CN114850584A - Worm wheel gear grinding machine - Google Patents
Worm wheel gear grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850584A CN114850584A CN202210703926.1A CN202210703926A CN114850584A CN 114850584 A CN114850584 A CN 114850584A CN 202210703926 A CN202210703926 A CN 202210703926A CN 114850584 A CN114850584 A CN 114850584A
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
- B23F17/006—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups using different machines or machining operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
- B23F5/04—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding worm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F23/1237—Tool holders
- B23F23/1243—Hob holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
- B23F5/202—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool having a shape similar to that of a gear or part thereof, with cutting edges situated on the tooth contour lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine, which comprises a machine tool, a first upright column and a second upright column, wherein the first upright column and the second upright column are arranged on the machine tool; the processing subassembly includes grinding wheel subassembly and hobbing cutter subassembly, and the hobbing cutter subassembly includes hobbing cutter driving piece, hob shaft and hobbing cutter, and the hobbing cutter driving piece can drive the hobbing cutter and rotate around the hob shaft to gear rough machining, the grinding wheel subassembly includes grinding wheel driving piece, emery wheel axle and emery wheel, and the grinding wheel driving piece can drive the emery wheel and rotate around the emery wheel axle, and to gear finish machining, and hobbing cutter and emery wheel have the same rack cutting edge respectively. The gear grinding machine has the advantages that the machining stability and machining precision of the gear grinding machine can be guaranteed, the cost is reduced, and the whole occupied space of the gear grinding machine is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine.
Background
In recent years, high-speed and high-torque direct drive technology has been greatly developed, and the production of transmission gears has increased dramatically. With the increasing requirements on the efficiency and the noise of the vehicle transmission, almost all new vehicles entering the market have high precision requirements, so that the gear grinding process of the gear workpiece becomes necessary.
The gear grinding machine processes the gear through the grinding wheel, and simultaneously provides cooling oil between the grinding wheel and the gear through the oil supply mechanism, and the cooling oil can lubricate and cool between the grinding wheel and the gear so as to ensure the processing stability and the processing precision.
The oil supply mechanism comprises a cooling oil treatment system, an oil mist separation system, a cleaning machine, a cooling unit, a residual oil collecting device and the like, and is large in occupied space and high in cost.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost and the overall occupied space of the gear grinding machine while ensuring the machining precision of the gear grinding machine is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a worm wheel gear grinding machine can be when guaranteeing gear grinding machine's processing stability and machining precision, reduce cost to reduce this gear grinding machine's whole occupation space.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine which comprises a machine tool, a first upright and a second upright, wherein the first upright and the second upright are arranged on the machine tool; the processing subassembly includes grinding wheel subassembly and hobbing cutter subassembly, the hobbing cutter subassembly includes hobbing cutter driving piece, hob shaft and hobbing cutter, the hobbing cutter driving piece can drive the hobbing cutter winds the hob shaft rotates, and right the gear rough machining, the grinding wheel subassembly includes grinding wheel driving piece, emery wheel axle and emery wheel, grinding wheel driving piece can drive the emery wheel winds the emery wheel axle rotates, and right the gear finish machining, just the hobbing cutter with the emery wheel has the same rack cutting edge respectively.
The machining assembly of the machine tool is integrated with a hobbing cutter assembly for rough machining and a grinding wheel assembly for finish machining, the gear is machined in a mode of rolling first and then grinding, and the specific process comprises a gear hobbing process and a gear grinding process. For example, an involute cylindrical gear is processed after heat treatment (generally carburization quenching, the tooth surface hardness is about 60 HRC), the involute cylindrical gear is processed through a hobbing cutter hard tooth surface scraping process to remove most of the machining allowance (about 90%) of the tooth thickness so as to ensure the machining efficiency, and then the involute cylindrical gear is finely ground through a grinding wheel so as to remove the rest machining allowance and ensure the machining precision and the surface quality.
