CN114808489A - Structural color fiber material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Structural color fiber material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808489A CN114808489A CN202210359499.XA CN202210359499A CN114808489A CN 114808489 A CN114808489 A CN 114808489A CN 202210359499 A CN202210359499 A CN 202210359499A CN 114808489 A CN114808489 A CN 114808489A
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67383—Inorganic compounds containing silicon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8214—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing ester and amide groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
The invention provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the structural color fiber material comprises a fiber material base material, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structural color layer, wherein the color development layer and the photonic crystal structural color layer are attached to the fiber material base material; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged. The two-dimensional material MXene is directionally arranged and self-assembled on the surface of the fiber to form a color development layer, so that the deposition and ordered arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the surface of the fiber are accelerated, the bonding fastness of the two is improved, and the color development of the material is clearer; by regulating and controlling the size of the photonic crystal nano-microsphere, the fiber material with different structural colors can be displayed, and the defects of dyed products are overcome. The photonic crystal nano-microspheres are embedded on a fiber material in a self-assembly arrangement manner, and have the advantages of firm deposition, good color stability, good weather resistance and good photo-thermal conversion performance; and the preparation process is simple, no excess reagent is needed, the economic benefit is high, and the application prospect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber materials, in particular to a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the textile coloring is mainly dye dyeing, the method is easy to cause pollution in the production process, and the problem of water resource waste can be caused due to the difficulty in post-treatment of wastewater. In order to improve the dyeing rate of some textile which is difficult to dye, a high-temperature or high-alkalinity dyeing method is generally adopted, so that for chemical fiber type textiles, the strength of the fiber is seriously damaged, the mechanical property of the fiber is influenced, and deep, thick and bright color is difficult to dye. As the use time and number of cleanings of dyed textiles increase, there is a problem of the color falling off or fading. In nature, many organisms have colorful structural colors, such as opals, peacock feathers and the like, the colors of the organisms are generated by the related physical actions of the special microstructures of the organisms and visible light, and the color generation of the photonic crystal structure is an important expression form. The structural color obtained by adopting the photonic crystal does not need to add dyes or pigments, and is a novel ecological bionic coloring way. The photonic crystal structural color is applied to the textile, so that the textile can be endowed with bright color and luster, and a vivid color effect can be formed.
However, at present, the structural color textile generally deposits the structural color microspheres into the fabric by vertical deposition, gravity sedimentation, centrifugal deposition and other methods; however, these methods are greatly affected by the textile substrate, and most of the photonic crystal structures on the substrate have poor stability, and the photonic crystal structures are easy to crack and even fall off from the surface of the textile substrate during folding, bending and washing. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a specific reagent bonding layer is arranged between a photonic crystal structure layer and a textile substrate, or an encapsulant is coated on the surface of the photonic crystal structure layer, so that the stability of the photonic crystal structure and the durability of structural color are improved; however, the above-mentioned method of adding the binder or the sealing agent is not only disadvantageous to the development of structural colors, but also disadvantageous to the comfort (e.g., flexibility, air permeability, lightness, etc.) of the textile.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved structural color fiber material and a method for preparing the same to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The two-dimensional material MXene can enhance the embedded deposition and close arrangement of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres in the fiber material substrate, and the prepared structural color fiber material has the advantages of firm deposition of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres, good color stability, good weather resistance and good photo-thermal conversion performance; the method has simple and easy process, does not need redundant reagents, has high economic benefit and has better application prospect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the structural color fiber material comprises a fiber material base material, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structure color layer which are sequentially attached to the fiber material base material; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises a plurality of photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged; the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material MXene to the photonic crystal nano-microspheres is 1 (3-40).
As a further improvement of the invention, the particle size range of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres is 140-370 nm, and the monodispersion index is 0.08-0.1; the average sheet diameter range of the two-dimensional material MXene is 0.2-20 μm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the single fiber diameter of the fiber material substrate is in the micro nanometer scale.
As a further improvement of the invention, the two-dimensional material MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Ti 3 C 2 、Ti 2 And C, the embedded deposition and arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres in the fiber material substrate are enhanced.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fiber material base material is one of non-woven fabric, knitted fabric or woven fabric.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fiber material base material is preferably PET/PA orange-peel type superfine fiber non-woven fabric.
