CN114860022A - Maximum power tracking method, device and equipment of photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Maximum power tracking method, device and equipment of photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN114860022A CN114860022A CN202210425273.5A CN202210425273A CN114860022A CN 114860022 A CN114860022 A CN 114860022A CN 202210425273 A CN202210425273 A CN 202210425273A CN 114860022 A CN114860022 A CN 114860022A
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Abstract
The application provides a maximum power tracking method, a maximum power tracking device and maximum power tracking equipment of a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment; then, reducing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment; and then acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a second voltage scanning range, comparing the first maximum power with the second maximum power, and taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump relative to the first maximum power. The technical scheme provided by the application can reduce the scanning time of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment, thereby weakening the influence of scanning on the power of the photovoltaic module and improving the average power of the photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic, in particular to a maximum power tracking method, a maximum power tracking device and maximum power tracking equipment of a photovoltaic module.
Background
With the development of solar photovoltaic technology, a photovoltaic architecture of a string-type + Direct Current (DC) optimizer is widely applied to household energy storage, wherein the power of a photovoltaic module changes along with the change of factors such as sunlight conditions, and therefore the photovoltaic module can output the maximum power by tracking the power peak value of the photovoltaic module.
Due to differences in the laying positions of photovoltaic modules of each household, sunlight conditions of laying areas and the like, and factors such as shadows, photovoltaic module aging and unclean photovoltaic panels, a Power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic modules often has a plurality of peak values, so that at present, global scanning is mostly adopted to track the Power peak values of the photovoltaic modules, for example, a global scanning conductance increment method or a particle swarm Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method is widely applied to Power-voltage peak value calculation of the household photovoltaic modules.
However, when the photovoltaic module is scanned globally, the average power of the photovoltaic module is affected if the scanning time is too long.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a method, an apparatus and a device for tracking a maximum power of a photovoltaic device, so as to reduce a scan time of the photovoltaic device and further increase an average power of the photovoltaic device.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for tracking maximum power of a photovoltaic module, including:
acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment;
narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment;
acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the second voltage scanning range;
comparing the first maximum power to the second maximum power;
and under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump, taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the maximum power tracking method further includes:
when the second maximum power is determined to generate power jump, expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a third voltage scanning range;
acquiring a third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage scanning range;
and comparing the first maximum power with the third maximum power, and taking the third maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment when the third maximum power is determined not to generate power jump.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the maximum power tracking method further includes:
when the third maximum power is determined to generate power jump, acquiring fourth maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a global voltage scanning range;
and taking the fourth maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic assembly at the current sampling moment.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment of the present application, the expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage includes:
obtaining an inverse gathering index;
updating the inverse gathering index according to a preset inverse gathering numerical value;
determining a reverse bunching amount according to the first voltage, a preset reverse bunching coefficient and the updated reverse bunching index;
and expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the inverse gathering amount.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, after the inverse gather index is updated according to a preset inverse gather value, the method further includes:
a gather index is initialized.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment of this application, before obtaining the third maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range, the method further includes:
judging whether the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range or not;
the obtaining a third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage scan range includes:
if the third voltage scanning range does not exceed a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
if the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the preset limit voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
the lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is greater than or equal to a preset lower limit voltage, the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is less than or equal to a rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module, and the preset lower limit voltage is determined according to the rated maximum voltage.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage includes:
acquiring a convergence index;
updating the gathering index according to a preset gathering numerical value;
and narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage, a preset convergence coefficient, the updated convergence index and the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the step of determining whether the second maximum power jumps includes:
when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is larger than a target ratio, determining that power jump occurs to the second maximum power;
and when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is less than or equal to a target ratio, determining that no power jump occurs in the second maximum power.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a maximum power tracking apparatus for a photovoltaic module, including: the device comprises an acquisition module, an adjustment module, a comparison module and a determination module, wherein:
the acquisition module is configured to: acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment;
the adjustment module is configured to: narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment;
the acquisition module is further configured to: acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the second voltage scanning range;
the comparison module is used for: comparing the first maximum power to the second maximum power;
the determination module is to: and under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump, taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing a computer program and a processor; the processor is configured to perform the method of the first aspect or any of the embodiments of the first aspect when the computer program is invoked.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which, when run on the electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the method of any one of the above first aspects.
