CN114820969B - Three-dimensional geological model construction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A three-dimensional geological model construction method comprises the steps of obtaining historical geological feature data and drilling data in a preset area, and constructing a historical three-dimensional geological model, wherein the historical three-dimensional geological model comprises a ground surface simulation geological layer, a drilling simulation geological layer and an underground water simulation geological layer; correcting surface simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a surface simulation layer three-dimensional model; correcting the representation data of the drilling simulated geological layers in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a drilling simulated geological layer three-dimensional model; correcting the characterization data of the underground water simulated geological layer in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the underground water simulated geological layer; the three-dimensional geological model can be automatically created, the geological condition in the preset area can be modeled in a layering mode, the modeling speed is high, the precision is high, and real-time dynamic modification can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection, in particular to a three-dimensional geological model construction method.
Background
The concept of three-dimensional geological modeling was first proposed by canada in 1993. The three-dimensional geological modeling is a new technology for geological research by combining tools such as spatial information management, geological interpretation, spatial analysis and prediction, geostatistics, entity content analysis, graphic visualization and the like under a three-dimensional environment by using a computer technology, and actually integrates geological, well logging, geophysical data and various interpretation results or conceptual models to generate a three-dimensional quantitative random model. Strictly speaking, three-dimensional geological modeling has not been a very new technology, and geological modeling has been developed for decades abroad, and has been developed twenty years earlier since Earth Vision was introduced in china since the end of the last 80 th century.
The three-dimensional geological information model comprises geological geometric information, topological information and attribute information, which are obtained from mapping, exploration, field or indoor tests and the like. In three-dimensional geological applications, the most important and difficult task is to create a reasonable, accurate three-dimensional geological model.
In the prior art, the obtained three-dimensional geological model has a plurality of problems in terms of expression of unfavorable geology, geological structure and reliability and accuracy of the geological model, and the application of the three-dimensional geological model is stopped at the primary stage of visualization.
In geological information, exploration of underground water resources and modeling thereof are important research subjects. Groundwater is the main water supply source, and with each district's water consumption increase, and because groundwater resources are limited, if carry out the excess exploitation to groundwater will cause a series of environmental geology problems such as water resource exhaustion, ground subsidence. In addition, the underground water is not completely pure water, but is an aqueous solution containing a certain solute, and a medium or soil contains a large amount of solute, which can cause a series of water and soil environment problems such as water quality deterioration of the underground water, soil pollution, soil salinization and the like. Therefore, in geological exploration, effective monitoring of groundwater resources is important for human exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a three-dimensional geological model construction method which can automatically create a three-dimensional geological model, hierarchically model the geological condition in a preset region, and dynamically modify the model in real time with high modeling speed and high precision.
The invention provides a three-dimensional geological model construction method, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Acquiring historical geological feature data and drilling data in a preset area, and constructing a historical three-dimensional geological model, wherein the historical three-dimensional geological model comprises a ground surface simulated geological layer, a drilling simulated geological layer and an underground water simulated geological layer;
(2) Acquiring a remote sensing image in a preset area by using a remote sensing mode, preprocessing and deeply processing the remote sensing image, and acquiring geological surface layer data represented by the remote sensing image; inputting geological surface layer data of a geological surface layer into a historical three-dimensional geological model, correcting surface simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a surface simulation layer three-dimensional model;
(3) Exploring the drilling hole layering data in a preset area, and respectively acquiring corresponding stratum boundary baselines aiming at a plurality of layering interfaces of a drilling hole geological layer; obtaining drilling geological layer data through automatic structure, correcting drilling simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a drilling simulation geological layer three-dimensional model;
(4) Drawing an underground water temperature scene graph by using all corrected water temperature data on a preset sonar sound field track path; generating an underground water flow scene graph of the target area based on the water level data and the water flow rate data; integrating the underground water temperature scene graph and the underground water flow scene graph, correcting underground water simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing an underground water simulation geological layer three-dimensional model;
(5) And respectively splicing and fusing the obtained surface simulation layer three-dimensional model, the drilling simulation geological layer three-dimensional model and the underground water simulation geological layer three-dimensional model to construct a three-dimensional geological model.
