CN114806227A - Composite non-stick material, cooking utensil comprising composite non-stick material and preparation method of cooking utensil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material and a preparation method of the cooking utensil. The composite non-stick material comprises: non-stick coatings and hard materials; the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, and the particle size of the first scale particles is less than or equal to that of the second scale particles; based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is less than or equal to 20%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is less than or equal to 15%. The composite non-stick material has high strength and abrasion resistance, can improve the lasting non-stick property of a non-stick layer of a cooking utensil, can enhance the abrasion resistance, and can relieve the problems of non-wear resistance or easy scratch damage and the like of the existing non-stick coating.

Description

Composite non-stick material, cooking utensil comprising composite non-stick material and preparation method of cooking utensil

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material and a preparation method of the cooking utensil.

Background

In recent years, with rapid development of economy and continuous improvement of living standards of people, the demand for non-stick appliances is higher and higher, and thus, there is a need for improvement of the use performance of non-stick materials in the related art.

In the prior non-stick technology, the non-stick material for cookers generally comprises fluorine-containing paint, ceramic paint and organic silicon resin, and the three are mainly coated on the inner surface of a pot body in a spraying mode to prepare a non-stick coating. Although the initial non-stick effect of the existing non-stick material is good, the existing non-stick material is difficult to achieve a long-term non-stick effect; or the existing non-stick coating has fast hardness reduction at high temperature in the using process and is easy to generate the phenomenon of 'back sticking'. In addition, the existing non-stick coating with the surface being tens of microns thick is easily worn, scratched and polluted in the using process, so that the non-stick property is reduced until the non-stick coating fails, and the service life is short.

Therefore, there is still a need for improvement of the existing non-stick material for non-stick implements and non-stick implements to make the non-stick performance of the non-stick implements more durable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a composite non-stick material, a cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material and a preparation method of the composite non-stick material, which can improve the lasting non-stick property of the cooking utensil and can relieve the defects of easy scratching, breakage and short non-stick service life of the non-stick cooking utensil in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite non-stick material comprising:

non-stick coatings and hard materials;

the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, and the particle size of the first scale particles is less than or equal to that of the second scale particles;

based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is less than or equal to 20%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is less than or equal to 15%.

According to the composite non-stick material provided by the application, on one hand, the non-stick coating in the composite non-stick material enables the composite non-stick material to have non-stick performance; and because the hard material has the characteristics of stable structure, high hardness and high mechanical strength, after the non-stick coating is added, the stability, the hardness and the strength of the non-stick material are improved, namely, the hard materials with different particle sizes are added into the non-stick coating, a composite system similar to a concrete structure can be formed, the strength of the non-stick material can be increased, and the composite non-stick material has the characteristics of hardness and iron shovel resistance while being non-stick. On the other hand, the added hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles with different particle sizes, the second scale particles with larger particle sizes can be used as coarse aggregates to play a role in protection, the first scale particles with smaller particle sizes can be used as fine aggregates to play a role in strengthening a coating, the non-stick coating can be used as a non-stick adhesive to play a role in non-sticking and coating curing, and further the composite non-stick material system has a similar concrete structure.

For the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is not higher than 20%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is not higher than 15%, so that the effect of a protective coating or a reinforced coating of the hard material particles of each scale can be fully exerted, the film forming performance of the material can be improved, the compactness of the coating is proper, and the influence on the film forming performance or the non-stick performance caused by the introduction of too many hard material particles of different scales is avoided.

In one possible implementation, the first-scale particles have a particle size of 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and the second-scale particles have a particle size of 5 μm to 30 μm.

The use of the first-scale particles and the second-scale particles in the above-described particle size range contributes to cost reduction and ensures the surface or use state of the coating. If the hard material adopts powder particles with the particle size less than 0.5 mu m, the powder preparation cost is increased, and the preparation process is complex; if the hard material adopts powder particles with the particle size of more than 30 mu m, the roughness of the inner surface of the finally obtained appliance is larger, the whole non-sticking effect is influenced, and the use experience of consumers is finally influenced.

In a possible implementation manner, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5% to 15%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 2% to 10%.

In the composite non-stick material, the content of the added hard materials with various particle sizes needs to be in a proper range, if the content of the added hard materials is too small, the effect of a protective coating or a strengthening coating is not obvious, and if the content of the added hard materials is too large, the binding force of the non-stick coating can be influenced, and the non-stick effect is influenced.

In one possible implementation, the hard material includes at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, and zirconium carbide.

