CN114808155A - Electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution device with uniform and strengthened electric field, method and application - Google Patents
Electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution device with uniform and strengthened electric field, method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808155A CN114808155A CN202210570317.3A CN202210570317A CN114808155A CN 114808155 A CN114808155 A CN 114808155A CN 202210570317 A CN202210570317 A CN 202210570317A CN 114808155 A CN114808155 A CN 114808155A
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007378 ring spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic spinning, and discloses an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniformly distributed and strengthened electric fields, a method and application thereof.A rectangular array or a circular array is adopted, the upper end of a spinning nozzle is connected with a flow distribution plate with a flow distribution function, and the top of the flow distribution plate is provided with an inlet for facilitating the entering of a spinning solution or a melt; the electrode plate is arranged at the position 50mm-200mm below the tip of the spinning spray head, the electrode plate is connected with the second high-voltage electrostatic generator through a lead, and the splitter plate is grounded. The induction field intensity of the tips of the spinning nozzles distributed on the inner side is greatly enhanced, the distribution uniformity of the whole electric field is greatly improved, and the beneficial effect of the invention can be proved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic spinning, and particularly relates to an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniformly distributed and strengthened electric fields, a method and application.
Background
Electrostatic spinning is a method for preparing polymer solution or melt into superfine fiber by using high-voltage static electricity, is considered to be one of the simplest and most effective methods for preparing nano fiber due to simple principle and easy operation, and has industrial prospect. The working principle of electrostatic spinning is that a high-voltage electric field is established between a spray head and a collecting plate, so that the spray head is electrified in an induction mode or is directly electrified, a melt or a solution at the tip of the bottom of the spray head is electrified or is polarized to be subjected to strong stretching action of an electric field force, when the electric field force applied to the melt or the solution exceeds viscous resistance and surface tension, the polymer melt or the solution forms jet flow to be sprayed onto the collecting plate, and the jet flow is cooled and solidified or a solvent is volatilized to form fibers. In the industrial application of electrostatic spinning, the great improvement of the fiber yield is a key point and a difficult point.
In the traditional single-needle electrostatic spinning technology, a needle head produces a fiber, the higher the electric field intensity is, the faster the jet flow is, and the fiber diameter is reduced. In order to improve the production efficiency, a multi-needle array arrangement method can be adopted, but in the practical process, the electric field forces of the needles arranged in the array at different positions are different, generally, the peripheral needles are subjected to a stronger electric field to form a stronger electric field force, which is caused by the combined action of the tip effect and the electrostatic shielding effect of the electrode plate, and because of the tip effect, the electric charge density at the edge part of the electrode plate is high, the field is strong, so that the field intensity at the corresponding needle distributed at the edge is strong, and the field intensity at the needle distributed relatively to the inner side is small. In addition, the needle head on the periphery has a part of electrostatic shielding effect, the needle head distributed in the periphery has a certain electrostatic shielding effect on the needle head distributed in the periphery, and the electrostatic shielding is used for protecting the inside of the guide body by the guide body shell so that the inside of the guide body shell is not influenced by an external electric field. Therefore, the non-uniform electric field causes problems such as non-uniform fiber distribution and fiber diameter, which affects the quality of the final product.
If single needle electrostatic spinning is called as point spinning, then the needle-free electrostatic spinning technology adopts line spinning and surface spinning, and because of no limitation of needle heads, under the same condition, the needle-free electrostatic spinning technology can generate more jet flow quantity, thereby greatly improving the fiber output efficiency, the stronger the electric field intensity at the tip of the spray head, the more the jet flow quantity is, the faster the jet flow speed is, and the thinner the fiber is. In industrial application, the method of adopting a multi-nozzle array is also adopted to further improve the production efficiency. Because the electrostatic shielding effect, peripheral shower nozzle receives stronger electric field power equally, also can bring the inhomogeneous problem of efflux distribution on same shower nozzle because the electric field distribution of single shower nozzle tip department is inhomogeneous moreover, and then aggravate final product fibre membrane thickness inhomogeneous and the inhomogeneous problem of diameter. In order to solve the problems of uneven thickness of a fiber film and uneven fiber diameter caused by uneven electric field distribution in the electrostatic spinning industrialization process, the invention provides an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device and method with uniform and strengthened electric field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the invention provides an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device and method with uniform and strengthened electric field. The technical scheme is as follows:
the spinning nozzles of the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniformly distributed and strengthened electric fields adopt a rectangular array or a circular array, the upper end of the spinning nozzle is connected with a flow distribution plate for distributing flow, and the top of the flow distribution plate is provided with an inlet for facilitating the entering of spinning solution or melt;
the electrode plate is arranged at the position 50mm-200mm below the tip of the spinning spray head, the electrode plate is connected with the second high-voltage electrostatic generator through a lead, and the splitter plate is grounded.
