CN114838581B - Catalytic combustion heating and drying process for household ceramic products - Google Patents
Catalytic combustion heating and drying process for household ceramic products Download PDFInfo
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- CN114838581B CN114838581B CN202210432775.0A CN202210432775A CN114838581B CN 114838581 B CN114838581 B CN 114838581B CN 202210432775 A CN202210432775 A CN 202210432775A CN 114838581 B CN114838581 B CN 114838581B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 65
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a catalytic combustion heating drying process of a daily ceramic product, which aims to solve the technical problems that the product is easy to crack in the prior art, the dried product needs a storage space to be placed, and the next drying operation can be performed after the previous batch of product is dried and taken out. The catalytic combustion heating and drying process comprises the following steps: step one: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box; step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor, performing catalytic combustion and the like; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, and directly enters the next process after drying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of daily ceramic shaping, and particularly relates to a catalytic combustion heating and drying process of a daily ceramic product.
Background
The daily ceramic product mainly refers to ceramics for eating, namely ceramic products such as plates, bowls, cups, dishes and the like, is produced for meeting the demands of people on daily life, has the advantages of easy washing and keeping clean, and has bright and fine glaze surface, and is easy to wash after being stained.
The current drying mode of ceramic products mainly comprises two modes of hot air drying and natural air drying, when a natural air drying technology is adopted, the products are formed by a high-pressure die and then are naturally dried on a storage rack of a workshop, and the mode has the following defects: 1) The process drying time is long: is easily influenced by uncertainty of seasons, humiture and weather, the drying time is 1-5 days or longer, and the overall production plan is uncontrollable; 2) Inconsistencies in process conditions lead to variability in product quality: the product quality is different due to the influence of seasons, temperature, humidity, weather and other environments; 3) The product storage space is large, and the occupied plant resources are large; 4) The production efficiency is low; when the hot air drying technology is adopted to dry ceramic products, natural gas, coal, electric furnace combustion and the like are used as energy sources, and the defects of slow capital turnover, poor uniformity, large occupied area of a ceramic drying kiln and high energy consumption exist.
At present, the invention patent with the patent number of CN 201611021187.9 discloses a ceramic drying and firing method, wherein a programmable controller is used for controlling a kiln to finish ceramic drying and firing, the kiln comprises a conveying grate, a drying chamber, a combustion chamber and a cooling chamber, the drying chamber is connected with a heating system and a dehumidifying system, the combustion chamber is connected with a combustion system, and the cooling chamber is connected with a cooling system; the conveying grate is arranged at the bottoms of the drying chamber, the combustion chamber and the cooling chamber, ceramic blanks can be sequentially conveyed to the drying chamber, the combustion chamber and the cooling chamber by the conveying grate, the bottom of the conveying grate is provided with a heat insulation bottom plate, and the drying chamber, the combustion chamber and the cooling chamber are sealed into relatively independent sealed spaces through a baffle door; the conveying grate, the drying chamber, the combustion chamber and the cooling chamber all work under the program control of the programmable controller, when the drying chamber is operated, firstly, a working program is set in the programmable controller, ceramic blanks are installed in a layer frame, the layer frame is arranged on the conveying grate at the inlet outside the kiln, then the programmable controller program is started, the conveying grate is driven by power to open, the layer frame at the inlet is conveyed into the drying chamber by the conveying grate, then the baffle is closed, the layer frame is dried under the control of the programmable controller in the closed drying chamber, and at the moment, the layer frame with the ceramic blanks installed is placed on the conveying grate at the inlet outside the kiln again; after the program setting time is reached, the baffle door is opened, the conveying grate conveys the layer frames at the inlet into the drying chamber, the original layer frames in the drying chamber are conveyed into the combustion chamber for firing, so that the layer frames provided with ceramic blanks are continuously placed on the conveying grate at the outer inlet of the kiln, the conveying grate sequentially conveys the layer frames into the drying chamber for drying, the conveying grate conveys the layer frames into the combustion chamber for firing, the conveying grate conveys the layer frames into the cooling chamber for cooling, and finally the conveying grate conveys the layer frames to the outer outlet of the kiln. The ceramic drying and firing process can be completed at one time, the furnace body is short, the occupied area is small, the production efficiency is high, but the product cracking is easily caused by drying through high-temperature radiation in the drying process, the dried product needs to be placed in a storage space, factory building resources are occupied, the next drying operation can be performed only after the previous batch of product is dried and taken out, and the working efficiency is low.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems of cracking and low drying efficiency, there is a need to improve the use of the drying process.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a catalytic combustion heating drying process for domestic ceramic products, which aims to solve the technical problems that the products are easy to crack, the dried products need to be placed in a storage space, factory resources are occupied, the next drying operation can be carried out after the products of the previous batch are dried and taken out, and the working efficiency is low in the prior art.
