CN114858653A - Method for on-line monitoring activity of desulfurization slurry and controlling circulation quantity - Google Patents

Method for on-line monitoring activity of desulfurization slurry and controlling circulation quantity Download PDF

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CN114858653A
CN114858653A CN202210338186.6A CN202210338186A CN114858653A CN 114858653 A CN114858653 A CN 114858653A CN 202210338186 A CN202210338186 A CN 202210338186A CN 114858653 A CN114858653 A CN 114858653A
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slurry
circulation
flue gas
activity
desulfurization
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康秦豪
袁园
吉攀
郭静娟
张双平
黄鑫
张建斌
何新权
张优
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Northwest Electric Power Research Institute of China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Northwest Electric Power Research Institute of China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N7/00Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
    • G01N7/14Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
    • G01N7/18Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by allowing the material to react
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
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    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • GPHYSICS
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    • B01DSEPARATION
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The application discloses a method for on-line monitoring activity of desulfurization slurry and controlling circulation quantity in the technical field of wet desulfurization of deliming limestone-gypsum, and raw flue gas SO 2 And collecting the data of the amount of the flue gas and the amount of the flue gas at a desulfurization inlet flue by a raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument, wherein the data of the amount of the flue gas and the amount of the flue gas are collected by a clean flue gas SO 2 Collecting the flue gas volume data at a flue of a desulfurization outlet by a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument, conveying slurry to a spraying layer by a slurry circulating pump, collecting the raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument by a DCS system, performing activity calculation on the clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument data, and controlling the slurry circulating pump to start and stop or adjust the power of the slurry circulating pump; online meterThe slurry activity is characterized and monitored, and the slurry circulation amount is predicted and adjusted according to the slurry activity, so that the method provides guiding significance for fine control of desulfurization and energy conservation and consumption reduction.

Description

Method for on-line monitoring activity of desulfurization slurry and controlling circulation quantity
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of limestone-gypsum removal wet desulphurization, in particular to a method for monitoring activity of desulfurized slurry and controlling circulation volume on line.
Background
The desulfurization system of coal-fired power plant generally adopts limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization technology to control pollutants in flue gas.
In order to respond to the requirement of environmental protection policy, domestic coal-fired power plants generally carry out efficiency improvement and transformation on a desulfurization system and control the pollutant emission level at a lower level, wherein SO 2 Controlled at 35mg/m 3 In the following, coal-fired power plants have higher requirements for the slurry quality of desulfurization systems and equipment operation control. The desulfurization efficiency is improved, and simultaneously, higher requirements on the activity quality of the slurry are also met. The reduction of the activity of the slurry directly causes the slurry to have SO 2 The absorption capacity of (a) is decreased, thereby causing a decrease in desulfurization efficiency. The slurry activity is an important index for judging the slurry reactivity, and the slurry activity can be judged only by the limestone slurry activity at present. However, limestone in the slurry of the absorber tower is only present in a small fraction, usually less than 5%, and cannot be usedReflecting the activity state of the slurry as a whole under the operating condition. In addition, the measurement of limestone activity relies on off-line laboratory analysis, which makes it difficult to guide desulfurization operation regulation in time.
At present, the definition of the slurry activity of the desulfurization absorption tower is not determined, and a slurry activity measuring method is also rarely reported. Standard DL/943-2015 determination of limestone reaction Rate for Wet flue gas desulfurization limestone activity was defined as the reaction time for 80% of the carbonate to react with acid in limestone powder at pH 5.5. The slurry activity can be referred to the limestone standard to some extent. The slurry activity affects a number of factors and ultimately affects the slurry's contribution to SO 2 The degree of absorption of (A) can be correlated with the degree of absorption of (B), and the SO can be determined from the slurry with reference to the limestone activity 2 The absorption capacity of (a) is defined and measured for the pulp activity. However, under the operating conditions of the unit, from sampling to laboratory testing, the delay and the hysteresis are large, and the risk caused by the deterioration of the slurry quality cannot be prevented in time.
Meanwhile, the slurry circulation volume of the desulfurization system is mainly based on the raw flue gas volume and SO 2 The concentration is adjusted, the environmental protection index is mostly only considered to meet the emission requirement, and the problems of energy consumption and operation caused by overlarge circulation quantity are ignored.
