CN114804800B - High-strength environment-friendly gypsum plasterboard and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength environment-friendly gypsum plasterboard and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114804800B
CN114804800B CN202210359095.0A CN202210359095A CN114804800B CN 114804800 B CN114804800 B CN 114804800B CN 202210359095 A CN202210359095 A CN 202210359095A CN 114804800 B CN114804800 B CN 114804800B
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paper
parts
gypsum
raw material
core layer
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CN114804800A (en
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马吉顺
张敬达
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Tai Shan Gypsum Jiangyin Co ltd
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/143Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
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    • C04B16/00Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/08Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
    • C04B16/082Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons other than polystyrene based, e.g. polyurethane foam
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    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039Premixtures of ingredients
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/11Halides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/13Silicon-containing compounds
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
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    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C04B2111/0062Gypsum-paper board like materials
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    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52Sound-insulating materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board and a preparation method thereof. The preparation of the paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following steps: step 1: dissolving alum, a gel material and a foaming agent in deionized water to obtain a raw material A; uniformly mixing phosphogypsum, calcium carbonate, adhesive and water reducing agent to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material; step 2: respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A; and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; drying and forming after the wet plate is solidified; and (5) performing ultraviolet curing, and drying at high temperature to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board. In the technical scheme, the gel material with light weight, multiple pores, good heat insulation and sound insulation is prepared; by utilizing the photo-click reaction, problems such as decrease in viscosity and decrease in strength due to addition of a gel material are suppressed.

Description

High-strength environment-friendly gypsum plaster board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-strength environment-friendly gypsum plasterboard and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The gypsum plaster board is a building board which takes building gypsum mixed with a proper amount of additives as a board core and special board paper as a protective surface; the light inner partition wall has the advantages of light weight, no pollution, good heat insulation, simple and convenient construction method and the like, and is widely applied to inner partition walls of various buildings such as hospitals, houses, office buildings, markets and the like. With the recent increase of the requirements of the building industry on building quality, higher requirements are put on the environmental protection, safety and durability of the paper-surface gypsum board.
In the prior art, a large amount of water is generally added for enhancing the fluidity of slurry in a board core layer, so that the evaporated water has more and large pores, and the crosslinking compactness among gypsum crystals in the board core layer is poor; meanwhile, the interface action between the facing paper and the board core is poor, so that the finally manufactured paper gypsum board has high brittleness and low strength. Further, as the building requirements increase, the heat and sound insulation performance of the paper-faced gypsum board is more and more important, and in most cases, the sound insulation performance is enhanced by increasing the number of pores, but the strength is decreased by the generation of larger pores and the increase of the amount of pores. There are also, of course, cases where the heat and sound insulation properties of the gypsum plasterboard are enhanced by introducing a gel-like material having lightweight, heat and sound insulation properties; however, the introduction of the inorganic filler is not easy to disperse in water and agglomerate, and has the problems of poor compatibility with gypsum, and serious influence on cohesiveness, thereby causing the strength reduction of the board.
In conclusion, the preparation of the high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board has important significance in solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving alum, a gel material and a foaming agent in deionized water to obtain a raw material A; uniformly mixing phosphogypsum, calcium carbonate, adhesive and water reducing agent to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature at 40-60 ℃, drying for 2-3 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 30-40 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120-140 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
Preferably, in step 1, the raw materials of the gypsum core layer material comprise the following components: 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 2-4 parts of alum, 6-10 parts of a gel material, 2-5 parts of an adhesive, 0.05-0.1 part of a foaming agent, 55-60 parts of deionized water and 0.05-0.2 part of a water reducing agent.
Preferably, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1 (1-2) to 1-2.
Preferably, in step 1, the preparation method of the gel material comprises: (1) Putting the sugarcane fibers into a sodium hydroxide solution, and performing alkalization treatment; adding a hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.2-11.8 by using sodium hydroxide, performing hydrophilic treatment, washing and drying to obtain sugarcane fibers A; (2) Placing the sugarcane fiber A into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding glyoxal and thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH = 3.2-3.6 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out a crosslinking reaction; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
Preferably, the raw materials of the gel material comprise the following components: 10 to 30 portions of sugarcane fiber, 30 to 40 portions of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 to 3 portions of glyoxal and 18 to 25 portions of thioglycolic acid.
