CN114808849B - Water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope body reinforcing apparatus - Google Patents
Water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope body reinforcing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808849B CN114808849B CN202210319896.4A CN202210319896A CN114808849B CN 114808849 B CN114808849 B CN 114808849B CN 202210319896 A CN202210319896 A CN 202210319896A CN 114808849 B CN114808849 B CN 114808849B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 53
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and discloses a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device. According to the application, the protection piece is used for blocking and relieving the impact corrosion of the fixing cage near the water surface, so that the damage of the fixing cage near the water surface and plants planted in the fixing cage is reduced, the service life of the area with the greatest impact and corrosion degree under the action of turbulence runoffs on the water surface and under water is prolonged, the frequency of maintenance is reduced, the overall service life of the slope reinforcement device is prolonged, and the protection piece can be lifted along the sliding track along with the change of the horizontal plane, so that the protection of the maximum impact area near the dynamically changed horizontal plane is ensured, and the service life of the slope reinforcement device is further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device.
Background
Hydraulic engineering is a generic term for various engineering constructions constructed for controlling, utilizing and protecting water resources and environments on the earth surface and underground, and is a project constructed for eliminating water damage and developing and utilizing water resources, which is classified into flood control engineering, farmland hydraulic engineering, hydroelectric power engineering, waterway and harbor engineering, water supply and drainage engineering, environmental hydraulic engineering, coastal reclamation engineering, etc. according to its service objects.
The slopes on two sides of the water channel of the hydraulic engineering are required to be reinforced so as to prevent water and soil loss of the slopes caused by water flow impact, one of common ways of reinforcing the slopes is to completely solidify the slopes in a cement, concrete and other reinforcing ways, so that the loss of the slopes is prevented, the service life of the slopes is prolonged, but the ecological environment of the water channel is damaged in a completely solidified way, and the requirements of green development are not met; the second common way of reinforcing the ramp is to fix the slope protection net and the slope body soil (stone) under the slope protection net by fixing nails or the like through the metal slope protection net, but the reinforcing way has the problems of easy corrosion, unstable reinforcement after a period of time and easy failure.
The slope reinforcement device in the prior art is difficult to effectively prolong the service life of the slope reinforcement device on the premise of not damaging the environment.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope reinforcement device which has the advantages of environmental friendliness, long service life and the like, and solves the problem that the service life of the slope reinforcement device is difficult to effectively prolong on the premise of not damaging the environment.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem that the service life of the slope reinforcement device is prolonged effectively on the premise that the environment is not damaged, the application provides the following technical scheme: the water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope reinforcement device is divided into a side bank section, a transition section and a deep water section in sequence from far to near according to the distance from the water bottom; the side bank section, the transition section and the deepwater section all comprise a plurality of fixing cages, and each fixing cage is fixed with the slope body; the sizes of the fixing cages of all the sections are the same, the mesh holes of the fixing cages of all the sections are sequentially reduced, and plants with different water adaptability are planted in the fixing cages of all the sections respectively; in the transition section and the deepwater section, a plurality of adjacent fixing cages form a fixing cage group along the direction of water flow; a sliding double track is arranged between every two fixed cage groups, and the two ends of all the fixed cage groups are also respectively provided with the sliding double tracks, wherein each sliding double track comprises two sliding tracks; a protective piece is erected above each fixed cage group and is in sliding fit with the sliding rails on two sides of the corresponding fixed cage group; one surface of the protective piece is provided with a plurality of air bags, and the air bags generate buoyancy in water, so that the protective piece moves under the action of the buoyancy of the water and under the limitation of the corresponding sliding track; the guard is capable of being suspended in a horizontal plane, and the guard is used for reducing impact and corrosion of water flow on the fixing cage near the horizontal plane and plants planted in the fixing cage.
Preferably, the guard comprises a light-transmitting plate and a bracket; the support bottom is provided with a plurality of pulleys, the pulleys are respectively embedded into the corresponding sliding track, the pulleys slide in the corresponding sliding track, and the protection piece can be limited by the sliding track and is moved by buoyancy of water.