In one possible implementation, the hard material is tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide is adopted, the strength and the hardness of the composite non-stick material are improved, the non-stick material has the characteristics of hardness, iron shovel resistance and the like while being non-stick, and in addition, the tungsten carbide is wide in source, easy to obtain and low in cost.

In one possible implementation, the non-stick coating includes at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, and a silicone resin.

In one possible implementation, the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating.

In one possible implementation, the ceramic coating includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane and nanosilica.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooking appliance comprising:

an appliance body; and

a non-stick layer formed on a surface of the appliance body, the non-stick layer comprising a composite non-stick material as described above.

In one possible implementation, the cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

(a) the thickness of the non-stick layer is 50-100 μm;

(b) the manner of forming the non-stick layer includes air spraying.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein the non-stick layer is coated on the surface of the appliance body by means of air spraying by using the composite non-stick material.

In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

(c) the manufacturing method further includes a step of pretreating the appliance body before forming the non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body, the step of pretreating the appliance body including: cleaning, sand blasting and preheating the tool body in sequence, wherein the pressure of compressed air for sand blasting is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the preheating temperature is 40-50 ℃;

(d) the operating conditions of the air spraying satisfy at least one of the following:

the spraying distance is 150 mm-170 mm;

the air pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4 MPa;

the flow rate is 6L/min to 10L/min;

(e) the preparation method also comprises the step of surface drying the non-stick layer after air spraying, wherein the surface drying temperature is 85-100 ℃, and the time is 10-15 min;

(f) the thickness of the non-stick layer is 50-100 μm.

The cooking utensil and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention comprise the composite non-stick material, so that at least all the characteristics and advantages of the composite non-stick material are achieved, and the details are not repeated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooking appliance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a non-stick layer provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic temperature rise curve of sintering provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a cooking appliance;

10-an appliance body;

11-a non-stick layer;

111-non-stick coating;

112-hard material;

1121-first scale particles;

1122-second-scale particles.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on the technical solutions and the given embodiments provided in the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be obtained by combining the individual values, or by combining the individual values.

It is noted that, herein, a list of items linked by the term "at least one of", or other similar term can mean any combination of the listed items. For example, if item A, B is listed, the phrase "at least one of A, B" means only a; only B; or A and B.

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and meet the requirements of the existing market, the embodiment of the invention provides a composite non-stick material with a long non-stick life, a cooking utensil and a preparation method of the cooking utensil, so that the strength and hardness of the non-stick material and a corresponding non-stick coating are obviously improved, the formed non-stick coating has a certain function of a hard-resistant device (such as an iron shovel), the non-stick service life is prolonged, the problem that the existing non-stick material is poor in lasting non-stick property is solved, and the service life of the cooking utensil product is prolonged.

Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, 2, there is provided a composite non-stick material comprising:

non-stick coating 111 and hard material 112;

the hard material 112 comprises first scale particles 1121 and second scale particles 1122, the particle size of the first scale particles 1121 being less than or equal to the particle size of the second scale particles 1122;

based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage content of the first scale particles 1121 is less than or equal to 20%, and the mass percentage content of the second scale particles 1122 is less than or equal to 15%.

The composite non-stick material provided by the embodiment of the invention is a composite material, is a hard non-stick material system, and has the characteristics of better comprehensive performance, wear resistance, high strength and high hardness compared with the existing non-stick material through the mutual matching and supporting of the functions of the raw materials of the non-stick coating 111 and the hard material 112 or the mutual restriction and matching of the raw material proportions, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance and the like while being non-stick, and can achieve the effect of lasting non-stick, thereby relieving the problem of reduction of the non-stick property caused by the existing non-stick coating that the existing non-stick coating is not wear-resistant or is easy to scratch and damage or is easy to be worn by a hard device (such as an iron shovel), and improving the non-stick service life of the non-stick material.

On the one hand, the non-stick coating 111 in the composite non-stick material enables the composite non-stick material to have non-stick performance; and because the hard material 112 has the characteristics of stable structure, high hardness and high mechanical strength, after the non-stick coating 111 is added, the stability, hardness and strength of the non-stick material are improved, namely, the hard material 112 with different particle sizes is added into the non-stick coating 111, a composite system similar to a concrete structure can be formed, the strength of the composite non-stick material can be increased, and the non-stick material has the characteristics of hardness and iron shovel resistance while being non-stick. On the other hand, the added hard material 112 includes first scale particles 1121 and second scale particles 1122 with different particle sizes, the second scale particles 1122 with a larger particle size can be used as coarse aggregate to play a role in protection, the first scale particles 1121 with a smaller particle size can be used as fine aggregate to play a role in strengthening a coating, and the non-stick coating 111 can be used as a non-stick adhesive to play a role in non-sticking and coating curing, so that the composite non-stick material system has a similar concrete structure, and a coating formed by the composite non-stick material has higher strength and surface hardness and has a certain iron shovel resistance function while being non-stick.

