CN114807646A - Nickel-based alloy plate blank and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-based alloy plate blank and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807646A CN114807646A CN202210503939.4A CN202210503939A CN114807646A CN 114807646 A CN114807646 A CN 114807646A CN 202210503939 A CN202210503939 A CN 202210503939A CN 114807646 A CN114807646 A CN 114807646A
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102220197294 rs1057519261 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 102220005204 rs63750783 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a nickel-based alloy plate blank and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank comprises the following steps: (1) smelting alloy by using a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace, and casting the alloy into an ingot by die casting; (2) smelting the cast ingot in an EB furnace, and continuously casting to obtain a plate blank; (3) and carrying out homogenization heat treatment and coping treatment on the plate blank. The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy plate blank can shorten the preparation flow and the production period, improve the yield of the whole process and increase the weight of the plate blank ingot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a nickel-based alloy plate blank and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nickel-based alloy has excellent high-temperature mechanical property and corrosion resistance, is widely applied to the fields of petrochemical industry, key equipment and the like, and is an indispensable material for economic construction and national defense and military industry. For nickel-based alloy plates and coiled materials, the current production process flow is as follows: a vacuum induction furnace (electric furnace), an electroslag remelting (vacuum consumable) round ingot, a forging cogging flat ingot and a plate (coiled material) are rolled; or a vacuum induction furnace (electric furnace), electroslag remelting slab ingot, cogging and plate (coiled material) rolling. The production process has long flow, and the plate blank preparation needs a plurality of fire times, the time is long, and the full-line yield is low. And in order to ensure the comprehensive performance of the product, the nickel-based alloy is produced by adopting a duplex process, and the comprehensive quality of the single-process smelting product cannot reach the duplex level and can only be used for low-end application. And the weight of the finally obtained flat ingot is generally less than 6 tons due to the characteristics of steel grades and equipment conditions, so that the coil weight of subsequent coiled materials is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nickel-based alloy plate blank and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Specifically, the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting alloy by using a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace, and casting the alloy into an ingot by die casting;
(2) smelting the cast ingot in an EB furnace, and continuously casting to obtain a plate blank;
(3) and carrying out homogenization heat treatment and coping treatment on the plate blank.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, the smelting speed of the EB furnace is 550-700 kg/h.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, titanium powder is uniformly added on the metal liquid surface in the smelting process of the EB furnace.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, the addition amount of the titanium powder is 0.05-0.1% of the total smelting weight of the alloy.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy slab, the homogenizing heat treatment comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 1220 and 1240 ℃ for 48 to 56 hours, then cooling the furnace to be below 900 ℃, and cooling the furnace by air.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, the surface grinding rate of the grinding treatment is 2.5% -3.5%.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, when the nickel-based alloy plate blank does not contain W, Mo or Nb, the side surface of the plate blank does not need to be polished; when the nickel-based alloy slab contains W, Mo or Nb element, the thinning amount of the side surface of the slab is 3-5 mm.
According to the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank, before the ingot is placed into an EB furnace for smelting, the feeding cap opening at the head of the ingot is cut off, and the surface is polished to expose the metallic luster.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a nickel-based alloy plate blank which is prepared by the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank.
The steel grade of the nickel-based alloy slab comprises: n06625, N07718, N10276, N06600.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the nickel-based alloy plate blank preparation method can shorten the preparation flow and the production period, improve the yield of the whole process and increase the weight of a plate blank ingot;
(2) the mechanical property, the corrosion property and the like of the plate produced by the nickel-based alloy plate blank are equivalent to those of the traditional process, and the nickel-based alloy plate blank has obvious competitiveness.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention. The process of the present invention employs conventional methods or apparatus in the art, except as described below. The following noun terms have meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
The terms "the," "said," "an," and "an" as used herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item. The terms "preferred", "more preferred", and the like, refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
When a range of values is disclosed herein, the range is considered to be continuous and includes both the minimum and maximum values of the range, as well as each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. Further, when multiple range-describing features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a nickel-based alloy plate blank, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting alloy by using a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace, and casting the alloy into an ingot by die casting;
(2) smelting the cast ingot in an EB furnace, and continuously casting to obtain a plate blank;
(3) and carrying out homogenization heat treatment and coping treatment on the plate blank.