Because the machining allowance of the grinding wheel for fine grinding of the gear is small, the gear can be finely ground by adopting small cutting amount, and the machining precision and the surface quality are ensured. Meanwhile, the whole processing efficiency can be ensured by combining the processing of the front-stage hob. And because the grinding wheel adopts the accurate grinding of less cutting volume, in this process, can directly grind cutting fluid such as oil of not using, and then need not to set up oil feeding system and coolant oil processing system, can reduce this worm wheel gear grinding machine's whole volume greatly to reduce occupation space, and then reduce cost.
In the prior art, the hobbing cutter is used for processing the gear before a heat treatment process, after the hobbing cutter is used for processing, the gear generally leaves a machining allowance (related to gear modulus, heat treatment control and the like) of 0.2 mm-0.4 mm, after the heat treatment processing, if cutting fluid such as oil is not used in direct grinding, only very small cutting amount processing can be adopted, the requirement of efficiency can not be met far away, in the application, the hobbing cutter and the grinding wheel are integrated into a whole, the gear after the heat treatment is processed, the processing efficiency can be effectively guaranteed, the processing precision and the surface quality can also be guaranteed, meanwhile, the cutting fluid is not needed, the occupied space can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The grinding wheel shaft of the grinding wheel component and the hob shaft of the hob component are mutually independent structures. When the gear is roughly machined by the hob, the rough machining is equivalent to milling, the rotating speed of the hob is not high, the diameter of the hob is small, and the cutting force is large during milling, so that the requirement on the rigidity of the hob shaft is high; when the grinding wheel is used for finely grinding the gear, the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is high, and if the linear speed of the grinding wheel can reach 50-80 m/s, the design requirements on the roller shaft and the grinding wheel shaft are different, and when the roller shaft and the grinding wheel shaft are set to be mutually independent structures, the design flexibility can be improved. In addition, in order to ensure the grinding efficiency and the surface quality during finish machining, the diameter of the grinding wheel is generally larger than that of the hob, so that when the grinding wheel shaft and the hob shaft are set to be mutually independent structures, the constraint of geometric dimension caused by the diameter difference of the grinding wheel and the hob can be avoided, if the hob is used for machining a gear, the grinding wheel and the gear can interfere, and meanwhile, each cutter can be ensured to be in accurate position control and optimal cutting speed.
Optionally, the machine tool is provided with a first slideway along which the first upright can slide and a second slideway along which the second upright can slide; the first upright post is provided with a third slide way and an installation platform, the machining assembly is installed on the installation platform, the installation platform can slide along the third slide way and rotate around a first axis relative to the first upright post, and the first axis is perpendicular to the third slide way; the second upright post is provided with a workbench, the workbench is provided with the gear and a rotating shaft parallel to the third slide way, the gear and the rotating shaft are coaxial and relatively fixed, and the workbench can drive the rotating shaft to drive the gear to rotate; the first slideway, the second slideway and the third slideway are mutually vertical.
Optionally, the mounting table is further provided with an auxiliary support, and the auxiliary support is used for supporting one end, away from the grinding wheel driving part, of the grinding wheel shaft.
Optionally, the grinding wheel driving part and the auxiliary support are respectively provided with a quick-change structure, and two ends of the grinding wheel shaft are respectively connected with the quick-change structures.
Optionally, the grinding wheel assembly further comprises an online dynamic balancing device.
Optionally, the second upright is further provided with a dressing device, and the dressing device comprises a dressing wheel and a dressing driving member, and the dressing driving member is used for driving the dressing wheel to rotate around a dressing axis and dressing the grinding wheel.
Optionally, the dressing apparatus is fixed to the second upright, and the dressing axis is parallel to the third slideway.
Optionally, the second upright column is further provided with a limiting seat, and the limiting seat can limit the end, away from the workbench, of the rotating shaft along the radial direction.
Optionally, the second stand still be equipped with the parallel fourth slide of pivot, spacing seat can follow the fourth slide to with the spacing cooperation of tip of pivot.
Optionally, the limiting seat is provided with a tip structure, and the tip structure can abut against the end of the rotating shaft along an axis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the tooling assembly of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of P in fig. 1.