In addition, the hard material 112 has high hardness and high mechanical strength, can slow down abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use, and the hard material 112 also has non-stick performance and meets the non-stick mechanism. Therefore, even if the non-stick coating 111 in the composite non-stick material falls off due to aging or long-term use, the hard material 112 in the composite non-stick material can still exert the non-stick performance and can delay abrasion, so that the cooking utensil can still have the non-stick effect for a long time, the durability of the cooking utensil is effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.

For the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles 1121 is not higher than 20%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles 1122 is not higher than 15%, so that the effect of a protective coating or a reinforced coating of hard material particles of each scale can be fully exerted, the film forming performance of the material can be improved, the compactness of the coating is proper, and the influence on the film forming performance or the non-stick performance due to the introduction of too many hard material particles of different scales is avoided.

Herein, percentages, ratios or parts referred to are by mass unless otherwise indicated. For example, 2% to 10%, may be expressed as 2% to 10% by weight. All references to percentages (including mass percentages) in the present invention are to the total mass of the composition, unless otherwise specified. That is, the percentages (%) both refer to mass percentages relative to the composition.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the first scale particles 1121 may have a submicron size, the second scale particles 1122 may have a micron size, the first scale particles 1121 have a size not greater than that of the second scale particles 1122, and the sizes of the first scale particles 1121 and the second scale particles 1122 tend to increase in steps. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first scale particles 1121 have a particle size ranging from 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and typically, but not by way of limitation, the first scale particles 1121 can have a particle size of, for example, 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, and any value in the range of any two of these points; the second-scale particles 1122 have a particle size in a range of 5 μm to 30 μm, and typically, but not by way of limitation, the second-scale particles 1122 may have a particle size of, for example, 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, 22 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, or any value in a range of any two of these points.

The use of the first and second scale particles 1121, 1122 within the above-described particle size range helps to reduce costs and ensure the surface or use state of the coating. On one hand, if the hard material adopts powder particles with the particle size less than 0.5 μm, the powder preparation cost is increased, and the preparation process is complex; on the other hand, if the hard material adopts powder particles with the particle size of more than 30 μm, the roughness of the inner surface of the finally obtained appliance is larger, the whole non-sticking effect is influenced, and the use experience of consumers is finally influenced.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the hard material particle size includes, but is not limited to, the first-scale particles and the second-scale particles, for example, in other embodiments, the hard material may further include third-scale particles or fourth-scale particles. Illustratively, the hard material includes first-scale particles, second-scale particles, and third-scale particles, wherein the particle sizes of the first-scale particles, the second-scale particles, and the third-scale particles tend to increase stepwise, or the particle sizes of the third-scale particles, the first-scale particles, and the second-scale particles tend to increase stepwise, and will not be described in detail herein.

In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5% to 15%, for example, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, and any value in the range of any two of these points, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material; the second scale particles may be present in an amount of 2% to 10% by mass, and may be present in an amount of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% by mass or any value in the range defined by any two of these values.

In the composite non-stick material, the content of the added hard materials with various particle sizes needs to be in a proper range, if the content of the added hard materials is too small, the effect of a protective coating or a strengthening coating is not obvious, and if the content of the added hard materials is too large, the binding force of the non-stick coating can be influenced, and the non-stick effect is influenced. Therefore, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is within the range of 5-15%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is within the range of 2-10%, so that the non-stick coating and the hard material can be more favorably and fully cooperated, the non-stick coating and the hard material can be efficiently cooperated, abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use can be reduced, better abrasion resistance and non-stick effect can be achieved, and the function of prolonging the non-stick service life can be achieved.

The specific type of hard material may be varied while satisfying the need to increase the strength, hardness, etc. of the composite non-stick material. In particular, in some embodiments, the hard material comprises at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, or zirconium carbide. For example, the hard material may be tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, zirconium carbide, or a mixture of any two or more of the above hard materials in any proportion.