The nickel-based alloy plate blank is prepared by adopting a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace and an EB furnace (namely, a vacuum electron beam cold hearth furnace), compared with the traditional process, the nickel-based alloy plate blank can be prepared by a large single-weight plate blank (more than 8 tons), the yield of the smelting and blank making process is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional process, the preparation period is shortened, the production of large single-weight plates and coiled materials can be realized, the quality of rolled products is in the same level as that of the traditional process, and the nickel-based alloy plate blank has obvious competitiveness.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for preparing a nickel-based alloy slab of the present invention comprises:
(1) and smelting alloy by using a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace, and casting the alloy into an ingot by die casting.
Wherein the shape of the ingot is round, flat or square.
Wherein, the alloy smelting in a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace is the first smelting, and various alloy raw materials are melted into ingots to prepare for secondary remelting.
Wherein, the alloy smelting in the air induction furnace or the electric furnace can be carried out according to the conventional method, and the invention is not particularly limited.
(2) And smelting the cast ingot in an EB furnace, and continuously casting to obtain a plate blank.
Preferably, before the ingot is placed into an EB furnace for smelting, the feeding cap opening at the head of the ingot is cut off, and the surface is polished to expose the metallic luster. Therefore, the impurities or impurities solidified on the surface of molten steel and at the ingot cap opening in the ingot casting solidification process are removed.
Wherein, the smelting speed of the EB furnace is related to the complexity degree of an alloy component system, and the more complex the alloy component system is, the lower the smelting speed is. Preferably, the smelting speed of the EB furnace is 550-700kg/h, and the vacuum degree is maintained to be less than or equal to 5 Pa.
In order to further improve the purity of the alloy, titanium powder is uniformly added on the metal liquid surface in the smelting process of the EB furnace to react with oxygen and nitrogen in molten steel, so that the alloy is better degassed. Preferably, the addition amount of the titanium powder is 0.05-0.1% of the total smelting weight of the alloy.
The invention is especially suitable for the production of nickel-based alloy with complex component system and high alloy content.
(3) And carrying out homogenization heat treatment and coping treatment on the plate blank.
Wherein the homogenizing heat treatment comprises: keeping the temperature at 1220 and 1240 ℃ for 48 to 56 hours, then cooling the furnace to be below 900 ℃, and cooling the furnace by air.
During solidification of the slab, elements such as Mo and Nb segregate. The invention can eliminate element segregation and dissolve harmful phases back by performing high-temperature homogenization heat treatment, thereby improving the thermoplasticity of the plate blank and preventing forging or rolling cracking.
Wherein the surface grinding rate of the grinding treatment is 2.5-3.5%, and whether the side surface needs grinding or the grinding amount is determined according to the steel grade.
Preferably, when the nickel-based alloy slab does not contain W, Mo or Nb, the side surfaces of the slab do not need to be ground.
When the nickel-based alloy slab contains W, Mo or Nb, a brittle hard layer is formed due to the enrichment of W, Mo or Nb on the surface during smelting, and the segregation-enriched layer needs to be ground off in order to prevent rolling cracking. Preferably, the grinding amount of the side surface of the slab is 3-5 mm.
Preferably, the edge of the polished casting blank is chamfered so as to avoid rolling cracking caused by too fast heat dissipation of the corner during rolling.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a nickel-based alloy plate blank which is prepared by the preparation method of the nickel-based alloy plate blank.
The steel grade of the nickel-based alloy slab comprises but is not limited to N06625, N07718, N10276 and N06600.
In a preferred embodiment, taking the nickel-based alloy as an example of N06625, the standard composition control range is as follows:
the composition control standard is referred to ASME SB-443 or ASME SB-446.