In fig. 1-3, the reference numerals are illustrated as follows:
1-machine tool, 11-first slide, 12-second slide
2-a first upright, 21-a third slideway;
3-a second upright column, 31-a fourth slideway;
4-mounting table, 41-auxiliary support and 42-quick-change structure;
5-machining component, 51-grinding wheel component, 511-grinding wheel, 512-grinding wheel driving component, 513-grinding wheel shaft, 514-online dynamic balancing device, 52-hob component, 521-hob, 522-hob driving component and 523-hob shaft;
6-workbench, 61-drive part;
7-dressing device, 71-dressing wheel, 72-dressing drive;
8-a limiting seat and 81-a tip structure;
91-gear, 92-shaft;
a-a first axis; b-the axis of rotation of the grinding spindle; b1 — trim axis; c-axis of the rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine, which is used for processing a gear to be processed.
As shown in fig. 1, the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine comprises a machine tool 1, and a first column 2 and a second column 3 which are arranged on the machine tool 1, wherein the first column 2 is provided with a machining assembly 5, the second column 3 is used for installing a gear 91 to be machined, and the machining assembly 5 is used for machining the gear 91.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the machining assembly 5 includes a grinding wheel assembly 51 and a hob assembly 52, wherein the hob assembly 52 includes a hob driver 522, a hob shaft 523 and a hob 521, the hob driver 522 can drive the hob 521 to rotate around the hob shaft 523 and perform rough machining on the gear 91, the grinding wheel assembly 51 includes a grinding wheel driver 512, a grinding wheel spindle 513 and a grinding wheel 511, and the grinding wheel driver 512 can drive the grinding wheel 511 to rotate around the grinding wheel spindle 513 and perform finish machining on the gear 91. The hob 521 and the grinding wheel 511 have the same rack cutting edge, respectively, for machining the same gear 91.
In the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided by the embodiment, the machining assembly 5 of the machine tool 1 is integrated with the hob assembly 52 for rough machining and the grinding wheel assembly 51 for finish machining, and the gear 91 is machined in a rolling-before-grinding mode, and the specific process comprises a gear hobbing process and a gear grinding process. For example, an involute cylindrical gear is processed after heat treatment (generally carburization quenching, the tooth surface hardness is about 60 HRC), the involute cylindrical gear is processed by a hard tooth surface scraping process through a hobbing cutter 521 to remove most of the machining allowance (about 90%) of the tooth thickness so as to ensure the machining efficiency, and then the gear 91 is finely ground through a grinding wheel 511 to remove the rest machining allowance so as to ensure the machining precision and the surface quality.
Because the machining allowance of the grinding wheel 511 for fine grinding of the gear 91 is small, the gear 91 can be finely ground by adopting a small cutting amount, and the machining precision and the surface quality are ensured. Meanwhile, the whole processing efficiency can be ensured by combining the processing of the front hob 521. And, because the emery wheel 511 adopts the minor cutting amount to correct grinding, in this process, can directly grind and not use cutting fluid such as oil, and then need not to set up oil feeding system and coolant oil processing system, can reduce this worm wheel gear grinding machine's whole volume greatly to reduce occupation space, and then reduce cost.
