CN114845240B - Mining miniaturized high-penetrability air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue - Google Patents
Mining miniaturized high-penetrability air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue Download PDFInfo
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- CN114845240B CN114845240B CN202210473047.4A CN202210473047A CN114845240B CN 114845240 B CN114845240 B CN 114845240B CN 202210473047 A CN202210473047 A CN 202210473047A CN 114845240 B CN114845240 B CN 114845240B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mining miniaturized high-penetrability air-ground well communication system for emergency rescue, which comprises: the system comprises space satellite carrying nodes, air vehicle carrying nodes, ground hubs, underground mine relay nodes and underground miner personal nodes; the space satellite carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through high-frequency electromagnetic waves; the space satellite carrying node is in bidirectional communication connection with the ground center through high-frequency electromagnetic waves; the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave; the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the individual nodes of the underground miners through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves; the aerial vehicle carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves; the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground mine relay node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave; the underground mine relay node is connected with the underground miner personal node through very low frequency electromagnetic wave two-way communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-frequency communication, and particularly relates to a mining miniaturized high-penetrability air-ground-well communication system for emergency rescue.
Background
The mine emergency communication system is a system which can still provide communication for people in danger after accidents such as gas, flood, fire, rock burst and the like happen to a mine. On one hand, the situation and the position of the trapped person are known through the communication system, so that a rescue scheme can be reasonably designed for a ground rescue team, and quick and effective rescue can be organized as soon as possible; on the other hand, the transmission and communication of the information on the ground and the information under the ground can give the trapped people greater survival confidence and stronger survival desire. Therefore, the mine emergency rescue communication system must have the survivability in a disaster situation, the on-demand reconfiguration capability after the disaster, and the characteristics of communication and perception repetition.
The existing communication applied to the ground and under the mine mainly adopts a wired communication system network for transmission, such as mine broadcasting, dispatching telephone and the like. The anti-accident destructive power of the underground communication system is weak, and when a disaster accident happens, a line is easily damaged, so that the underground communication system is broken down due to the interruption of the underground communication. In addition, in the process of laying a wired communication system, a fixed communication unit needs to be set at a preset node and is generally laid at a position where personnel are relatively centralized and the working place is relatively fixed, so that communication cannot be carried out at any working place under a mine, and the method is not suitable for serving as an emergency communication means under emergency conditions.
And for wireless emergency communication networks. Due to the particularity of underground environment and the special requirements of underground communication equipment, the application of general ground wireless communication equipment, such as wireless telephones, interphones and the like, in mines is limited. The electromagnetic wave transmission medium for underground wireless communication is not air, but a complex layered geological structure. Generally, the surface soil of the crust has high water content and various natural minerals, and because of high conductivity, the electromagnetic wave attenuation is serious. In addition, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave has a great influence on the propagation of the electromagnetic wave in the underground, and the higher the frequency is, the more serious the attenuation of the electromagnetic wave in the underground is. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve downhole penetration communication using a wireless communication system directly in the air above the ground.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mining miniaturized air, ground and well communication system with strong penetrability for emergency rescue, which makes full use of the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves with different frequencies and realizes channel widening of an information transmission link.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a mining miniaturized high-penetrability air-space-ground well communication system for emergency rescue, which comprises: the system comprises space satellite carrying nodes, air vehicle carrying nodes, ground hubs, underground mine relay nodes and underground miner personal nodes;
the space satellite carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the space satellite carrying node is in bidirectional communication connection with the ground center through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the aerial vehicle carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely-low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground mine relay node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the underground mine relay node is connected with the underground miner personal node through very low frequency electromagnetic wave two-way communication.
Optionally, the extremely low frequency electromagnetic wave is used for transmitting vital signs and trapped positions of miners; based on the communication between the aerial vehicle carrying node and the underground miner personal node, searching the position of the miner to obtain the position of the miner trapped; and communicating with the underground miner personal node based on the ground center to obtain the vital signs of the miners.
Optionally, the very low frequency electromagnetic wave modulates voice category information, and is used for ad hoc network of the underground mine relay node and penetrability communication of the underground miner personal node.