The N06625 alloy plate produced by the traditional process has the following comprehensive properties:
room temperature mechanics: yield strength R p0.2 Between 400-550MPa, tensile strength R m Between 820 and 950MPa and the elongation is between 40 and 65 percent.
High temperature mechanics (700 ℃): yield strength R p0.2 Between 200-280MPa, tensile strength R m Between 500 and 580 MPa.
Corrosion performance: the corrosion rate of the ASTM G48A method (50-72 h) is between 0.5 and 3.0G/m 2 (minimum requirement is less than or equal to 4g/m 2 ) (ii) a Carrying out corrosion by an ASTM A262C method, wherein the average value of the corrosion rate of 5 periods is between 0.03 and 0.06 mm/month (the minimum requirement is less than or equal to 0.06 mm/month); the corrosion rate of the ASTM G28A method is between 0.3 and 1.0 mm/year (the standard has no special judgment requirement).
The performance test result of the N06625 alloy plate prepared by the nickel-based alloy plate blank preparation method is as follows:
(1) room temperature mechanics: yield strength R p0.2 437- m 876-889MPa, and has an elongation of 62-59%;
(2) high temperature mechanics (700 ℃): yield strength R p0.2 235- m ＝534-550MPa；
(3) Corrosion performance: ASTM G48A method (50-72 h) ═ 0.8-0.9G/m 2 (ii) a Average value of 5 cycle corrosion rate by ASTM A262C method0.02-0.03 mm/month; the corrosion rate of ASTM G28A method is 0.4-0.5 mm/year.
The comparison shows that the mechanical property, the corrosion property and the like of the plate produced by the nickel-based alloy plate blank are equivalent to those of the traditional process, and the plate has obvious competitiveness.
Examples
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Experimental procedures without specifying specific conditions were carried out in the following examples, according to conventional methods and conditions.
Example 1
The N06625 alloy is smelted by adopting a vacuum induction furnace smelting mode, and the components are shown in the table. And (4) polishing the surface of the cast ingot to leak metal luster, and cutting off a head feeding cap opening. And placing the processed cast ingot in a smelting chamber of an EB furnace, and starting smelting at the smelting speed of 610kg/h and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5 Pa. Titanium powder is uniformly added on the liquid surface of the metal in the whole smelting process, and the actual addition amount is 0.06 percent of the total smelting weight of the smelting alloy. The control obtains the specification of a slab of 210mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 5100mm, and the weight is about 9.4 tons. The slab is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the schedule is 1220-48 h. The homogenized slab is subjected to surface grinding, the surface grinding rate is 2.8%, the side face of the slab is ground, the actual grinding amount is 4mm, and the edge of the ground casting blank is chamfered.
And rolling the plate blank, carrying out heat treatment on the plate blank, and carrying out performance test. The results were:
room temperature mechanics: yield strength R p0.2 462MPa tensile strength R m 889MPa, elongation 59%.
High temperature mechanics (700 ℃): yield strength R p0.2 240MPa tensile strength R m ＝550MPa。
Corrosion performance: ASTM G48A method (50-72 h) ═ 0.8G/m 2 (ii) a ASTM A262C method 5 cycle corrosion rate average 0.03 mm/month; corrosion rate by ASTM G28A method0.4 mm/year.
Example 2
The N06625 alloy is smelted by adopting a vacuum induction furnace smelting mode, and the components are shown in the table. And (4) polishing the surface of the cast ingot to leak metal luster, and cutting off a head feeding cap opening. And placing the processed cast ingot in a smelting chamber of an EB furnace, and starting smelting at the smelting speed of 620kg/h and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5 Pa. Titanium powder is uniformly added on the liquid surface of the metal in the whole smelting process, and the actual addition amount is 0.05 percent of the total smelting weight of the smelting alloy. The control obtains the specification of the slab of 210mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 4980mm and the weight is about 9.2 tons. The plate blank is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the system is 1230-48 h. The homogenized slab is subjected to surface grinding, the surface grinding rate is 2.5%, the side face of the slab is ground, the actual grinding amount is 3mm, and the edge of the ground casting blank is chamfered.