As a further improvement of the invention, the photonic crystal nano-microspheres comprise silica colloid nano-microspheres and Fe 3 O 4 One or more of nano-microspheres, polystyrene nano-microspheres and polystyrene-methacrylic acid soft polymer nano-microspheres.
As a further improvement of the invention, the color development layer also comprises carbon-based materials or reactive black dyes with different dimensions, and the particle size ranges from 1nm to 0.5 mm.
A method of making a structural color fibrous material of any of the above, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the MXene and the dispersion liquid to obtain a 0.1-50 mg/mL solution of the MXene; mixing the photonic crystal nano-microspheres with the dispersion liquid to prepare a photonic crystal nano-microsphere solution with the concentration of 0.01-1.0 g/mL;
s2, uniformly spraying the MXene solution of the two-dimensional material on the surface of the fiber material base material by using a high-pressure air flow spray gun to obtain an MXene/fiber material base material;
s3, spraying the photonic crystal nano microsphere solution on the surface of the MXene/fiber material base material obtained in the step S2, and drying at 50-80 ℃ to obtain the structural color fiber material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the dispersion is composed of one or more of an alcoholic solvent and deionized water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the structural color fiber material comprises a fiber material base material, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structural color layer, wherein the color development layer and the photonic crystal structural color layer are attached to the fiber material base material; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises a plurality of photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged. The two-dimensional material MXene can enhance the embedded deposition and close arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres in the fiber material substrate, and the prepared structural color fiber material has the advantages of firm deposition of the photonic crystal nano microspheres, good color stability and good weather resistance; the prepared structural color fiber material can display structural color fiber materials with different colors by regulating the size of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres, and overcomes the defects of the traditional dye dyed products. The method has simple and easy-to-implement process and does not need redundant reagents; the structural color fiber material has excellent photo-thermal functionality, can be applied to the field of heating and warm keeping, has high economic benefit and good application prospect.
2. The two-dimensional material MXene adopted by the invention is sprayed on the surface of the fiber material substrate before the photonic crystal nano microspheres are directionally arranged and self-assembled into the color development layer on the surface of the fiber through electrostatic action, so that the subsequent deposition and ordered arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the surface of the fiber can be accelerated, the problem of nonuniform color development of the structural color fiber material caused by local concentration or deletion of the photonic crystal nano microspheres is avoided, the color development is clearer, and the color is more bright. The two-dimensional material MXene has higher specific surface area and hydroxyl or terminal oxygen on the surface, so that when the photonic crystal nano microspheres are sprayed, the adsorption of the microspheres by a fiber material is facilitated, and the bonding fastness between the photonic crystal nano microspheres and the fiber material is improved; in addition, the weight of the two-dimensional material MXene is light, the use and other properties of the fiber material cannot be influenced, and the adverse influence on the comfort of the textile fiber material caused by the traditional method of adopting a reagent to adhere a photonic crystal structure is overcome.
3. According to the preparation method of the structural color fiber material, the fiber material is used as a base material, preferably PET/PA orange-petal type superfine fiber non-woven fabric is selected, the fiber and pore structure of the non-woven fabric are fine, and the two-dimensional material MXene and photonic crystal nano microspheres are favorably and uniformly distributed on the base material; and the fiber material has a large number of pores, can retain partial air phase, and improves excellent optical performance, so that the structural color keeps high brightness and high saturation. In addition, the two-dimensional material MXene and the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are sprayed on the fiber material base material in the form of solution by a high-pressure airflow spray gun, so that not only can the particles be dispersed more uniformly, but also liquid phase evaporation is realized in the drying and curing process, uniform fine pores are generated in the photonic crystal structure layer, and the optical performance is improved.
