CN1148364A - 车辆传动装置 - Google Patents

车辆传动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1148364A
CN1148364A CN96190194A CN96190194A CN1148364A CN 1148364 A CN1148364 A CN 1148364A CN 96190194 A CN96190194 A CN 96190194A CN 96190194 A CN96190194 A CN 96190194A CN 1148364 A CN1148364 A CN 1148364A
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gear
ratio
driving device
electronic control
transmitting ratio
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CN96190194A
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CN1083355C (zh
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P·M·达奈尔
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Automotive Products PLC
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Automotive Products PLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/16—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/1819—Propulsion control with control means using analogue circuits, relays or mechanical links
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/066—Control of fluid pressure, e.g. using an accumulator
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    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/068—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure using signals from a manually actuated gearshift linkage
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0248—Control units where shifting is directly initiated by the driver, e.g. semi-automatic transmissions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/104—Clutch
    • F16D2500/10406—Clutch position
    • F16D2500/10412—Transmission line of a vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/108—Gear
    • F16D2500/1081—Actuation type
    • F16D2500/1083—Automated manual transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/306—Signal inputs from the engine
    • F16D2500/3067—Speed of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/308—Signal inputs from the transmission
    • F16D2500/30806—Engaged transmission ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/314—Signal inputs from the user
    • F16D2500/3146—Signal inputs from the user input from levers
    • F16D2500/31466—Gear lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/502—Relating the clutch
    • F16D2500/50203—Transition between manual and automatic control of the clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2500/50224—Drive-off
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    • F16D2500/50653—Gearing shifting without the interruption of drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/506—Relating the transmission
    • F16D2500/50676—Optimising drive-train operating point, e.g. selecting gear ratio giving maximum fuel economy, best performance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/508—Relating driving conditions
    • F16D2500/50858—Selecting a Mode of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/70—Details about the implementation of the control system
    • F16D2500/704—Output parameters from the control unit; Target parameters to be controlled
    • F16D2500/70402—Actuator parameters
    • F16D2500/7041—Position
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    • F16D2500/704—Output parameters from the control unit; Target parameters to be controlled
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    • F16D2500/70488—Selection of the gear ratio
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    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
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    • F16D2500/71—Actions
    • F16D2500/7105—Inhibit control automatically
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/16—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
    • F16H2061/161—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed by checking feasibility of shifts, i.e. determine if requested shift can be successfully completed and post shift values are in an acceptable range
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/16—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
    • F16H2061/166—Preventing or initiating shifts for preventing stall or overspeed of engine
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • F16H61/0213—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/46—Signals to a clutch outside the gearbox
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
    • Y10T74/19251—Control mechanism
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
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    • Y10T74/19219—Interchangeably locked
    • Y10T74/19251—Control mechanism
    • Y10T74/19256—Automatic
    • Y10T74/1926—Speed responsive

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆传动装置，它具有一主驱动离合器(14)，一多级传动比齿轮箱(12)，一用来挂靠齿轮箱传动比的档位挂靠机构(25)，和一可手动操作的档位选择器(24)，后者当传动装置以手动模式工作时使操作者可手动选择齿轮箱的传动比。还包括一电子控制装置(36)，它在相关车辆起动和制动时与档位变换期间控制驱动离合器的分离与啮合，并对应于档位选择器(24)的运动控制档位挂靠机构的操作。在手动操作模式时，如果出现一预定的工况，电子控制装置(36)可以改变由操作者选择的当时传动比而为当前工况选择一个更合适的传动比。传动装置还具有一自动控制模式，当传动装置以自动模式工作时，电子控制装置(36)确定选择哪一传动比。