In one embodiment, the electrode ring is generally circular, and the cross section of the electrode ring is circular in structure.
In one embodiment, when the spinning nozzle adopts a rectangular array, the electrode plate adopts a rectangular flat plate; when the spinning nozzle adopts a circular array, the electrode plate adopts a circular flat plate.
In one embodiment, the first applied voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjusted to be 5kV to 30kV, and the second applied voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjusted to be 30kV to 80kV, namely the second applied voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is larger than the first applied voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator.
In one embodiment, when the spinning nozzle adopts a rectangular array, the electrode rings and the spinning nozzle are coaxially arranged, the electrode rings are welded or connected together through a lead, and all the electrode rings are located in the same plane.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the cross section of the electrode ring ranges from 1mm to 10mm, the diameter of the electrode ring is 4mm to 20mm larger than the diameter of the spinning nozzle, and the distance between the center of the electrode ring and the tip of the bottom of the spinning nozzle ranges from 5mm to 50 mm.
In one embodiment, when the spinning nozzle adopts a circular array, the bottom tips of the spinning nozzle in each circle are at the same height, the bottom tips of the spinning nozzle in different circles are not at the same height, the height of the spinning nozzle gradually rises from the inner circle to the outer circle one by one, and the height difference between adjacent circles is 2mm-20 mm.
In one embodiment, each circle of the spinning nozzles are wrapped by an electrode ring, the height of each circle of the electrode ring is located in the middle of the height difference of the tips of the bottoms of the upper and lower circles of adjacent spinning nozzles, and the diameter of each circle of the electrode ring is the middle of the diameter difference of the upper and lower circles of adjacent spinning nozzles.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field, wherein the method for electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement with uniform and strengthened electric field comprises:
step one, when all spinning nozzles are arranged on the same plane, a double-electrode mode is adopted, an electrode ring is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the tip of each spinning nozzle, and a flat plate electrode plate is placed below the spinning nozzles;
and step two, arranging a circular array of spinning nozzles in a step arrangement mode, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles of each circle to be at the same height, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles of different circles not to be at the same height, enabling the spinning nozzles to gradually rise from the inner circle to the outer circle, wrapping electrode rings on the outer side of each circle of spinning nozzles, enabling the height of each circle of electrode rings to be located in the middle position of the height difference between the tips of the bottoms of the adjacent spinning nozzles of the upper circle and the lower circle, and enabling the diameter of each electrode ring to be the middle position of the diameter difference between the adjacent spinning nozzles of the upper circle and the lower circle.
The invention also aims to provide application of the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method based on the uniform distribution and the reinforcement of the electric field in the preparation of fiber membranes.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with results, data and the like in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects are brought after the problems are solved. The specific description is as follows:
in the process of electrostatic spinning industrialization, in order to greatly improve the fiber production efficiency, a production mode of a multi-nozzle array is generally adopted. However, in the multi-nozzle array arrangement, if a common electrode application mode is adopted, the problem of uneven electric field distribution is brought, so that the defects of uneven thickness, uneven diameter distribution and the like of the fiber film are caused, the fiber film of the final product presents large-area unusable waste products, and the product quality is seriously influenced. In order to solve the problems, the invention changes the traditional integral electric field application mode into a single spray head distributed electric field application mode, or strengthens the electric field distribution circle by circle after circularly arraying the spray heads according to the uniform electric field distribution rule. The invention can greatly improve the problem of uneven electric field distribution in the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle array arrangement, strengthen the electric field intensity of the inner side distribution nozzle and improve the product quality.
