CN114805921A - Preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge and oil-water separation device - Google Patents
Preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge and oil-water separation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114805921A CN114805921A CN202210499146.XA CN202210499146A CN114805921A CN 114805921 A CN114805921 A CN 114805921A CN 202210499146 A CN202210499146 A CN 202210499146A CN 114805921 A CN114805921 A CN 114805921A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
- C08J9/42—Impregnation with macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2463/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge and an oil-water separation device; aiming at the problems that most of oil-water separation devices in the prior art are large in size, extremely complex in structure, low in separation efficiency, poor in material durability, complex in operation process and the like, the self-circulation-self-cleaning oil-water separation device comprises a shell, a transmission mechanism and an oil absorption disc, wherein a top cover of the shell is provided with a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is positioned on the left side and the right side of the top cover of the shell, the bottom of the shell is provided with an oil outlet and a water outlet, the transmission mechanism is composed of a motor and a screw rod, the motor is fixed in the middle of the top cover of the shell, and one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor and penetrates through the top cover of the shell; the oil absorption disc is fixed on the screw rod in a grading manner; overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the oil-water separation device which has simple structure, high oil-water separation efficiency and self-circulation-self-cleaning property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge and an oil-water separation device.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of modern industry, the increase of the discharge of oily wastewater and the frequent occurrence of ocean crude oil leakage events cause environmental pollution and also hinder the sustainable development of society. For example, the oil leakage incident in the gulf of mexico in 2010 seriously damages the local marine ecosystem, and simultaneously forces the industries such as fishery, tourism and the like to stop, thereby causing immeasurable loss to the society. The purification of oily wastewater and industrial organic pollutants is a very challenging task, and therefore, oil-water separation technology has received extensive attention.
At the present stage, most oil-water separation devices are huge in size and extremely complex in structure, and have the problems of low separation efficiency, poor material durability, complex operation process and the like, so that the development of an oil-water separation technology is greatly limited. The invention patent with publication number CN111608154A discloses a device for cleaning and recovering oil stain on water surface, which treats collected sewage by heating with electric heating wires to evaporate water in oil-water mixture, thereby achieving the effect of oil-water separation, but the efficiency is low and a large amount of electric energy is needed to evaporate water medium. The invention patent with publication number CN111155501B discloses a marine oil stain cleaning structure and a cleaning method, which adsorb oil stains on the water surface through an oil absorption felt, but the oil removal belt in the device cannot rotate too fast and the oil absorption felt cannot be reused, so that the problems of low efficiency and high material consumption exist. Therefore, a new high-efficiency oil-water separation device is needed to purify oily wastewater and industrial organic pollutants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge and an oil-water separation device, aiming at solving the technical problems that an oil absorption felt in the existing device in the background technology cannot be reused, and has low efficiency and high material consumption.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:
sequentially putting the polyurethane sponge into acetone, ethanol and deionized solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and putting the cleaned polyurethane sponge into an oven for heating and drying;
mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the proportion of 1: 2-4 to obtain a brown epoxy resin solution; adding zinc oxide powder and acetone into a brown epoxy resin solution, and performing magnetic stirring to obtain a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide;
soaking the polyurethane sponge after being heated and dried into a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide, fully absorbing the mixed solution, centrifuging the polyurethane sponge through a centrifuge, and drying the coated polyurethane sponge in an oven to obtain epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge;
and (2) soaking the epoxy resin and the zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into a mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol, taking out after full reaction, and drying at room temperature to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge.
Preferably, the time for ultrasonically cleaning the polyurethane sponge in acetone, ethanol and deionized solution is 5-15 min; the temperature of the polyurethane sponge is 30-50 ℃ when the polyurethane sponge is dried in an oven, and the drying time is 10-30 min.
Preferably, the mass of the epoxy resin is 2g-6g, the mass of the zinc oxide powder is 3g-9g, the amount of acetone added into the brown epoxy resin solution is 10mL-15mL, and the magnetic stirring time is 20min-40 min.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 1000rpm-3000rpm, the drying temperature of the coated polyurethane sponge in an oven is 20-60 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
Preferably, the volume of the mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol is 10mL-30mL, the time for immersing the epoxy resin and the zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into the mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol is 4min-20min, and the drying time under the room temperature condition is 2h-8 h.
Preferably, the centrifugation time of the centrifuge is 1min-3 min; the times of dip coating and centrifugation are 1-10 times.
Preferably, the mass of the acetic acid is 0.8g-1.6 g; the mass of the stearic acid is 0.36g-0.48 g; the volume of the ethanol is 10mL-30 mL.