Preferably, the light-transmitting plate is provided with a plurality of solar panels and a plurality of light-transmitting holes at intervals; the light holes are used for transmitting light rays, and sunlight is provided for plants planted in the fixing cage shielded by the light-transmitting plate through the light holes; the protection piece is further provided with a storage battery, a water pump and a water lifting pipe, the storage battery is used for storing electric energy converted by the solar cell panel, the storage battery supplies power to the water pump after the electric quantity of the storage battery is stored to a set value, and the water pump pumps water to irrigate plants planted in the fixed cage above the light-transmitting plate through the water lifting pipe.
Preferably, a buffer component is further arranged on one side, far away from the slope body, of the light-transmitting plate, and the buffer component comprises a protection pad and a plurality of buffer columns; when the protection pad is impacted, the impact force is absorbed through the buffer columns, and the impact force is prevented from impacting the light-transmitting plate.
Preferably, the inside of the fixing cages are filled with degradable gel, the degradable gel is limited inside the fixing cages, and the diameter of the degradable gel is larger than the mesh diameter of the fixing cages; the gaps between the degradable gels are used for providing root growth spaces for plants, and the degradable gels are used for fixing the plants to grow in the fixing cages.
Preferably, a plurality of connecting mechanisms are arranged on one side, close to the slope body, of the fixing cage, and each connecting mechanism comprises a mounting ring and a spring pin; the fixing cage is fixed between the slope body through a plurality of fixing pieces, the fixing pieces penetrate through the mounting ring, and after the fixing pieces are mounted in place, the fixing pieces are locked by the spring pins.
Preferably, the fixing member includes a locking head, a connecting rod and an anchor member; the locking head is provided with a pin hole, the pin hole is matched with the spring pin, and the spring pin stretches into the pin hole and can fix the fixing piece with the fixing cage.
Preferably, the connecting rod is of a hollow structure, and the anchoring piece comprises a plurality of ejector plates, a central screw rod and an ejector ring; the center screw rod penetrates through the center of the locking head, the center screw rod is in threaded fit with the ejection ring, and the ejection ring can move along the axial direction of the center screw rod when the center screw rod rotates; the top ends of the ejector plates are rotationally connected with the connecting rods, and when the ejector rings gradually move towards the connecting rod, the ejector plates are under the action of the ejector rings, and the bottom ends of the ejector plates are gradually opened.
Preferably, the division of the side shore section, the transition section and the deep water section is related to the average water level H of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the highest water level M of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year; the depth range of the transition section is (H+1) M- (M+1) M; the depth range of the deep water section is (L-1) m- (H+1) m; the depth range of the side bank section is (M+1) M-side bank.
Preferably, buffer platforms are arranged between the side bank section and the transition section and between the transition section and the deep water section, and the buffer platforms are used for isolating the side bank section, the transition section and the deep water section; the buffer platform is also used for arranging the side bank sections, the transition sections and the deep water sections in a step-shaped manner.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the application provides a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. this kind of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope body reinforcing apparatus under the effect of the slip track that this protector corresponds for the protector can be floated at the surface of water by the buoyancy that a plurality of gasbags produced, and when the water level changes, the protector can be along slip track slip all the time near the surface of water, and because the hydrologic environment of different hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering is different, the distance that the protector sunk into under the surface of water also is different, thereby the guarantee protector can suspend at the surface of water, and guarantee that the protector has a part can be located the horizontal plane top, in order to carry out the function of protector.
2. This kind of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcing apparatus prevents through the blocking of protector that the turbulence runoff of surface of water and water from being to the nearby impact of surface of water to the fixed cage near the slow down the surface of water receives the impact corrosion, and then reduce the fixed cage near the surface of water and the damage of the plant of planting in it, improve the life in this area that is impacted under the effect of the turbulence runoff of surface of water and water, the degree of corrosion is biggest, reduce the frequency that needs to maintain, improve this kind of slope reinforcing apparatus's whole life, and because the protector can be along the slip track with the change of horizontal plane goes up and down, improve the protection to the biggest impact zone near the horizontal plane of dynamic change, and then ensure this kind of slope reinforcing apparatus's life.