Description

车辆传动装置
本发明涉及包括多级传动比齿轮箱的车辆传动装置，尤其是具有自动传动比选择模式的传动装置。
本发明的目的是提供一种车辆传动装置的改进形式。
因此根据本发明提供一车辆传动装置，它包括：一主驱动离合器，一多级传动比齿轮箱，一用来改变齿轮箱传动比的档位挂靠机构，一使得当传动装置以手动模式工作时允许操作者手动选择齿轮箱传动比的可手动操作的档位选择器，以及一电子控制装置，在起动和制动相关车辆时及在档位变换期间，该电子控制装置控制驱动离合器的分离和啮合，并且对应于档位选择器的运动控制档位挂靠机构的操作，该传动装置的特征在于，在手动模式时，如果一预定的工况出现，则电子控制装置可以改变由操作者选择的当时传动比而为当前工况选择一个更合适的传动比。
在一个优选的结构中，传动装置还具有一自动操作模式，并且当传动装置以自动模式工作时，该电子控制装置还决定选择哪一传动比。
通常，如果下面任何一个预定的工况出现，手动模式就会被改变：
1.如果发动机超过一预定速度，需升高传动比。
2.如果发动机速度低于一预定速度(例如1050rpm)，需降低传动比。电子控制装置可以这样设置，使得只有在如果选择低传动比产生的发动机速度仍然保持低于目前的极限(例如1050+300rpm)时，才发生传动比的降低。
传动装置最好也允许操作者改变由传动装置自动选择的传动比，如果他希望如此的话。
现在将只通过例子参考附图描述本发明，其中：
图1示意性地示出实施本发明的车辆传动装置的总体布置；
图2以流程图的形式示出用于手动变换特征中的判据；
图3示意性地示出离合器啮合控制信号的产生。
参照图1，所示为一带起动器和相联的起动器电路10a的发动机10，它通过一摩擦离合器14经一齿轮箱输入轴15与一五速平行轴类型的齿轮箱12相连接。在所述例子中，燃料通过一节流装置16供应到发动机，节流装置包括一由加速器踏板19控制的节流阀18。本发明同样适用于电子或机械燃油喷射的汽油或柴油发动机。
离合器14由一释放叉20致动，叉20由一从动液压缸22操作。
齿轮箱传动比的选择可手动或自动控制。
档位选择器杠杆24在具有由横向轨道53连接起来的两个翼向轨道51和52的闸门50中动作。当杠杆24在翼向轨道51中时，传动装置以手动模式工作，并且释放时杠杆24被偏压返回中央位置51a。杠杆24从中央位置51a向降低位置51b的每一运动选择齿轮箱的当前传动比减小一个比值，而向升高位置51c的每一运动选择升高一个比值。
杠杆24在翼向轨道51和52中的位置由一系列的传感器感知(例如围绕闸门布置的微型开关和光传感器)，这些传感器集中示于33，它们的输出信号Vs被输送给电子控制元件36。控制元件36接着发出信号给档位挂靠机构25，该机构例如包括液压顶杆和螺旋线圈控制阀，用来移动选择器元件啮合所需的传动比。一个合适的档位挂靠机构的例子在申请人早期的待审英国专利申请No.9502140.8中公开并请求保护。
闸门50的翼向轨道52具有四个位置：位置“P”，当以自动传动比选择模式工作而需要停车时杠杆24被置于此位置；位置“R”，选择反向时杠杆被置于此位置；位置“N”，选择中立时杠杆被置于此位置；位置“D”，当需要根据车辆的当前工作情况由控制元件36自动选择齿轮箱的向前驱动传动比时杠杆被置于此位置。
当处于“D”位置时，控制元件36确定哪一传动比最适合当前车辆的工作情况，并向档位挂靠机构25发出合适的传动比选择信号。
为了确定合适的传动比，控制元件36从若干车辆工作参数传感器接收信号，例如从发动机速度传感器26来的与发动机速度成比例的信号Ve。信号Vt是从与当前节流开口成比例的节流阀位置传感器30接收的，并且还提供加速器踏板位置传感器19a向控制单元36馈入加速器踏板位置传感器信号Va。在本***的一些特定实施例中也可以只提供传感器19a和30之一。在这种情况下最通常的是提供传感器19a。
控制元件36还从对应于当前啮合传动比的齿轮位置传感器32接收齿轮信号Vg；从从动液压缸位置传感器34接收信号Vc，它随着从动液压缸22的位置变化而不同；从实际上感测齿轮箱轴15的速度(它等于离合器14的驱动盘40的速度)的速度传感器42接收与离合器驱动盘速度成比例的信号Vdp。例如，还提供一可变磁阻类型的车辆速度传感器45，以便向控制元件36馈入一车辆速度信号Vv。在特定的实施例中驱动盘速度传感器42可以省去，驱动盘速度可以由控制元件36以车辆速度和当前啮合的传动比计算出。蜂鸣器50与控制元件36相联，用来在特定的车辆工况出现时发出警告或向车辆操作人员显示。除蜂鸣器50之外还可使用闪动的警示灯(未示出)，或以它取代蜂鸣器。
如上面所示，控制元件36还控制离合器14的啮合与分离。这通过由控制元件36在发生器c中产生一个代表所需发动机速度的参考信号Vr来完成。此参考信号在比较器A中与从发动机速度传感器26来的实际发动机速度信号Ve比较以产生一个误差信号E，信号E与从传感器34来的离合致动器位置信号Vc在比较器B中比较，以提供由控制元件36输出到液压控制装置38的离合啮合控制信号Vce。控制元件36的基本操作方式例如在申请人早期的欧洲专利0038113和0043660中有更详细的描述。
除了控制离合器14的啮合与分开之外，控制元件36还通过节流控制装置37控制节流装置的设定，这发生在当前控制装置37的控制逻辑显示需要通过驾驶人员操作加速器19改变节流开口设定值时。在一些实施例中可以省去节流控制装置37或通过改变发动机同步和/或燃料供应可以在档位变换期间减小扭矩(可以使用任何现有的电子发动机管理***)。
根据本发明，控制元件36包括图2示意示出的手动变换程序，如果出现一预定的工况，当传动装置处于手动传动比选择模式时，控制元件会把齿轮箱传动比的控制切换到自动模式，并自动选择一更适合于当前车辆工况的传动比。
从图2可以看到，如果下面任何一个预定的工况出现，就会发生手动变换：
1.如果超过一预定的发动机速度(例如6300rpm)，就需要升高传动比。
2.如果发动机速度低于一预定的水平(例如1050rpm)，就需要降低传动比，只要由较低的传动比选择引起的发动机速度升高仍保持低于一预先设定的极限(例如1050+300rpm)。此预先设定的极限用来防止发动机的制动和保证尽可能高的齿轮啮合。在本发明的某些实施例中，此预先设定的极限可以省去，从而不论什么水平的发动机速度都可以进行降低传动比。这种实施例的一个用途是保证发动机在紧急情况下的制动。
对上述情况1的测试在图2的方框X中进行，而对情况2的测试在图2的方框Y和2中进行。如果预先设定的发动机速度极限不要求，则可以省去方框2。
可以理解，如果操作人员希望改变当前由控制装置36选择的传动比(不管在通常的自动模式下操作还是在手动变换模式下操作)，他可以通过把杠杆24移到闸门50中的适当位置51b或51c来实现，此后，在对上述两情况再次检查前，此档被保持一定的时间。
虽然本发明是通过上述具有手动和自动两种操作模式的传动装置描述的，但应理解，在不具有自动模式的传动装置中本发明也可以实施，其中，传动比是通过操作者移动选择器杠杆24来选择的，从而使电子控制装置向齿轮啮合机构25发出要求的信号来挂靠所选档位。在这种结构中，电子控制装置设置为，如果上述预定工况出现，则改变当前由操作者选择的传动比。