An oil-water separation device adopts the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge prepared by any one of the methods as an oil absorption disc of the oil-water separation device;
the oil-water separation device comprises a separation chamber surrounded by a shell and an oil absorption disc arranged in the separation chamber; a liquid inlet is formed in the top of the shell, and a first oil outlet, a second oil outlet and a water outlet are formed in the bottom of the shell; the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet are connected with an oil storage barrel; the water outlet is connected with a liquid discharge pipe;
the top of the shell is provided with a driving device, and the output end of the driving device is connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the oil suction discs to rotate in the separation chamber.
The oil suction disc is made of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, so that the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge is not damaged in the high-speed rotation process, and the oil suction disc has excellent reusability.
Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is arranged on one end face of the separation chamber close to the water outlet, and electric on-off valves are arranged on the first oil outlet, the second oil outlet and the water outlet.
The invention detects the liquid level in the separation chamber through the liquid level sensor, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the oil outlet and the water outlet. After the oil-liquid mixture is sucked, the sponge disc slowly rotates under the driving of the motor, stops rotating after oil stains are fully sucked, and opens the water outlet. After the water is completely discharged, the water outlet is closed through the water level sensor, and the oil outlet is opened. The sponge disc is driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed to throw out the sucked oil stain. The greasy dirt flows into the oil collection barrel through the oil-out along the hydrophobic oleophobic inner wall, closes the oil-out.
The control module can adopt a single chip microcomputer or a PLC.
The single chip microcomputer or the PLC receives the detection information of the liquid level sensor, and then controls the opening and closing of the electric on-off valve based on the detection information is a known technical means for those skilled in the art, and how to design and connect the related circuits is a known technical means for those skilled in the art, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted in the present invention.
Further, the inner wall of the shell is made of hydrophobic and oleophobic materials, such as: polytetrafluoroethylene.
The inner wall of the shell is made of the hydrophobic and oleophobic material, so that the adhesion of oil stains and water stains can be effectively avoided, the outflow speed of liquid can be increased, and the efficiency is greatly increased.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. drive mechanism through drive arrangement and rotate, and then drive the high-speed rotatory mode of oil absorption dish can the efficient throw away the greasy dirt and do not harm hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, has excellent reuse nature, need not frequently to follow up and trade.
2. The oil absorption discs are made of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, so that water and oil stains can be effectively separated.
3. The inner wall of the shell is made of the hydrophobic and oleophobic material, so that the adhesion of oil stains and water stains can be avoided, the outflow of liquid can be accelerated, and the self-circulation-self-cleaning characteristic is realized under the condition that the control module controls the driving device to work.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the oil-water separator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the water outlet of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a surface microstructure view of a single oil pan of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of contact angle magnitude for a single hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge of the present invention at optimal dip-coating and centrifugation times.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the oil-water separation ability of a single hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a screw; 3. an oil suction disc; 4. a liquid inlet; 5. a liquid level sensor; 6. a first oil outlet; 7. a water outlet; 8. a second oil outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The following describes an embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 5;
firstly, the preparation method of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge is further described;
example 1
A preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding polyurethane sponge into acetone, ethanol and deionized solution for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning time is 10min respectively; putting the cleaned polyurethane sponge into a drying oven at 40 ℃ for heating and drying for 20 min;
mixing 2g of epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the proportion of 1:3 to obtain a brown epoxy resin solution; adding 4g of zinc oxide powder and 15mL of acetone into the brown epoxy resin solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature for 30min to obtain a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane;
soaking the dried polyurethane sponge into a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane, fully absorbing, centrifuging for 3min in a centrifuge with the speed of 1000rpm, and repeating the processes of dip coating and centrifuging for 2 times; drying the coated polyurethane sponge in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 8h to obtain epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge;
and (3) soaking the dried epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into 20mL of mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol, taking out after 15min, and drying for 8h at room temperature to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge.
According to the invention, a SL200B contact angle measuring instrument is used for measuring the contact angle of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, 5 points are uniformly selected on the surface of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, and the average value of the contact angles is measured, which is specifically shown in Table 1 in the text.
Example 2
Sequentially putting polyurethane sponge into acetone, ethanol and deionized solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min; and (3) putting the cleaned polyurethane sponge into a drying oven at 40 ℃ for heating and drying for 20 min.
Mixing 4g of epoxy resin and a curing agent according to a mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain a brown epoxy resin solution; adding 6g of zinc oxide powder and 15mL of acetone into a brown epoxy resin solution, and performing magnetic stirring at room temperature for 30min to obtain a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide;
putting the dried polyurethane sponge into a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide, fully absorbing, centrifuging for 3min in a centrifuge with the speed of 1000rpm, and repeating the processes of dip coating and centrifuging for 5 times; and drying the coated polyurethane sponge in an oven at 60 ℃ for 8h to obtain the epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge.