3. This kind of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope body reinforcing apparatus, the aperture of the fixed cage that corresponds of coast section, changeover portion and deep water section is different, and wherein the plant of planting is also different to fully guarantee the water resistance of plant and can satisfy the different degree of depth of coast section, changeover portion and deep water section, improve the survival rate of the plant of planting wherein, and then through the developed root system of plant normal growth, improve this kind of slope body reinforcing apparatus's reinforcement effect.
4. According to the water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope reinforcement device, solar energy is collected through the solar cell panel, the collected solar energy is fed into the storage battery for storage, when the storage electric quantity of the storage battery reaches a certain percentage of the total storage capacity, the storage battery supplies power to the water pump, the water pump pumps water to irrigate plants planted in the fixed cage above the light-transmitting plate through the water raising pipe so as to ensure the required moisture of the plants planted in the fixed cage above the light-transmitting plate, and because the solar cell panel is limited by sunlight, under different weather conditions, the water loss rate of the side slope and the charging efficiency of the solar energy are positively correlated, irrigation is carried out after the storage quantity of the storage battery reaches a set value, the water demand of the plants is matched with the irrigation time, the survival condition of the plants planted in the fixed cage above the light-transmitting plate is ensured, and the survival rate of the plants planted in the fixed cage above the light-transmitting plate is improved; through the effect of light trap, fully guarantee the illumination demand of the plant of planting in the fixed cage that the light-transmitting plate sheltered from, guarantee the survival rate of the plant of planting in the fixed cage that is located the light-transmitting plate top, improve this kind of slope reinforcing apparatus's reinforcement effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a guard according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 5 is a second perspective view of the protective member of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the cage and fastener of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of portion C of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fastener of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an actual installation of the present application.
In the figure: 1. a side land section; 2. a transition section; 3. a deep water section; 4. a fixing cage; 41. a connecting mechanism; 411. a mounting ring; 412. a spring pin; 5. sliding the double tracks; 51. a sliding rail; 6. a guard; 61. a light-transmitting plate; 611. a solar cell panel; 612. a light hole; 62. a bracket; 621. A pulley; 63. a storage battery; 64. a water pump; 65. a water lifting pipe; 66. a buffer assembly; 661. a protective pad; 662. a buffer column; 67. an air bag; 7. a fixing member; 71. a locking head; 711. a pin hole; 72. A connecting rod; 73. an anchor; 731. an ejector plate; 732. a heavy screw; 733. and an ejector ring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
As described in the background art, the application provides a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device for solving the technical problems.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device is divided into a side bank section 1, a transition section 2 and a deep water section 3 in sequence from far to near according to the distance from the water bottom; the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 all comprise a plurality of fixing cages 4, and each fixing cage 4 is fixed with the slope body; the sizes of the fixing cages 4 of each section are the same, the meshes of the fixing cages 4 of each section are sequentially reduced, and plants with different water adaptability are planted in the fixing cages 4 of each section respectively; in the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3, a plurality of adjacent fixing cages 4 form a fixing cage group along the flow direction of water flow; a sliding double rail 5 is arranged between every two fixed cage groups, and the two ends of all the fixed cage groups are also respectively provided with the sliding double rail 5, wherein each sliding double rail 5 comprises two sliding rails 51; the protection pieces 6 are erected above the fixed cage groups, and the protection pieces 6 are in sliding fit with the sliding rails 51 on the two sides of the corresponding fixed cage groups; one surface of the protection piece 6 is provided with a plurality of air bags 67, and the air bags 67 generate buoyancy in water, so that the protection piece 6 moves under the action of the buoyancy of the water and under the limitation of the corresponding sliding rail 51; the guard 6 can be suspended in a horizontal plane, the guard 6 serving to cut down the impact and erosion of the water flow on the fixing cage 4 near the horizontal plane and on the plants grown in the fixing cage 4.