In addition, in other embodiments, the hard material is not limited to the above-listed ones, and other types of hard materials, such as oxides like zirconia or the like, or nitrides or carbides like these, may be used in the case of satisfying the requirements of increasing the strength, hardness, etc. of the composite non-stick material, and will not be described in detail herein.

In some specific embodiments, the hard material is tungsten carbide (WC).

The hard materials such as tungsten carbide and boron nitride, especially tungsten carbide, are adopted, which is more beneficial to improving the strength and hardness of the composite non-stick material, so that the non-stick material has the characteristics of hard iron shovel resistance and the like while being non-stick, and in addition, the source is wide, the acquisition is easy, and the cost is lower.

The non-stick coating in the composite non-stick material can adopt various common non-stick coatings such as the existing non-stick fluorine coating, the existing non-stick ceramic coating or the existing organic silicon resin. For example, the ceramic coating may be a common commercial ceramic coating formulation.

In some embodiments, the non-stick coating includes at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, or a silicone resin. The non-stick coating can be a ceramic coating, a fluorine-containing coating, a silicone resin, or a mixture of any two or more of the non-stick coatings in any proportion.

In some embodiments, the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating. Specifically, in some embodiments, the ceramic coating includes at least one of polymethylsiloxane or nanosilica. More specifically, in some embodiments, the ceramic coating has a majority of polymethylsiloxane and nanosilica. The ceramic coating has certain non-stick performance.

The specific components and sources of the ceramic coating in the embodiments of the present invention are not limited, and various ceramic coatings known or commonly used in the art may be used, and commercially available ceramic coatings may be used or may be prepared by themselves. Particularly, after the ceramic coating containing the polymethylsiloxane or the nano silicon dioxide is matched with a hard material, better abrasion-resistant and non-stick effects can be achieved, the comprehensive performance of the composite non-stick material can be improved, and the cooking utensil can obtain more durable non-stick property.

The preparation method of the composite non-stick material is simple to operate and easy to prepare; for example, the non-stick coating can be uniformly mixed with hard materials with different particle sizes to obtain the composite non-stick material.

In a specific embodiment, the present application also provides a method for preparing a composite non-stick material, the method comprising:

hard materials (powder) of different particle sizes are added to a non-stick coating, such as a ceramic coating, to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is put on a curing machine to be mixed for about 0.5 hour to obtain a uniformly mixed composite non-stick material. Notably, the resulting uniformly mixed composite non-stick material required use within 1 hour.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application also provides a cooking appliance 1, which includes:

an appliance body 10; and

the non-stick layer 11 is formed on the surface of the appliance body 10, and the non-stick layer 11 comprises the composite non-stick material.

The cooking device 1 may be various conventional cooking devices, such as a non-stick pan, a frying pan, a deep fryer, an air fryer, a pan, an electric pressure cooker, an electric cooker, a pressure cooker, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a specific type of cooking device.

According to the embodiment of the application, by improving the components of the non-stick layer 11 of the cooking utensil 1, namely, the cooking utensil 1 comprises the composite non-stick material disclosed by the invention, the non-stick layer 11 has good non-stick performance, and has the characteristics of wear resistance, high strength, high hardness and the like, the cooking utensil 1 can be endowed with lasting non-stick property, the non-stick service life of the cooking utensil 1 is prolonged, and the experience of consumers is promoted.

In the cooking utensil, the utensil body comprises an inner surface and an outer surface which are oppositely arranged, and in some cases, the non-stick layer can be formed on the inner surface of the utensil body; or in other cases, the non-stick layer may be formed on both the inner and outer surfaces of the appliance body.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the non-stick layer 11 is 50 μm to 100 μm. Further, the particle diameter may be 50 to 90 μm, further 60 to 80 μm; typically, but not by way of limitation, the thickness of the non-stick layer can be, for example, any value in the range of 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, and any two of these values. Within the thickness range of the non-stick layer, the non-stick layer can be prevented from being worn out easily in the long-term use process due to being too thin, the service life is not long enough, and the non-stick layer can be prevented from being easily sagging due to being too thick, so that the thickness of the non-stick layer is not uniform.

In some embodiments, the roughness of the non-stick layer ranges from 3 μm to 6 μm, and further may range from 3.5 μm to 5.5 μm. Within the range, the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating can be ensured, and the coating can have better wear resistance.

In some embodiments, the non-stick layer is a sprayed layer, and further may be an air sprayed layer.