(2) Technical proposal
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a catalytic combustion heating drying process for a domestic ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step one: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box;
step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion reaction can only occur when the catalytic combustion is performed at the temperature of more than 75 ℃;
step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 75 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 75 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards;
step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, greatly improves the drying efficiency, and directly enters the next working procedure after the drying;
step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
Preferably, the first filter is provided with 5 layers, namely a primary filter, a middle-effect filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-high-efficiency filter from outside to inside, wherein the pore diameters of the filtering membranes are respectively 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um, and the primary resistance of the filters is respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa.
Preferably, the air purification in the first step is at a level that: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m.
Preferably, the conditions for stopping adsorption in the first step are as follows: the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box reaches a saturated state.
Preferably, in the step one, 3 activated carbon adsorption tanks are arranged, and the filling amount of the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption tanks is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, and 1 active carbon adsorption box is positionedIn standby state, when needs carry out the desorption, the active carbon adsorption case of reserve gets into adsorption state, replaces one active carbon adsorption case that needs the desorption, carries out the desorption alone, is used for replacing another active carbon adsorption case that needs the desorption after this active carbon adsorption case desorption is accomplished to realize that active carbon adsorption case has 2 all the time and is in adsorption state.
Preferably, the time for passing the daily ceramic product in the tunnel furnace in the fourth step is 1-3 hours.
Preferably, the tunnel furnace in the fourth step sequentially comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying end, a speed-reducing drying section and a balancing section from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein the length ratio of the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section is 1:2:2:1, and the preset temperature thresholds in the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 70-100 ℃, 120-150 ℃, 100-120 ℃ and 70-80 ℃.
(3) Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the catalytic combustion heating drying process disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low combustion temperature by utilizing a catalytic combustion technology, so that high-temperature and high-intensity radiation does not exist, ceramic products are not cracked, the quality of the ceramic products is ensured, continuous and uninterrupted production can be realized by adopting a tunnel furnace mode, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, the drying time is shortened, the influence of seasons, humiture and weather is avoided, the storage space is not required, and the resources in a factory building are not occupied.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation mode is a catalytic combustion heating drying process of a domestic ceramic product, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box;
step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion reaction can only occur when the catalytic combustion is performed at the temperature of more than 75 ℃;
step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 75 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 75 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards;
step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, greatly improves the drying efficiency, and directly enters the next working procedure after the drying;
step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
Wherein, the filter in the step one is provided with 5 layers, which are respectively a primary filter, a middle-effect filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-high-efficiency filter from outside to inside, the pore diameters of the filtering membranes are respectively 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um, and the primary resistance of the filter is respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa.
Wherein, the air purification in the first step can reach the level: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m; meanwhile, the conditions for stopping adsorption in the first step are as follows: the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box reaches a saturated state.
In the first step, 3 active carbon adsorption boxes are arranged, and the filling quantity of the active carbon in the active carbon adsorption boxes is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, and 1 active carbon adsorption box is in preparationWhen the desorption is needed, the standby activated carbon adsorption box enters an adsorption state, one activated carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed is replaced, the desorption is carried out independently, and the activated carbon adsorption box is used for replacing the other activated carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed after the desorption is completed, so that the activated carbon adsorption box is always in the adsorption state 2.
In addition, the time for the daily ceramic product to pass through the tunnel furnace in the fourth step is 1-3 hours.
