CN114835117A - Production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as raw material - Google Patents
Production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114835117A CN114835117A CN202210424732.8A CN202210424732A CN114835117A CN 114835117 A CN114835117 A CN 114835117A CN 202210424732 A CN202210424732 A CN 202210424732A CN 114835117 A CN114835117 A CN 114835117A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
- C01B32/348—Metallic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/33—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from distillation residues of coal or petroleum; from petroleum acid sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing active carbon by taking petroleum coke as a raw material, which comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing granular or blocky petroleum coke with a sodium hydroxide activating agent, conveying the mixture to a powder making process, and grinding the mixture into powdery coke with the fineness of 180 meshes and the passing rate of 95%; then, conveying the powdery coke to an extrusion forming process by a screw, pressing the powdery coke into blocky particles, carrying out extrusion forming, and crushing the blocky particles into a granular forming material with 4 x 8 meshes; finally, conveying the granular molding material to a high-temperature water vapor activation process, and activating under the control of the process temperature of 800-1000 ℃; and (4) subjecting the activated wool to a crushing and screening process for granule finishing and packaging, and processing the raw materials into an activated carbon product. The method takes petroleum coke as a raw material to produce the activated carbon, can utilize the physical and chemical characteristics of the petroleum coke, does not add any adhesive in the forming process, directly carries out extrusion forming, and directly carries out high-temperature steam activation without carbonization and dry distillation after forming; the production and manufacturing cost of the activated carbon and the environmental protection pressure are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, and particularly relates to a production method for preparing activated carbon by using petroleum coke as a raw material.
Background
Petroleum coke is a byproduct in the oil refining process, is mainly used in the metallurgical industry at home at present, and cannot meet the requirement of burning coke in the metallurgical industry in the refining process of high-sulfur crude oil, so that a new application must be found for the high-sulfur petroleum coke. The fixed carbon content of the petroleum coke is high, the ash content is low, the petroleum coke is a high-quality raw material for preparing the active carbon, and the sulfur in the petroleum coke can play a role in pore forming in the process of preparing the active carbon. The activated carbon has developed micropores, high specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, is an excellent adsorption material, and is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, food and pharmacy, catalyst carriers, electrode materials and the like.
The domestic activated carbon industry is mainly concentrated in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other places, raw coal is used as a main raw material, part of nutshell, coconut shell and wood activated carbon is concentrated in Hebei, Hainan and other places, and the coal activated carbon accounts for more than 90% of the total domestic production energy. The coal-based activated carbon industry using raw coal as a main raw material belongs to a typical 'two-high one-low' industry, and has prominent energy consumption and environmental pollution.
The traditional production process of the coal granular activated carbon comprises the following steps: the main procedures of raw coal crushing, powder making, kneading and forming, carbonization, activation and the like have the following problems:
1) in order to improve the technical indexes of the forming yield, the strength and the like of the activated carbon product, a certain amount of coal pitch or coal tar is required to be added in the kneading and forming process, the market price of the pitch and the coal tar is basically kept about 3000 yuan/ton, 500 kg-900 kg of adhesive is required to be consumed for producing one ton of activated carbon, and the cost of the product per ton is increased by 1500-2700 yuan.
2) The formed coal-based active carbon molding material after kneading contains a large amount of volatile components (mainly generated due to the characteristics of raw coal and after adding an adhesive), therefore, carbonization and dry distillation are needed after molding to improve the strength of an active carbon product, a micro pore structure such as macropores and mesopores is preliminarily formed, the volatile component index of the active carbon is reduced (generally, no fire coal is controlled to be 8-10% in the production process, and a bituminous coal product is controlled to be 14-17%), the activation degree in the activation process is ensured, and the blocking of a product channel of a Silepu activation furnace is prevented. However, in the carbonization and carbonization process, natural gas is used as an external heat source (when each ton of carbonized material is produced, 100m of natural gas is consumed, and when the carbonized material is converted into an active carbon finished product, 200-300 m of natural gas is consumed), the energy consumption is huge; meanwhile, a large amount of yellow smoke (the main components are aromatic organic matters, oxynitride and sulfur) is generated in the process, the generated yellow smoke is subjected to desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal and reaches the standard after being incinerated by the incinerator at the tail of the incinerator, the total pollutant emission amount is high, the environment-friendly operation cost is increased invisibly, and the environment pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as a raw material, which mainly solves the problem of high cost of binders such as coal pitch and coal tar in the production process of the activated carbon; the problems of high energy consumption and high pollution of the coal-based activated carbon in the carbonization production process are solved; solves the problem of difficult disposal of the petroleum refining solid waste high-sulfur petroleum coke, and improves the added value of the product.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as a raw material comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing granular or blocky petroleum coke with a sodium hydroxide activating agent, conveying the mixture to a powder making process, and grinding the mixture into powdery coke with the fineness of 180 meshes and the passing rate of 95%; then, conveying the powdery coke to an extrusion molding process by a screw, pressing the powdery coke into block-shaped particles, carrying out extrusion molding, crushing the block-shaped particles into a 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material, and returning crushed undersize to the front end of the molding process for recycling; finally, conveying the 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material to a high-temperature water vapor activation process, and activating under the control of the process temperature of 800-1000 ℃; and (4) subjecting the activated wool to a crushing and screening process for granule finishing and packaging, and processing the raw materials into an activated carbon product.