In the prior art, the hob 521 is used for processing the gear 91 before a heat treatment process, after the hob 521 is used for processing, the gear 91 generally leaves a machining allowance (related to a gear modulus, heat treatment control and the like) of 0.2mm to 0.4mm, after the heat treatment processing, if oil and other cutting fluids are not used in direct grinding, only very small cutting amount can be adopted for processing, the requirement of efficiency can not be met far, in the application, the hob 521 and the grinding wheel 511 are integrated into a whole, the gear after the heat treatment is processed, the processing efficiency can be effectively guaranteed, meanwhile, the processing precision and the surface quality can be guaranteed, meanwhile, due to the fact that the cutting fluids are not needed, the occupied space can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the grinding spindle 513 of the grinding wheel unit 51 and the hob spindle 523 of the hob unit 52 are independent of each other. When the gear 91 is roughly machined by the hob 521, the rough machining is equivalent to milling, the rotating speed of the hob 521 is not high, the diameter of the hob 521 is small, and the cutting force is large during milling, so that the requirement on the rigidity of the hob shaft 523 is high; when the gear 91 is finely ground by the grinding wheel 511, the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 511 is high, and if the linear speed of the grinding wheel 511 can reach 50m/s to 80m/s, so that the design requirements for the roller shaft 523 and the grinding wheel shaft 513 are different, and when the roller shaft 523 and the grinding wheel shaft 513 are set to be mutually independent structures, the design flexibility can be improved. Further, since the diameter of the grinding wheel 511 is generally larger than that of the hob 521 in order to ensure grinding efficiency and surface quality in finish machining, when the grinding wheel 513 and the hob shaft 523 are configured independently of each other, it is possible to avoid the geometrical size constraint due to the difference in diameter between the grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521, and to ensure accurate position control and an optimal cutting speed for each tool, such as when the hob 521 machines the gear 91, in which the grinding wheel 511 interferes with the gear 91.
The machine tool 1 is provided with a first slideway 11 and a second slideway 12, the first upright 2 can slide along the first slideway 11, and the second upright 3 can slide along the second slideway 12. The first upright 2 is further provided with a third slideway 21, and the first slideway 11, the second slideway 12 and the third slideway 21 are perpendicular to each other, wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the first slideway 11 is arranged along the Y-axis direction, the second slideway 12 is arranged along the X-axis direction, and the third slideway 21 is arranged along the Z-axis direction.
The first upright 2 is further provided with a mounting table 4, the mounting table 4 being able to slide along the third slideway 21 and rotate about the first axis a with respect to the first upright 2, the mounting table 4 being fitted with the above-mentioned machining assembly 5. The first axis a is perpendicular to the third slide 21, that is, the first axis a is parallel to an XY plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis.
The second column 3 can slide along the second slide 12 relative to the machine tool 1, and the second column 3 is provided with a workbench 6, the workbench 6 is provided with a rotating shaft 92 and the gear 91 to be processed, the rotating shaft 92 and the gear 91 are coaxial and relatively fixed, the workbench 6 is further provided with a driving part 61, the rotating shaft 92 can drive the gear 91 to rotate around an axis C of the rotating shaft under the driving action of the driving part 61, and the axis C of the rotating shaft is parallel to the third slide 21.
The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided by the embodiment processes involute cylindrical gear parts by using a generating method according to the meshing principle of the gear 91. The grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521 are both worms, the pressure angle of the axial section is a helical rack which is the same as the pressure angle of the gear 91, and the control rack is correctly meshed with the gear 91, so that the cutting edge of the rack is wrapped on the surface of the gear 91 to form a correct tooth profile. Therefore, the grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521 have the same rack cutting edge, respectively, for machining the same gear 91 to be machined.
For example, the gear 91 is finely machined by the grinding wheel 511, the grinding wheel 511 and the gear 91 are subjected to tool setting, after the tool setting is completed, the grinding wheel 511 is moved in a manner that the first upright post 2 slides along the first slideway 11, the mounting table 4 slides along the third slideway 21, the mounting table 4 rotates around the first axis a, and the like, so that the grinding wheel 511 and the gear 91 enter a correct meshing position for grinding, the second upright post 3 drives the gear 92 to slide along the second slideway 12, the radial feed of the gear 91 can be adjusted, the mounting table 4 drives the grinding wheel assembly 51 to slide along the third slideway 21, the axial feed grinding of the gear 91 can be performed, the first upright post 2 drives the grinding wheel assembly 51 to slide along the first slideway 11, so that the axial feed of the grinding wheel 511 can be performed, the mounting table 4 needs to rotate around the first axis a to a proper angle, so as to ensure that the rotation axis B of the grinding wheel and the axis of the gear 91 (i.e. the axis C of the rotating shaft) intersect to a correct angle, at the same time, the rotational speed of grinding wheel 511 and the rotational speed of gear 91 should maintain the correct ratio of rotational speeds.