Before reinforcing a slope body, the device needs to survey the actual water level and the like of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering at the installation position to obtain the average water level, the historical highest water level and the historical lowest water level of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, judging the depth of the slope to be reinforced (the depth refers to the depth from a bank of the hydraulic engineering to the respective positions) and the depth range corresponding to the bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 of the slope fixing device according to the water level information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, so that a proper number of fixing cages 4 are respectively installed at the bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 (wherein the fixing cages 4 have various different specifications, not only have different length and width heights, but also have different mesh pore sizes), and the fixing cages 4 are installed in a grouping mode, and the apertures of the corresponding fixing cages 4 of the bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are different, so that the water resistance of plants can be fully ensured to meet the different depths of the bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3, the survival rate of the plants can be improved, and the normal root system reinforcing effect of the plant is improved through the device;
a sliding rail 5 is arranged between every two fixed cage groups, and a protecting piece 6 is erected above the fixed cage groups, and generates buoyancy through a plurality of air bags 67. Wherein, the air bag 67 is configured to be capable of being inflated and deflated in the present embodiment, so as to be capable of adjusting the buoyancy provided by the air bag 67, so as to be capable of inflating different amounts of air into the air bag 67 according to different hydrologic environments, so that the middle part of the whole protection piece 6 is controlled near the water surface through the adjustment of the size of the air bag 67, and the protection piece 6 provides the best use effect. Since the air bag 67 can be raised or lowered to some extent on the water surface, the buoyancy generated by the air bag 67 can be adjusted within the allowable range of the air bag 67. Therefore, in the adjusting range of the air bags 67, under the different hydrologic environment conditions of different hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, the whole protecting piece 6 can always suspend near the water surface along with the sliding rail 51 by the difference of the depth of the air bags 67 in the water, and when the water level changes, the protecting piece 6 can always suspend near the water surface due to the action of a plurality of air bags 67, and the protecting piece 6 can be positioned above the water surface by the setting positions of a plurality of air bags 67, so that the protecting piece 6 can be provided with the function of executing the protecting piece 6, the impact of the turbulence runoffs on the water surface and the water surface is prevented by the blocking of the protecting piece 6, the impact corrosion of the fixed cage 4 near the water surface and the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 near the water surface are slowed down, the damage of the fixed cage 4 near the water surface and the plants planted in the fixed cage is further reduced, the service life of the area (the maximum impact area) with the impact and the maximum corrosion degree under the action of the turbulence runoffs on the water surface and the water is improved, the frequency required to be maintained is reduced, and the whole service life of the slope strengthening device is prolonged. And because the protection piece 6 can be lifted along the sliding track 51 along with the change of the horizontal plane, the protection of the maximum impact area near the dynamically changed horizontal plane is improved, and the service life of the slope reinforcement device is further ensured.
Further, referring to fig. 3-5, the guard 6 includes a light-transmitting plate 61 and a bracket 62; the bottom end of the bracket 62 is provided with a plurality of pulleys 621, the pulleys 621 are respectively embedded into the corresponding sliding rails 51, the pulleys 621 slide in the corresponding sliding rails 51, and the protection piece 6 can move under the limitation of the sliding rails 51 under the buoyancy of water.