The invention relates to a production process for preparing active carbon by using petroleum coke as a raw material, which can directly extrude and form the active carbon by using the petroleum coke as the raw material without adding any adhesive such as coal pitch, coal tar and the like in the process of powdering and forming. The petroleum coke is produced by anaerobic dry distillation of crude oil at the high temperature of 1300 ℃, has a certain pore structure, has moderate volatile content, can save the carbonization link in the conventional active carbon production process after the extrusion molding of the petroleum coke, can be directly activated by steam at high temperature after being crushed into a certain mesh number, produces active carbon products with developed specific surface area, and reduces the production and operation cost of the active carbon and the environmental pollution.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the active carbon produced by using petroleum coke as a raw material can replace raw coal, so that the aim of recycling solid waste in the petroleum refining process is fulfilled, and the carbon emission is reduced.
2. The self-adhesive property of the petroleum coke is utilized to realize that the addition of an adhesive (such as asphalt or coal tar) is cancelled in the molding process, and the high-strength broken activated carbon is manufactured;
3. the physical property of low volatile component of petroleum coke is utilized, high-temperature steam activation is directly carried out after raw material powder preparation and molding, the carbonization link in the conventional active carbon production process is cancelled, the product operation cost and the environmental pollution are reduced, and clean production with low cost and low energy consumption is realized.
4. The activated carbon produced by using petroleum coke as a raw material has the performance indexes of developed specific surface area, strong decolorizing capability, low ash content and high strength, and can replace coal-based activated carbon to be applied to the environmental protection industry.
The invention has reasonable design, uses the petroleum coke as the raw material to produce the active carbon, can utilize the physical and chemical characteristics of the petroleum coke, does not add any adhesive in the forming process, directly carries out extrusion forming, and directly carries out high-temperature steam activation without carbonization and dry distillation after forming; the process greatly reduces the production and manufacturing cost of the activated carbon and the environmental protection pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the production process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Preparing activated carbon with high adsorption performance by taking petroleum coke which is a byproduct in the petroleum refining process as a raw material; because the petroleum coke has high heat value, most of the petroleum coke is used as fuel at present, and meanwhile, the fixed carbon content of the petroleum coke reaches more than 85 percent, the volatile component is about 12 percent, the caking index is 2-3, and the material has the dual characteristics of anthracite and weakly caking coal and is a good material for producing active carbon.
A production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as a raw material comprises the following processing steps: the raw materials are processed into the active carbon product through the technical processes of proportioning, pulverizing, molding, crushing, activating, acid washing, neutralizing, drying, screening and the like. The method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing granular or blocky petroleum coke with a sodium hydroxide activating agent, conveying the mixture to a powder making process, and grinding the mixture into powdery coke with fineness of 180 meshes and passing rate of 95 percent, (wherein the sodium hydroxide is used as a surface activating agent, the addition ratio is controlled to be 10-30 percent of the weight of the petroleum coke, and the activation degree of the petroleum coke under the condition of high-temperature steam is improved); then, conveying the powdery coke to an extrusion molding process by a screw, pressing the powdery coke into block-shaped particles, carrying out extrusion molding, crushing the block-shaped particles into a 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material, and returning crushed undersize to the front end of the molding process for recycling; finally, conveying the 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material to a high-temperature water vapor activation process, and activating under the control of the process temperature of 800-1000 ℃, wherein the activation process can adopt equipment such as a horizontal rotary furnace, a Slapple activation furnace or a multi-section rake furnace and the like; and (4) subjecting the activated wool to a crushing and screening process for granule finishing and packaging, namely processing the raw materials into an activated carbon product.