In addition, the tunnel furnace in the fourth step sequentially comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying end, a speed-reducing drying section and a balancing section from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein the length ratio of the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section is 1:2:2:1, and the preset temperature thresholds in the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 70-100 ℃, 120-150 ℃, 100-120 ℃ and 70-80 ℃.
Example 1
When the catalytic combustion heating and drying process of the technical scheme is used, the following steps are: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box; the filter is provided with 5 layers, namely a primary filter, a medium-efficiency filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-high-efficiency filter from outside to inside, wherein the pore diameters of the filtering membranes of the filters are 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um respectively, the primary resistance of the filters is respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa, and the air purification in the first step can reach the level: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m; step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion reaction can only take place when the catalytic combustion is carried out at 75 ℃, the number of the activated carbon adsorption tanks is 3, and the filling quantity of the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption tanks is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, 1 active carbon adsorption box is in standby state, when desorption is needed, the standby active carbon adsorption box enters adsorption state, replaces one active carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed, and carries out desorption alone, and the active carbon is in a state of adsorptionThe adsorption box is used for replacing another activated carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed after the desorption is completed, so that the activated carbon adsorption box is always in an adsorption state, foreign matter molecules in gas are adsorbed and concentrated by the activated carbon, clean air enters a chimney to be discharged, adsorption is stopped when the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box meets the adsorption stopping condition and reaches a saturated state along with the time, at the moment, organic matters in waste gas are concentrated in the activated carbon, a temperature sensing device is arranged in a catalytic combustion device, when the temperature is higher than a desorption early warning value of 90 ℃, an air supplementing fan is started for supplementing cold, and when the temperature is higher than a desorption alarm value of 120 ℃, an automatic spraying device is started for cooling; step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 75 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 75 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards; the catalyst is ceramic honeycomb noble metal catalyst, and when the hot gas source reaches the boiling point of organic matters, the organic matters are catalytically decomposed into CO 2 And H 2 O releases heat, the heat is divided into two directions, one part of the heat is sent into a tunnel furnace after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and the other part of the heat returns to the activated carbon adsorption box again; step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, greatly improves the drying efficiency, and directly enters the next process after drying. Putting the daily ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace, and adjusting the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace according to the size of the daily ceramic product and the length of the tunnel furnace to obtainChanging the passing time of daily ceramic products with different sizes in a tunnel furnace, wherein the passing time of the daily ceramic products with larger sizes is 3 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with medium sizes is 2 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with smaller sizes is 1 hour, the tunnel furnace sequentially comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying end, a speed reducing drying section and a balancing section from an inlet end to an outlet end, the length ratio of the heating section to the constant-speed drying end to the speed reducing drying section to the balancing section is 1:2:2:1, the preset temperature thresholds in the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 70 ℃, 120 ℃, 100 ℃ and 70 ℃, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds the threshold value, a second air supplementing fan is started to supplement fresh air in the tunnel furnace, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled, and waste gas in the tunnel furnace returns to a catalytic combustion device; step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
Example 2
When the catalytic combustion heating and drying process of the technical scheme is used, the following steps are: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box; the filter is provided with 5 layers, namely a primary filter, a medium-efficiency filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-high-efficiency filter from outside to inside, wherein the pore diameters of the filtering membranes of the filters are 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um respectively, the primary resistance of the filters is respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa, and the air purification in the first step can reach the level: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m; step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion generates catalytic combustion reaction at 75 ℃, 3 active carbon adsorption boxes are arranged, and the filling quantity of active carbon in the active carbon adsorption boxes is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, 1 active carbon adsorption box is in standby state, when desorption is needed, the standby active carbon adsorption box enters adsorption state to replace one active carbon adsorption boxThe active carbon adsorption box that needs to desorb is carried out the desorption alone, this active carbon adsorption box is used for replacing another active carbon adsorption