The light-transmitting plate 61 is provided with a plurality of solar cell panels 611 and a plurality of light-transmitting holes 612 at intervals; the light holes 612 are used for transmitting light, and sunlight is provided for plants planted in the fixing cage 4 shielded by the light-transmitting plate 61 through the light holes 612; the protection piece 6 is further provided with a storage battery 63, a water pump 64 and a water lifting pipe 65, the storage battery 63 is used for storing electric energy converted by the solar cell panel 611, after the electric energy of the storage battery 63 is stored to a set value, the water pump 64 supplies power, the water pump 64 pumps water through the water lifting pipe 65 to irrigate plants planted in the fixing cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61, wherein the solar cell panel 611 is embedded on the surface of the light-transmitting plate 61, the solar cell panel 611 is provided with a transparent protection plate, connecting lines between the solar cell panel 611 and the storage battery 63 are embedded inside the light-transmitting plate 61, the connecting lines between the storage battery 63 and the water pump 64 are also embedded inside the light-transmitting plate 61, and the connecting lines of the circuits are provided with waterproof measures, and after the storage battery 63 and the water pump 64 are installed, sealing structures (the storage battery 63 is needed to be displayed in a fixing box of the storage battery 63 in fig. 5, a cover plate is not shown), and water cannot enter the connecting lines of the solar cell panel 611, the storage battery 63 and the water pump 64, and the phenomenon of electric leakage cannot occur.
A buffer assembly 66 is further arranged on one side of the light-transmitting plate 61 away from the slope body, and the buffer assembly 66 comprises a protective pad 661 and a plurality of buffer columns 662; when the protective pad 661 is impacted, the impact force is absorbed by the buffer posts 662, and the impact force is prevented from impacting the light-transmitting plate 61.
So that solar energy is collected through the solar cell panel 611 and is sent into the storage battery 63 for storage, when the storage electric quantity of the storage battery 63 reaches 70% of the total storage capacity, the storage battery 63 supplies power to the water pump 64, the water pump 64 pumps water through the water pumping pipe 65 to irrigate plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 so as to ensure the required moisture of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61, and because the solar cell panel 611 is limited by sunlight, the water loss rate of the side slope and the charging efficiency of the solar energy are positively correlated under different weather conditions, the water demand of the plants can be matched with the irrigation time after the storage quantity of the storage battery 63 reaches a set value, the survival condition of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 is ensured, and the survival rate of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 is improved;
and through the effect of the light holes 612, the illumination requirement of plants planted in the fixed cage 4 shielded by the light-transmitting plate 61 is fully ensured, the survival rate of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 is ensured, and the reinforcement effect of the slope reinforcement device is improved;
and through the effect of the buffer assembly 66, when large objects such as ships are close to the protection piece 6 and impact is generated on the protection piece 6, the impact force is absorbed through the dry buffer column 662 of the buffer assembly 66, the impact force is prevented from impacting the light-transmitting plate 61, and the impact resistance of the protection piece 6 is improved, wherein the buffer assembly 66 can be an element which is formed by a spring and a telescopic rod and is used for buffering by utilizing the expansion and contraction of the spring, or can be an element which is formed by a sponge and a telescopic rod with a partial opening and is positioned under water, when the impact is generated, the water in the sponge is discharged from the partial opening of the telescopic rod, the impact is provided by the effect of water pressure, and after the impact is ended, the sponge absorbs water again so as to meet the next impact.
Further, the inside of the fixing cage 4 is filled with degradable gel, the degradable gel is limited in the inside of the fixing cage 4, and the diameter of the degradable gel is larger than the mesh diameter of the fixing cage 4; the gaps between the degradable gels are used for providing root growth spaces of plants, the degradable gels are used for fixing the plants to grow in the fixing cage 4, the degradation period of the degradable gels is 3-5 years, the generation spaces of soil and the like are continuously provided through continuous degradation for a long time, and after the plant root system grows gradually, the plant root system is used as a main element for maintaining the fixability of the slope body, so that the slope body reinforcing device can be carried out with time, and the reinforcing effect is better.
Further, referring to fig. 6-8, a plurality of connection mechanisms 41 are respectively arranged on one side of the fixing cage 4 close to the slope body, and each connection mechanism 41 comprises a mounting ring 411 and a spring pin 412; the fixing cage 4 is fixed between the slope body and the fixing pieces 7, the fixing pieces 7 penetrate through the mounting ring 411, and after the fixing pieces 7 are installed in place, the fixing pieces 7 are locked by the spring pins 412.
The fixing member 7 includes a locking head 71, a connecting rod 72, and an anchor member 73; the locking head 71 is provided with a pin hole 711, the pin hole 711 is matched with the spring pin 412, and the spring pin 412 stretches into the pin hole 711 to fix the fixing piece 7 and the fixing cage 4.