The technical indexes of the powder preparation and forming process are as follows:
the indexes of the activation process in examples 1 to 3 are as follows:
the production process method of the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) at present, domestic activated carbon production mainly takes raw coal, shells, coconut shells and wood materials as main materials, wherein coal-based activated carbon accounts for more than 90% of the capacity of the activated carbon; the active carbon produced by using petroleum coke as a raw material can realize the aim of replacing raw coal with waste resources and realize the aim of recycling the waste resources.
(2) The self-adhesive property of the petroleum coke is utilized to realize that the addition of an adhesive (such as asphalt or coal tar) is cancelled in the molding process, and the high-strength broken activated carbon is manufactured.
(3) The physical property of low volatile component of petroleum coke is utilized, high-temperature steam activation is directly carried out after raw material powder preparation and molding, the carbonization link in the conventional active carbon production process is cancelled, the product operation cost and the environmental pollution are reduced, and clean production with low cost and low energy consumption is realized.
(4) The activated carbon produced by using petroleum coke as a raw material has the performance indexes of developed specific surface area, strong decolorizing capability, low ash content and high strength, and can replace coal-based activated carbon to be applied to the environmental protection industry.
(5) In the policy aspect, the active carbon produced by using petroleum coke as a raw material can replace raw coal, so that the aim of recycling solid waste in the petroleum refining process is fulfilled, the carbon emission is reduced, and the requirements of relevant national policy and regulations are met.
(6) In the aspect of economy, the invention can realize energy self-balance and carbon balance, does not need to add a binder required by the production of conventional activated carbon and a carbonization procedure link with the highest energy consumption, obviously reduces the energy consumption cost and has higher economic benefit.
(7) The active carbon is prepared by taking petroleum coke as a raw material, so that the resource and harmless treatment of waste resources can be realized, and the active carbon can be used as a novel environment-friendly material for environment-friendly treatment.
The method takes petroleum coke as a raw material to produce the activated carbon, can utilize the physical and chemical characteristics of the petroleum coke, does not add any adhesive in the forming process, directly carries out extrusion forming, and directly carries out high-temperature steam activation without carbonization and dry distillation after forming; the process greatly reduces the production and manufacturing cost of the activated carbon and the environmental protection pressure.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions of the present invention using the contents of the present specification and the drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing granular or blocky petroleum coke with a sodium hydroxide activating agent, conveying the mixture to a powder making process, and grinding the mixture into powdery coke with the fineness of 180 meshes and the passing rate of 95%; then, conveying the powdery coke to an extrusion molding process by a screw, pressing the powdery coke into block-shaped particles, carrying out extrusion molding, crushing the block-shaped particles into a 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material, and returning crushed undersize to the front end of the molding process for recycling; finally, conveying the 4 x 8-mesh granular molding material to a high-temperature water vapor activation process, and activating under the control of the process temperature of 800-1000 ℃; and (4) subjecting the activated wool to a crushing and screening process for granule finishing and packaging, and processing the raw materials into an activated carbon product.
2. The method for producing the activated carbon by using the petroleum coke as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the adding proportion of the sodium hydroxide is controlled to be 10-30% of the weight of the petroleum coke.
3. The method for producing the activated carbon by using the petroleum coke as the raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the activation procedure adopts a horizontal rotary furnace, a Silepu activation furnace or a multi-section rake furnace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210424732.8A CN114835117A (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2022-04-22 | Production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as raw material |
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| CN202210424732.8A CN114835117A (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2022-04-22 | Production method for preparing activated carbon by taking petroleum coke as raw material |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1837038A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2006-09-27 | 李广朝 | Process for preparing active carbon with superhigh specific surface area by using petroleum coke |
| WO2015119269A1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Production method for activated carbon, and activated carbon |
| US20160012980A1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-01-14 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Activated carbon for an electric double-layer capacitor electrode and manufacturing method for same |
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2022
- 2022-04-22 CN CN202210424732.8A patent/CN114835117A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1837038A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2006-09-27 | 李广朝 | Process for preparing active carbon with superhigh specific surface area by using petroleum coke |
| US20160012980A1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-01-14 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Activated carbon for an electric double-layer capacitor electrode and manufacturing method for same |
| WO2015119269A1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | コスモ石油株式会社 | Production method for activated carbon, and activated carbon |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 解强: "煤基活性炭定向制备: 原理·方法·应用", 煤炭科学技术, vol. 49, no. 1, pages 110 * |
| 解炜: "压块工艺条件下配煤对活性炭孔结构的调控作用", 煤炭科学技术, vol. 45, no. 2, pages 197 - 208 * |
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