According to the maximum power tracking scheme of the photovoltaic module, a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the last sampling moment are obtained; then, reducing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment; and then acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a second voltage scanning range, comparing the first maximum power with the second maximum power, and taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump relative to the first maximum power. According to the scheme, the reduced first voltage scanning range of the last sampling moment is used as the second voltage scanning range of the current sampling moment, then the second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the second voltage scanning range is obtained, and the second maximum power is used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment under the condition that the second maximum power does not jump relative to the first maximum power at the last sampling moment, so that the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment can be determined, meanwhile, the scanning time of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment is reduced, the influence of scanning on the power of the photovoltaic module is weakened, and the average power of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel controlled by a global scanning MPPT algorithm;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for tracking a maximum power of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for narrowing a first voltage scanning range according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for tracking maximum power of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for expanding a first voltage scanning range according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a maximum power tracking apparatus of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
With the development of solar photovoltaic technology, the photovoltaic architecture of the string-type + DC optimizer is widely applied to household energy storage. Because the power of each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic module can change along with the change of factors such as sunshine conditions and the like, and the DC optimizer configures an MPPT algorithm controller and a DC/DC converter for each photovoltaic panel, each photovoltaic panel can be output with the maximum power by tracking the maximum power point of each photovoltaic panel.
However, due to differences in the laying positions of the photovoltaic modules of each family, the sunshine conditions of the laying areas and the like, and factors such as shadows, aging of the photovoltaic modules, unclean photovoltaic panels and the like, the power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic modules often has a plurality of peaks, and therefore the MPPT algorithm based on global scanning can be adopted to track the power peaks of the photovoltaic modules.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a global scanning MPPT algorithm for controlling a photovoltaic panel, as shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic panel is connected to a load through a DC/DC conversion circuit, and an MPPT Micro Control Unit (MCU) continuously detects a current or voltage change (i.e., global scanning) of the photovoltaic panel, and adjusts a duty ratio of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal of the DC/DC converter according to the change. Since the photovoltaic panel and the DC/DC conversion circuit can be regarded as linear circuits in a short time, the maximum output of the photovoltaic panel, that is, the MPPT function of the photovoltaic panel can be realized as long as the equivalent resistance of the DC/DC conversion circuit is adjusted and made to be always equal to the internal resistance of the photovoltaic panel.
Global scanning MPPT algorithms tend to require long scan times since the scanning process affects the average power over a period of time, e.g., five minutes of scanning, which may affect the average power over an hour. In the context of the photovoltaic industry, efficiency improvement of one per hundred is a non-negligible effect, and therefore it is necessary to increase the speed at which the algorithm finds MPPT. In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a maximum power tracking scheme for a photovoltaic device, so as to reduce the scanning time of the photovoltaic device and further increase the average power of the photovoltaic device.
In the maximum power tracking scheme of the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the application, the MPPT MCU corresponding to each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic module has a memory function, the self scanning range can be continuously iterated according to the previous scanning result, the scanning range is rapidly reduced under the condition that the illumination is relatively stable, and the variation of the irradiance in a small range can be continuously adapted. In addition, in order to prevent shadow creatures (such as birds) with ultra-short time, an anti-misjudgment mechanism is added in the scheme, the original gathering logic ring can be jumped out under the condition of detecting abnormal power output, and the scanning range is reversely expanded again, so that the voltage value or the current value corresponding to the maximum power point is detected.
The scanning range may be a voltage scanning range or a current scanning range, and this embodiment will be exemplified by taking the scanning range as a voltage scanning range as an example.