The rough machining process of the gear 91 by the hob 521 is similar to the finish machining process of the gear 91 by the grinding wheel 511, and is not described herein for brevity.
Specifically, the "correct angle" and the "correct rotation speed ratio" may be controlled according to the specific conditions of the gear 91 and the grinding wheel 511 and according to a program, and will not be described herein again.
In this embodiment, this worm wheel gear grinding machine includes four numerical control axles, is X axle, Y axle, Z axle and A axle respectively to set up these four numerical control axles respectively on two stands, compare in the scheme of setting up four numerical control axles on a stand, can avoid every numerical control axle's position error all can superpose on whole position error, thereby improve the machining precision, guarantee the machining effect. And, along with the increase of the quantity of numerical control axle of piling up at same stand, the whole rigidity of lathe can decrement, consequently, set up two stands, set up second slide 12 between second stand 3 and lathe 1 (namely, set up the regulation of X axle position at second stand 3), can simplify the drive structure between mount table 4 and first stand 2, shorten the driving chain, and reduce the overhanging volume of cutter at first stand 2 along first axis A, improve overall rigidity and stability, avoid producing the problem such as vibration in the course of working, guarantee machining precision and cutter's life.
Further, when the first upright 2 slides along the first slide rail 11 and the second upright 3 slides along the second slide rail 12, the entire upright moves, and the workpiece does not move on the upright or the mount 4 moves on the upright, which can further improve the movement stability.
In this embodiment, the first upright 2 slides along the first slideway 11, the second upright 3 slides along the second slideway 12, and the mounting table 4 slides along the third slideway 21, which can be driven by a servo motor and a screw rod assembly respectively, or driven by a rack assembly, an air cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder, which are provided with a servo motor and a gear 91, and are not limited specifically here. The sliding amount of the column along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis can be numerically controlled according to practical situations and programming, which is well known in the prior art for persons skilled in the art and will not be described herein for brevity.
In addition, the structure of each slide way is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the slide way may be a slide way or a slide rail, the upright column and the mounting table 4 are correspondingly provided with a sliding part capable of sliding along the slide way or the slide rail, and the sliding part may be a sliding block or a pulley.
As shown in fig. 2, the mounting table 4 is further provided with an auxiliary support 41, the auxiliary support 41 is used for supporting one end of the grinding wheel spindle 513 away from the grinding wheel driving part 512, that is, the grinding wheel driving part 512 drives the grinding wheel spindle 513 to drive the grinding wheel 511 to rotate from one end, and the auxiliary support 41 can provide support for the grinding wheel spindle 513 from the other end to ensure the stability of the grinding wheel spindle 513, thereby ensuring the stability of the grinding wheel 511 and improving the processing precision and the surface quality.
The both ends of emery wheel axle 513 still are equipped with quick change structure 42 respectively, and in two sets of quick change structures 42, a set of quick change structure 42 set up in emery wheel driving piece 512, and another set of quick change structure 42 sets up in auxiliary stay 41, and is concrete, does not do the restriction to this quick change structure 42's concrete structure, and the quick assembly disassembly operation of emery wheel axle 513 can be realized in the setting of two sets of quick change structures 42, improves the convenience.
Of course, in this embodiment, an auxiliary support may also be disposed at an end of the roller shaft 523 away from the roller driving element 522, and the end portions of the roller shaft 523 may also be respectively provided with a quick-change structure, which may specifically be set according to actual requirements.
The grinding wheel assembly 51 further comprises an online dynamic balance device 514 for providing dynamic balance compensation for the rotation of the grinding wheel 511, so as to further ensure the stability of the grinding wheel 511 and improve the machining precision and the surface quality. Specifically, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the dynamic online balancing device 514 is not limited, and how to ensure the stability of the grinding wheel 511 by disposing the dynamic online balancing device 514 is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art, and for the sake of brevity, details are not described herein again.