In some embodiments, the means of forming the non-stick layer comprises air spraying. The composite non-stick material is sprayed on the inner surface of the appliance body in an air spraying mode to form a non-stick layer. Further, a composite non-stick material comprising a non-stick coating and a hard material can be prepared, and then the composite non-stick material is arranged on the tool body, so that a non-stick layer can be obtained, namely, the non-stick layer is formed by coating the composite non-stick material.

According to product requirements, the appliance body can be made of a single-layer material or can be of a multi-layer composite sheet structure, the material or specific layer number of the appliance body is not limited in the embodiment of the application, and the non-stick layer can be attached to a base material commonly used in the field, such as metal or ceramic. For example, the material of the appliance body includes, but is not limited to, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, copper alloys, carbon steel, stainless steel, iron, and composite sheets thereof with other metals.

Among the above-mentioned cooking utensil, the material of utensil body can have multiple selection, has richened the selection variety of the material of utensil body. For example, in some embodiments, the composite non-stick material may be directly coated on a metal substrate compounded by one or more of aluminum/aluminum alloy, copper/copper alloy, titanium/titanium alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel and iron-based material, that is, the composite non-stick material is disposed on the surface of the appliance body and contacts with the appliance body to form a non-stick layer. The non-stick coating is excellent in wear resistance, non-stick property and non-stick durability, can solve the problem that the existing non-stick coating is short in non-stick durability and can greatly prolong the service life of a product.

In some embodiments, there is also provided a method of preparing a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein the non-stick layer is coated on the surface of the appliance body by means of air spraying by using the composite non-stick material.

In the preparation method, the non-stick layer is formed on the surface of the appliance body by utilizing the air spraying mode commonly used in the field, and the method is simple to operate, easy to implement and easy to realize large-scale production. Meanwhile, the non-stick layer comprises the composite non-stick material containing the non-stick coating and the hard materials with different particle sizes, and as can be seen from the description of the composite non-stick material, the prepared non-stick layer is excellent in performance, high in strength and surface hardness, capable of relieving abrasion and scratch caused by long-term use, and durable in non-stick property and the like.

In addition, in the preparation method, the non-stick layer is formed in a mode including but not limited to air spraying, and other coating methods known in the art can be adopted on the premise of not influencing the use performance of the composite non-stick material.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the cooking utensil and the preparation method thereof of the present invention are based on the same inventive concept as the composite non-stick material, and the features and advantages described above for the composite non-stick material are also applicable to the cooking utensil comprising the composite non-stick material and the preparation method thereof, and are not described in detail herein.

In the forming mode of the non-stick layer, the air spraying is a technology of atomizing the coating by compressed air for spraying, and has the advantages of simple method, easy control, high feasibility, good reliability, high production efficiency and the like.

In one embodiment of the invention, in actual production, the composite non-stick material of the invention is used in a cooking utensil to form a non-stick cooking utensil; the preparation method of the cooking utensil containing the composite non-stick material comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) preparing the composite non-stick material.

Hard materials (powder) with different particle sizes are added into a non-stick coating, such as a ceramic coating, to obtain a mixture, then the mixture is put on a curing machine to be mixed for about 0.5 hour to obtain a uniformly mixed composite non-stick material, and the obtained uniformly mixed composite non-stick material needs to be used within 1 hour.

(2) The appliance body is pretreated.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the appliance body is pretreated, including: the tool body is sequentially cleaned, sandblasted and preheated.

In the method of the present invention, the pretreatment method of the device body is not particularly limited, and a method known to those skilled in the art can be used. For example, the body of the metal substrate is degreased or the surface of the body is roughened to increase the contact area between the coating and the surface of the body. The roughening may be performed by, for example, acid washing, alkali washing, sand blasting, sand grinding, etc., and various methods commonly used in the art may be used.

In some specific embodiments, the cleaning may be performed by first removing oil with an alkaline cleaning solution, then rinsing with clean water, and drying. The sand blasting can adopt brown corundum with about 46 meshes, and the compressed air pressure of the sand blasting is 0.1 MPa-0.2 MPa. After the sand blasting is finished, the appliance is prevented from being preheated in a drying furnace until the surface temperature of the appliance body is 40-50 ℃. Therefore, the non-stick layer is more favorable for preparing the non-stick layer by subsequent spraying, and the production efficiency is improved.

(3) A non-stick layer was prepared.

Taking the non-stick paint as an example of the ceramic paint, when the non-stick layer is formed on the surface of the appliance body by using the air spraying method, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

after the surface of the appliance body is preheated to a specified temperature range, uniformly spraying the coating non-stick material on the surface of the appliance body by using an air spray gun, wherein the spraying distance is 150-170 mm, and further can be 155-165 mm; the air pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4MPa, and further 0.25MPa to 0.35 MPa; the flow rate is 6L/min to 10L/min, and further may be 7L/min to 9L/min.