The parameters required for establishing the three-dimensional geological model in the step (1) comprise geological layer distribution condition, layer thickness, hydrological data and physical parameters.
Wherein, the historical geologic feature data and the borehole data in step (1) are previous data, and are historical data obtained by history-based acquisition and simulation.
And (3) acquiring geological surface layer data, wherein the geological surface layer data in the step (2) is point cloud data and depth data of a geological surface layer.
And (3) the stratum boundary base line in the step (3) is a base line corresponding to each layered interface, and different stratum layers can be segmented.
Wherein the step (4) specifically comprises:
(4.1) detecting water level, flow rate and image data by using a monitoring device arranged at a position in a drilled hole, determining a target in water by using a sonar system arranged in the monitoring device, determining relative position data among the monitoring devices, correcting the determined hole depth and drilling empty position and correcting other monitoring data acquired by the monitoring device;
(4.2) establishing a relative coordinate system in which the position coordinates of the drill holes are arranged; setting a preset sonar sound field track path, establishing a standard model based on a relative coordinate system, simulating that a plurality of sonar systems emit sound waves in sequence at a preset angle according to the preset sonar sound field track path under a standard environment, receiving the sound waves by the sonar systems adjacent to the sonar sound field track path, acquiring sound wave speed under the standard environment, obtaining corresponding water temperature data by using the sound wave speed, and establishing a standard database;
(4.3) sequentially emitting sound waves at a preset angle according to a preset sonar sound field track path by utilizing a sonar system arranged by a plurality of monitoring devices, receiving the sound waves by a sonar system adjacent to the sonar sound field track path to obtain an actual sound wave speed, and acquiring corresponding water temperature data; modifying the acquired water temperature data by using data in a standard database, and drawing an underground water temperature scene graph by using all corrected water temperature data on a preset sonar sound field track path;
(4.4) after the water level data and the water flow rate data of the drilled hole are obtained, generating an underground water flow scene graph of the target area based on the water level data and the water flow rate data;
and (4.5) integrating the underground water temperature scene graph and the underground water flow scene graph by taking the relative coordinate system as a standard, correcting the characterization data of the underground water simulated geological layer in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing the three-dimensional model of the underground water simulated geological layer.
Wherein in step (4.2) the drill hole position is represented graphically in the relative coordinate system and the drill hole position is marked in the relative coordinate system in the form of drill hole coordinates.
Wherein, predetermined sonar sound field orbit route is set up in advance according to the distribution of drilling.
Based on the characteristics of a sonar system, the sonar sound field trajectory paths are determined in sequence from near to far, and the preset sound wave angle range is controlled within 2 degrees.
Wherein, select some sonar system among a plurality of sonar system at random earlier, then connect gradually the position of the sonar system of selecting according to order from near to far-off and constitute predetermined sonar sound field orbit route, predetermine the angle range control in 1.5.
The three-dimensional geological model construction method can realize the following steps: the method has the advantages that the three-dimensional geological model is automatically created, the geological condition in the preset area is modeled in a layering mode, the modeling speed is high, the accuracy is high, and real-time dynamic modification can be realized; the effective preset angle control is combined with the random selection mode, so that the data accuracy is obviously improved; the relation between the speed and the temperature is used for modeling and measuring, so that the measured data are more accurate.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of building a three-dimensional geological model.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, the following examples of which are intended to be illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a three-dimensional geological model construction method, and fig. 1 is a flow chart of the three-dimensional geological model construction method, and the specific process is as shown in fig. 1, and comprises a plurality of steps which are sequentially performed, and the specific description is provided below.
Obtaining historical geological characteristic data and drilling data in a preset area, and constructing a historical three-dimensional geological model which comprises a ground surface simulated geological layer, a drilling simulated geological layer and an underground water simulated geological layer. The parameters required for establishing the historical three-dimensional geological model mainly comprise geological layer distribution conditions, layer thicknesses, hydrological data, physical parameters and the like. It should be noted that the historical geologic feature data and the borehole data are previous data, and the historical data acquired based on historical acquisition and simulation needs to be further measured and modeled in the process of changing geologic parameters.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a remote sensing image in a preset area in a remote sensing mode, preprocessing and deeply processing the remote sensing image, and obtaining geological surface layer data represented by the remote sensing image, wherein the geological surface layer data specifically comprise point cloud data and depth data of a geological surface layer. And inputting the point cloud data and the depth data of the geological surface layer into the historical three-dimensional geological model, correcting the surface simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a surface simulation layer three-dimensional model.