Claims (8)

1.一车辆传动装置，它包括：一主驱动离合器(14)，一多级传动比齿轮箱(12)，一用来改变齿轮箱传动比的档位挂靠机构(25)，一使得当传动装置以手动模式工作时允许操作者手动选择齿轮箱传动比的可手动操作的档位选择器(24)，以及一电子控制装置(36)，在起动和制动相关车辆时及在档位变换期间，该电子控制装置控制驱动离合器的分离和啮合，并对应于档位选择器(24)的运动控制档位挂靠机构(25)的操作，该传动装置的特征在于：在手动模式时，如果一预定的工况出现，则电子控制装置(36)改变由操作者选择的当时传动比而为当前工况选择一个更合适的传动比。
2.如权利要求1所述的传动装置，其特征在于：还提供一种自动操作模式，并且当传动装置以自动模式工作时，该电子控制装置(36)还决定选择哪一传动比。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的传动装置，其特征在于：如果发动机超过一预定速度就发生档位变换，在此情况下由电子控制装置(36)升高传动比。
4.如权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的传动装置，其特征在于：如果发动机速度低于一预定水平就发生传动比变换，在此情况下由电子控制装置(36)降低传动比。
5.如权利要求4所述的传动装置，其特征在于：除非产生的发动机速度保持在该水平之下，否则就不降低传动比。
6.如权利要求2或依赖于权利要求2的权利要求3到5中任何一项所述的传动装置，其特征在于：当以自动模式工作时，操作者可手动改变由档位选择器(24)的运动选择的当前传动比。
7.如权利要求6所述的传动装置，其特征在于：当手动换档发生时，手动选择的换档档位由控制装置保持挂靠一定的时间，此后自动换档功能再次起作用。
8.一种车辆传动装置，基本上如前面参考附图所述和在附图中所示的那样构造和设置。
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CN102563035A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2012-07-11 富士重工业株式会社 自动变速器的变速控制装置
CN102563035B (zh) * 2010-12-08 2015-09-09 富士重工业株式会社 自动变速器的变速控制装置
CN102818012A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-12 福特全球技术公司 一种用于控制离合器啮合的方法和装置
CN102818012B (zh) * 2011-06-09 2016-03-09 福特全球技术公司 一种用于控制离合器啮合的方法和装置
CN107690540A (zh) * 2015-04-23 2018-02-13 伊顿公司 燃料经济增强型变速器手动/保持模式和低速模式
CN107690540B (zh) * 2015-04-23 2019-11-08 伊顿智能动力有限公司 燃料经济增强型变速器手动/保持模式和低速模式
US10955048B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2021-03-23 Eaton Corporation Fuel economy enhanced transmission manual/hold mode and low mode
CN110155029A (zh) * 2018-02-14 2019-08-23 本田技研工业株式会社 车辆的控制装置

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EP0759857A1 (en) 1997-03-05
GB9505174D0 (en) 1995-05-03
ES2179179T3 (es) 2003-01-16
KR100507730B1 (ko) 2005-10-19
US5819585A (en) 1998-10-13
DE69621988T2 (de) 2003-01-23
WO1996028317A1 (en) 1996-09-19
KR970702795A (ko) 1997-06-10
EP1150044A2 (en) 2001-10-31
CN1083355C (zh) 2002-04-24
BR9605930A (pt) 1997-09-02
JPH10500376A (ja) 1998-01-13
EP1150044A3 (en) 2002-01-02
DE69621988D1 (de) 2002-08-01
EP0759857B1 (en) 2002-06-26

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