Optionally, the penetrative contact includes: the ground center, the underground mine relay node and the underground miner personal node carry out through-the-earth communication, and carry out self-rescue guidance on underground trapped miners to obtain detailed information of accidents.
Optionally, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves form a collaborative rescue network in different mining areas through a satellite, cross-regional emergency rescue networking is obtained, and rescue force transfer and daily safety operation early warning are performed.
Optionally, the underground miner personal node is used for mine operation, and establishes communication with the ground center in real time through the underground mine relay node.
Optionally, the establishing communication adopts a downlink channel and an uplink channel, the downlink channel is used for the ground center to indicate the miner work task, and the uplink channel is used for returning the miner vital signs and the miner work condition.
Optionally, the underground mine relay node includes a loop antenna, a rotating platform, a console, a base, a power supply, and an emergency manual device; the loop antenna is made of magnetic materials, the rotating platform is used for controlling the loop antenna made of the magnetic materials to rotate, and the console is used for communication setting; the base is used for bearing the underground mine relay node, the power supply is used for supplying power, and the emergency manual device is used for controlling the rotation of the rotating platform.
Optionally, the working process of the underground mine relay node includes: sending information and receiving information; when information is sent, the rotary platform controls the annular antenna to rotate and radiates low-frequency electromagnetic waves outwards, and an emergency manual device is adopted to control the rotary platform to rotate and send extremely-low-frequency signals in an emergency; when receiving information, the loop antenna forms a coil to measure an upward magnetic field receiving signal.
Optionally, the underground mine relay node receives and transmits the low-frequency electromagnetic wave through the loop antenna in a half-duplex mode.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1. the mine emergency communication system carries out direct through-the-earth communication based on the low-frequency electromagnetic waves, has strong survivability, and simultaneously establishes a redundant emergency communication channel, so that the function of the emergency communication system can be ensured when an accident occurs, and the smoothness of information in the emergency rescue process is ensured.
2. The invention uses low-frequency electromagnetic waves with different frequencies to carry out interconnection among nodes, fully utilizes the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic waves with different frequencies and realizes the channel widening of the information transmission link.
3. The mining emergency communication system increases diversified means of emergency rescue through cooperative networking in multiple fields of air, space and ground wells, and improves the survival probability of the miners in distress in the emergency rescue task.
4. According to the implementation mode of the relay node, the low-frequency electromagnetic waves are radiated by mechanical drive, the volume of the low-frequency transmitting node is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and the description of the exemplary embodiments of the application are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a mining miniaturized high-penetration air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an application scene diagram of a mining miniaturized high-penetrability air-space-ground-well communication system for emergency rescue according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an underground mine relay node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a miniaturized high-penetration air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue, which includes: the system comprises space satellite carrying nodes, air vehicle carrying nodes, ground hubs, underground mine relay nodes and underground miner personal nodes;
the space satellite carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the space satellite carrying node is in bidirectional communication connection with the ground center through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely-low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the aerial vehicle carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground mine relay node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the underground mine relay node is connected with the underground miner personal node through very low frequency electromagnetic wave two-way communication.
For electromagnetic waves with different frequencies, when the frequency of the electromagnetic waves is higher, the information carrying quantity is larger, but the distance capable of penetrating and propagating under the ground is shorter; conversely, electromagnetic waves with lower frequencies carry a smaller amount of information but have a higher transmission power. Therefore, the electromagnetic waves with different frequencies are used for carrying out communication between nodes of the emergency communication systems, the contradiction between the transmission distance and the carried information amount is comprehensively coordinated, and a reasonable and efficient transmission link is established based on an application scene.
In an emergency communication system, there are three different frequency information transmission channels. The extremely-low frequency electromagnetic wave frequency is 30Hz, the penetration distance is longest, but the carried information is very little, and the extremely-low frequency electromagnetic wave is used for directly sending a signal to underground miners by an aerial vehicle, so that the search of trapped miners in emergency rescue is realized, and the rescue confidence of the miners is enhanced; in addition, the system is also used for the two-way communication between the ground center and underground miners, and the life condition of trapped miners can be basically understood. The channel transmits less data, and only vital signs and trapped positions of miners are transmitted. When the relay node of the underground mine is damaged, a small amount of data transmission of the frequency band becomes core information of emergency rescue.