4. The invention adopts two-dimensional material MXene, carbon series materials with different dimensionalities and active black dye as the color development layer, which is not only beneficial to the color development of the photonic crystal nano microsphere in the fiber material, but also endows the fiber material with other performances, such as photo-thermal property, sensing performance and the like; for fiber fabrics, these performance improvements broaden the range of applications. The fiber material used as the base material also has the advantages of softness, ventilation, lightness, various structures, multifunction integration, comfortable wearing and the like, and can be used as a base material for wearing color-changing devices, so that the application range of the fiber material is wider.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a microscopic view of silica colloid nano-microspheres according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a single fiber of a PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabric with structural color in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a 3D super depth of field optical microscope image of the structural color PET/PA orange-lobe microfiber nonwoven fabric of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an external view of a PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabric; wherein (a) is an original PET/PA non-woven fabric, (b) is a PET/PA non-woven fabric of a comparative example 1, and (c) to (f) are appearance images of the PET/PA orange-peel superfine fiber non-woven fabric with structural color prepared in examples 1 to 4 respectively.
FIG. 5 shows the results of photothermal property tests of the PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabrics with structural colors prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative example 1.
FIG. 6 shows the results of the conductivity test of the PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabrics having structural colors prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A structural color fiber material comprises a fiber material base material, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structural color layer, wherein the color development layer and the photonic crystal structural color layer are attached to the fiber material base material; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises a plurality of photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged; the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material MXene to the photonic crystal nano-microspheres is 1 (3-40). The particle size range of the photonic crystal nano microspheres is 140-370 nm, the monodispersion index is 0.08-0.1, and different color-developing structural color fiber materials can be obtained by controlling the particle size of the photonic crystal nano microspheres; the sheet diameter range of the two-dimensional material MXene is 0.2-20 μm; the diameter of single fiber of the substrate fiber material is micron-sized or nano-sized, so that the specific surface area is increased, and the attachment of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres is facilitated. The two-dimensional material MXene adopted by the invention can enhance the embedded deposition and close arrangement of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres in the fiber material substrate, and the structural color fiber material has the advantages of firm deposition of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres, good color stability and good weather resistance.
Specifically, MXene as two-dimensional material is Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Ti 3 C 2 、Ti 2 And C, one of the compositions is used for enhancing the embedded deposition and arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres in the fiber material base material. The fiber material base material is one of non-woven fabric, knitted fabric or woven fabric, the structure is a fiber base material with a special-shaped cross section, such as fibers of orange petal type, peanut type, cross type and the like, the deposition effect of a subsequent color development layer and a photonic crystal structure color layer is improved, and further the color development effect and the stability of the structure color are improved; for example, PET/PA orange-peel type superfine fiber non-woven fabric is selected. The photonic crystal nano-microsphere comprises silicon dioxide colloid nano-microsphere and Fe 3 O 4 One or more of nano-microspheres, polystyrene nano-microspheres and polystyrene-methacrylic acid soft polymer nano-microspheres.
Preferably, the fiber material substrate is preferably PET/PA orange-peel superfine fiber non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric has fine fiber and pore structure, so that the two-dimensional material MXene and the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are uniformly distributed on the substrate; and the fiber material has a large number of pores, can retain partial air phase, and improves excellent optical performance, so that the structural color keeps high brightness and high saturation. In addition, the special structure of the PET/PA orange-peel superfine fiber non-woven fabric enables the adhesiveness of photonic crystals to be stronger, and the final composite structure color fiber material is better in flexibility and wider in application.
In a specific embodiment, the color development layer further comprises carbon-based materials with different dimensions and reactive black dyes, the particle size of the carbon-based materials and the reactive black dyes ranges from 1nm to 0.5mm, and the carbon-based materials or the reactive black dyes are mixed with the two-dimensional material MXene and the dispersion liquid when being applied. The two-dimensional material MXene, the carbon-series materials with different dimensionalities and the active black dye are used as the color development layer, so that the color development of the photonic crystal nano-microsphere in a fiber material is facilitated, the material is more likely to be endowed with other properties such as photo-thermal property, sensing property and the like, and for a fiber fabric, the properties are improved, and the application properties of the fiber fabric are widened. The structural color fiber material does not need to use a binder in the preparation process, and the fiber-to-fiber bonding in the base material is formed in the spinning process. In addition, the fiber substrate and the color development layer have mutual physical interaction, so that the adhesion between the photonic crystal nano-microsphere and the substrate can be enhanced.