And (3) soaking the dried epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into 20mL of mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol for 15min, taking out, and drying for 8h at room temperature to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge.
According to the invention, a SL200B contact angle measuring instrument is used for measuring the contact angle of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, 5 points are uniformly selected on the surface of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, and the average value of the contact angles is measured, which is specifically shown in Table 1 in the text.
Example 3
Sequentially putting polyurethane sponge into acetone, ethanol and deionized solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min; and (3) putting the cleaned polyurethane sponge into a drying oven at 40 ℃ for heating and drying for 20 min.
Mixing 6g of epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the proportion of 1:3 to obtain a brown epoxy resin solution; after 9g of zinc oxide powder and 15mL of acetone were added to the brown epoxy resin solution, magnetic stirring was carried out at room temperature for 30min to obtain a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide.
Soaking the dried polyurethane sponge into a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide, fully absorbing, centrifuging for 3min in a centrifuge with the speed of 1000rpm, and repeating the processes of dip coating and centrifuging for 10 times; and drying the coated polyurethane sponge in an oven at 60 ℃ for 8h to obtain the epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge.
And (3) soaking the dried epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into 20mL of mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol for 15min, taking out, and drying for 8h at room temperature to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge.
According to the invention, a SL200B contact angle measuring instrument is used for measuring the contact angle of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, 5 points are uniformly selected on the surface of the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, and the average value of the contact angles is measured, which is specifically shown in Table 1 in the text.
TABLE 1
| Examples | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Contact angle | 135.2° | 156° | 123.2° |
As can be seen from table 1, the hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge (example 2) by 5 dip-coating and centrifugation has better superhydrophobicity, as shown in fig. 3.
The hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge prepared in example 2 was taken, the surface of which maintained the high porosity of the sponge and had a honeycomb-like porous structure, as shown in fig. 4.
The separation efficiencies of the four oily solvents of p-toluene, n-hexane, petroleum ether and xylene were 98.27%, 98.89%, 98.60% and 99.63% respectively for the hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge prepared in example 2, and the separation efficiency was hardly decreased after 10 times of oil absorption cycles, as shown in fig. 5.
The specific embodiments of an oil water separator described in this application are as follows:
referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, an oil-water separating device adopts the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge prepared in any one of the embodiments as an oil sucking disc 3 of the oil-water separating device;
the oil-water separation device comprises a separation chamber surrounded by a shell 1 and an oil suction disc 3 arranged in the separation chamber; a liquid inlet 4 is formed in the top of the shell 1, and a first oil outlet 6, a second oil outlet 8 and a water outlet 7 are formed in the bottom of the shell 1; the first oil outlet 6 and the second oil outlet 8 are connected with an oil storage barrel; the water outlet 7 is connected with a liquid discharge pipe;
the top of the shell 1 is provided with a driving device, and the output end of the driving device is connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the oil suction discs 3 to rotate in the separation chamber.
The oil suction disc 3 is made of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge, so that the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge is not damaged in the high-speed rotation process, and the oil suction disc has excellent reusability.
A liquid level sensor 5 is arranged on one end face of the separation chamber close to the water outlet 7, and electric on-off valves are arranged on the first oil outlet 6, the second oil outlet 8 and the water outlet 7. According to the invention, the liquid level in the separation chamber is detected by the liquid level sensor 5, so that whether the liquid in the separation chamber is completely discharged is judged, and after the liquid is completely discharged, the control module controls the electric on-off valve to be closed so as to close the first oil outlet 6, the second oil outlet 8 and the water outlet 7 after the control module obtains the information of the liquid after the liquid is completely discharged.
The control module can adopt a single chip microcomputer or a PLC.
The technical means known by those skilled in the art is to receive the detection information of the liquid level sensor 5 through the single chip microcomputer or the PLC and then control the opening and closing of the electric on-off valve based on the detection information, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted in the present invention.
The inner wall of the shell 1 is made of hydrophobic and oleophobic material.
The inner wall of the shell 1 is made of the hydrophobic and oleophobic material, so that the adhesion of oil stains and water stains can be effectively avoided, the outflow speed of liquid can be increased, and the efficiency is greatly increased.
