CN114807793A - Heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807793A CN114807793A CN202210451909.3A CN202210451909A CN114807793A CN 114807793 A CN114807793 A CN 114807793A CN 202210451909 A CN202210451909 A CN 202210451909A CN 114807793 A CN114807793 A CN 114807793A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which comprises the following steps of carrying out aging treatment on the additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy; the aging treatment temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4-10 h. The heat treatment process can obviously improve the tensile strength of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy manufactured by the additive manufacturing process to 691MPa at most, and provides more possibility for the application of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy manufactured by the additive manufacturing process under the high-strength condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of an Al-Mg-Sc alloy.
Background
The Al-Mg-Sc aluminum alloy has high strength, good plasticity and toughness, excellent corrosion resistance and welding performance, and has very wide application prospect in the high and new technology fields of ships, aerospace industry, rocket missiles, nuclear energy and the like. The traditional aluminum alloy is manufactured by the processes of casting, forging, powder metallurgy and the like. In order to be compatible with conventional manufacturing processes, corresponding machining tools have to be developed, which increases the costs and the machining cycles.
The additive manufacturing technology can realize free design, has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, and has irreplaceable advantages in the preparation of parts in the fields of aerospace and the like. Among them, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a new additive manufacturing technology appearing in about 2000 years. The SLM technology is a manufacturing technology for obtaining high-density, high-precision and high-performance metal parts by using metal powder as a processing raw material, performing layer-by-layer cladding and accumulation of the powder spread on a metal substrate by using a laser beam with high energy density, and utilizing the characteristic of rapid cooling and forming after the metal powder is completely melted. However, a general problem faced by SLM process applications is the inevitable metallurgical defects, which adversely affect mechanical properties such as material strength.
In order to overcome the defects existing in the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing process, the mechanical property of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy needs to be improved through a heat treatment method. However, the microstructure of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy manufactured by additive manufacturing is different from that of the alloy manufactured by the traditional manufacturing process, so that the existing heat treatment mode is not suitable for the Al-Mg-Sc alloy manufactured by additive manufacturing. Today, as additive manufacturing technology becomes more mature, how to make a reasonable heat treatment system for additive manufactured products in order to obtain good texture performance is expected to make full use of the additive manufactured products in the process of processing and forming, and the method becomes a new direction for the development of the additive manufacturing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy. Through the design of the heat treatment process and parameters of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy for additive manufacturing, a high-strength Al-Mg-Sc alloy formed piece for additive manufacturing can be obtained.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which comprises the following steps of carrying out aging treatment on the additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy; the aging treatment temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4-10 h.
Preferably, the aging treatment temperature is 325-375 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4-8 h.
Preferably, the additive manufactured Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises, in weight percent: 0.6 to 0.8 percent of Sc, 4 to 4.9 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of V and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the additive manufactured Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises, in weight percent: 0.6 to 0.7 percent of Sc, 4 to 4.5 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of V, and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy forming process is a selective laser melting process.
Preferably, the selective laser melting process parameters include: the laser power 335-.
Preferably, the selective laser melting process parameters include: the laser power 375W, the scanning speed 1400mm/s, the scanning pitch 0.15mm and the layer thickness 30 μm.
Preferably, the laser energy density is 53-75J/mm 3 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the aging treatment mode is particularly adopted, the tensile strength of the additive manufactured Al-Mg-Sc alloy can be effectively improved at the aging temperature and time, the maximum tensile strength can reach 691MPa, and more possibilities are provided for the application of the additive manufactured Al-Mg-Sc alloy under high strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic representation of the sample after corrosion after aging treatment in example 1, wherein: (a) the golden phase diagram of the XOY surface, (b) the golden phase diagram of the XOZ surface;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic representation of the sample after corrosion after aging treatment in example 2, wherein: (a) the golden phase diagram of the XOY surface, (b) the golden phase diagram of the XOZ surface;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic representation of the sample after corrosion after aging treatment in example 3, wherein: (a) the golden phase diagram of the XOY surface, (b) the golden phase diagram of the XOZ surface;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic graph of the sample after ageing treatment according to example 4, showing the phase after corrosion: (a) the phase diagram of XOY plane is shown, and the phase diagram of XOZ plane is shown.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples, but these examples should be explicitly proposed for illustration, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The Al-Mg-Sc alloy forming equipment is SLM125 type selective laser melting equipment produced by Germany SLM-Solutions company, and the forming process is a selective laser melting process (SLM). The selective laser melting process is a conventional process comprising: laying Al-Mg-Sc alloy powder on a substrate to obtain a powder layer; and then scanning the powder layer by using laser under the protection of inert gas, and carrying out selective laser melting forming. The inert gas includes, but is not limited to, argon.
And (4) tensile test, namely testing the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation on a WDW-50E electronic universal tester at room temperature.
Metallographic analysis, namely polishing the heat-treated sample, then corroding the sample, and observing the microstructure of an XOY surface (the direction parallel to the substrate) and an XOZ surface (the direction vertical to the substrate) of the sample under an optical microscope; the metallographic microscope model used for the experiment was SOPTOP Shunhu BH200M positive metallographic microscope.