The following describes a specific process of the maximum power tracking method for a photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application, by taking one of the photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic module as an example.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for tracking maximum power of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application, where it can be understood that in the schematic flow chart, a photovoltaic module refers to one of photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic module. As shown in fig. 2, the method may include the steps of:
s110, a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the last sampling moment are obtained.
The duration of the sampling time may be set according to the duration of the MPPT MCU completely tracking the maximum power of the photovoltaic module once, for example, 300 seconds. It can also be set according to the changing characteristics of the local weather changes.
One or more maximum power scans may be performed at each sampling time until the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at that sampling time is determined.
Since one or more maximum power scans may exist at the last sampling time, each scan may correspond to a different voltage scanning range, a maximum power and a corresponding voltage, so that the maximum power, the voltage scanning range corresponding to the maximum power and the corresponding voltage may be finally determined by the photovoltaic module at the last sampling time, and the maximum power, the voltage scanning range corresponding to the maximum power and the corresponding voltage may be obtained and used as the first voltage scanning range, the first maximum power and the first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the last sampling time.
And each S120, reducing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for narrowing a first voltage scan range according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 3, the method may include the following steps:
and S121, acquiring a gathering index.
The initial value of the convergence index may be a set value, for example, may be set to 1. After the initial setting, the convergence index is updated according to the change condition of the voltage scanning range determined before each scanning.
And S122, updating the gathering index according to a preset gathering numerical value.
Because the voltage scanning scope when the present sampling moment scans for the first time, can acquiesce to judge and gather together according to the first voltage scanning scope of last sampling moment, and voltage scanning scope promptly can reduce, consequently, can gather together the numerical value according to predetermineeing and update and gather together the index, for example, it is z to gather together the index, and predetermined and gather together the numerical value and be 1, when gathering together each time, gather together index z and can all increase 1, z +1 promptly.
After the gathering index is updated, the inverse gathering index can be initialized, and the inverse gathering index is reset to 1, so that calculation in the process of inverse gathering of the subsequent voltage scanning range is facilitated.
And S123, narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage, the preset convergence coefficient, the updated convergence index and the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment.
The gathering coefficient may be set according to local weather changes, and may be 0.9, for example. And the gathering coefficient and the updated gathering index form a gathering variable, and the gathering variable is used for controlling the reduction step of the first voltage scanning range.
Specifically, the second voltage scan range may be calculated according to the following formula (1):
wherein, V min，n The lower limit voltage of the second voltage scanning range is obtained, and n is the current sampling moment; v MPPT,n-1 The first voltage at the last sampling moment, and n-1 is the last sampling moment; s z Is a gather variable, S is a gather coefficient, and z is a gather index; v max,n Is the upper limit voltage of the second voltage scanning range, V max-rated Is the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module.
And S130, acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a second voltage scanning range.
Specifically, the photovoltaic module can be scanned according to the second voltage scanning range, the output power P of the photovoltaic module under different working voltages is calculated in the scanning process, and the maximum value P in the output power is determined max With P max As the second maximum output power of the photovoltaic module. And the U is the working voltage of the photovoltaic module, and the I is the working current of the photovoltaic module.
And S140, comparing the first maximum power with the second maximum power.
Specifically, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power may be determined, and then the ratio may be compared with the target ratio.
The target ratio may be determined according to the current operating power (i.e., the first maximum power) of the photovoltaic module, for example, the target ratio may be 10% of the current operating power of the photovoltaic module.
The target ratio can also be adjusted according to the frequency of local weather changes, for example, the target ratio can be adjusted to be smaller values such as 8%, 5% and the like, so as to increase the accuracy of the system; or may be adjusted to a greater value of 12%, 15%, etc. to increase the accuracy of the system.
S150, under the condition that the second maximum power is not jumped relative to the first maximum power, the second maximum power is used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
Specifically, when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is less than or equal to the target ratio, it may be determined that no power jump occurs in the second maximum power, and the second maximum power may be used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling time.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for tracking a maximum power of a photovoltaic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is determined that a second maximum power jumps compared to a first maximum power, the method may further include the following steps:
and S160, when the power jump of the second maximum power is determined, expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a third voltage scanning range.
