, and as shown in figure 2, a water collection pipe water outlet 2-2 is arranged on the left upper wall of the lower water collection tank 4-2;
the lower water collecting tank water suction pump 4-2-2 is arranged at the bottom of the lower water collecting tank 4-2, the lower water collecting tank water suction pump 4-2-2 is connected with the lower water collecting tank water suction pipe 4-2-3, and water stored in the lower water collecting tank 4-2 is pumped into the evaporation water body storage tank 4-1; after water in the evaporation water accumulation box 4-1 is evaporated, water is condensed into water drops on a cover plate 4-1-1 of the evaporation water accumulation box, and the water drops flow into the direct water ecological purification device 3 along a cover plate prism 4-1-1-1 on the cover plate 4-1-1 of the evaporation water accumulation box; as shown in fig. 6, the cover plate prism 4-1-1-1 is a triangular prism, one side of the prism is arranged on one side of the cover plate, and the triangular prism faces downwards, so that condensed water drops can flow along the triangular prism conveniently.
The cover plate 4-1-1 of the evaporation water accumulation box is made of transparent plastic, and is obliquely covered on the evaporation water accumulation box, and one section of the cover plate extends to the upper part of the direct-water ecological purification device, so that evaporated moisture is ensured to enter the direct-water ecological purification device.
The side wall of the upper part of the lower water collecting tank 4-2 is provided with an air vent which is connected with a lower water collecting tank air vent 4-1-2 leading to the earth surface, and the outlet of the lower water collecting tank air vent 4-1-2 is provided with a lower water collecting tank air vent grid 4-1-3 made of a grid and a dense net, so that earth surface impurities are prevented from entering the lower water collecting tank air vent and blocking the air vent.
5. Sprinkling irrigation equipment
As shown in figure 2, a compressed water pump 5-1 of the sprinkler irrigation device 5 is fixed at the bottom of a direct water collecting pool 7-4 of a direct water collecting device 7 and is connected with a sprinkler irrigation water pipe 5-2 of the sprinkler irrigation device 5, the sprinkler irrigation water pipe 5-2 is communicated with a distance higher than the ground, and a sprinkler irrigation nozzle 5-3 or other water pipe joints are arranged at the outlet of the sprinkler irrigation water pipe 5-2. The distance between the water pipe 5-2 of the spraying section and the ground is set according to the growth height of plants in the green land, and is generally 20-120 cm.
6. Irrigation device for big trees
As shown in fig. 2, the big tree watering compressed water pump 6-1 is fixed in the direct water collecting tank 7-4 of the direct water collecting device 7 at a distance higher than the bottom of the direct water collecting tank 7-4; the big tree irrigation compressed water pump 6-1 is connected with the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe 6-2, the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe 6-2 is connected with a big tree irrigation tee joint 6-3 upwards, one is communicated with the big tree protection cylinder 1, the other is communicated with the direct water ecological purification device 3, and water of the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe 6-2 is distributed to the big tree irrigation tee joint connection opening 6-4 to enter the direct water ecological purification device 3.
As shown in figure 2, a compressed water pump 6-1 for irrigating big trees is fixed at a position 40-80cm away from the bottom of a direct water collecting pool by an upper fixing frame 6-1-1 and a lower supporting frame 6-1-2. The big tree irrigation compression water pump is away from the bottom of the direct water collecting tank by a certain distance, so that the big tree irrigation compression water pump cannot pump water in the direct water collecting tank when the water level of the direct water collecting tank is lower than 4-80 cm; the compressed water pump 5-1 of the sprinkler irrigation device 5 is arranged at the bottom of the direct water collecting tank, water in the direct water collecting tank is preferentially supplied to the sprinkler irrigation device in the absence of water, and meanwhile, the water of the large trees in the green land and other green plants under the forest is ensured.
7. Direct water collecting device
As shown in fig. 2, at least two or more lower water collecting pipe inlets 7-2 are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 of the direct water collecting device 7; the outer wall of the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 is wound with a permeable and compact grid to prevent soil particles from entering the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 through the inlet 7-2 of the lower water collecting pipe; the water collected by the water inlet hole 7-2 of the lower water collecting pipe enters the lower water collecting pipe 7-1 and flows to the water outlet 7-3 of the lower water collecting pipe to enter the direct water collecting tank 7-4.
