CN114858195A - Brillouin distributed sensing method and system based on filter bank multi-carrier technology - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35364—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
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- H04B10/50—Transmitters
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
- H04L27/2627—Modulators
- H04L27/264—Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular window
- H04L27/26416—Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Brillouin distributed sensing method and a system based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D; arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix; presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements; obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix; modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information; the invention can only process the modulation signal under the condition of not changing the system structure, thereby improving the simplicity and the accuracy of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical pulse coding, in particular to a Brillouin distributed sensing method and system based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology.
Background
With the rapid development of the technology, the optical fiber sensing technology is mature day by day, and the development is great in the aspects of sensing distance, measurement accuracy and the like. However, with the layout of optical fiber sensing in high-precision dynamic measurement scenes such as civil engineering, bridges, spacecraft and the like, new requirements are put forward on the optical fiber sensing brillouin optical time domain analysis technology. Although researchers have proposed frequency comb, fast scan, etc. solutions in succession in recent years, these solutions are all frequency detection techniques based on traditional frequency sweep techniques in nature, require additional equipment to be added, and have respective limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts a scheme of optical pulse coding to modulate the original simple optical amplitude pulse signal into a special filter bank multi-carrier technical signal, the Brillouin frequency shift can be determined through the Brillouin effect of a subcarrier of the signal, and the performance of a monitoring component is further determined according to the frequency shift.
The invention provides a Brillouin distributed sensing method based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology, which comprises the following steps of:
s101: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
s102: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
s103: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
s104: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
s105: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
Further, in step S101, the modulation data D is one of a return-to-zero code, a non-return-to-zero code, or a gray code.
Further, in step S102, the construction process of the frequency domain matrix is specifically as follows:
s201: arranging the modulation data D according to M/2 data in a row to form a data matrix of K rows and M/2 columns; wherein M is an exponential power of 2;
s202: in the data matrix, zero insertion is performed at intervals in each row, specifically: and zero insertion is carried out on even rows at even positions and zero insertion is carried out on odd rows at odd positions to form a frequency domain matrix with K rows and M columns.
Further, in step S103, the filter bank multicarrier technique parameter includes: signal bandwidth B, number of subcarriers M, and subcarrier interval Δ.
Further, in step S104, the filter bank multicarrier time domain signal is calculated as follows:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,s(l) Representing a time domain signal;d k,m is a frequency domain matrix ofkGo to the firstmThe data of the columns is then written to the memory,g(l) The unit impulse response of the prototype filter.
Step S105 specifically includes: the time domain signal drives an electro-optical modulator to modulate an optical carrier through a digital-to-analog converter, so that an optical pulse signal is generated; the optical pulse signal is used as a coded optical pulse of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system to realize external information perception.
A brillouin distributed sensing system based on a filter bank multi-carrier technique, the system comprising:
the device comprises a signal code type generating module, a frequency domain matrix generating module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology parameter module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module and an optical pulse signal generating module.
The signal code pattern generation module: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
a frequency domain matrix generation module: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter module: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
the filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
the optical pulse signal generation module: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
The beneficial effects provided by the invention are as follows: the scheme can only process the modulation signal under the condition of not changing the system structure, thereby improving the simplicity and the accuracy of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a signal spectrum of a filter bank multi-carrier technique according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
the invention provides a Brillouin distributed sensing method based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology, which comprises the following steps of:
s101: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
in step S101, the modulation data D is one of a return-to-zero code, a non-return-to-zero code, and a gray code. In some other embodiments, other common patterns are possible.
In the embodiment of the invention, for a specific application system of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical sensing technology, a signal generator generates a pseudo-random signal, data is (0, 1,0,0,0,1, 1.) -and then is modulated into a non-return-to-zero code, the data is D, and K × M/2 data are assumed to be arranged in the data. M is an exponential power of 2, for example M may be 128.
S102: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
it should be noted that, in step S102, the construction process of the frequency domain matrix is specifically as follows:
s201: arranging the modulation data D according to M/2 data in a row to form a data matrix of K rows and M/2 columns; wherein M is an exponential power of 2;
s202: in the data matrix, zero insertion is performed at intervals in each row, specifically: and zero insertion is carried out on even rows at even positions and zero insertion is carried out on odd rows at odd positions to form a frequency domain matrix with K rows and M columns.
In the embodiment, the modulation data D are arranged according to a row of M/2 data, M is an exponential power of 2, and a matrix of K rows and M/2 columns can be formed; in this case are
The matrix is K rows and M/2 columns.
Then, zero insertion is performed in each row at intervals, zero insertion is performed in even rows at even positions, zero insertion is performed in odd rows at odd positions, and finally a matrix with K rows and M columns is formed as follows:
s103: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
it should be noted that, in step S103, the filter bank multicarrier technique parameters include: signal bandwidth B, number of subcarriers M, and subcarrier interval Δ.
The smaller the subcarrier spacing, the more accurate the information of the brillouin frequency shift, but the higher the rate for the digital to analog converter. For brillouin optical time domain analysis techniques, typically the sampling interval needs to be around 2 MHz;
determining the maximum offset of the Brillouin frequency shift, wherein the larger the bandwidth is, the larger the range of monitoring external information is, but the larger the bandwidth of digital-to-analog conversion is, and the larger the bandwidth is, and the larger the bandwidth is generally, the larger the bandwidth is, and the larger the bandwidth is, and the larger the bandwidth is;
the number of subcarriers is determined by the signal bandwidth and the subcarrier spacing, M = B/.
S104: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
in step S104, the filter bank multicarrier time domain signal is calculated as follows:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,s(l) Representing a time domain signal;d k,m is a frequency domain matrix ofkGo to the firstmThe data of the columns is then written to the memory,g(l) The unit impulse response of the prototype filter. In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,g(l) The PHYDYAS filter can be selected.