Specifically, it may be determined that the second maximum power occurs power jump when a ratio of an absolute value of a difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is greater than a target ratio. The power jump indicates that misjudgment occurs when the operation of reducing the first voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment, or extreme irradiance change occurs in weather, or the photovoltaic module is shielded by shadow, and the like, at the moment, the first voltage scanning range can be expanded according to the first voltage to obtain a third voltage scanning range, so that rescanning is facilitated according to the third voltage scanning range, and the maximum power at the current sampling moment is determined.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for expanding a first voltage scan range according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, the method may include the following steps:
and S161, acquiring an inverse gathering index.
The initial value of the inverse-convergence index p may be a set value, for example, the initial value of the inverse-convergence index p may be set to 1. After the initial setting, the inverse bunching index changes according to the change condition of the voltage scanning range determined before each scanning.
And S162, updating the inverse gathering index according to a preset inverse gathering numerical value.
Because the second maximum power generates power jump, it is determined that inverse convergence needs to be performed according to the first voltage scanning range at the last sampling time, that is, the voltage scanning range is expanded, and at this time, the inverse convergence index may be updated according to a preset inverse convergence value, for example, the inverse convergence index is p, the preset inverse convergence value is 1, and when inverse convergence is performed, the inverse convergence index p may be increased by 1, that is, p is p + 1.
After the inverse gathering index is updated, the gathering index can be initialized, and the gathering index is reset to be 1, so that calculation during gathering of the subsequent voltage scanning range is facilitated.
And S163, determining the inverse gathering amount according to the first voltage, the preset inverse gathering coefficient and the updated inverse gathering index.
Specifically, an inverse gather variable may be determined according to a preset inverse gather coefficient and an updated inverse gather index, where the inverse gather variable is used to control an expansion step of the first voltage scanning range, and the inverse gather coefficient may be set according to a local weather change condition, and may be, for example, 1.2.
And then determining the inverse gathering amount according to the first voltage and the inverse gathering variable.
Specifically, the inverse gather amount may be determined according to the following formula (2):
V F ＝V MPPT,n-1 ×(F p -1) (2)
wherein, V F To counteract the gathering, F p Is the inverse gather variable, F is the inverse gather coefficient, and p is the inverse gather index.
And S164, according to the inverse gathering amount, expanding the first voltage scanning range to obtain a third voltage scanning range.
Specifically, the third voltage scan range may be calculated according to the following formula (3):
wherein, V min,n Is the lower limit voltage, V, of the third voltage scanning range min,n-1 Is the lower limit of the first voltage scanning rangeA voltage; v max,n Is the upper limit voltage of the third voltage scanning range, V max,n-1 Is the upper limit voltage of the first voltage scanning range.
And S170, acquiring third maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a third voltage scanning range.
Specifically, the photovoltaic module can be scanned according to a third voltage scanning range, in the scanning process, the output power of the photovoltaic module under different working voltages is calculated, then the maximum value of the output power is determined, and the maximum value is used as the third maximum output power of the photovoltaic module.
In order to prevent the maximum output power from being misjudged due to the fact that the third voltage scanning range exceeds the preset limit voltage scanning range, whether the third voltage scanning range exceeds the preset limit voltage scanning range or not can be further judged after the third voltage scanning range is obtained.
The lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is greater than or equal to the preset lower limit voltage, the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is less than or equal to the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module, and the preset lower limit voltage can be determined according to the rated maximum voltage.
Specifically, the preset lower limit voltage may be determined according to the following formula (4):
V min ＝0.2×V max-rated (4)
wherein, V min The preset lower limit voltage of the photovoltaic module is obtained.
If the third voltage scanning range does not exceed the preset limit voltage scanning range, the output power corresponding to each working voltage of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range can be obtained, and then the maximum power in the output power is used as the third maximum power.