The method comprises the steps of exploring drilling hole layering data in a preset area, and aiming at a plurality of layering interfaces of a drilling hole geological layer, respectively obtaining corresponding stratum demarcation baselines, wherein the stratum demarcation baselines are baselines corresponding to all the layering interfaces, and can be used for segmenting different geological layers, obtaining drilling hole geological layer data through automatic structure, correcting drilling hole simulated geological layer representation data in a historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a drilling hole simulated geological layer three-dimensional model.
To groundwater simulation geological formation, when utilizing the monitoring devices that position department set up in the drilling to water level, velocity of flow and image data detect, monitoring devices sets up the target that the sonar system is used for surveing the aquatic, still utilizes the propagation principle of sound simultaneously, carries out the survey of water resource parameter. Specifically, the sonar system can be used for determining relative position data between the monitoring devices besides monitoring underwater objects, so that the determined hole depth, the drilling position and other hole data can be determined by the relative position data, and other monitoring data acquired by the monitoring devices can be corrected. In the prior art, a temperature sensor is usually required to measure the water temperature, and the measured value is taken as required temperature data.
Specifically, a relative coordinate system with drill hole position coordinates arranged in a preset area is established, the drill hole position is represented in a graph form in the relative coordinate system, and the drill hole position is marked in the relative coordinate system in a drill hole coordinate form.
Set up predetermined sonar sound field orbit route, establish standard model based on relative coordinate system, the simulation is under standard environment, and a plurality of sonar system are according to predetermined sonar sound field orbit route to sound wave is launched in proper order to predetermined angle, and receives at the sonar system of the neighborhood of sonar sound field orbit route, thereby obtains sound wave velocity under the standard environment, utilizes sound wave velocity to obtain corresponding temperature data, establishes standard database. The preset sonar sound field track path is set in advance according to the distribution condition of the drilled holes, and the same preset sonar sound field track path is also selected in subsequent actual measurement. In a preferred mode, based on the characteristics of the sonar system, the sonar sound field trajectory path can be sequentially performed from near to far, and the preset angle range is less than 2 °. In addition, in a more preferred mode, when determining a preset sonar sound field track path, part of sonar systems in a plurality of sonar systems can be selected at random, then the positions of the selected sonar systems are sequentially connected according to a sequence from near to far to form the preset sonar sound field track path, the preset angle range is controlled to be 1.5 degrees, and multiple simulation experiments show that the data deviation caused by part of adverse factors is overcome due to the fact that the randomness is increased in the setting mode, and the effective preset angle control is combined with the random selection mode, so that the data accuracy is obviously improved.
After the standard model and the standard database are established, the measurement can be actually carried out. Utilize the sonar system that a plurality of monitoring devices set up, according to preset sonar sound field orbit route to sound wave is launched in proper order to predetermined angle, and receives at the sonar system of the neighbouring of sonar sound field orbit route, just so can obtain the time of sending the sound wave to receiving the sound wave, utilizes the relative distance between two sonar systems just can obtain actual sound wave speed. And acquiring corresponding water temperature data by using the actual sound wave speed. And then, correcting the acquired water temperature data by using the data in the standard database, and finally drawing an underground water temperature scene graph by using all corrected water temperature data on a preset sonar sound field track path. And after the water level data and the water flow rate data of the drilled hole are obtained, an underground water flow scene graph of the target area is generated based on the water level data and the water flow rate data. And finally, integrating the underground water temperature scene graph and the underground water flow scene graph by taking the relative coordinate system as a standard, correcting the characterization data of the underground water simulated geological layer in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing the three-dimensional model of the underground water simulated geological layer.
And respectively obtaining a three-dimensional model of a surface simulation layer, drilling a simulated geological layer three-dimensional model and a simulated geological layer three-dimensional model of underground water, splicing and fusing the models, and constructing the three-dimensional geological model.
Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions and the like can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims, and that various steps in the various departments and methods of the claimed product can be combined together in any combination. Therefore, the description of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but to describe the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, but is defined by the claims or their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A three-dimensional geological model construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Acquiring historical geological feature data and drilling data in a preset area, and constructing a historical three-dimensional geological model, wherein the historical three-dimensional geological model comprises a ground surface simulated geological layer, a drilling simulated geological layer and an underground water simulated geological layer;
(2) Acquiring a remote sensing image in a preset area by using a remote sensing mode, and preprocessing and deeply processing the remote sensing image to acquire geological surface layer data represented by the remote sensing image; inputting geological surface layer data of a geological surface layer into a historical three-dimensional geological model, correcting surface simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a surface simulation layer three-dimensional model;
(3) Exploring the drilling hole layering data in a preset area, and respectively acquiring corresponding stratum boundary baselines aiming at a plurality of layering interfaces of a drilling hole geological layer; obtaining drilling geological layer data through automatic structure, correcting drilling simulation geological layer representation data in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a drilling simulation geological layer three-dimensional model;
(4) Drawing an underground water temperature scene graph by using all corrected water temperature data on a preset sonar sound field track path; generating an underground water flow scene graph of the target area based on the water level data and the water flow rate data; integrating the underground water temperature scene graph and the underground water flow scene graph, correcting the characterization data of the underground water simulated geological layer in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing an underground water simulated geological layer three-dimensional model, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(4.1) detecting water level, flow rate and image data by using a monitoring device arranged at a position in a drilled hole, determining a target in water by using a sonar system arranged in the monitoring device, determining relative position data among the monitoring devices, correcting the determined hole depth and drilling empty position and correcting other monitoring data acquired by the monitoring device;
(4.2) establishing a relative coordinate system in which the position coordinates of the drill holes are arranged; setting a preset sonar sound field track path, establishing a standard model based on a relative coordinate system, simulating that a plurality of sonar systems emit sound waves in sequence at a preset angle according to the preset sonar sound field track path under a standard environment, receiving the sound waves by the sonar systems adjacent to the sonar sound field track path, acquiring sound wave speed under the standard environment, obtaining corresponding water temperature data by using the sound wave speed, and establishing a standard database;
(4.3) sequentially emitting sound waves at a preset angle by utilizing a sonar system arranged by a plurality of monitoring devices according to a preset sonar sound field track path, and receiving the sound waves by the sonar system adjacent to the sonar sound field track path to obtain an actual sound wave speed and acquire corresponding water temperature data; modifying the acquired water temperature data by using data in a standard database, and drawing an underground water temperature scene graph by using all corrected water temperature data on a preset sonar sound field track path;
(4.4) after the water level data and the water flow rate data of the drilled hole are obtained, generating an underground water flow scene graph of the target area based on the water level data and the water flow rate data;
(4.5) integrating the underground water temperature scene graph and the underground water flow scene graph by taking the relative coordinate system as a standard, correcting the characterization data of the underground water simulated geological layer in the historical three-dimensional geological model, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the underground water simulated geological layer;
(5) And respectively splicing and fusing the obtained surface simulation layer three-dimensional model, the drilling simulation geological layer three-dimensional model and the underground water simulation geological layer three-dimensional model to construct a three-dimensional geological model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the parameters required for establishing the three-dimensional geological model in the step (1) comprise geological layer distribution condition, layer thickness, hydrological data and physical parameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the historical geologic feature data and the borehole data in step (1) are previous data, and are historical data obtained by history-based acquisition and simulation.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: and (3) in the step (2), the geological surface layer data are point cloud data and depth data of the geological surface layer.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the stratum demarcation baseline in the step (3) is a baseline corresponding to each layered interface, and different geological layers can be segmented.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step (4.2), the drill hole position is represented in a relative coordinate system in a form of a diagram, and the drill hole position is marked in the relative coordinate system in a form of a drill hole coordinate.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the preset path of the sonar sound field track is preset according to the distribution condition of the drill holes.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: based on the characteristics of a sonar system, the sonar sound field trajectory paths are determined in sequence from near to far, and the preset sound wave angle range is controlled within 2 degrees.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: firstly, randomly selecting partial sonar systems in a plurality of sonar systems, then sequentially connecting the positions of the selected sonar systems according to the sequence from near to far to form a preset sonar sound field track path, and controlling the preset angle range within 1.5 degrees.
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