A method of making a structural color fibrous material of any of the above, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the MXene and the dispersion liquid to obtain a 0.1-50 mg/mL solution of the MXene; mixing the photonic crystal nano-microspheres with the dispersion liquid to prepare a photonic crystal nano-microsphere solution with the concentration of 0.01-1.0 g/mL;
s2, uniformly spraying a two-dimensional material MXene solution on the surface of the fiber material base material by using a high-pressure air flow spray gun to obtain an MXene/fiber material base material;
s3, spraying the photonic crystal nano microsphere solution on the surface of the MXene/fiber material base material obtained in the step S2, and drying at 50-80 ℃ to obtain the structural color fiber material.
Wherein the dispersion liquid is composed of one or more of alcohol solvent and deionized water. After mixing the two-dimensional material MXene and the photonic crystal nano-microspheres with the dispersion liquid, the two-dimensional material MXene and the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are sprayed on a fiber material base material in a solution form by a high-pressure airflow spray gun, so that not only can the particles be dispersed more uniformly, but also the liquid phase is evaporated in the drying and curing process, uniform fine pores are also generated in a photonic crystal structure layer, and the dispersibility and the optical performance of the photonic crystal are improved.
Specifically, when the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are silica colloid microspheres, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: using tetraethoxysilane as a silicon source, ammonia water as a catalyst, and a mixed solution of water and ethanol as a solvent, and adjusting SiO by controlling the tetraethoxysilane concentration (TEOS, 2.17-5.4%), the reaction temperature (10-40 ℃), the reaction time (0.5-4 h), the reaction speed (500-1100 rpm) and other factors in the reaction 2 Particle size of the colloidal microspheres and monodispersity thereof. The prepared silica colloidal microspheres were purified by centrifugation (1100rpm) with water and dried at 60 ℃ and ground to powder for use. The particle size range of the prepared microsphere is 140-370 nm, and the monodisperse property (PDI:0.08-0.1) is achieved. SiO 2 2 The preparation of the colloidal microspheres is simple, and the size of the nano particles can be regulated by controlling the reaction temperature and the content of the reagent, so that the photonic crystal nano microspheres with more suitable particle sizes can be prepared.
Particularly, the adopted two-dimensional material MXene is sprayed on the surface of the fiber material substrate before the photonic crystal nano microspheres, and the two-dimensional material MXene is directionally arranged and self-assembled on the surface of the fiber to form a color development layer through electrostatic action, so that the subsequent deposition and ordered arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the surface of the fiber can be accelerated, the problem of uneven color development of the structural color fiber material due to local concentration or deletion of the photonic crystal nano microspheres is avoided, the color development is clearer, and the color is more bright. The two-dimensional material MXene has high specific surface area and hydroxyl or terminal oxygen on the surface, so that the binding fastness between the photonic crystal nano-microspheres and the fiber material is improved when the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are sprayed; in addition, the weight of the two-dimensional material MXene is light, the use and other properties of the fiber material cannot be influenced, and the adverse influence on the comfort of the textile fiber material caused by the traditional method of adopting a reagent to adhere a photonic crystal structure is overcome.
The method adopts a high-pressure airflow jet method to facilitate the embedding of the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the fiber material, and the photonic crystal nano microspheres are arranged in a self-assembly mode. In addition, the high-pressure airflow jet method not only can prepare structural color fiber materials in a large area, but also ensures that the photonic crystals are more firmly attached under the action of airflow. When the method is applied to fiber fabrics, the prepared fabric color can be kept for a long time without changing color or falling off, and the prepared fabric has weather resistance and color stability and can realize various fabric colors; the process is simple and easy to implement, does not need redundant reagents, has high economic benefit and has better application prospect.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, taking tetraethoxysilane with the concentration of 3.5% as a silicon source, ammonia water as a catalyst, a mixed solution of water and ethanol as a solvent, carrying out the reaction at 40 ℃ for 2 hours, centrifuging the prepared silica colloid nano-microspheres at the rotating speed of 1100rpm, washing and purifying the silica colloid nano-microspheres with water, and drying the silica colloid nano-microspheres at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the silica colloid nano-microspheres with the particle size of 164 nm;
s2, mixing the two-dimensional material MXene with the average sheet diameter of 5 mu m with the dispersion liquid to prepare a two-dimensional material MXene solution with the concentration of 10 mg/mL; mixing the silicon dioxide colloid nano microsphere powder obtained in the step S1 with dispersion liquid to prepare a silicon dioxide colloid nano microsphere solution with the concentration of 0.04 g/mL;
s3, uniformly spraying a two-dimensional material MXene solution on the surface of a PET/PA (1:1) orange-petal superfine fiber non-woven fabric by using a high-pressure air flow spray gun to obtain an MXene/PET/PA base material; wherein the mass ratio of the sprayed two-dimensional material MXene to the silica colloid nano microspheres is 1: 4;
s4, spraying the silica colloidal microsphere solution on the surface of the MXene/PET/PA base material obtained in the step S3, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the structural color fiber material.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a silica colloid nanoparticle, and it can be seen from the diagram that the prepared silica colloid nanoparticle has a regular shape structure and a uniform size, and can be used as a photonic crystal structure of a structural color fiber material to construct the structural color fiber material.