In order to ensure the machining accuracy, the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine further comprises a dressing device 7, as shown in fig. 3, the dressing device 7 comprises a dressing wheel 71 and a dressing drive 72, and the dressing wheel 71 can rotate around a dressing axis B1 under the driving action of the dressing drive 72 and dress the grinding wheel 511. Before the gear 91 is machined, the grinding wheel 511 is trimmed by the trimming wheel 71, and after the grinding wheel 511 is trimmed and formed, the tool is adjusted with the gear 91 to be ground so as to ensure the machining precision.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the dressing device 7 is provided on the second upright 3, and the position of the dressing device 7 on the second upright 3 in the Z-axis direction is unchanged, and the dressing axis B1 is parallel to the third slide 21, i.e., is provided in the Z-axis direction, so as to avoid interference of the grinding wheel 511 with the dressing device 7 during the process of machining the workpiece.
Specifically, the dressing wheel 71 is a diamond wheel, when the grinding wheel 511 needs to be dressed, the mounting table 4 drives the grinding wheel 511 to rotate around the first axis a until the rotation axis B of the grinding wheel spindle is parallel to the dressing axis B1, the first upright 2 drives the grinding wheel 511 to slide along the first slideway 11, the mounting table 4 drives the grinding wheel 511 to slide along the third slideway 21 until the grinding wheel 511 moves to the position of the dressing wheel 71, and then the dressing driving member 72 is started to drive the dressing wheel 71 to rotate around the dressing axis B1 and dress the grinding wheel 511.
Of course, in this embodiment, the dressing apparatus 7 may be provided on the machine tool 1, or the dressing apparatus 7 may further include a driving member for driving the whole to move and rotate so as to be able to engage with the grinding wheel 511 without interfering with the grinding wheel assembly 51, and when the dressing axis B1 is provided parallel to the third slideway 21 while the dressing apparatus 7 is fixedly provided on the second upright 3, the whole structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced while ensuring no interference with the grinding wheel assembly 51.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second column 3 is further provided with a limiting seat 8, the driving portion 61 provided on the working table 6 can drive the rotating shaft 92 and drive the gear 91 to rotate around the axis C of the rotating shaft, and the limiting seat 8 and the working table 6 can be connected with the rotating shaft 92 from two ends respectively and can radially limit the rotating shaft 92.
In detail, one end of the rotating shaft 92 is connected with the workbench 6, the other end of the rotating shaft 92 is in limit connection with the limit seat 8, the rotating shaft 92 can rotate relative to the limit seat 8, and the limit seat 8 can limit the end of the rotating shaft 92 to move along the radial direction, so that the vibration generated by the rotating shaft 92 in the rotating process is reduced, the stability of the rotating shaft 92 and a workpiece is ensured, and the machining precision is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the second column 3 is further provided with a fourth slide way 31, the fourth slide way 31 is also arranged along the Z-axis direction, that is, the rotating shaft 92, the fourth slide way 31 and the third slide way 21 are all arranged in parallel, and the limiting seat 8 can slide along the fourth slide way 31. Specifically, when installing the work piece, earlier slide spacing seat 8 to the one side of keeping away from workstation 6 along fourth slide 31, install pivot 92 in workstation 6 back, pivot 92 is spacing towards the one end of workstation 6, then move spacing seat 8 along fourth slide 31 to one side of workstation 6 until spacing seat 8 and the spacing cooperation of the tip of pivot 92, at this moment, workstation 6 and spacing seat 8 can be spacing from both ends countershaft 92 respectively. The fourth slide 31 is arranged, so that the adjustment of the limiting seat 8 is more flexible, the limiting connection between the limiting seat 8 and the rotating shaft 92 is convenient to realize, and the rotating shafts 92 with different lengths are convenient to limit through the limiting seat 8.
Specifically, when the workpiece to be machined is a gear shaft, the shaft portion of the gear shaft forms a rotating shaft 92, and when the workpiece to be machined is a gear 91, the rotating shaft 92 may be additionally provided, in which case the rotating shaft 92 is a tool shaft.