And if the third voltage scanning range exceeds the preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the preset limit voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power.
Specifically, if the upper limit voltage of the third voltage scanning range exceeds the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range, the upper limit voltage of the third voltage scanning range is changed into the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range; and if the lower limit voltage of the third voltage scanning range exceeds the lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range, changing the lower limit voltage of the third voltage scanning range into the lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range. And then scanning the photovoltaic module according to the modified third voltage scanning range, calculating the output power of the photovoltaic module under different working voltages in the scanning process, and then determining the maximum value in the output power, wherein the maximum value is used as the third maximum output power of the photovoltaic module.
And S180, comparing the first maximum power with the third maximum power, and taking the third maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment when the third maximum power is determined not to generate power jump.
Specifically, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the third maximum power to the first maximum power may be determined, and then the ratio may be compared with the target ratio.
And when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the third maximum power to the first maximum power is less than or equal to the target ratio, determining that no power jump occurs in the third maximum power. The third maximum power does not have power jump, which indicates that misjudgment occurs when the operation of expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage at the current sampling moment, and at this time, the third maximum power can be used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
And S190, when the third maximum power is determined to generate power jump, acquiring a fourth maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the global voltage scanning range, and taking the fourth maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
And when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the third maximum power to the first maximum power is smaller than a target ratio, determining that the third maximum power generates power jump. The third maximum power generation power jump indicates that extreme irradiance change occurs in weather, or the photovoltaic module is shaded by shadows, and the like, the maximum power at the current sampling time may have large change, in order to accurately obtain the maximum power at the current sampling time, the system can be reset to an initial starting state, the photovoltaic panel is scanned in a global voltage scanning range, in the scanning process, the output power of the photovoltaic module under different working voltages is calculated, then the maximum value in the output power is determined, the maximum value is used as the fourth maximum output power of the photovoltaic module, and the fourth maximum power is used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling time.
It can be understood that, when the photovoltaic panel is subjected to the first maximum power tracking after being started, the above steps are not required to be executed, the photovoltaic panel can be directly scanned in the global voltage scanning range, and then the maximum power V of the photovoltaic panel is determined MPPT，1 And a voltage corresponding to the maximum power, and the process of determining the maximum power is the same as step S190, which is not described herein again.
The specific process of the maximum power tracking method for the other photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic module is consistent with the above process, and is not described herein again. It should be noted that, in the present application, after the steps are performed, each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic module determines a unique voltage scanning range, a maximum power, and a maximum voltage corresponding to the maximum power at the current sampling time, and stores the voltage scanning range, the maximum power, and the maximum voltage corresponding to the maximum power at the current sampling time, so as to facilitate the calculation of the voltage scanning range at the next sampling time according to the relevant parameters at the current sampling time.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are exemplary and not intended to limit the present application. Where possible, the order of execution of one or more of the above steps may be adjusted, or may be selectively combined, to arrive at one or more of the first embodiments. The skilled person can select any combination of the above steps according to the needs, and all that does not depart from the essence of the scheme of the present application falls into the protection scope of the present application.