box that needs to desorb after the desorption is accomplished, thereby realize that active carbon adsorption box has 2 all the time and is in the adsorption state, foreign matter molecule in the gas is adsorbed by active carbon, concentrate, clean air gets into the chimney and discharges, as time goes on, satisfy when the active carbon in the active carbon adsorption box of stopping adsorption condition reaches the saturated condition, the organic matter in the waste gas is concentrated in the active carbon at this moment, be provided with temperature sensing device in the catalytic combustion device, when the temperature is higher than desorption early warning value 90 ℃, start the cold air make-up for first time, when the temperature is higher than desorption alarm value 110 ℃, start automatic spray device and cool; step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 85 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 75 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards; the catalyst is ceramic honeycomb noble metal catalyst, and when the hot gas source reaches the boiling point of organic matters, the organic matters are catalytically decomposed into CO 2 And H 2 O releases heat, the heat is divided into two directions, one part of the heat is sent into a tunnel furnace after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and the other part of the heat returns to the activated carbon adsorption box again; step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, greatly improves the drying efficiency, and directly enters the next process after drying. Putting the daily ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace according to the daily ceramicThe method comprises the steps of adjusting the rotating speed of a tunnel furnace to change the passing time of daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, wherein the passing time of the daily ceramic products with larger sizes is 3 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with medium sizes is 2 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with smaller sizes is 1 hour, the tunnel furnace sequentially comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying end, a speed reducing drying section and a balancing section from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein the length ratio of the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed reducing drying section and the balancing section is 1:2:2:1, temperature thresholds preset in the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 80 ℃, 140 ℃, 110 ℃ and 70 ℃, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds the threshold, a second air supplementing fan is started to supplement fresh air in the tunnel furnace, and waste gas in the tunnel furnace returns to a catalytic combustion device; step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
Example 3
When the catalytic combustion heating and drying process of the technical scheme is used, the following steps are: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box; the filter is provided with 5 layers, namely a primary filter, a medium-efficiency filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-high-efficiency filter from outside to inside, wherein the pore diameters of the filtering membranes of the filters are 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um respectively, the primary resistance of the filters is respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa, and the air purification in the first step can reach the level: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m; step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion generates catalytic combustion reaction at 100 ℃, 3 active carbon adsorption boxes are arranged, and the filling quantity of active carbon in the active carbon adsorption boxes is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, 1 active carbon adsorption box is in standby state, when the removal is neededWhen the adsorption device is attached, the standby activated carbon adsorption box enters an adsorption state to replace one activated carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed, and the desorption is carried out independently, and the activated carbon adsorption box is used for replacing the other activated carbon adsorption box needing to be desorbed after the desorption is completed, so that the activated carbon adsorption box is always in an adsorption state, foreign matter molecules in gas are adsorbed and concentrated by the activated carbon, clean air enters a chimney to be discharged, and when the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box meets the adsorption stopping condition and reaches a saturated state along with the time, the adsorption is stopped, at the moment, organic matters in waste gas are concentrated in the activated carbon, a temperature sensing device is arranged in a catalytic combustion device, an air make-up fan is started for make-up cooling firstly when the temperature is higher than a desorption warning value of 80 ℃, and an automatic spraying device is started for cooling when the temperature is higher than a desorption warning value of 120 ℃; step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 100 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 100 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards; the catalyst is ceramic honeycomb noble metal catalyst, and when the hot gas source reaches the boiling point of organic matters, the organic matters are catalytically decomposed into CO 2 And H 2 O releases heat, the heat is divided into two directions, one part of the heat is sent into a tunnel furnace after heat exchange and temperature reduction, and the other part of the heat returns to the activated carbon adsorption box again; step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; the catalytic combustion heating and drying process utilizes the catalytic combustion technology, does not cause cracking of ceramic products, can realize continuous production, greatly improves the drying efficiency, and directly enters the next process after drying.Putting the daily ceramic products to be dried into a tunnel furnace, adjusting the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace according to the sizes of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, so as