The connecting rod 72 is of a hollow structure, and the anchoring piece 73 comprises a plurality of ejection plates 731, a central screw 732 and an ejection ring 733; the central screw 732 penetrates through the center of the locking head 71, threads are matched between the central screw 732 and the ejection ring 733, and the ejection ring 733 can move along the axial direction of the central screw 732 when the central screw 732 rotates; the top ends of the ejector plate 731 are rotatably connected with the connecting rod 72, and when the ejector ring 733 gradually moves toward the connecting rod 72, the ejector plate 731 receives the action of the ejector ring 733, and the bottom ends of the ejector plate 731 gradually expand.
Therefore, after the fixing piece 7 is installed in place, the fixing piece 7 and the fixing cage 4 are fixedly connected through the connecting mechanism 41 by extending into the pin hole 711 through the spring pin 412, and then the ejector ring 733 is driven to gradually move towards the connecting rod 72 through the rotating center screw 732, so that the bottom end of the ejector plate 731 is gradually opened under the action of the ejector ring 733, the fixing range is expanded, and the slope fixing effect of the slope reinforcing device is effectively improved.
Further, referring to fig. 9, the division of the side shore section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 is related to the average water level H, the highest water level M and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year; the depth range of the transition section 2 is (H+1) M- (M+1) M; the depth range of the deep water section 3 is (L-1) m- (H+1) m; the depth range of the side bank section 1 is (M+1) M-the side bank, so that the respective depth ranges of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are obtained through calculation of the average water level H of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the highest water level M of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are matched and designed according to the actual conditions of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the position of the protective piece 6 can be suspended near a horizontal plane, the water resistance of plants of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 and the water resistance of the plants at the respective positions are matched, and the survival rate of the plants is guaranteed.
Buffer platforms are arranged between the side bank section 1 and the transition section 2 and between the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 and used for isolating the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3; the buffer platform is also used for arranging the side bank sections 1, the transition sections 2 and the deep water sections 3 in a step-like manner, so that the height of the slope bank from the lowest point of each section is gradually increased through the expansion of the buffer platform while the corresponding maintenance plane is provided through the buffer platform, and the falling risk is reduced.
Working principle: before reinforcing a slope body, the device needs to survey the actual water level and the like of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering at the installation position to obtain the average water level, the historical highest water level and the historical lowest water level of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and judges the depth of the slope to be fixed (the depth refers to the depth from the embankment of the hydraulic engineering to the respective position) and the depth range corresponding to the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 of the slope fixing device according to the water level information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering;
the division of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 is related to the average water level H of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the highest water level M of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year; the depth range of the transition section 2 is (H+1) M- (M+1) M; the depth range of the deep water section 3 is (L-1) m- (H+1) m; the depth range of the side bank section 1 is (M+1) M-the side bank, so that the respective depth ranges of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are calculated through the average water level H of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, the highest water level M of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year, and the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are matched and designed according to the actual conditions of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past year;
installing a proper number of fixing cages 4 on the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 respectively (wherein the fixing cages 4 have different specifications, not only have different length, width and height, but also have different mesh aperture sizes), installing the fixing cages 4 in groups, wherein the apertures of the corresponding fixing cages 4 of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3 are different, and the planted plants are also different, so that the water resistance of the plants can be fully ensured to meet the different depths of the side bank section 1, the transition section 2 and the deep water section 3, the survival rate of the planted plants is improved, and the strengthening effect of the slope strengthening device is improved through developed root systems of normal growth of the plants;