The driving device adopts a motor, the motor is a servo motor, and two rotation modes of low speed and high speed can be realized through the servo motor; the transmission mechanism is a screw rod 2; the one end of screw rod 2 sets up the hole, adopts transition fit with servo motor's output, the other end of screw rod 2 stretches into inside the separation chamber from 1 top of casing to suit on the pole body of the inside that the screw rod 2 stretched into the separation chamber inhale food tray 3, a plurality of food tray 3 of inhaling are in proper order the suit along the axial of screw rod 2. The device has a multi-stage disc type structure, can deal with oil stains with different volumes, and realizes full absorption of the oil stains.
The cleaning method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: the water-containing oil liquid is injected into the separation chamber through the liquid inlet 4 by the water pump;
step 2: the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge (oil absorption disc 3) is driven by the servo motor to slowly rotate along with the screw rod 2, and stops after oil stains are fully absorbed;
and step 3: the control module controls the electric on-off valve to open, the water outlet 7 is automatically opened, the electric on-off valve arranged on the water outlet 7 is closed through the control module after water is drained, and the electric on-off valves arranged on the first oil outlet 6 and the second oil outlet 8 are opened;
and 4, step 4: the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge rotates at a high speed along with the screw rod 2 under the drive of the servo motor and throws out the sucked oil stain;
and 5: oil stains flow into the oil storage barrel through the oil outlet along the inner wall of the hydrophobic and oleophobic shell 1.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sequentially putting the polyurethane sponge into acetone, ethanol and deionized solution for ultrasonic cleaning, and putting the cleaned polyurethane sponge into an oven for heating and drying;
mixing epoxy resin and a curing agent according to the proportion of 1: 2-4 to obtain a brown epoxy resin solution; adding zinc oxide powder and acetone into a brown epoxy resin solution, and performing magnetic stirring to obtain a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide;
soaking the polyurethane sponge after being heated and dried into a mixed solution of epoxy resin and zinc oxide, fully absorbing the mixed solution, centrifuging the polyurethane sponge through a centrifuge, and drying the coated polyurethane sponge in an oven to obtain epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge;
and (2) soaking the epoxy resin and the zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into a mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol, taking out after full reaction, and drying at room temperature to obtain the hydrophobic oleophylic polyurethane sponge.
2. The method for preparing the hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time for the polyurethane sponge to be ultrasonically cleaned in acetone, ethanol and deionized solution is 5min to 15 min; the temperature of the polyurethane sponge is 30-50 ℃ when the polyurethane sponge is dried in an oven, and the drying time is 10-30 min.
3. The method for preparing the hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass of the epoxy resin is 2g to 6g, the mass of the zinc oxide powder is 3g to 9g, the amount of acetone added into the brown epoxy resin solution is 10mL to 15mL, and the magnetic stirring time is 20min to 40 min.
4. The preparation method of the hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge as in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifuge is 1000rpm to 3000rpm, the drying temperature of the coated polyurethane sponge in the oven is 20 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the drying time is 8h to 12 h.
5. The method for preparing the hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume of the mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol is 10mL-30mL, the time for immersing the epoxy resin and zinc oxide polyurethane sponge into the mixed solution of stearic acid, acetic acid and ethanol is 4min-20min, and the drying time under the room temperature condition is 2h-8 h.
6. The method for preparing the hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge as in claim 1, wherein the centrifugation time of the centrifuge is 1min to 3 min; the times of dip coating and centrifugation are 1-10 times.
7. The method for preparing a hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane sponge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass of the acetic acid is 0.8g to 1.6 g; the mass of the stearic acid is 0.36g-0.48 g; the volume of the ethanol is 10mL-30 mL.
8. An oil-water separator, characterized in that the hydrophobic oleophilic polyurethane sponge prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 is used as an oil absorption pan (3) of the oil-water separator;
the oil-water separation device comprises a separation chamber surrounded by a shell (1), and an oil suction disc (3) arranged in the separation chamber; a liquid inlet (4) is formed in the top of the shell (1), and a first oil outlet (6), a second oil outlet (8) and a water outlet (7) are formed in the bottom of the shell (1); the first oil outlet (6) and the second oil outlet (8) are connected with an oil storage barrel; the water outlet (7) is connected with a liquid discharge pipe;
the top of the shell (1) is provided with a driving device, and the output end of the driving device is connected with a transmission mechanism which drives the oil suction discs (3) to rotate in the separation chamber.
9. The oil-water separation device as claimed in claim 8, wherein a liquid level sensor (5) is disposed at one end face of the separation chamber close to the water outlet (7), and electric on-off valves are disposed at the first oil outlet (6), the second oil outlet (8) and the water outlet (7).
10. An oil-water separator according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner wall of the housing (1) is of a hydrophobic and oleophobic material.
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