to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, wherein the passing time of the daily ceramic products with larger sizes is 3 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with medium sizes is 2 hours, the passing time of the daily ceramic products with smaller sizes is 1 hour, the tunnel furnace sequentially comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying end, a speed reducing drying section and a balancing section from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein the length ratio of the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed reducing drying section and the balancing section is 1:2:2, the temperature thresholds preset in the heating section, the constant-speed drying end, the speed reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 80 ℃, the temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace is used for monitoring the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds the threshold value, a cooling fan II is started, fresh air is supplemented into the tunnel furnace, and the waste gas in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled to return to a catalytic combustion device; step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
Claims (7)
1. The catalytic combustion heating and drying process for the domestic ceramic product is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: the air is sent into a filter and an activated carbon adsorption box under the action of the power of a fan, and the filter is used for filtering the gas to remove impurities in the gas; removing foreign matter molecules in the gas by an activated carbon adsorption box;
step two: starting an electric heater in the catalytic combustor to heat the interior of the catalytic combustor for catalytic combustion; the catalytic combustion reaction can only occur when the catalytic combustion is performed at the temperature of more than 75 ℃;
step three: when the temperature in the catalytic combustor is raised to more than 75 ℃, the electric heater is turned off, air and pipeline fuel gas which are subjected to filtration and activated carbon adsorption purification treatment are simultaneously introduced into the catalytic combustor, and the fuel gas forms flameless combustion under the combined action of the air, the catalyst in the catalytic combustor and the temperature above 75 ℃, so that heat is conducted and radiated outwards;
step four: putting the domestic ceramic product to be dried into a tunnel furnace provided with a catalytic burner, and heating and drying; according to the size of the daily ceramic products and the length of the tunnel furnace, the rotating speed of the tunnel furnace is adjusted to change the passing time of the daily ceramic products with different sizes in the tunnel furnace, a temperature sensor in the tunnel furnace monitors the temperature in the tunnel furnace in real time, and when the temperature exceeds a set value, the opening of a valve and the flow of air are automatically adjusted by a servo motor, so that the temperature in the tunnel furnace is effectively controlled; directly entering the next working procedure of the dried product;
step five: the dried domestic ceramic product is directly sent to the next working procedure from the outlet end of the tunnel furnace through a conveying device.
2. The process for catalytic combustion, heating and drying of ceramic products for daily use according to claim 1, wherein the first filter is provided with 5 layers, namely a primary filter, a middle-effect filter, a sub-high-efficiency filter, a high-efficiency filter and a super-efficiency filter from outside to inside, the pore diameters of the filtering membranes of the first filter, the second filter and the super-efficiency filter are respectively 5um, 1.0um, 0.5um, 0.3um and 0.1um, and the primary resistances of the filters are respectively less than or equal to 50Pa, less than or equal to 80Pa, less than or equal to 1200Pa, less than or equal to 220Pa and less than or equal to 280Pa.
3. The process for catalytic combustion, heating and drying of ceramic products for daily use according to claim 1, wherein the air purification in the first step is of the order of: the grain diameter is more than or equal to 5.0 mu m.
4. The process for drying ceramic products by catalytic combustion and heating according to claim 1, wherein the condition for stopping adsorption in the first step is as follows: the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box reaches a saturated state.
5. The process for drying ceramic products by catalytic combustion and heating according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, 3 activated carbon adsorption tanks are provided, and the filling amount of activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption tanks is 2m 3 Wherein 2 active carbon adsorption boxes are in adsorption state, and 1 active carbon adsorption box is in standby state, and when needs carry out the desorption, standby active carbon adsorption box gets into adsorption state, replaces one active carbon adsorption box that needs the desorption, carries out the desorption alone, is used for replacing another active carbon adsorption box that needs the desorption after this active carbon adsorption box desorption is accomplished to realize that active carbon adsorption box has 2 all the time and is in adsorption state.
6. The process for catalytic combustion, heating and drying of household ceramic products according to claim 1, wherein the passage time of the household ceramic products in the tunnel furnace in the fourth step is 1-3 hours.
7. The process for catalytic combustion and heating drying of ceramic products according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel furnace in the fourth step comprises a heating section, a constant-speed drying section, a speed-reducing drying section and a balancing section in sequence from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein the length ratio of the heating section, the constant-speed drying section, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section is 1:2:2:1, and the preset temperature thresholds in the heating section, the constant-speed drying section, the speed-reducing drying section and the balancing section are respectively 70-100 ℃, 120-150 ℃, 100-120 ℃ and 70-80 ℃.
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