Example 1
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 325 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4 h.
The additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: sc 0.7%, Mg 4.5%, Zr 0.4%, Mn 0.6%, Fe 0.2%, Si 0.1%, Zn 0.15%, Cu 0.1%, Ti 0.1%, V0.05%, and the balance of Al. The particle size distribution of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy powder is 24.7-66.8 mu m; the apparent density is 1.39g/cm 3 。
The forming process parameters of the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprise: the SML technique is used for forming, the laser power is 375W, the scanning speed is 1400mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.15mm, the layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the calculated laser energy density is 59.52J/mm 3 Resulting in an SML shaped piece. The tensile strength of the obtained SML forming piece is 427MPa, the yield strength is 386MPa, and the elongation at break is 15.8%.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is 691MPa, the yield strength is 665MPa, and the elongation at break is 6.5%.
Example 2
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 325 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 8 h.
The composition, forming process and process parameters of the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is 660MPa, the yield strength is 639MPa, and the elongation at break is 6.0%.
Example 3
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 375 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4 h.
The composition, forming process and process parameters of the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is 622MPa, the yield strength is 585MPa, and the elongation at break is 8.0%.
Example 4
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 375 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 8 h.
The composition, forming process and process parameters of the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is 581MPa, the yield strength is 536MPa, and the elongation at break is 8.5%.
Comparative example 1
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 270 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 16 h.
The additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: sc 0.66%, Mg 4.5%, Zr 0.3%, Mn 0.5%, Fe 0.1%, Si 0.01%, Zn 0.2%, Cu 0.2%, Cr 0.01%, and the balance of Al.
The forming parameters of the additive manufactured Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprise: SLM technique, laser power of 200W, scanning speed of 300mm/s, scanning interval of 0.1mm, layer thickness of 50 μm, and laser energy density of 133.33J/mm 3 Resulting in a SML shaped article. The tensile strength of the obtained SML forming piece is 325MPa, the yield strength is 289MPa, and the fracture elongation is 17.3%.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is about 481MPa, the yield strength is 457MPa, and the elongation at break is about 6.2%.
Comparative example 2
A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy specifically comprises the following steps of carrying out aging treatment on an SML formed piece; the aging treatment temperature is 270 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 16 h.
The composition, forming process and process parameters of the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
After aging treatment, the tensile strength is 533MPa, the yield strength is 498MPa, and the elongation at break is 6.1%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of carrying out aging treatment on the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy; the aging treatment temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 4-10 h.
2. The heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aging treatment temperature is 325-375 ℃ and the aging treatment time is 4-8 h.
3. The heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloys according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises in weight percent: 0.6 to 0.8 percent of Sc, 4 to 4.9 percent of Mg, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of V and the balance of Al.
4. The thermal treatment process of additive manufactured ai-Mg-Sc alloy according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said additive manufactured ai-Mg-Sc alloy comprises in weight percent: 0.6 to 0.7 percent of Sc, 4 to 4.5 percent of Mg, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Zr, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of V and the balance of Al.
5. The thermal treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloys according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the additive manufacturing Al-Mg-Sc alloy forming process is a selective laser melting process.
6. The thermal treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloys according to claim 5, wherein the selective laser melting process parameters comprise: the laser power 335-375W, the scanning speed 1300-1600mm/s, the scanning interval 0.12-0.15mm and the layer thickness 25-35 μm.
7. The thermal treatment process of additive manufactured ai-Mg-Sc alloys according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said selective laser melting process parameters comprise: the laser power 375W, the scanning speed 1400mm/s, the scanning pitch 0.15mm and the layer thickness 30 μm.
8. Heat treatment process for additive manufacturing of Al-Mg-Sc alloys according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the laser energy density is 53-75J/mm 3 。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116851778A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-10-10 | 重庆大学 | High-performance magnesium rare earth alloy forming method based on laser powder bed melting super solid solution characteristic and post heat treatment process |
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| CN110681869A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-14 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing high-strength and high-toughness magnesium rare earth alloy by selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology |
| CN110724891A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment method for controlling strength and elongation of additive manufactured aluminum alloy |
| CN112048647A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Al-Si-Mg-Sc-Zr aluminum alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN113996809A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽工程大学 | Preparation process for manufacturing high-strength Al-Mg-Sc alloy material by TiB2 particle reinforced additive |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110681869A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-14 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing high-strength and high-toughness magnesium rare earth alloy by selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology |
| CN110724891A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment method for controlling strength and elongation of additive manufactured aluminum alloy |
| CN112048647A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Al-Si-Mg-Sc-Zr aluminum alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN113996809A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽工程大学 | Preparation process for manufacturing high-strength Al-Mg-Sc alloy material by TiB2 particle reinforced additive |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116851778A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-10-10 | 重庆大学 | High-performance magnesium rare earth alloy forming method based on laser powder bed melting super solid solution characteristic and post heat treatment process |
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