The prior art (patent application No. 202111103001.5) characterizes the slurry activity and provides a method for measuring the activity of gypsum slurries by passing SO through the slurry 2 Standard gas, in the form of tail gas SO 2 Concentration, absorption of SO 2 The difference value of the pH value and the sulfite content of the gypsum slurry before and after represents the activity of the slurry, so that the data index representation of the quality of the gypsum slurry is realized. However, the related art has a complex structure, poor operability, needs additional equipment, and cannot fully utilize the existing facilities due to the realization of continuous monitoring. Meanwhile, the relation between the slurry activity and the operation regulation of the slurry circulation volume is not established, and the requirement of fine control of desulfurization cannot be met.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the present application provides a method for online monitoring of desulfurization slurry activity and controlling circulation volume.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, the slurry activity is characterized and monitored on line by utilizing the existing desulfurization system facility, and the slurry circulation is predicted and adjusted according to the slurry activity, so that the guiding significance is provided for the fine control of desulfurization and energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The application provides a method for monitoring activity of desulfurization slurry and controlling circulation volume on line, which adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following specific steps:
in the absorption tower body and corresponding system, the raw flue gas SO 2 And collecting the data of the amount of the flue gas and the amount of the flue gas at a desulfurization inlet flue by a raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument, wherein the data of the amount of the flue gas and the amount of the flue gas are collected by a clean flue gas SO 2 Collecting the flue gas volume data at a flue of a desulfurization outlet by a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument, conveying slurry to a spraying layer by a slurry circulating pump, collecting the raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument by a DCS system, performing activity calculation on the clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument data, and controlling the slurry circulating pump to start and stop or adjust the power of the slurry circulating pump;
the circulation volume before starting the slurry circulating pump is the actual lowest circulation volume meeting the requirement, the circulation volume after starting the slurry circulating pump is the maximum circulation volume of the slurry under the activity, and the SO passes through the original flue gas 2 And calculating the theoretical circulation volume under the actual working condition by using the smoke volume, wherein the theoretical circulation volume L is calculated by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0003577394470000031
wherein, the theoretical circulation quantity L, the raw flue gas quantity V and the SO under the actual working condition 2 Concentration of C, raw flue gas SO under design condition 2 At a concentration of C 0 Amount of flue gas V 0 Circulation quantity L 0
The activity of the slurry is defined as 50% to 100% load rate and raw flue gas SO under a certain load condition 2 Under the condition that the concentration is lower than or equal to the design value, the output of the slurry circulating pump is improved by 5 to 25 percent to a certain degree from 40 to 80 percent under the corresponding condition, and SO detected by a CEMS monitoring instrument of the clean desulfurization flue gas 2 The concentration is controlled from the original highest concentration of 20-35mg/m 3 Reduced to concentration≤10mg/m 3 The required time is expressed by 1/t;
the activity of a normally running slurry is selected as a reference, the activity of the normally running slurry corresponds to a lowest reference circulation quantity and a highest reference circulation quantity respectively, and a curve of the activity of the slurry relative to the lowest reference circulation quantity and the highest reference circulation quantity is made through data collection of a DCS (distributed control system), so that the adjustment range of the circulation quantity of the slurry under different slurry activity conditions can be determined.
Optionally, the number of the slurry circulating pumps is more than one, and the power of the slurry circulating pumps is adjusted by starting and stopping the slurry circulating pumps at fixed frequency or variable frequency, and the power of each slurry circulating pump can be adjusted by the variable frequency.
Optionally, the ratio of the minimum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as a minimum circulation ratio, the ratio of the maximum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as a maximum circulation ratio, the actual circulation ratio is controlled between the minimum circulation ratio and the maximum circulation ratio, energy consumption and resistance are increased if the actual circulation ratio exceeds the maximum circulation ratio, a spray layer can be blocked if the actual circulation ratio exceeds the maximum circulation ratio, and the problem of overproof environmental-friendly emission can occur if the actual circulation ratio is lower than the minimum circulation ratio.
Optionally, when the activity is changed, the corresponding minimum circulation amount and maximum circulation amount are changed, the minimum circulation ratio and maximum circulation ratio are also changed, the circulation amount adjustment is also changed, but the theoretical circulation amount L is still unchanged.