Fig. 2 is a microscopic structure view of a single fiber of a PET/PA orange-petal type microfiber nonwoven fabric with a structural color, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that silica nano microspheres are deposited on the surface of the PET/PA orange-petal type microfiber nonwoven fabric, the distribution of the microspheres is relatively uniform, and the problem of large-area aggregation or dispersion of photonic crystal nano microspheres does not occur, which indicates that the photonic crystal structural color fiber fabric prepared by the process method is relatively successful. FIG. 3 is a 3D super-depth of field optical microscope image of the structural color PET/PA orange-lobe type microfiber nonwoven fabric. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the color development effect of the PET/PA orange petal type superfine fiber non-woven fabric with the structural color is better.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, and compared with example 1, the difference is that comparative example 1 directly sprays the prepared two-dimensional material MXene solution on PET/PA orange petal type superfine fiber non-woven fabric, and does not spray silica colloid nano microsphere solution; the rest is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, and compared with example 1, the difference is that in comparative example 1, the prepared silica colloid nanoparticle solution is directly sprayed on a PET/PA orange-peel type superfine fiber non-woven fabric without adopting a two-dimensional material MXene; the rest is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
The PET/PA orange-petal type ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in comparative example 1 appeared black, but the color at this time was not a structural color, indicating that the two-dimensional material MXene functioned as a black color developing layer in the structural color fiber material. Compared with the original PET/PA non-woven fabric, the PET/PA orange-lobe superfine fiber non-woven fabric prepared by the comparative example 2 has no color change.
Examples 2 to 4
The embodiment provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, and compared with embodiment 1, the difference is that the particle diameters of the prepared silica colloid nano microspheres are 220nm, 255nm and 341nm respectively; the rest is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an appearance diagram of an original PET/PA non-woven fabric, a PET/PA orange-petal type superfine fiber non-woven fabric with structural color prepared in comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 4, and it can be seen from the figure that the photonic crystal nano-microspheres are firmly and uniformly adhered to the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the color development effect is also uniform; the non-woven fabrics prepared from the silica colloid nano microspheres with different particle sizes have different colors; this is because photonic crystals of different sizes have different effects on light resulting in different colors. Therefore, the control of the color of the structural color fiber material can be realized by controlling the granularity of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres.
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, fig. 5 shows the photo-thermal performance test results of the PET/PA orange-petal type microfiber nonwoven fabrics with structural colors prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1, and fig. 6 shows the conductivity test results of the PET/PA orange-petal type microfiber nonwoven fabrics with structural colors prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1. As can be seen from fig. 5, the nonwoven fabric of comparative example 1, which was not sprayed with silica microspheres, had certain photothermal properties, but the color was not a structural color; the structural color PET/PA non-woven fabrics of embodiments 1-4 have the best photo-thermal properties when the particle size of the silica colloid nano-microspheres is 341nm, and the structural color PET/PA non-woven fabrics prepared from the silica colloid nano-microspheres with other particle sizes also have certain photo-thermal properties. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabric of comparative example 1 has the best conductivity, and the conductivity depends on the two-dimensional material MXene, because the material has more ion transmission channels and has good conductivity; the structural color PET/PA non-woven fabrics prepared in the embodiments 1-4 retain partial conductivity, and are made of the two-dimensional material MXene, so that the non-woven fabrics have additional conductivity.