The very low frequency electromagnetic wave frequency is 3kHz, has certain penetrating power to underground soil, and can modulate voice category information for ad hoc networking of underground mine relay nodes and direct communication of underground miner personal penetrability. In normal operation of the emergency rescue system, underground miners, mine relay nodes and ground centers use very low frequency electromagnetic waves for through-the-earth communication, direct contact can be carried out during daily production, under emergency conditions, the communication link serves as a main information acquisition mode for rescue implementation, self-rescue guidance can be carried out on underground trapped miners, and detailed accident information can be acquired through direct communication of the miners. In addition, because the number of instruments used in the mine environment is large, and the laid cables are dense, large electromagnetic interference exists, and therefore the communication from the ground center to the aerial aircrafts uses a very low frequency band, and good radio frequency interference resistance can be obtained.
The high frequency band is used for communication between the ground hub, the aerial vehicle and the satellite. The method is limited by the penetration limit of an ionized layer on low-frequency signals, and severe attenuation of underground high-frequency electromagnetic waves does not exist, and a high-frequency band is used for building a cooperative rescue network in different mining areas through a satellite, so that cross-regional emergency rescue networking is realized, and the rescue force is convenient to mobilize and daily safety operation early warning is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, the space satellite carrying node comprises a space satellite carrying node 1, an air vehicle carrying node 2, a ground hub 3, an underground mine relay node 4 and an underground miner personal node 5. In the daily operation of a mining area, miners carry underground miner personal nodes 5 to carry out underground operation, and establish communication with the ground center 3 in real time through the underground mine relay nodes 4, wherein the downlink channel is used for the ground center 3 to indicate miner operation tasks, and the uplink channel is used for returning miner vital signs and miner operation conditions. When an emergency occurs, the ground center 3 sends out the aerial vehicle carrying node 2 to carry out emergency search and rescue, multiple guarantees of emergency communication are built, meanwhile, rescue force in networking is contacted through the space satellite carrying node 1, and safety warning is carried out on other mines in the networking.
As shown in fig. 3, the emergency manual device comprises a loop antenna 1, a rotary platform 2, a control console 3, a base 4, a power supply 5 and an emergency manual device 6. The loop antenna 1 is made of a magnetic material. Because the moving magnetic dipole can radiate electromagnetic waves into the space, when information is sent, the rotating platform 2 controls the rotation of the loop antenna 1 made of the magnetic material to radiate low-frequency electromagnetic waves outwards, and the problem of large volume of a low-frequency transmitting antenna is solved; during reception, the loop antenna 1 constitutes a coil measuring a magnetic field pointing upwards. Therefore, the relay node operates in a half-duplex state, and transmits and receives signals through the loop antenna 1. In daily work, communication is set through the control console 3, and in emergency situations, the emergency manual device 6 is used for controlling the rotation of the rotating platform 2, so that extremely low-frequency signals are transmitted in emergency situations. The base is used for bearing the underground mine relay node, the power supply is used for supplying power, and the emergency manual device is used for controlling the rotation of the rotating platform.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mining miniaturized strong penetrability air sky ground well communication system towards emergency rescue which characterized in that includes: the system comprises space satellite carrying nodes, air vehicle carrying nodes, ground hubs, underground mine relay nodes and underground miner personal nodes;
the space satellite carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the space satellite carrying node is in bidirectional communication connection with the ground center through high-frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the aerial vehicle carrying node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the aerial vehicle carrying node is in one-way communication connection with the underground miner personal node through extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves;
the ground center is in bidirectional communication connection with the underground mine relay node through a very low frequency electromagnetic wave;
the underground mine relay node is connected with the underground miner personal node through very low frequency electromagnetic wave two-way communication.