the sliding rails 5 are arranged between every two fixed cage groups, the protection piece 6 is erected above the fixed cage groups, buoyancy is generated through the plurality of air bags 67, the air bags 67 can ascend or descend to a certain extent on the water surface, so that the buoyancy generated through the air bags 67 can be adjusted within the allowable range of the air bags 67, therefore, in the adjusting range of the air bags 67, under different hydrologic environment conditions of different hydraulic and hydroelectric projects, the whole protection piece 6 can always suspend near the water surface along with sliding along the sliding rails 51 through the difference of the submerging depths of the air bags 67, and when the water level changes, the protection piece 6 can always suspend on the water surface due to the effect of the plurality of air bags 67, and the protection piece 6 can be positioned above the water surface by the setting positions of the plurality of air bags 67 so as to perform the function of the protection piece 6; the impact of the turbulence runoffs on the water surface and the water is prevented by the blocking of the protective piece 6, so that the impact corrosion of the fixed cage 4 on the water surface is slowed down, the damage of the fixed cage 4 on the water surface and plants planted in the fixed cage is further reduced, the service life of the area (the maximum impact area) with the greatest impact and corrosion degree under the action of the turbulence runoffs on the water surface and the water is prolonged, the frequency required to be maintained is reduced, the overall service life of the slope reinforcement device is prolonged, and the protective piece 6 can lift along the sliding track 51 along with the change of the horizontal plane, so that the protection of the maximum impact area on the dynamically changed horizontal plane is improved, and the service life of the slope reinforcement device is further ensured;
the solar energy is collected through the solar cell panel 611 and is sent into the storage battery 63 to be stored, when the storage electric quantity of the storage battery 63 reaches 70% of the total storage capacity, the storage battery 63 supplies power to the water pump 64, the water pump 64 pumps water to irrigate plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 through the water pumping pipe 65 so as to ensure the required moisture of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61, and the solar cell panel 611 is limited by sunlight under different weather conditions, the water loss rate of the side slope and the charging efficiency of the solar energy are positively correlated, so that the water demand of the plants can be matched with the irrigation time after the storage quantity of the storage battery 63 reaches a set value, the survival condition of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 is ensured, and the survival rate of the plants planted in the fixed cage 4 above the light-transmitting plate 61 is improved; through the effect of light trap 612, fully guarantee the illumination demand of the plant of planting in the fixed cage 4 that is sheltered from by light-passing board 61, guarantee the survival rate of the plant of planting in the fixed cage 4 that is located light-passing board 61 top, improve this kind of slope reinforcing apparatus's reinforcement effect.
Wherein, the installation of fixed cage 4, fixed cage 4 is fixed through between a plurality of mounting 7 and the slope body, after the mounting 7 is in place, stretch into inside pinhole 711 through the spring pin 412 at first, connect fixedly through coupling mechanism 41 between mounting 7 and the fixed cage 4, then through rotatory center screw 732, drive ejector ring 733 gradually to connecting rod 72 direction removal, make ejector plate 731 receive under ejector ring 733's the effect, the bottom of ejector plate 731 opens gradually, thereby expand fixed range, effectively improve this kind of slope body reinforcing apparatus's slope body fixed effect.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcing apparatus which characterized in that: according to the distance from the water bottom, the water bottom is divided into a side bank section (1), a transition section (2) and a deep water section (3) in sequence from far to near; the side shore section (1), the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3) comprise a plurality of fixing cages (4), and each fixing cage (4) is fixed with the slope body; the sizes of the fixing cages (4) of each section are the same, the mesh holes of the fixing cages (4) of each section are sequentially reduced, and plants with different water adaptability are planted in the fixing cages (4) of each section respectively; in the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3), a plurality of adjacent fixed cages (4) form a fixed cage group along the flow direction of water flow; a sliding double rail (5) is arranged between every two fixed cage groups, and the sliding double rails (5) are also respectively arranged at the two ends of all the fixed cage groups, wherein each sliding double rail (5) comprises two sliding rails (51); a protective piece (6) is erected above each fixed cage group, and the protective pieces (6) are in sliding fit with the sliding rails (51) on two sides of the corresponding fixed cage group; one surface of the protective piece (6) is provided with a plurality of air bags (67), and the air bags (67) generate buoyancy in water, so that the protective piece (6) moves under the action of the buoyancy of the water and under the limitation of the corresponding sliding track (51); the guard (6) being capable of being suspended in a horizontal plane, the guard (6) being adapted to cut down the impact and corrosion of water currents on the fixing cage (4) and plants grown in the fixing cage (4) in the vicinity of the horizontal plane, the guard (6) comprising a light-transmitting plate (61) and a bracket (62); the bottom end of the bracket (62) is provided with a plurality of pulleys (621), the pulleys (621) are respectively embedded into the corresponding sliding rails (51), the pulleys (621) slide in the corresponding sliding rails (51), and the protection piece (6) can move under the limitation of the sliding rails (51) under the buoyancy of water; a plurality of solar panels (611) and a plurality of light holes (612) are arranged on the light-transmitting plate (61) at intervals; the light holes (612) are used for transmitting light rays, and sunlight is provided for plants planted in the fixing cage (4) shielded by the light-transmitting plate (61) through the light holes (612); the protection piece (6) is further provided with a storage battery (63), a water pump (64) and a water raising pipe (65), the storage battery (63) is used for storing electric energy converted by the solar cell panel (611), the storage battery (63) supplies power to the water pump (64) after the electric energy is stored to a set value, the water pump (64) pumps water to irrigate plants planted in the fixed cage (4) above the light-transmitting plate (61) through the water raising pipe (65), one side of the light-transmitting plate (61) far away from the slope body is further provided with a buffer assembly (66), and the buffer assembly (66) comprises a protection pad (661) and a plurality of buffer columns (662); when the protective pad (661) is impacted, the impact force is absorbed through the buffer columns (662) to prevent the impact force from impacting the light-transmitting plate (61); a plurality of connecting mechanisms (41) are arranged on one side, close to the slope body, of the fixing cage (4), and each connecting mechanism (41) comprises a mounting ring (411) and a spring pin (412); the fixing cage (4) is fixed between the slope body and the slope body through a plurality of fixing pieces (7), the fixing pieces (7) penetrate through the mounting ring (411), and after the fixing pieces (7) are installed in place, the fixing pieces are locked by the spring pins (412); the fixing piece (7) comprises a locking head (71), a connecting rod (72) and an anchoring piece (73); the locking head (71) is provided with a pin hole (711), the pin hole (711) is matched with the spring pin (412), and the spring pin (412) stretches into the pin hole (711) to fix the fixing piece (7) and the fixing cage (4); the connecting rod (72) is of a hollow structure, and the anchoring piece (73) comprises a plurality of ejector plates (731), a central screw (732) and an ejector ring (733); the central screw (732) penetrates through the center of the locking head (71), threads of the central screw (732) and the ejection ring (733) are matched, and the ejection ring (733) can move along the axial direction of the central screw (732) when the central screw (732) rotates; the top ends of the ejector plates (731) are rotationally connected with the connecting rod (72), and when the ejector ring (733) gradually moves towards the connecting rod (72), the ejector plates (731) receive the action of the ejector ring (733), and the bottom ends of the ejector plates (731) are gradually opened; the division of the side shore section (1), the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3) is related to the average water level H of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past, the highest water level M of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past and the lowest water level L of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering in the past; the depth range of the transition section (2) is (H+1) M- (M+1) M; the depth range of the deep water section (3) is (L-1) m- (H+1) m; the depth range of the side bank section (1) is (M+1) M-side bank.
2. The hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the fixing cage (4) is filled with degradable gel, the degradable gel is limited inside the fixing cage (4), and the diameter of the degradable gel is larger than the mesh diameter of the fixing cage (4); the gaps between the degradable gels are used for providing root growth spaces of plants, and the degradable gels are used for fixing the plants to the fixing cages (4) for growth.
3. The hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering slope reinforcement device according to claim 1, wherein: buffer platforms are arranged between the side bank section (1) and the transition section (2) and between the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3), and are used for isolating the side bank section (1), the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3); the buffer platform is also used for arranging the side shore section (1), the transition section (2) and the deep water section (3) in a step shape.
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| CN114808849A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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