Optionally, the 1/t time does not include the response time of the slurry circulating pump and the data acquisition time, and during the test, the SO of the raw flue gas and the SO of the clean flue gas are ensured 2 The concentration and the load are relatively stable, the slurry circulating pump operates normally, and the spraying layer is not obviously damaged.
Optionally, the absorption tower body is a wet desulphurization absorption tower with a spray layer, and the absorption tower body is a limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization spray tower or a limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization liquid column tower or a dual alkali desulphurization absorption tower.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following benefits:
1. the active quality of the slurry can be monitored on line, and the circulation quantity adjusting range is given.
2. The existing process system of the desulfurization system is utilized, new equipment and system are not needed, and the economical efficiency and the reliability are high.
3. The slurry activity is measured through the start and stop of different pumps and power change, but under the same slurry activity, the smaller the activity measured by increasing the same power is, the smaller the output of the pump is, and the output conditions of the pumps can be judged according to the smaller the output of the pump is.
4. Compared with the original desulfurization, on one hand, the unnecessary power loss of the slurry circulating pump can be avoided SO as to save energy and reduce consumption, and on the other hand, the power of the pump can be automatically started or increased through activity monitoring, SO that SO (sulfur dioxide) is prevented 2 The index exceeds the standard.
5. The change in slurry activity is slow, remains almost constant for a short period of time, and the SO at the desulfurization inlet 2 When the concentration and load command are changed, the required circulation amount can be predicted and adjusted to prevent SO 2 The concentration exceeds the standard.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an absorption tower body; 2. a desulfurization inlet flue; 3. a DCS system; 4. a CEMS monitoring instrument for original flue gas; 5. a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument; 6. a desulfurization outlet flue; 7. a spray layer; 8. a slurry circulating pump;
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1, the application discloses a method for on-line monitoring of desulfurization slurry activity and controlling circulation volume, which comprises the following specific steps:
the activity of the slurry, under on-line monitoring conditions, can be defined as under a certain load condition (50%To 100% load rate) and raw flue gas SO 2 Under the condition of concentration (lower than or equal to the design value), the output of the slurry circulating pump is improved to a certain degree (5-25%) from the output under the corresponding condition (40-80%), and SO detected by a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument 5 2 The concentration is controlled from the original highest concentration (20-35 mg/m) 3 ) Reducing to lower concentration (less than or equal to 10 mg/m) 3 ) The time required is expressed in 1/t. This time does not include the response time of the slurry circulation pump 8 and the data acquisition time. During the test, the SO of the raw flue gas and the clean flue gas should be ensured 2 The concentration and the load are relatively stable, the slurry circulating pump 8 normally operates, and the spraying layer 7 is not obviously damaged, so that the slurry activity data can be more accurate. The testing process is carried out in the absorption tower body 1 and the corresponding system, and the raw flue gas SO 2 The data of the amount of the flue gas is collected by a CEMS monitoring instrument 4 of the raw flue gas at a flue 2 at the desulfurization inlet, and the clean flue gas SO 2 And flue gas volume data are collected by a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument 5 at the desulfurization outlet flue 6. The slurry circulating pump 8 conveys slurry to the spraying layer 7, and the start, stop and power regulation of the slurry circulating pump are controlled by the DCS system 3. The number of slurry circulation pumps 8 is not one and all pumps are represented in fig. 1.
Under the condition of activity test, the circulation volume before starting the slurry circulating pump 8 is the actual lowest circulation volume meeting the requirement, the circulation volume after starting the slurry circulating pump 8 is the maximum circulation volume of the slurry under the activity, and the raw smoke volume and the SO are passed 2 And calculating the theoretical circulation amount under the actual working condition. The ratio of the minimum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as the minimum circulation ratio, the ratio of the maximum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as the maximum circulation ratio, the actual operation is between the minimum circulation ratios, the energy consumption and the resistance are increased when the maximum circulation ratio is exceeded, the spraying layer 7 can be blocked when the actual operation is carried out for a long time, and the problem of overproof environmental-friendly emission can occur when the actual operation is lower than the minimum circulation ratio. Theoretical circulation quantity L, raw smoke quantity V and SO under actual working conditions 2 Concentration of C, raw flue gas SO under design condition 2 At a concentration of C 0 Amount of flue gas V 0 Circulation quantity L 0 The theoretical circulation amount L is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003577394470000051
when the activity is changed, the corresponding minimum circulation amount and the maximum circulation amount are changed, but the theoretical circulation amount L is still kept unchanged, the minimum circulation ratio and the maximum circulation ratio are also changed, and the circulation amount adjustment is also changed. And selecting the activity of the slurry which normally runs as a reference, respectively corresponding to a lowest reference circulation amount and a highest reference circulation amount, and making a curve of the activity of the slurry relative to the lowest reference circulation amount and the highest reference circulation amount through data collection of the DCS 3, so that the adjustment range of the circulation amount of the slurry under different slurry activity conditions can be determined. The DCS system 3 collects data of the raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument 4 and the clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument 5 to perform activity calculation, and controls the slurry circulating pump 8 to start and stop or adjust the power of the slurry circulating pump.