Optimally, in the alkalization treatment process, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 3-5 wt%, the temperature is 75-85 ℃, and the time is 4-6 hours; in the hydrophilic treatment process, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 15-20 wt%; the time is 1 to 2 hours; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 4-5 wt%; in the cross-linking reaction process, the stirring speed is 800-1000 rmp, the temperature is 85-95 ℃, and the time is 8-12 hours.
Preferably, in step 2, the preparation method of the impregnation liquid comprises: ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain a suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
Preferably, in the step 2, the temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the treatment time is 30-40 minutes in the dipping treatment process.
Preferably, the concentration of the suspension is 8-10 wt%; the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5 (1.2-1.5) to 0.2-0.24 (0.3).
The paper-surface gypsum board prepared by the method for preparing the high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board is more optimized; the structure of the gypsum plaster board is that the unit mass area is 200-220 g/m from top to bottom 2 The surface paper, the gypsum core layer and the unit area mass of the gypsum core layer are 180-200 g/m 2 The base paper of (1).
Wherein the adhesive is starch, including but not limited to; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, including but not limited to.
In the technical scheme, the gel material with light weight, multiple holes, good heat insulation and sound insulation is prepared and used in the gypsum plasterboard; the dispersibility of the foaming agent in water is enhanced; the adhesiveness between the paper and the face-protecting paper (face paper and bottom paper) is enhanced by utilizing the photo-click reaction, and the problems of viscosity reduction, strength reduction and the like caused by adding the gel material are inhibited.
(1) According to the scheme, sugarcane fibers are alkalized in alkali liquor and then are added with hydrogen peroxide solution to increase the abundance of surface hydroxyl groups, so that the sugarcane fibers and polyvinyl alcohol are subjected to crosslinking polycondensation under an acidic condition by using glyoxal as a crosslinking agent to obtain a porous gel material, and gel particles with a crosslinking structure are contained in the powder; meanwhile, mercaptoacetic acid is introduced, and the porosity in the gel material is enhanced, the crosslinking performance is improved and the rigidity of the gel material is enhanced through the action force of the carboxyl and the hydrogen bonds between the sulfydryl and the hydroxyl. Meanwhile, due to the introduction of thioglycollic acid, the gel material has hydrophilic groups, so that the water dispersibility and the interface compatibility with gypsum are slightly increased. Although it is light and partially migrates to the surface of the gypsum core layer to affect the adhesion with the facing paper, it contains mercapto groups, so that it can react with the vinyl groups contained in the modified facing layer to increase the adhesion force and suppress the decrease in strength.
Of course, the gel material has hydrophilicity and can absorb water to expand, so that foam generated in the gypsum core layer is more compact and finer, the formation of irregular large pores is obviously reduced, and the reduction of strength is inhibited.
(2) In the scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane; the tea saponin is one of vegetable proteins, and is mixed with the surfactant, so that the rate of generating bubbles is relatively stable, the using amount is small, the foam generated by the gypsum core layer is small and stable, and the strength of the gypsum core layer is enhanced. Meanwhile, the foaming agent is a surfactant, so that the dispersibility of the gel material can be enhanced in an auxiliary manner, and the scattering of the gel material is inhibited. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet light can generate crosslinking with gel materials during ultraviolet light curing, and the strength of the paper-surface gypsum board is increased.
(3) In the scheme, the impregnating solution is used for treating the face paper (surface paper and bottom paper); the paper-surface gypsum board is combined with a poured gypsum core layer under the condition of no drying, and then is cured, dried and formed, so that the cohesiveness is remarkably increased, and meanwhile, the surface hydrophobicity, moisture resistance and self-cleaning performance of the paper-surface gypsum board are improved by the impregnating solution.
The impregnating solution is formed by mixing hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, wherein the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, functional monomers of vinyl trimethoxy silane and tetraethoxy silane can react in ethanol so as to be crosslinked, and a hydrophobic and self-cleaning film is formed on the surface of the face-protecting paper; this is done by placing the gypsum core surface before it is uncured, which increases hydration and interfacial forces. Finally, under the action of a photoinitiator 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, a mercapto-vinyl click reaction can be generated, so that the interface acting force is increased, and the strength is increased.