According to the maximum power tracking scheme of the photovoltaic module, a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the last sampling moment are obtained; then, reducing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment; and then acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a second voltage scanning range, comparing the first maximum power with the second maximum power, and taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump relative to the first maximum power. According to the scheme, the reduced first voltage scanning range of the last sampling moment is used as the second voltage scanning range of the current sampling moment, then the second maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the second voltage scanning range is obtained, and the second maximum power is used as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment under the condition that the second maximum power does not jump relative to the first maximum power at the last sampling moment, so that the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment can be determined, meanwhile, the scanning time of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment is reduced, the influence of scanning on the power of the photovoltaic module is weakened, and the average power of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, as an implementation of the foregoing method, an embodiment of the present application provides a maximum power tracking apparatus for a photovoltaic module, where the apparatus embodiment corresponds to the foregoing method embodiment, and for convenience of reading, details in the foregoing method embodiment are not repeated in this apparatus embodiment one by one, but it should be clear that the apparatus in this embodiment can correspondingly implement all the contents in the foregoing method embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a maximum power tracking device of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, the maximum power tracking device of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment may include: an obtaining module 11, an adjusting module 12, a comparing module 13 and a determining module 14, wherein:
the obtaining module 11 is configured to: acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment;
the adjusting module 12 is configured to: narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment;
the obtaining module 11 is further configured to: acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the second voltage scanning range;
the comparison module 13 is configured to: comparing the first maximum power to the second maximum power;
the determination module 14 is configured to: and under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump, taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
As an optional implementation, the adjusting module 12 is further configured to:
when the second maximum power is determined to generate power jump, expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a third voltage scanning range;
the obtaining module 11 is further configured to: acquiring a third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage scanning range;
the comparing module 13 is further configured to: and comparing the first maximum power with the third maximum power, and taking the third maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment when the third maximum power is determined not to generate power jump.
As an optional implementation manner, the obtaining module 11 is further configured to:
when the third maximum power is determined to generate power jump, acquiring fourth maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a global voltage scanning range;
and taking the fourth maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic assembly at the current sampling moment.
As an optional implementation manner, the adjusting module 12 is specifically configured to:
obtaining an inverse gathering index;
updating the inverse gathering index according to a preset inverse gathering numerical value;
determining a reverse bunching amount according to the first voltage, a preset reverse bunching coefficient and the updated reverse bunching index;
and expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the inverse gathering amount.
As an optional implementation manner, after updating the inverse gathering index according to a preset inverse gathering value, the adjusting module 12 is further configured to: a gather index is initialized.
As an optional implementation manner, before obtaining the third maximum power of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range, the comparing module 13 is further configured to:
judging whether the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range or not;
the obtaining module 11 is specifically configured to:
if the third voltage scanning range does not exceed a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
if the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the preset limit voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
the lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is greater than or equal to a preset lower limit voltage, the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is less than or equal to a rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module, and the preset lower limit voltage is determined according to the rated maximum voltage.
As an optional implementation manner, the adjusting module 12 is specifically configured to:
acquiring a convergence index;
updating the gathering index according to a preset gathering numerical value;
and narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage, a preset convergence coefficient, the updated convergence index and the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module.
As an optional implementation manner, the determining module 14 is specifically configured to:
when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is larger than a target ratio, determining that power jump occurs to the second maximum power;
and when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is less than or equal to a target ratio, determining that no power jump occurs in the second maximum power.
The maximum power tracking apparatus of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment can perform the above method embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides the electronic equipment. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 7, the electronic device according to the embodiment includes: a memory 210 and a processor 220, the memory 210 for storing computer programs; the processor 220 is adapted to perform the method according to the above-described method embodiments when invoking the computer program.
The electronic device provided by this embodiment may perform the above method embodiments, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method described in the above method embodiments.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which when running on an electronic device, enables the electronic device to implement the method described in the above method embodiment when executed.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the application to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or a first programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted over a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optics, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy Disk, a hard Disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes of the above method embodiments. And the aforementioned storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as ROM or RAM, magnetic or optical disks, etc.
The naming or numbering of the steps appearing in the present application does not mean that the steps in the method flow have to be executed in the chronological/logical order indicated by the naming or numbering, and the named or numbered process steps may be executed in a modified order depending on the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects are achieved.
In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and reference may be made to the related description of other embodiments for parts that are not described or recited in any embodiment.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus/device embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
In the description of the present application, a "/" indicates a relationship in which the objects associated before and after are an "or", for example, a/B may indicate a or B; in the present application, "and/or" is only an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural.
Also, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two unless otherwise specified. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to" determining "or" in response to detecting ". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments," or the like, described with reference to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in a first embodiment," "in another embodiment," and the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise in the first aspect.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A maximum power tracking method of a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment;
narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment;
acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the second voltage scanning range;
comparing the first maximum power to the second maximum power;
and under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump, taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
2. The maximum power tracking method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the second maximum power is determined to generate power jump, expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a third voltage scanning range;
acquiring a third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage scanning range;
and comparing the first maximum power with the third maximum power, and taking the third maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment when the third maximum power is determined not to generate power jump.