Secondly, the invention emphatically solves the problem that the quality of the target product fiber membrane is not high in the electrostatic spinning industrialization, and the conventional device adopts the traditional electrode application mode, so that the yield of the product is low. The technical scheme of the invention can improve the electric field distribution and strengthen the electric field intensity of the inner side spray head, thereby improving the product quality.
Thirdly, the technical scheme of the invention can greatly promote the industrialization process of electrostatic spinning after being converted, and the problem that the poor uniformity of a fiber film is always a key and difficult point to be solved in the process of the industrialization of the electrostatic spinning from a laboratory at the present stage. The invention breaks through the thinking of the traditional electrostatic spinning in which the electrodes and the spray heads are positioned at two sides and the single large flat plate electrode and other electrode application modes, adopts the double-electrode and distributed electrode application modes, improves the distribution condition of the electric field and further improves the product quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with a rectangular array and uniform electric field distribution and reinforcement provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with a circular array for uniform electric field distribution and reinforcement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulated cloud diagram of the induced electric field intensity near the tip of the nozzle after an electrode plate under the spinning nozzle is used without using an electrode ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a simulated cloud of the induced electric field intensity near the tip of the showerhead after the above-described electrode ring and motor plate dual-electrode arrangement is employed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a simulated contour plot of induced electric field strength near the tip of a spinneret, without an electrode ring, but with an electrode plate below the spinneret, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a simulated contour plot of the induced electric field strength near the tip of the showerhead employing the above-described electrode ring and motor plate dual electrode arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of an electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method with uniform and strengthened electric field according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an inlet; 2. a flow distribution plate; 3. a spinning nozzle; 4. an electrode ring; 5. a first high-voltage electrostatic generator; 6. an electrode plate; 7. and a second high-voltage electrostatic generator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The biggest difference between the invention and the prior art is that the electrode arrangement form is different, and the method is different, and the invention is divided into two multi-nozzle arrangement modes: rectangular arrays and circular arrays.
When the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle adopts a rectangular array, the existing high-voltage electrostatic application mode is that a metal plane electrode plate 6 is placed below the nozzle at a certain distance, the electrode plate 6 is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator, the high-voltage electrostatic generator is turned on, the electrode plate 6 is electrified, the nozzle is electrified in an induction mode, and solution or melt at the tip of the nozzle is electrified in an induction mode or is polarized to form jet flow. However, due to the tip effect, the electric charges of the electrode plate 6 are mostly concentrated at the edge, and the electric field strength is large at the edge portion of the electrode plate 6. The term "spike effect" refers to a phenomenon in which, on the same charged conductor, the surface charge density of a spike portion is higher than that of a smooth portion, the electric field intensity in the vicinity of the spike is higher, and the spike is likely to discharge to the ambient air or an adjacent ground. Due to the tip effect of charge distribution, the electric field intensity of the electrode plate 6 is characterized by weak middle and strong periphery, so that the induction field intensities of the nozzles at different positions are different, the induction field intensity of the nozzle at the middle part is also weak, and the induction field intensities of the nozzles at the periphery are strong. In addition, the electrostatic shielding effect is utilized, the surrounding nozzles form a certain degree of shielding on the internal nozzles, and finally the induction field intensity distribution of the rectangular array nozzles is uneven, and for a needleless nozzle, the situation that the number of the surrounding nozzles is large, the fiber diameter is small, and the induction field intensity of the nozzle closer to the center is smaller, so that the final thickness of a fiber film is uneven, and the fiber diameter is uneven is caused. Aiming at the phenomenon of uneven distribution of electric field intensity of rectangular array arrangement of a plurality of spray heads, the invention provides the following solution:
the flow distribution plate 2 has the flow distribution function, spinning solution or melt entering from the inlet 1 flows through the flow distribution plate 2 and then is uniformly distributed on each spinning nozzle 3, the spinning nozzles 3 are arranged in a rectangular array mode, the electrode rings 4 are sleeved on each spinning nozzle 3, the whole electrode rings 4 are circular, the cross sections of the electrode rings are also circular, the diameter range of the cross sections of the electrode rings 4 is 1-10mm, the diameters of the electrode rings 4 are larger than the diameters of the spinning nozzles 3 by 4-20mm, the electrode rings 4 are arranged on the tips of the spinning nozzles 3, the distance between the centers of the electrode rings 4 and the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles 3 is 5-50mm, the electrode rings 4 and the spinning nozzles 3 are coaxially arranged, the electrode rings 4 are welded or connected together by leads, all the electrode rings 4 are positioned on the same plane, one electrode ring 4 is connected with a first high-voltage electrostatic generator 5 through leads, and the electrode plate 6 is positioned below the tips of the spinning nozzles 3, the distance between the upper surface of the electrode plate 6 and the tip end of the spinning spray head 3 is 50-200mm, the electrode plate 6 is connected with a second high-voltage electrostatic generator 7 through a lead, and the flow distribution plate 2 is grounded. And adjusting the applied voltage of the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 5 to be 5-30kV, and the applied voltage of the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 7 to be 30kV-80kV, namely the applied voltage of the second high-voltage electrostatic generator 7 is greater than the applied voltage of the first high-voltage electrostatic generator 5, so that the fibers can be ensured to be attracted by the electrode plate 6, the fibers are prevented from drifting to the electrode ring 4, and each spray head can generate 75-80 stable jet flows. When the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle rectangular array is arranged, the electrode applying mode is adopted, the induction field intensity at the tip end of each nozzle can be uniformly distributed, so that stable and uniform jet flow is generated, and the quality problems of uneven thickness of a fiber film, uneven fiber diameter distribution and the like are solved. Fig. 3 is a cloud image (the brighter the background color is, the stronger the field intensity is), which is simulated by the electric field intensity near the tip of the nozzle after the electrode plate 6 under the spinning nozzle 3 without the above-mentioned electrode ring 4, and it can be seen that the field intensity of the tip of the spinning nozzle 3 at the peripheral edge is stronger, and the induction field intensity of the tip of the spinning nozzle 3 distributed at the inner side is weakened. Fig. 4 is a simulated cloud picture of the induced electric field intensity near the tip of the nozzle after the arrangement of the electrode ring 4 and the electrode plate dual electrodes, which shows that the induced electric field intensity at the tip of the spinning nozzle 3 distributed at the inner side is greatly enhanced and the distribution uniformity of the whole electric field is greatly improved, and can prove that the beneficial effect of the invention is achieved.
When the electrostatic spinning nozzles are in a circular array, the electrode arrangement can also adopt the same application mode as the rectangular array of the spinning nozzles, namely, the tip of each spinning nozzle 3 is sleeved with an electrode ring 4, one electrode ring 4 is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator I5 through a lead, the electrode rings 4 and the spinning nozzles 3 are coaxially arranged, the electrode rings 4 are welded or connected together through leads, and all the electrode rings 4 are positioned in the same plane.