2. An emergency rescue oriented mining miniaturized high-penetration air-space-ground-well communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves are used for transmitting vital signs and trapped positions of miners; based on the communication between the aerial vehicle carrying node and the underground miner personal node, searching the position of the miner to obtain the trapped position of the miner; and communicating with the underground miner personal node based on the ground center to obtain the vital signs of the miners.
3. An emergency rescue oriented mining miniaturized high-penetration air-ground well communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the very low frequency electromagnetic waves modulate voice category information for ad hoc networking of underground mine relay nodes and penetrating communication to the underground miner personal nodes.
4. An emergency rescue oriented mining miniaturized high penetration air-to-ground well communication system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the penetration communication comprises: the ground center, the underground mine relay node and the underground miner personal node are in through-the-earth communication, and self-rescue guidance is conducted on underground trapped miners to obtain detailed accident information.
5. The emergency rescue-oriented miniature high-penetration air, space, ground and well communication system for mines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic waves form a collaborative rescue network in different mine areas through satellites to obtain cross-regional emergency rescue networking and carry out rescue force mobilization and daily safety operation early warning.
6. An emergency rescue-oriented miniature high-penetration air-ground well communication system for mines as set forth in claim 5, wherein the underground miners' personal nodes are used for underground operation and establish communication with the ground center in real time through the underground mine relay nodes.
7. An emergency rescue oriented miniature high-penetration air-ground well communication system for mining as claimed in claim 6, wherein the establishment communication adopts a downlink channel and an uplink channel, the downlink channel is used for indicating the miners ' operation tasks by the ground center, and the uplink channel is used for transmitting the miners ' vital signs and the miners ' operation conditions back.
8. An emergency rescue-oriented miniature high-penetration air-ground well communication system for mines as set forth in claim 1, wherein the underground mine relay node comprises a loop antenna, a rotary platform, a console, a base, a power supply, an emergency manual device; the loop antenna is made of magnetic materials, the rotating platform is used for controlling the loop antenna made of the magnetic materials to rotate, and the console is used for communication setting; the base is used for bearing the underground mine relay node, the power supply is used for supplying power, and the emergency manual device is used for controlling the rotation of the rotating platform.
9. An emergency rescue-oriented miniature high-penetration air-ground well communication system for mining, as claimed in claim 8, wherein the working process of the underground mine relay node comprises: sending information and receiving information; when information is sent, the rotary platform controls the annular antenna to rotate and radiate low-frequency electromagnetic waves outwards, and an emergency manual device is adopted to control the rotary platform to rotate and send extremely low-frequency signals in emergency; when receiving information, the loop antenna forms a coil to measure an upward magnetic field receiving signal.
10. An emergency rescue oriented mining miniaturized high-penetration air-ground well communication system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the underground mine relay node receives and transmits low-frequency electromagnetic waves through the loop antenna in a half-duplex mode.
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| CN202210473047.4A CN114845240B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Mining miniaturized high-penetrability air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue |
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| CN202210473047.4A CN114845240B (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Mining miniaturized high-penetrability air, ground and well communication system for emergency rescue |
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| CN114845240B true CN114845240B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2001078256A1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-18 | Skycom Corporation | Sub-orbital relays |
| US8072220B2 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2011-12-06 | Raytheon Utd Inc. | Positioning, detection and communication system and method |
| US8542114B2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2013-09-24 | Stolar, Inc. | Cap-lamp and communications support system |
| CN101737081A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-06-16 | 张飞然 | Underground emergency searching and rescuing wireless communication system for transmitting signals by utilizing rail |
| CN103200220A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-07-10 | 工田矿山通信科技(北京)有限公司 | Mine two-way through ground communication/emergency rescue command and dispatch communication system and device |
| CN106256109A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-12-21 | 维拓警报通信公司 | Saturating ground emergence radio system |
| CN207884897U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-09-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | full mine emergency communication system |
| CN108337319A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-07-27 | 湖南正申科技有限公司 | One kind being based on very low frequency ground through communication system and its data overall planning method |
| CN114342285A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2022-04-12 | 澳瑞凯国际有限公司 | Commercial blasting system |
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