S105: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
Specifically, step S105 is: the time domain signal drives an electro-optical modulator to modulate an optical carrier through a digital-to-analog converter, so that an optical pulse signal is generated; the optical pulse signal is used as a coded optical pulse of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system to realize external information perception.
In the embodiment of the invention, will be produceds(l) The time domain signal passes through a digital-to-analog converter, and the sampling rate is greater than B. And driving an electro-optical modulator to modulate an optical carrier, so as to realize generation of an optical pulse signal, wherein the optical pulse is used as a coded optical pulse of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system to realize external information perception.
In the embodiment of the invention, will be produceds(l) With 200MHz sampling, the bandwidth of the filter bank multicarrier signal is 200MHz, the subcarrier spacing is 200MHz/128=1.56MHz, around 2 MHz. The time domain signal after digital-to-analog conversion is modulated onto the optical carrier of the brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system, as shown in fig. 2, so that the measurement of the external information can be realized.
The application explains the measurement process of external information as follows:
the Brillouin frequency shift occurs when the optical fiber is affected by the outside, and if the frequency shift amount caused by the outside is 10Mhz, the Brillouin frequency shift affects the carrier power of the FBMC signal with 10 MHz. At the receiving end, the received FBMC signal contains carriers from 0 to 200MHz, each at a different location, and then the carrier power at 10mHZ is significantly different from the other carriers. Therefore, it is possible to analyze which carrier wave is, and how much external influence information is obtained.
Thus, an optical pulse coded signal can be constructed based on the formula of step S104, and the signal is used as a time domain signal of the brillouin optical time domain analysis optical sensing technology instead of the original optical pulse signal.
It is obvious from the formula that each time domain signal of the formula contains information of M subcarriers, that is, a spectrum composed of M subcarriers in an optical pulse, when the pulse is used as a transmission pulse of the brillouin time domain analysis technique, external sensing information acts on the pulse, and due to the brillouin effect, the power of the subcarrier at the acting position of the effect is modulated. At a receiving end, the changed subcarriers can be determined through spectrum analysis, and then the frequency variation is determined. The number of the subcarriers of the scheme is adjustable, so that the sensitivity is more flexible, and the method is more suitable for various scenes. The scheme only encodes the light pulse without additional devices, so that the system structure is simpler.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a brillouin distributed sensing system based on filter bank multi-carrier technology according to the present invention (fig. 3 also shows a conventional scheme);
the system comprises:
the device comprises a signal code type generating module, a frequency domain matrix generating module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology parameter module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module and an optical pulse signal generating module.
The signal code pattern generation module: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
a frequency domain matrix generation module: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter module: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
the filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
the optical pulse signal generation module: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
It should be noted that the modules described above as part of a system may be implemented in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions. In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have different emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The proposed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the above-described modules is merely a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be other divisions, for example, multiple modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: extra equipment is not needed to be added, only the modulation signals are processed, and only the positions of the subcarriers influenced by the optical fiber sensing are searched, so that Brillouin frequency shift can be determined, the sensing of external information is obtained, and the simplicity and the accuracy of the system are improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A Brillouin distributed sensing method based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s101: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
s102: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
s103: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
s104: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
s105: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
2. The brillouin distributed sensing method based on the filter bank multi-carrier technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S101, the modulation data D is one of a return-to-zero code, a non-return-to-zero code, or a gray code.
3. The brillouin distributed sensing method based on the filter bank multi-carrier technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S102, the construction process of the frequency domain matrix is specifically as follows:
s201: arranging the modulation data D according to M/2 data in a row to form a data matrix of K rows and M/2 columns; wherein M is an exponential power of 2;
s202: in the data matrix, zero insertion is performed at intervals in each row, specifically: and zero insertion is carried out on even rows at even positions and zero insertion is carried out on odd rows at odd positions to form a frequency domain matrix with K rows and M columns.
4. The brillouin distributed sensing method based on the filter bank multi-carrier technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S103, the filter bank multicarrier technique parameters include: signal bandwidth B, number of subcarriers M, and subcarrier interval Δ.
5. The brillouin distributed sensing method based on filter bank multi-carrier technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S104, the filter bank multicarrier time domain signal is calculated as follows:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,s(l) Representing a time domain signal;d k,m is a frequency domain matrix ofkGo to the firstmThe data of the columns is then written to the memory,g(l) The unit impulse response of the prototype filter.
6. The brillouin distributed sensing method based on filter bank multi-carrier technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein: step S105 specifically includes: the time domain signal drives an electro-optical modulator to modulate an optical carrier through a digital-to-analog converter, so that an optical pulse signal is generated; the optical pulse signal is used as a coded optical pulse of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system to realize external information perception.
7. A Brillouin distributed sensing system based on a filter bank multi-carrier technology is characterized in that: the system comprises:
the device comprises a signal code type generating module, a frequency domain matrix generating module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology parameter module, a filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module and an optical pulse signal generating module;
the signal code pattern generation module: generating a pseudo-random signal by a signal generator, and modulating the pseudo-random signal to obtain modulated data D;
a frequency domain matrix generation module: arranging the modulation data D according to a preset rule to obtain a frequency domain matrix;
filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter module: presetting filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters according to actual requirements;
the filter bank multi-carrier technology time domain signal generating module: obtaining a filter bank multi-carrier time domain signal according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameter and the frequency domain matrix;
the optical pulse signal generation module: and modulating the time domain signal to an optical carrier of the Brillouin time domain analysis optical fiber sensing system according to the filter bank multi-carrier technical parameters to realize the measurement of external information.
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