CN114808278A - 一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808278A CN114808278A CN202210553021.0A CN202210553021A CN114808278A CN 114808278 A CN114808278 A CN 114808278A CN 202210553021 A CN202210553021 A CN 202210553021A CN 114808278 A CN114808278 A CN 114808278A
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- 239000005003 food packaging material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003181 co-melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004170 rice bran wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019384 rice bran wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/18—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/021—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophobic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及黏性食品包装工艺领域，具体涉及一种利用可食蜡纤维化处理制成的黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，即利用可食用蜡的高疏水性与静电纺丝技术结合，制备黏性食品专用的防粘包装材料。将颗粒状可食蜡固体研磨成粉末状，与聚丙烯在200℃条件下热熔配制成纺丝液，用纺丝机将纺丝液喷涂在接收器铝箔上作为疏水包装材料。选用的可食蜡为蜂蜡，蜂蜡与聚丙烯的混合比例为1∶1，纺丝液的浓度为10%，电纺电压为36 kV，电纺距离为25 cm。种包装材料将可食蜡的疏水性和传统聚丙烯塑料的机械性能相结合，得到了抗弯能力强且黏附性小的包装材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及黏性食品包装工艺领域，具体涉及一种利用可食蜡纤维化处理制成的黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，即利用可食用蜡的高疏水性与静电纺丝技术结合，制备黏性食品专用的防粘包装材料。
背景技术
黏性食品一直以来都因其独特的口感深受广大消费者喜爱。但是黏性食品容易粘在包装上不易拿出且食用过程中容易粘手，给消费者带来诸多不便，这导致黏性食品很难作为方便食品生产销售。随着生活节奏的变快，消费者对即时性方便食品的需求越来越大，为了解决黏性食品的问题就需要发明不易附着的包装。
以高水接触角和低滑动角为特征的超疏水涂层引起了人们的广泛关注。为了制备超疏水性涂层，经常使用包括全氟烷基硅烷和氟丙烯酸共聚物在内的氟化化合物。然而，氟化化合物及其降解的副产物对环境有潜在的不利影响，而且还可能存在食品安全隐患，不宜用在食品中。目前在食品中最常用的安全疏水材料就是可食用蜡，但是蜡包装中的应用仅限于制备蜡涂层，不具备抗弯折能力，限制了蜡在黏性食品包装中的应用。
发明内容
本发明提供一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，通过静电纺丝技术来解决现有蜡涂层防黏材料抗弯折能力差的问题。
本发明的技术方案包括以下四个步骤：
步骤一：将颗粒状可食蜡固体研磨成粉末状；
步骤二：将粉末状的可食蜡与聚丙烯混合并共融；
步骤三：加入热水后用超声混合均匀，放入静电纺丝机中进行纤维化处理；
步骤四：用纺丝机将纺丝液喷涂在铝箔上制成为黏性食品包装片材。
该涂层具有优越的防黏性和机械性能。
具体实施方式：
实验条件
采用食品级蜡和聚丙烯作为纺丝液制备黏性食品专用疏水包装，通过以下步骤实现：
将10-20 g颗粒状可食蜡固体研磨成粉末状，并与10-30 g聚丙烯在200 ℃条件下热熔共混，并加入300 mL热水配制成浓度为6-14%的纺丝液，用超声波细胞破碎机将悬液震荡均匀，超声功率为600 W，处理时间1 h，将溶液装入纺丝机的注射器中，然后用纺丝机将纺丝液喷涂在接收器铝箔上作为疏水材料。
抗弯强度测试在英制Instron1195万能材料试验机上进行。用作测试的材料剪裁为3×4×35(mm*mm*mm)的长条。采用三点弯曲法测量，跨距为30mm，加载速率为0.5mm/min。每个数据测试3根试条，然后取平均值。
将100 g粘豆包放置在疏水材料上保持1 h并称重，用镊子将粘豆包夹取后再次称重，计算粘豆包残留量。上述实验重复3次取平均值。
对比方式1：
可食蜡固体可以选用小烛树蜡、米糠蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、蜂蜡，其它实验条件为：10g颗粒状可食蜡，10g聚丙烯，纺丝液浓度为10%。
表1 不同可食蜡制成的包装材料的抗弯折和抗粘性能
选择蜂蜡作为包装材料的的抗弯强度最大，粘豆包的残留量最少。
对比方式2：
可食蜡与聚丙烯的重量比为1∶3，1∶2，1∶1，2∶1和2∶1，其它步骤和工艺条件与对比方式1相同。
表2 不同可食蜡与聚丙烯比例制成的包装材料的抗弯折和抗粘性能
当可食蜡的比例大时，粘豆包的残留量较小，但是抗弯强度较差，综合分析两个指标，选定可食蜡与聚丙烯的比例为1∶1。
对比方式3：
配制的纺丝液浓度为6 %-14 %。其它步骤和工艺条件与对比方式1相同。
表3 不同纺丝液浓度制成的包装材料的抗弯折和抗粘性能
不同浓度的纺丝液制成的包装材料抗弯强度差异不显著(p＞0.05)，但是当纺丝液浓度为10 %时候，粘豆包残留量显著低于其他实验组，因此选定纺丝液浓度为10 %。
对比方式4：
电纺电压为30 kV-38 kV。其它步骤和工艺条件与对比方式1相同。
表4 不同电纺电压下制成的包装材料的抗弯折和抗粘性能
选择电纺电压为36 kV制备的包装材料的抗弯强度最大，粘豆包的残留量最少。
对比方式5：
纺距为24-28 cm。其它步骤和工艺条件与对比方式1相同。
表5 不同纺距制成的包装材料的抗弯折和抗粘性能
选择纺距为25 cm制备的包装材料的抗弯强度最大，粘豆包的残留量最少。
Claims (6)
1.一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，通过以下步骤实现：
步骤一：将颗粒状可食蜡固体研磨成粉末状；
步骤二：将粉末状的可食蜡与聚丙烯混合并共融；
步骤三：加入热水后用超声混合均匀作为纺丝液，放入静电纺丝机中进行纤维化处理；
步骤四：用纺丝机将纺丝液喷涂在铝箔上制成黏性食品包装片材。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤一中可食蜡固体选用小烛树蜡、米糠蜡、巴西棕榈蜡或蜂蜡。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤二中可食蜡与聚丙烯的重量比例为1∶3，1∶2，1∶1，2∶1或2∶1。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤三中的纺丝液浓度为6 %-14 %。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤四中的电纺电压为30 kV-38 kV。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种黏性食品包装材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤四中的纺距为24-28 cm。
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| CN109234834A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-18 | 武汉纺织大学 | 一种超疏水聚乳酸纤维的制备方法 |
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| CN111749043A (zh) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-10-09 | 周晓 | 一种安全无毒和防沾附液体食品的涂层的制备方法 |
| CN112264272A (zh) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-26 | 陕西师范大学 | 一种多功能天然超疏水材料及其应用 |
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| CN105463702A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 闽江学院 | 一种含蜂胶的静电复合纺纳米纤维膜及其生产方法 |
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