The green land water replenishing system suitable for the arid region is a water saving and using system developed aiming at the arid region, particularly the arid water-deficient region with serious salinization. The method solves the problems that the absorption speed of the big trees to nutrients and water is high, and the big trees compete with the nutrients of the plants planted in the forest.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water replenishing system suitable for a green land in a drought area is characterized by comprising: an upper layer water collecting pipe (2), a direct water ecological purification device (3), a secondary water treatment device (4), a direct water collecting device (7) and a sprinkling irrigation device (5);
the upper layer water collecting pipe (2) is buried in surface soil around the big trees in the green land, collects surface water and conveys the surface water to the secondary water treatment device (4); herbaceous plants with developed root systems are planted at the upper part of the direct water ecological purification device (3), microorganisms are distributed under the herbaceous plants with developed root systems, rainwater falling into the direct water ecological purification device (3) and water evaporated by the secondary water treatment device (4) are subjected to ecological purification, and then the rainwater flows into the direct water collection device (7) to be stored; the secondary water treatment device (4) is used for evaporating the surface water collected by the upper layer water collecting pipe (2); the lower layer water collecting pipe in the direct water collecting device (7) is deeply buried under the big tree in the green land and in the soil around the big tree, collects the underground water and stores the water purified by the direct water ecological purifying device (3) and provides the underground water and the water for the sprinkling irrigation device (5); and the sprinkling irrigation device (5) is used for pumping the direct water stored in the direct water collecting device (3) out to sprinkle the plants in the green land.
2. The water replenishing system suitable for the green land of the arid region according to claim 1, further comprising: a big tree protecting cylinder (1) and a big tree irrigating device (6);
the big tree protecting cylinder (1) is a hollow cylinder, surrounds the root of a big tree which is 20-30cm below soil for a circle, and the wall of the big tree protecting cylinder (1) is hollow;
the big tree watering device (6) pumps out the direct water in the direct water collecting device, conveys the direct water into the hollow wall of the big tree protecting cylinder (1) to water big trees, and conveys the direct water into the direct water ecological purification device (3) to water herbaceous plants with developed root systems; the water pumping position of the big tree watering device (6) in the direct water collecting device (7) is higher than the water pumping position of the sprinkling irrigation device (5) in the direct water collecting device (7).
3. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to claim 2, wherein the wall of the large tree casing (1) is of an annular hollow structure, and is provided with a casing inner wall and a casing outer wall, the upper half part of the inner side of the casing inner wall is provided with a tenon structure (1-1), and the tenon structure (1-1) is contacted with a tree body; a pile casing protection net (1-2) is arranged at the top of the big tree pile casing and between the big tree and the outer wall of the pile casing, and a pile casing wall filter layer (1-3) is arranged below the pile casing protection net (1-2) and between the outer wall of the pile casing and the inner wall of the pile casing; a section of space is arranged between the filter layer (1-3) of the wall of the protective cylinder and the filter screen (1-5) in the protective cylinder, and is a space (1-4) at the upper part of the wall of the protective cylinder, and a supporting structure is arranged in the space to support the inner wall of the protective cylinder and the outer wall of the protective cylinder; the filter screen (1-5) in the protective cylinder is arranged between the outer wall of the protective cylinder and the inner wall of the protective cylinder; a lower space (1-7) of the pile casing is arranged below the filter screen (1-5) in the pile casing and extends to the bottom of the big tree pile casing (1), and a soaking screen (1-8) is arranged at the bottom of the big tree pile casing (1) and is paved around the root of a big tree; a section of the lower space (1-7) of the pile casing and the outer wall of the pile casing are provided with a pile casing water outlet pipe (1-6), a distance is reserved between a water inlet of the pile casing water outlet pipe (6) and the bottom of the lower space (1-7) of the pile casing, and a water outlet of the pile casing water outlet pipe (6) is arranged outside the big tree pile casing (1).
4. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to the claim 2 or 3, wherein the big tree watering compressed water pump (6-1) of the big tree watering device (6) is fixed in the direct water collecting tank (7-4) of the direct water collecting device (7) at a distance higher than the bottom of the direct water collecting tank (7-4); the big tree irrigation compressed water pump (6-1) is connected with the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe (6-2), the big tree irrigation water delivery pipe (6-2) is upwards connected with a big tree irrigation tee joint (6-3), one is communicated to the big tree protection cylinder (1), and the other is communicated to the direct water ecological purification device (3).
5. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper layer water collecting pipes (2) are buried 20-30cm below the soil, and at least two or more upper layer water collecting pipe water inlets (2-1) are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall; the pipe wall of the upper layer water collecting pipe (2) is wound with a permeable and compact grid to prevent soil particles from entering the upper layer water collecting pipe (2) through a water inlet (2-1) of the upper layer water collecting pipe; and water collected by the water inlet holes (2-1) of the upper-layer water collecting pipe enters the upper-layer water collecting pipe (2) and flows into the secondary water body treatment device (4).
6. The water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid region according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower water collecting pipe (7-1) of the direct water collecting device (7) is provided with at least two or more lower water collecting pipe water inlets (7-2) on the pipe wall uniformly; the outer wall of the lower water collecting pipe (7-1) is wound with a permeable and compact grid to prevent soil particles from entering the lower water collecting pipe (7-1) through the inlet (7-2) of the lower water collecting pipe; the water collected by the water inlet hole (7-2) of the lower water collecting pipe enters the lower water collecting pipe (7-1), flows to the water outlet (7-3) of the lower water collecting pipe and enters the direct water collecting tank (7-4).
7. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an upper layer of the direct water ecological purification device (3) is provided with an upper layer of protective grating (3-1), and round openings larger than the grating openings are arranged on the grating at intervals and used for planting herbaceous plants with developed root systems; a planting substrate (3-2) of herbaceous plants with developed root systems is arranged below the upper layer of protective grating (3-1), a microorganism filtering grating (3-3) is arranged below the planting substrate (3-2), microorganisms are fully distributed on the microorganism filtering grating (3-3), the planting substrate (3-2) and the microorganism filtering grating (3-3) are separated by a water permeable mesh cloth, and a sponge body (3-4) is arranged below the microorganism filtering grating (3-3); concrete broken stone protection structures (3-7) are arranged below and around the sponge body (3-4), support the sponge body (3-4) and the parts above the sponge body (3) of the direct water ecological purification device (3), and provide storage and circulation channels for the direct water ecological purification device (3) sponge body (3-4) and the direct water filtered by the parts above; a ventilation channel (3-5) which penetrates through the upper part and the lower part is arranged in the middle of the sponge body (3-4) and the upper part of the direct water ecological purification device (3); the upper end of the ventilation channel (3-5) is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device (3) to the ground, and the lower end of the ventilation channel is connected to a direct water storage position of the concrete crushed stone protection structure (3-7), so that gas exchange between the direct water ecological purification device (3) and the outside is realized; the top end of the part of the ventilation channel (3-5) which is exposed out of the direct water ecological purification device (3) is provided with an umbrella-shaped protection structure.
8. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary water treatment device (4) comprises an evaporation water body accumulation tank (4-1) and a lower water collection tank (4-2), the lower water collection tank (4-2) stores surface water collected by the upper water collection pipe (2), and a lower water collection tank suction pump (4-2-2) pumps water stored by the lower water collection tank (4-2) into the evaporation water body accumulation tank (4-1); after moisture in the evaporation water accumulation box (4-1) is evaporated, the moisture is condensed into water drops on a cover plate (4-1-1) of the evaporation water accumulation box, and the water drops flow into the direct water ecological purification device (3) along a cover plate prism (4-1-1-1) on the cover plate (4-1-1) of the evaporation water accumulation box.
9. The water replenishing system suitable for the green lands in the arid regions according to claim 8, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the lower water collecting tank (4-2) is provided with vent holes, a lower water collecting tank vent hole (4-1-2) leading to the ground surface is connected, and the outlet of the lower water collecting tank vent hole (4-1-2) is provided with a lower water collecting tank vent hole grid (4-1-3) made of a grid and a dense net.
10. The water replenishing system suitable for the green land in the arid region according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sprinkling compressed water pump (5-1) of the sprinkling irrigation device (5) is fixed at the bottom of a direct water collecting tank (7-4) of the direct water collecting device (7), a sprinkling irrigation water pipe (5-2) of the sprinkling irrigation device (5) is connected, the sprinkling irrigation water pipe (5-2) is communicated to a distance higher than the ground, and a sprinkling irrigation nozzle (5-3) or other water pipe connectors are installed at an outlet of the sprinkling irrigation water pipe (5-2).
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