When the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle adopts a circular array, the corresponding electrode plate 6 also adopts a circular flat plate, the splitter plate 2 also has the splitting function, and the positions different from the rectangular array arrangement device comprise the height of the spinning nozzle 3 and the arrangement mode of the electrode ring 4. When the spinning nozzles 3 are in a circular array, the tips at the bottom of each circle of the spinning nozzles 3 are at the same height, but the tips at the bottom of the spinning nozzles 3 in different circles are not at the same height, the spinning nozzles 3 are gradually raised from the inner circle to the outer circle, the height difference between adjacent circles is 2-20mm, an electrode ring 4 wraps the outer side of each circle of the spinning nozzles 3, the height of each circle of the electrode ring 4 is positioned in the middle position of the height difference between the tips at the bottom of the adjacent spinning nozzles 3 in the upper circle and the lower circle, the diameter of the electrode ring 4 is the middle position of the diameter difference between the adjacent spinning nozzles 3 in the upper circle and the lower circle, the electrode rings 4 are connected together by a lead, the outermost electrode ring 4 is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator I5, compared with a rectangular array, the arrangement method can enable the induction field intensity at the tips at the bottom of the spinning nozzles 3 to be uniformly distributed on the premise of reducing the number of the electrode rings 4, can reduce the number of the electrode rings 4, and manufacture equipment, Maintenance and debugging costs. The spinning nozzle 3 of the invention is also suitable for spinning equipment such as needles and the like. 9. A method for realizing the electric field uniform distribution and enhancement electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electric field uniform distribution and enhancement electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method comprises the following steps:
the invention also provides a method for realizing the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution device for uniformly distributing and strengthening the electric field, and the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution method for uniformly distributing and strengthening the electric field comprises the following steps:
s101, when all the spinning nozzles 3 are arranged on the same plane, the spinning nozzles are arranged in a double-electrode mode, an electrode ring 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper portion of the tip of each spinning nozzle 3, and a flat plate electrode plate 6 is placed below each spinning nozzle 3;
s102, arranging the spinning nozzles 3 in a circular array in a stepped arrangement mode, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles 3 to be at the same height in each circle, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles 3 to be not at the same height in different circles, enabling the spinning nozzles 3 to be gradually raised from the inner circle to the outer circle in circles, wrapping electrode rings 4 on the outer sides of the spinning nozzles 3 in each circle, enabling the height of each electrode ring 4 to be located in the middle position of the height difference between the tips of the bottoms of the adjacent spinning nozzles 3 in the upper circle and the lower circle, and enabling the diameter of each electrode ring 4 to be the middle position of the diameter difference between the adjacent spinning nozzles 3 in the upper circle and the lower circle.
The invention also provides an application of the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method based on the electric field uniform distribution and reinforcement in the preparation of fiber membranes.
Fig. 3 and 4 are simulated cloud plots of the induced electric field strength at the tip of the spray head, with the lighter the base color representing the stronger the electric field strength. As can be seen from fig. 3, when the spinning nozzle rectangular array is adopted and a common single-plate electrode plate is adopted, the induced electric field strength near the tips of the spinning nozzles in the peripheral circle is strong, the induced electric field strength at the tips of the spinning nozzles distributed in the interior is generally weak, the induced electric field strength on the tips of the single spinning nozzles in the peripheral circle is also non-uniformly distributed, and the electric field strength of the half circle close to the periphery is strong. The uneven distribution of the electric field strength directly results in uneven distribution of the number and diameter of the fibers of the product. Fig. 4 is a cloud diagram of the induced field intensity of the tip of the nozzle after improvement, and it can be seen from the cloud diagram that the induced field intensity of the tips of all the spinning nozzles is stronger, and the distribution of the induced field intensity of the tips of the nozzles is greatly improved, that is, the induced field intensity of the tips of the nozzles becomes uniform, so that the product quality is greatly improved.
Fig. 5 and 6 are simulated contour plots of induced electric field strength at the tip of the showerhead, and the legend bar with values on the right represents the induced electric field strength values at the tip of the showerhead. As can be seen from FIG. 5, when the spinneret rectangular array is adopted and a common single-plate electrode plate is adopted, the induced electric field intensity near the tip of the outer-ring spinneret is far higher than that of the inner-distribution spinneret, which represents the uneven distribution of the electric field. After the technical scheme of the invention is improved, as can be seen from figure 6, the strength distribution of the induced electric field near the tips of the inner and outer ring spinning nozzles tends to be consistent, the field intensity value is increased by about 1 time, and the maximum value is increased from 1.84 multiplied by 10^6V/m to 3.6 multiplied by 10^6V/m, so that after the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, the strength of the electric field is greatly increased while the electric field tends to be uniformly distributed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution device with the uniformly distributed and strengthened electric field is characterized in that a spinning nozzle (3) of the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle distribution device with the uniformly distributed and strengthened electric field adopts a rectangular array or a circular array, the upper end of the spinning nozzle (3) is connected with a flow distribution plate (2) with a flow distribution function, and the top of the flow distribution plate (2) is provided with an inlet (1) for facilitating the entering of a spinning solution or a melt;
the utility model discloses a spinning shower nozzle, including spinning shower nozzle (3), the most advanced cover of spinning shower nozzle (3) is equipped with electrode ring (4), one electrode ring (4) are connected with high-voltage static generator (5) through the wire, 50mm-200mm departments in most advanced downside of spinning shower nozzle (3) are provided with plate electrode (6), plate electrode (6) are connected with high-voltage static generator two (7) through the wire, flow distribution plate (2) ground connection.
2. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 1, wherein the electrode ring (4) is circular as a whole, and the cross section of the electrode ring (4) is of a circular structure.
3. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that when the spinning nozzles (3) adopt a rectangular array, the electrode plates (6) adopt rectangular flat plates; when the spinning nozzle (3) adopts a circular array, the electrode plate (6) adopts a circular flat plate.
4. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 1, wherein the applied voltage of the first high-voltage electrostatic generator (5) is adjusted to be 5kV-30kV, and the applied voltage of the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (7) is adjusted to be 30kV-80kV, i.e. the applied voltage of the second high-voltage electrostatic generator (7) is greater than the applied voltage of the first high-voltage electrostatic generator (5).
5. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 1 is characterized in that when the spinning nozzles (3) adopt a rectangular array, the electrode rings (4) and the spinning nozzles (3) are coaxially arranged, the electrode rings (4) are welded or connected together by a lead, and all the electrode rings (4) are positioned in the same plane.
6. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter range of the cross section of the electrode ring (4) is 1mm-10mm, the diameter of the electrode ring (4) is 4mm-20mm larger than that of the spinning nozzle (3), and the distance between the center of the electrode ring (4) and the tip of the bottom of the spinning nozzle (3) is 5mm-50 mm.
7. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that when the spinning nozzles (3) adopt a circular array, the tips at the bottom of each circle of the spinning nozzles (3) are at the same height, the tips at the bottom of the spinning nozzles (3) in different circles are not at the same height, the heights of the spinning nozzles (3) from the inner circle to the outer circle are gradually increased from circle to circle, and the height difference between adjacent circles is 2mm-20 mm.
8. The electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device with uniform and strengthened electric field according to claim 7, wherein the outer side of each circle of the spinning nozzles (3) is wrapped with an electrode ring (4), the height of each circle of the electrode ring (4) is located at the middle position of the height difference of the tips at the bottoms of the upper and lower circles of the adjacent spinning nozzles (3), and the diameter of the electrode ring (4) is the middle position of the diameter difference of the upper and lower circles of the adjacent spinning nozzles (3).
9. A method for realizing the electric field uniform distribution and enhancement electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electric field uniform distribution and enhancement electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method comprises the following steps:
step one, when all spinning nozzles (3) are arranged on the same plane, a double-electrode mode is adopted, an electrode ring (4) is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the tip of each spinning nozzle (3), and a flat plate electrode plate (6) is placed below each spinning nozzle (3);
step two, arranging the spinning nozzles (3) in a circular array in a step arrangement mode, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles (3) to be at the same height, enabling the tips of the bottoms of the spinning nozzles (3) to be not at the same height in different circles, enabling the spinning nozzles (3) to be gradually raised from the inner circle to the outer circle, wrapping electrode rings (4) on the outer side of each spinning nozzle (3), enabling the heights of the electrode rings (4) to be located in the middle position of the height difference between the tips of the bottoms of the adjacent spinning nozzles (3) in the upper circle and the lower circle, and enabling the diameters of the electrode rings (4) to be in the middle position of the diameter difference between the adjacent spinning nozzles (3) in the upper circle and the lower circle.
10. An application of the electrostatic spinning multi-nozzle arrangement method based on the electric field uniform distribution and reinforcement of claim 9 in the preparation of fiber membranes.
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