And rolling the plate blank, carrying out heat treatment on the plate blank, and carrying out performance test. The results were:
room temperature mechanics: yield strength R p0.2 437MPa, tensile strength R m 876MPa, elongation 62%.
High temperature mechanics (700 ℃): yield strength R p0.2 235MPa, tensile strength R m ＝549MPa。
Corrosion performance: ASTM G48A method (50-72 h) ═ 0.9G/m 2 (ii) a ASTM A262C method 5 cycle corrosion rate average 0.03 mm/month; the corrosion rate of ASTM G28A method is 0.5 mm/year.
Example 3
The N06625 alloy is smelted by adopting a vacuum induction furnace smelting mode, and the components are shown in the table. And (4) polishing the surface of the cast ingot to leak metal luster, and cutting off a head feeding cap opening. And placing the processed cast ingot in a smelting chamber of an EB furnace, and starting smelting at a smelting speed of 650kg/h and a vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5 Pa. Titanium powder is uniformly added on the liquid surface of the metal in the whole smelting process, and the actual addition amount is 0.05 percent of the total smelting weight of the smelting alloy. The control obtains the plate blank specification of 210mm multiplied by 1550mm multiplied by 4750mm, and the weight is about 13 tons. The plate blank is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the system is 1230-50 h. The homogenized slab is subjected to surface grinding, the surface grinding rate is 2.8%, the side face of the slab is ground, the actual grinding amount is 5mm, and the edge of the ground casting blank is chamfered.
And rolling the plate blank, carrying out heat treatment on the plate blank, and carrying out performance test. The results were:
room temperature mechanics: yield strength R p0.2 455MPa tensile Strength R m 897MPa, elongation 57%.
High temperature mechanics (700 ℃): yield strength R p0.2 239MPa, tensile strength R m ＝534MPa。
Corrosion performance: ASTM G48A method (50-72 h) ═ 0.8G/m 2 (ii) a ASTM A262C method 5 cycle corrosion rate average 0.02 mm/month; the corrosion rate of ASTM G28A method is 0.5 mm/year.
The present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing in terms of preferred embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that all changes and substitutions that are equivalent to these embodiments are deemed to be within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a nickel-based alloy slab is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) smelting alloy by using a vacuum induction furnace or an electric furnace, and casting the alloy into an ingot by die casting;
(2) smelting the cast ingot in an EB furnace, and continuously casting to obtain a plate blank;
(3) and carrying out homogenization heat treatment and coping treatment on the plate blank.
2. The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the smelting speed of the EB furnace is 550-700 kg/h.
3. The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein titanium powder is uniformly added on the surface of the molten metal in the smelting process of the EB furnace.
4. The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy slab as claimed in claim 3, wherein the titanium powder is added in an amount of 0.05-0.1% of the total smelting weight of the alloy.
5. The method for producing nickel-base alloy slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that the homogenizing heat treatment comprises: keeping the temperature at 1220 and 1240 ℃ for 48-56h, then cooling the furnace to below 900 ℃ and cooling the furnace by air.
6. The method for producing nickel-base alloy slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface thinning rate of the thinning treatment is between 2.5% and 3.5%.
7. The method for producing nickel-based alloy slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that when the nickel-based alloy slab does not contain W, Mo or Nb, the slab sides do not need to be ground; when the nickel-based alloy slab contains W, Mo or Nb, the thinning amount of the side face of the slab is 3-5 mm.
8. The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the ingot is placed into an EB furnace for smelting, a feeding cap at the head of the ingot is cut off, and the surface of the ingot is polished to expose the metallic luster.
9. A nickel-based alloy slab, characterized by being produced by the method for producing a nickel-based alloy slab according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Nickel-base alloy slab according to claim 9, characterized in that the steel grade of the nickel-base alloy slab comprises: n06625, N07718, N10276, N06600.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116555604A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-08 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Ni-Cr-Fe alloy and method for improving corrosion resistance of plate thereof |
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