Example one
300WM unit of a certain coal-fired power plant, a desulfurization system is a spray tower, 5 same constant-frequency slurry circulating pumps 8 are designed for original flue gas SO 2 Concentration C a Design the flue gas volume as V a According to the environmental protection requirement, the flue gas SO is purified 2 The concentration is controlled to be less than or equal to 35mg/m 3 . The unit stably operates under the condition of half load of 150MW for a long time, and the original flue gas SO is desulfurized 2 The concentration is stabilized at 0.8C a When two slurry circulating pumps 8 are started, the flue gas SO is desulfurized and purified 2 The concentration can be stabilized at 35mg/m 3 Left and right. According to the actual conditions, when the number of slurry circulating pumps 8 is increased from 2 to 3 (the circulating amount is increased by 20%) under the condition that the slurry activity is defined as 150MW, SO detected by a CEMS instrument of the clean desulfurization flue gas 2 The concentration is from 35mg/m 3 Reduced to 10mg/m 3 The required time is 1/t a The corresponding minimum circulation amount is 2 pumps, the maximum circulation amount is 3 pumps, and a relation curve of slurry activity 1/t and the circulation amount is established through data accumulation of the DCS 3. Since the regulation of the circulation volume is now dependent on the start and stop of the pump, the established curve is discontinuous. When the slurry activity is improved, starting 2 pumps with the lowest circulation amount under the original slurry activity, thus meeting the requirement; when the slurry activity is reduced, the minimum circulation amount of 2 pumps under the original slurry activity can not meet the requirement, and the minimum circulation amount is set according to the set requirementCorresponding relation, 3 pumps and more are needed to meet the requirement.
Example two
660WM unit of a certain coal-fired power plant, a desulfurization system is a spray tower, 5 same variable-frequency slurry circulating pumps 8 are arranged, the power is adjustable, and original flue gas SO is designed 2 Concentration C b Design the flue gas volume as V b According to the operation requirement, purifying the flue gas SO 2 The concentration is controlled to be less than or equal to 30mg/m 3 . The unit stably operates under the 600MW load condition for a long time, and the original flue gas SO is desulfurized 2 The concentration is stabilized at 0.7C b When four slurry circulating pumps 8 are started, three of the slurry circulating pumps are started completely, one is started and the other is started half, the clean flue gas SO is desulfurized 2 The concentration can be stabilized at 30mg/m 3 Left and right. According to the actual conditions, when the slurry activity is defined as 600MW and the power of a slurry circulating pump is increased from 70 percent to 80 percent (four pumps are fully started), SO detected by a CEMS instrument of the clean desulfurization flue gas 2 The concentration is 30mg/m 3 Reduced to 10mg/m 3 The required time is 1/t b To indicate. When the activity is kept unchanged, the load is reduced to 480MW, and the original flue gas SO 2 Under the condition of little concentration change, the total power of the circulating pump can be reduced to 0.8 time of the original power. Under the condition of frequency conversion, the established relation curve of the slurry activity 1/t and the circulation quantity is continuous through data accumulation of the DCS system 3.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A method for on-line monitoring of desulfurization slurry activity and controlling circulation volume is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
in an absorption tower body (1) and a corresponding system, and raw flue gas SO 2 And the data of the amount of the flue gas is collected by a CEMS monitoring instrument (4) of the raw flue gas at a desulfurization inlet flue (2), and the clean flue gas SO 2 And the data of the amount of the flue gas is collected by a clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument (5) at a flue (6) at a desulfurization outlet, slurry is conveyed to a spraying layer (7) by a slurry circulating pump (8) and is collected by a DCS (distributed control System) system (3)The raw flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument (4) and the clean flue gas CEMS monitoring instrument (5) perform activity calculation to control the start and stop of a slurry circulating pump (8) or adjust the power of the slurry circulating pump;
the circulation volume before starting the slurry circulating pump (8) is the actual lowest circulation volume meeting the requirement, the circulation volume after starting the slurry circulating pump (8) is the maximum circulation volume of the slurry under the activity, and the SO passes through the original flue gas 2 And calculating the theoretical circulation volume under the actual working condition by using the smoke volume, wherein the theoretical circulation volume L is calculated by using the following formula:
Figure FDA0003577394460000011
wherein, the theoretical circulation quantity L, the raw flue gas quantity V and the SO under the actual working condition 2 Concentration of C, raw flue gas SO under design condition 2 At a concentration of C 0 Amount of flue gas V 0 Circulation quantity L 0
The activity of the slurry is defined as 50% to 100% load rate and raw flue gas SO under a certain load condition 2 Under the condition that the concentration is lower than or equal to the design value, the output of the slurry circulating pump (8) is improved by 5-25% to a certain extent from 40-80% under the corresponding condition, and SO detected by the CEMS monitoring instrument (5) of the clean desulfurization flue gas 2 The concentration is controlled from the original highest concentration of 20-35mg/m 3 Reducing the concentration to less than or equal to 10mg/m 3 The required time is expressed by 1/t;
the activity of a normally running slurry is selected as a reference, the activity of the normally running slurry corresponds to a lowest reference circulation quantity and a highest reference circulation quantity respectively, a curve of the activity of the slurry relative to the lowest reference circulation quantity and the highest reference circulation quantity is made through data collection of a DCS (3), and accordingly the adjustment range of the circulation quantity of the slurry under different slurry activity conditions can be determined.
2. The method for on-line monitoring of the activity and the circulation quantity of the desulfurized slurry according to claim 1, wherein: the slurry circulating pumps (8) are more than one, the power of the slurry circulating pumps is adjusted by starting and stopping the slurry circulating pumps (8) at fixed frequency or variable frequency, and the power of each slurry circulating pump (8) can be adjusted by the variable frequency.
3. The method for on-line monitoring of the activity and the circulation control of the desulfurization slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the minimum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as the minimum circulation ratio, the ratio of the maximum circulation volume to the theoretical circulation volume is defined as the maximum circulation ratio, the actual circulation ratio is controlled between the minimum circulation ratio and the maximum circulation ratio, the energy consumption and the resistance are increased when the maximum circulation ratio is exceeded, the spraying layer (7) can be blocked when the actual circulation ratio is operated for a long time, and the problem of overproof environmental-friendly emission can occur when the actual circulation ratio is lower than the minimum circulation ratio.
4. The method for on-line monitoring of the activity and the circulation control of the desulfurization slurry according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the activity changes, the corresponding minimum circulation amount and the maximum circulation amount also change, the minimum circulation ratio and the maximum circulation ratio also change, the circulation amount adjustment also changes, but the theoretical circulation amount L still keeps unchanged.
5. The method for on-line monitoring of the activity and the circulation control of the desulfurization slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the 1/t time does not include the response time and the data acquisition time of the slurry circulating pump (8), and the SO of the raw flue gas and the clean flue gas is ensured during the test period 2 The concentration and the load are relatively stable, the slurry circulating pump (8) runs normally, and the spraying layer (7) is not obviously damaged.
6. The method for on-line monitoring of the activity and the circulation control of the desulfurization slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the absorption tower body (1) is a wet desulphurization absorption tower with a spray layer (7), and the absorption tower body (1) is a limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization spray tower or a limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization liquid column tower or a dual-alkali desulphurization absorption tower.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117379944A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-12 国能龙源环保有限公司 Method, device, equipment and medium for controlling emission of clean flue gas sulfur dioxide

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117379944A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-12 国能龙源环保有限公司 Method, device, equipment and medium for controlling emission of clean flue gas sulfur dioxide
CN117379944B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-11 国能龙源环保有限公司 Method, device, equipment and medium for controlling emission of clean flue gas sulfur dioxide

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