In this step, the thickness of the coating dry film controlled: the thickness of the non-stick layer is 50-100 μm; the coating thickness range can ensure that the non-stick material completely covers the appliance body, the performance is good (hardness and non-stick property), the appearance effect is uniform, the spraying workability is good, the phenomenon that the coating is easy to sag and uneven in thickness due to over-thick coating can be avoided, the phenomenon that the coating is easy to wear through due to over-thin coating can be avoided, and the service life is short.

Under the air spraying operation condition, the method has the advantages of high reliability, high production efficiency and low production cost, the composite non-stick material can be more fully attached to the surface of the appliance body, and the formed non-stick layer has better quality and performance and long service life.

(4) And (4) surface drying and sintering the non-stick layer.

And (3) placing the appliance body with the non-stick layer attached to the surface into a drying furnace for surface drying at the temperature of 85-100 ℃ for 10-15 min. And after the surface drying is finished, putting the appliance body with the non-stick layer attached to the surface into a sintering furnace at 280 ℃ for sintering, thus obtaining the non-stick layer. The temperature rise curve during the sintering process can be referred to as shown in fig. 3, and the temperature rise curve shows the holding time in each temperature interval range during the sintering process. Thus, the non-stick coating with good adhesion capability and non-stick performance is formed on the surface of the appliance body.

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples, comparative examples and test examples. In the following specific examples and comparative examples, materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A composite non-stick material comprises a ceramic coating and tungsten carbide, wherein the tungsten carbide comprises first-scale particles with the particle size of 0.5-5 mu m and second-scale particles with the particle size of 5-30 mu m; the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 2%.

Examples 2 to 5

Examples 2-5 differ from example 1 primarily in the content of the first-scale particles and the second-scale particles.

In example 2, the mass percentage of the first-scale particles is 10%, and the mass percentage of the second-scale particles is 5%;

in example 3, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 15%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 10%;

in example 4, the mass percentage of the first-scale particles is 15%, and the mass percentage of the second-scale particles is 2%;

in example 5, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is 5%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is 10%;

the rest is the same as in example 1.

Examples 6 to 8

Examples 6 to 8 differ from example 1 mainly in the type of non-stick coating, hard material.

In example 6, the non-stick coating was a fluorine-containing coating;

in example 7, the hard material was boron nitride;

in example 8, the hard material was silicon carbide;

the rest is the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1

In the comparative example, the non-stick material used was the existing ceramic coating. That is, in this comparative example, tungsten carbide was not added as compared with example 1.

Comparative example 2

In the comparative example, the composite non-stick material comprises ceramic paint and tungsten carbide, wherein the particle size of the tungsten carbide is 5-30 mu m, and the mass percentage content of the tungsten carbide is 10%.

Compared with example 1, the comparative example only adds micron-sized tungsten carbide particles.

Comparative example 3

In the comparative example, the composite non-stick material comprises ceramic paint and tungsten carbide, wherein the particle size of the tungsten carbide is 0.5-5 mu m, and the mass percentage content is 15%.

This comparative example added only submicron-sized tungsten carbide particles as compared with example 1.

Test examples

The non-stick material in each of the above examples and comparative examples was applied to the surface of the appliance body by air spraying to form a non-stick layer, and the cooking appliance was obtained. The non-stick materials of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for their performance on cooking utensils, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1.

1. The test was conducted using an accelerated simulation test method to evaluate the non-stick life, the specific test method being as follows.

The non-stick life is evaluated according to an accelerated simulation test program of the non-stick pan, and the test flow is as follows:

a: shock abrasion resistance test → B: dry-burn mixed sauce → C: boiled salt water → D: quartz stone (shovel) → E: and (4) evaluating the non-stick grade of the fried eggs, finishing the 4 testing steps and one non-stick grade evaluation, and marking the end of one cycle.

A, vibration wear resistance testing specifically comprises the following steps: the adopted instrument is a vibration wear-resistant testing machine, and the adopted method comprises the following steps: 1) putting 1kg of quartz stone (with the particle size of 9-12mm) into a pot; 2) placing the pot on a heating furnace; 3) setting the vibration time of the instrument at 15 minutes, the heating temperature at 150-; 4) starting a vibration button to enable the quartz stone to vibrate in the pot for 15 minutes; 5) and after the test is finished, pouring out the quartz stone in the pot, and cleaning and wiping the inner surface of the pot by using detergent. 6) Replacing period of quartz stone: 1 time per month.