In summary, the invention provides a structural color fiber material and a preparation method thereof, the structural color fiber material comprises a fiber material substrate, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structure color layer, wherein the color development layer and the photonic crystal structure color layer are attached to the fiber material substrate; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises a plurality of photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged. The two-dimensional material MXene is directionally arranged and self-assembled on the surface of the fiber to form a color development layer through electrostatic action, so that the subsequent deposition and ordered arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the surface of the fiber can be accelerated, the adsorption of the fiber material on the microspheres is facilitated, the bonding fastness between the photonic crystal nano microspheres and the fiber material is improved, the color development is clearer, and the color is more bright; in addition, the weight of the two-dimensional material MXene is light, and the use and other properties of the fiber material are not affected. The invention takes the fiber material as the base material, preferably selects the PET/PA orange-peel superfine fiber non-woven fabric, is beneficial to uniformly distributing the two-dimensional material MXene and the photonic crystal nano microspheres on the base material, and improves the excellent optical performance, thereby keeping the structural color at high brightness and high saturation. The structural color fiber material prepared by the invention can realize the display of structural color fiber materials with different colors by regulating and controlling the size of the photonic crystal nano-microspheres; the method has the advantages of firm deposition of the photonic crystal nano microspheres, good color stability, good weather resistance and good photo-thermal functionality; and the preparation process is simple and easy to implement, does not need redundant reagents, has high economic benefit and has better application prospect.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The structural color fiber material is characterized by comprising a fiber material base material, a color development layer and a photonic crystal structural color layer, wherein the color development layer and the photonic crystal structural color layer are sequentially attached to the fiber material base material; the color development layer comprises a two-dimensional material MXene; the photonic crystal structure color layer comprises a plurality of photonic crystal nano microspheres which are orderly and closely arranged; the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material MXene to the photonic crystal nano-microspheres is 1 (3-40).
2. The structural color fiber material of claim 1, wherein the photonic crystal nanospheres have a particle size range of 140-370 nm and a monodispersion index of 0.08-0.1; the average sheet diameter range of the two-dimensional material MXene is 0.2-20 μm.
3. The structural color fibrous material of claim 2, wherein the single fiber diameter of the fibrous material substrate is on the micro-nanometer scale.
4. The structural color fibrous material of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional material MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T x 、Ti 3 C 2 、Ti 2 And C, the embedded deposition and the ordered arrangement of the photonic crystal nano microspheres in the fiber material substrate are enhanced.
5. The structural color fiber material of claim 1, wherein the fiber material base material is one of a nonwoven fabric, a knitted fabric or a woven fabric.
6. The structural color fiber material of claim 5, wherein the fiber material substrate is preferably PET/PA orange-peel type microfiber nonwoven fabric.
7. The structurally colored fibrous material of claim 1, wherein the photonic crystal nanospheres comprise silica colloid nanospheres, Fe 3 O 4 One or more of nano-microspheres, polystyrene nano-microspheres and polystyrene-methacrylic acid soft polymer nano-microspheres.
8. The structural color fiber material of claim 1, wherein the color development layer further comprises carbon-based materials or reactive black dyes of different dimensions, both having a particle size range of 1nm to 0.5 mm.
9. A method for preparing a structural color fiber material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the MXene and the dispersion liquid to obtain a 0.1-50 mg/mL solution of the MXene; mixing the photonic crystal nano-microspheres with the dispersion liquid to prepare a photonic crystal nano-microsphere solution with the concentration of 0.01-1.0 g/mL;
s2, uniformly spraying the MXene solution of the two-dimensional material on the surface of the fiber material base material by using a high-pressure air flow spray gun to obtain an MXene/fiber material base material;
s3, spraying the photonic crystal nano microsphere solution on the surface of the MXene/fiber material base material obtained in the step S2, and drying at 50-80 ℃ to obtain the structural color fiber material.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dispersion comprises one or more of an alcohol solvent and deionized water.
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