As shown in fig. 3, the stopper base 8 is provided with a tip structure 81, the tip structure 81 can abut against an end portion of the rotating shaft 92, and a position where the tip structure 81 abuts is collinear with an axis of the rotating shaft 92. Alternatively, the stopper base 8 may be provided with a rotating member that rotates together with the rotating shaft 92 by abutting against the end of the rotating shaft 92, and when the stopper base 8 abuts against the rotating shaft 92 through the tip structure 81, the overall structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine is characterized by comprising a machine tool (1), a first upright (2) and a second upright (3) which are arranged on the machine tool (1), wherein the first upright (2) is provided with a machining assembly (5), and the second upright (3) is used for mounting a gear (91) to be machined;
processing subassembly (5) include grinding wheel subassembly (51) and hobbing cutter subassembly (52), hobbing cutter subassembly (52) include hobbing cutter drive (522), hobbing cutter axle (523) and hobbing cutter (521), hobbing cutter drive (522) can drive hobbing cutter (521) wind hobbing cutter axle (523) rotates, and right gear (91) rough machining, grinding wheel subassembly (51) include grinding wheel drive (512), grinding wheel axle (513) and emery wheel (511), grinding wheel drive (512) can drive emery wheel (511) wind grinding wheel axle (513) rotates, and right gear (91) finish machining, just hobbing cutter (521) with emery wheel (511) have the same rack cutting edge respectively.
2. The worm grinding wheel tooth grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said machine tool (1) is provided with a first slideway (11) along which said first upright (2) is slidable and a second slideway (12) along which said second upright (3) is slidable;
the first upright post (2) is provided with a third slide way (21) and a mounting table (4), the machining assembly (5) is mounted on the mounting table (4), the mounting table (4) can slide along the third slide way (21) and rotate around a first axis (A) relative to the first upright post (2), and the first axis (A) is perpendicular to the third slide way (21);
the second upright post (3) is provided with a workbench (6), the workbench (6) is provided with the gear (91) and a rotating shaft (92) parallel to the third slide way (21), the gear (91) and the rotating shaft (92) are coaxial and relatively fixed, and the workbench (6) can drive the rotating shaft (92) to drive the gear (91) to rotate;
the first slideway (11), the second slideway (12) and the third slideway (21) are mutually perpendicular.
3. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the mounting table (4) is further provided with an auxiliary support (41), the auxiliary support (41) being used for supporting one end of the grinding wheel spindle (513) remote from the grinding wheel drive (512).
4. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the grinding wheel drive (512) and the auxiliary support (41) are each provided with a quick-change structure (42), and the grinding wheel spindle (513) is connected at both ends thereof with the quick-change structures (42), respectively.
5. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that said grinding wheel assembly (511) further comprises an online dynamic balancing device (514).
6. The worm grinding wheel tooth grinding machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second upright (3) is further provided with a dressing device (7), the dressing device (7) comprising a dressing wheel (71) and a dressing drive (72), the dressing drive (72) being adapted to drive the dressing wheel (71) in rotation about a dressing axis (B1) and to dress the grinding wheel (511).
7. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that said dressing device (7) is fixed to said second upright (3) and in that said dressing axis (B1) is parallel to said third slideway (21).
8. The worm grinding wheel tooth grinding machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second upright (3) is further provided with a limiting seat (8), and the limiting seat (8) can radially limit one end of the rotating shaft (92) far away from the workbench (6).
9. The worm grinding wheel tooth grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the second upright (3) is further provided with a fourth slideway (31) parallel to the rotating shaft (92), and the limiting seat (8) can slide along the fourth slideway (31) to be in limiting fit with the end part of the rotating shaft (92).
10. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the limiting seat (8) is provided with a tip structure (81), the tip structure (81) being capable of abutting against the end of the rotating shaft (92) along an axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210703926.1A CN114850584B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210703926.1A CN114850584B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine |
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| CN114850584A true CN114850584A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
| CN114850584B CN114850584B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN202210703926.1A Active CN114850584B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4389333A1 (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-26 | M Services S.r.l. | Gear cutting machine |
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| EP4389333A1 (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-26 | M Services S.r.l. | Gear cutting machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114850584B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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