B: the dry-burning mixed sauce specifically comprises: the ingredients comprise soy sauce, vinegar, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate, salt, sugar and edible oil, and the adopted method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a mixed sauce according to the following weight ratio: soy sauce: vinegar: cooking wine: monosodium glutamate: salt: sugar: edible oil 4: 3: 2: 1: 1: 2: 2 (mass ratio) is completely dissolved and uniformly mixed to prepare a special mixed sauce; 2) putting 50g of the mixed sauce into a pot, and shaking the pot until the sauce uniformly covers the bottom of the pot; 3) placing the sample pan on a gas stove, drying and heating to 250-270 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2min, and stopping heating; 4) washing with water, and scrubbing the polluted area in the pot with detergent and rag.

C: the boiled salt water specifically comprises: the ingredients comprise 50g of salt and 950g of water, and the adopted method comprises the following steps: 1) weighing 50g of salt and 950g of water to prepare 5% salt water, and pouring the salt water into a pot; 2) timing after boiling water, keeping boiling for 10min, and adding water according to conditions to keep concentration unchanged; 3) after the cooking for a specified time, the pot is cleaned by tap water and wiped dry.

D: fry quartz (shovel), specifically include: the ingredients comprise 1kg of quartz stone, the grain diameter of 9-12mm, and a little oil, vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce and salt, and the adopted method comprises the following steps: 1) pouring 15g of edible oil into a pot, uniformly shaking until the whole inner surface is impregnated, heating until oil smoke is generated, then pouring 1Kg of quartz stone into the pot, adding a small amount of vinegar, cooking wine, soy sauce, water and salt, uniformly stirring and frying for 10 min; 2) after finishing, cleaning the inner surface of the pot by using liquid detergent, and wiping the inner surface of the pot; 3) filtering the soup after each circulation, and leaving quartz stone for next circulation; 4) replacing period of quartz stone: 1 time per month.

And when the accelerated simulation test is carried out, judging the non-stick service life after each cycle is finished. The endpoint can be determined by one of the following phenomena:

(1) the non-stick property is reduced:

the non-stick grade of the fried eggs is continuously classified as grade III for two cycles;

(2) appearance failure:

the coating has a fluffing phenomenon;

the diameter of the falling area of the coating is more than 3 mm;

the abrasion obviously exposes the base material;

the coating has puncture type scratches (exposing the base material) of more than 3;

the dirt which cannot be washed off by the wet rag is generated;

the number of simulated test cycles at the end of the test was recorded as the non-stick life of the product, with more cycles indicating a longer non-stick life of the coating.

2. Method for testing hardness of non-stick coating

The hardness test of the non-stick coating adopts a pencil hardness test method, which is referred to a standard GB/T32388-20156.2.14 and is as follows:

(1) clamping a pencil according to the equipment described in GB/T6739-2006, fixing the pencil, and pressing the pencil downwards on the surface of the coating layer at an angle of 45 degrees under the load of 750 g; (2) chipping one end of each pencil with a special mechanical sharpener to remove approximately 5-6 mm of wood, carefully handling to leave an intact, unscratched, smooth cylindrical pencil lead; (3) inserting a pencil into the test instrument and fixing the pencil by using a frame to keep the instrument horizontal; (4) drawing the clamping device to move the pencil at a speed of 0.5mm/s to 1mm/s for a distance of at least 7mm along the test coating surface; (5) if the coating is cut by the lead core, a clear cut can be seen, the hardness grade of the lead core is sequentially reduced, and the steps (1) and (2) are repeated until the coating is just not cut to the metal substrate; (6) the hardness of the coating is noted and refers to the hardness of the lead just before the coating is cut through to the substrate. (7) The destruction can be assessed with a magnifying glass with a magnification of 6-10 times. If a magnifying glass is used, it should be noted in the report; (8) if the scratch exceeding 3mm appears, reducing the hardness of the pencil and repeating the test until the scratch exceeding 3mm does not appear any more; (9) the pencil hardness of the coating was expressed as the hardness of the hardest pencil that did not scratch the coating by 3mm or more.