3. The maximum power tracking method of claim 2, further comprising:
when the third maximum power is determined to generate power jump, acquiring fourth maximum power of the photovoltaic module in a global voltage scanning range;
and taking the fourth maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic assembly at the current sampling moment.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said expanding the first voltage sweep range in accordance with the first voltage comprises:
obtaining an inverse gathering index;
updating the inverse gathering index according to a preset inverse gathering numerical value;
determining a reverse bunching amount according to the first voltage, a preset reverse bunching coefficient and the updated reverse bunching index;
and expanding the first voltage scanning range according to the inverse gathering amount.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein after updating the inverse gather index according to the preset inverse gather value, further comprising:
a gather index is initialized.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to obtaining the third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage sweep range, further comprising:
judging whether the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range or not;
the obtaining a third maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the third voltage scan range includes:
if the third voltage scanning range does not exceed a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the third voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
if the third voltage scanning range exceeds a preset limit voltage scanning range, acquiring the output power of the photovoltaic module in the preset limit voltage scanning range to obtain a third maximum power;
the lower limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is greater than or equal to a preset lower limit voltage, the upper limit voltage of the preset limit voltage scanning range is less than or equal to a rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module, and the preset lower limit voltage is determined according to the rated maximum voltage.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein narrowing the first voltage sweep range according to the first voltage comprises:
acquiring a gathering index;
updating the gathering index according to a preset gathering numerical value;
and narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage, a preset convergence coefficient, the updated convergence index and the rated maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of determining whether the second maximum power is hopped comprises:
when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is larger than a target ratio, determining that power jump occurs to the second maximum power;
and when the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first maximum power and the second maximum power to the first maximum power is less than or equal to a target ratio, determining that no power jump occurs in the second maximum power.
9. A maximum power tracking apparatus for a photovoltaic module, comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module, an adjustment module, a comparison module and a determination module, wherein:
the acquisition module is configured to: acquiring a first voltage scanning range, a first maximum power and a first voltage corresponding to the first maximum power of a photovoltaic module at a last sampling moment;
the adjustment module is configured to: narrowing the first voltage scanning range according to the first voltage to obtain a second voltage scanning range at the current sampling moment;
the acquisition module is further configured to: acquiring a second maximum power of the photovoltaic module within the second voltage scanning range;
the comparison module is used for: comparing the first maximum power to the second maximum power;
the determination module is to: and under the condition that the second maximum power is determined not to jump, taking the second maximum power as the maximum power of the photovoltaic module at the current sampling moment.
10. An electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program and a processor; the processor is adapted to perform the method of any of claims 1-8 when the computer program is invoked.
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| CN202210425273.5A CN114860022A (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2022-04-22 | Maximum power tracking method, device and equipment of photovoltaic module |
| PCT/CN2022/134426 WO2023202075A1 (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2022-11-25 | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus for photovoltaic module, and device |
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| WO2023202075A1 (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-26 | 深圳市正浩创新科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus for photovoltaic module, and device |
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| CN101719737B (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2013-08-07 | 艾默生网络能源有限公司 | Scanning method for tracing maximal power point of solar energy photovoltaic panel |
| CN103365333B (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2014-12-03 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | MPPT (maximum power point tracking) scanning method for photovoltaic arrays |
| US20140077608A1 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Power generation control device, photovoltaic power generation system and power generation control method |
| CN105892552B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-12-26 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | The photovoltaic module MPPT methods that whole scan and quasi- gradient type disturbance observation method are combined |
| CN112994616B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-06-07 | 德雷射科(廊坊)科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic cell scanning control method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN114860022A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 深圳市正浩创新科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power tracking method, device and equipment of photovoltaic module |
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