The judgment criteria, from soft to hard, are as follows:

9B-8B-7B-6B-5B-4B-3B-2B-B-HB-F-H-2H-3H-4H-5H-6H-7H-8H-9H。

3. method for testing strength of non-stick coating

The method for testing the strength of the non-stick coating adopts a mechanical impact test method, and the mechanical impact test method is as follows:

(1) holding the sample on the test apparatus by a rotating fixture means, the coated surface may be facing upwards; (2) checking that the direction of the impact guide pipe is vertical, adjusting a testing instrument by rotating a rotating shaft outside the bracket, and pointing the tail of the pointer at the position of the scale 0; (3) lifting a steel ball (500 g) to a scale with the height of 50cm, and allowing the steel ball to fall freely; (4) the sample surface was examined for significant cracking, and if no cracks were evident, the height of the test was raised by 25cm upward and impacted again. The method comprises the following steps: the coating does not break porcelain, fall off and have no reticular cracks.

TABLE 1 results of Performance test of each example and comparative example

As can be seen from the data in table 1, examples 1-8 of the present application provide composite non-stick materials having superior long-lasting non-stick properties and improved hardness as compared to the non-stick materials of comparative examples 1-3. As can be seen from comparing examples 1-5 with comparative example 1, the durable non-stick life of the non-stick layer formed by using the composite non-stick material comprising tungsten carbide with different particle sizes and the ceramic coating is improved by 1-2 times compared with the non-stick layer formed by using the common ceramic coating. It can be seen by comparing examples 1 to 5 that the combination of a small amount of micron-sized particles and a large amount of submicron-sized particles is superior to the combination of a large amount of micron-sized particles and a small amount of submicron-sized particles. As can be seen by comparing examples 1 to 5 with comparative examples 2 and 3, the addition of different grades of tungsten carbide particles (micron and submicron) to the ceramic coating has superior durable non-tackiness compared to the addition of only the same grade of tungsten carbide particles (either micron or submicron only).

In conclusion, the durable non-stick property of the ceramic coating can be obviously improved and the hardness of the coating can be improved by adding hard materials such as tungsten carbide particles with different sizes into the non-stick coating such as the ceramic coating.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A composite non-stick material, comprising:

non-stick coatings and hard materials;

the hard material comprises first scale particles and second scale particles, and the particle size of the first scale particles is less than or equal to that of the second scale particles;

based on the mass of the composite non-stick material, the mass percentage of the first scale particles is less than or equal to 20%, and the mass percentage of the second scale particles is less than or equal to 15%.

2. The composite non-stick material of claim 1, wherein the first scale particles have a particle size of 0.5-5 μm and the second scale particles have a particle size of 5-30 μm.

3. The composite non-stick material according to claim 1, wherein the first scale particles are present in an amount of 5-15% by mass and the second scale particles are present in an amount of 2-10% by mass, based on the mass of the composite non-stick material.

4. The composite non-stick material of claim 1, wherein the hard material comprises at least one of tungsten carbide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, titanium nitride, titanium diboride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium suboxide, and zirconium carbide.

5. The composite non-stick material according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the non-stick coating comprises at least one of a ceramic coating, a fluorine containing coating and a silicone resin.

6. The composite non-stick material of claim 5, wherein the ceramic coating comprises at least one of polymethylsiloxane and nanosilica.

7. A cooking appliance, comprising:

an appliance body; and

a non-stick layer formed on a surface of the appliance body, the non-stick layer comprising the composite non-stick material of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The cooking appliance of claim 7, wherein the cooking appliance meets at least one of the following characteristics:

(a) the thickness of the non-stick layer is 50-100 μm;

(b) the manner of forming the non-stick layer includes air spraying.

9. A method of preparing a cooking appliance, comprising the steps of:

providing an appliance body, and forming a non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body;

wherein the non-stick layer is air-sprayed on the surface of the appliance body by a composite non-stick material comprising any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. The method of preparing a cooking appliance according to claim 9, wherein the method of preparing a cooking appliance satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

(c) the manufacturing method further includes a step of pretreating the appliance body before forming the non-stick layer on the surface of the appliance body, the step of pretreating the appliance body including: cleaning, sand blasting and preheating the tool body in sequence, wherein the pressure of compressed air for sand blasting is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the preheating temperature is 40-50 ℃;

(d) the operating conditions of the air spraying satisfy at least one of the following:

the spraying distance is 150 mm-170 mm;

the air pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4 MPa;

the flow rate is 6L/min to 10L/min;

(e) the preparation method also comprises the step of surface drying the non-stick layer after air spraying, wherein the surface drying temperature is 85-100 ℃, and the time is 10-15 min;

(f) the thickness of the non-stick layer is 50-100 μm.

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