(4) In the scheme, sodium carbonate and alum are used for synergistically modifying the phosphogypsum, wherein the sodium carbonate reacts with the alum to generate sodium sulfate and aluminum sulfate, so that a nano structure is generated on the surface of the phosphogypsum, and the strength of a gypsum core layer is increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers into a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be =11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 2 parts of glyoxal and 24 parts of thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of hydrogen) to be 3.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 10 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 90 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of gel material and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment for 35 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring a gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving a surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1.5; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyltrimethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane, the dibutyltin dichloride and the 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 2:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 30 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 10 parts of sugarcane fibers in a 3wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 6 hours at 75 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 15wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.2 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 2 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 1 part of glyoxal and 18 parts of thioglycolic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of hydrogen) to be =3.2 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 12 hours at the stirring speed of 800rmp and the temperature of 85 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 2 parts of alum, 6 parts of gel material and 0.05 part of foaming agent in 55 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 1 hour; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of starch and 0.05 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% of suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in impregnation liquid, and performing impregnation treatment for 40 minutes at 20 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature at 40 ℃, drying for 3 hours, and forming; the resulting mixture was subjected to light-curing at 800W for 40 minutes under UV irradiation to obtain a gypsum plasterboard.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyl trimethoxy silane, the tetraethoxy silane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 3:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 40 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a 5wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 30 parts of sugarcane fibers in 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 4 hours at 85 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 20wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.8 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1 hour, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 3 parts of glyoxal and 25 parts of thioglycolic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH to be =3.6 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 8 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 95 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 4 parts of alum, 10 parts of gel material and 0.1 part of foaming agent in 60 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 12 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of starch and 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 10wt% suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in impregnation liquid, and performing impregnation treatment for 40 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature at 60 ℃, drying for 2 hours, and forming; the resulting mixture was cured by ultraviolet rays at 800W for 30 minutes to obtain a gypsum plasterboard.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyl trimethoxy silane, the tetraethoxy silane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 4:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers in a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; obtaining sugarcane fibers A;
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of sugarcane fiber A and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
and 2, step: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment for 35 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1.5; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyl trimethoxy silane, the tetraethoxy silane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 5:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers into a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 2 parts of glyoxal, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of Hydrogen) to be 3.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 10 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 90 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of gel material and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment for 35 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring a gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving a surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1.5; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyl trimethoxy silane, the tetraethoxy silane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 6:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers in a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 2 parts of glyoxal and 24 parts of thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of hydrogen) to be 3.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 10 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 90 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of gel material and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
and 2, step: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment for 35 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and 3, step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin and coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide in a mass ratio of 1:3; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the vinyl trimethoxy silane, the tetraethoxy silane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 7:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers in a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 2 parts of glyoxal and 24 parts of thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of hydrogen) to be 3.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 10 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 90 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of gel material and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper under the mold, and paving surface paper on the surface of the base paper; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1.5; the unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Example 8:
step 1: (1) Dissolving 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain 4wt% of polyvinyl alcohol solution for later use; placing 20 parts of sugarcane fibers in a 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, and carrying out alkalization treatment for 5 hours at 80 ℃; cooling to 50 ℃, adding 18wt% of hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to be 11.5 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment for 1.5 hours, washing and drying; transferring the mixture into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding 2 parts of glyoxal and 24 parts of thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH (potential of hydrogen) to be 3.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out crosslinking reaction for 10 hours at the stirring speed of 1000rmp and the temperature of 90 ℃; washing and freeze-drying; a gel material was obtained.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts of alum, 8 parts of gel material and 0.08 part of foaming agent in 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dispersing for 2 hours; obtaining a raw material A; uniformly mixing 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of starch and 0.15 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: (1) Ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain 8wt% of suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, tetraethoxysilane, dibutyltin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation liquid.
(2) Respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment for 35 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring a gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving a surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature to be 55 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours, and forming; and (3) performing light reinforcement for 35 minutes under the ultraviolet of 800W and the like, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the gypsum plaster board.
In the technical scheme, the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1.5; the mass ratio of the nano-silica, the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, the tetraethoxysilane, the dibutyl tin dichloride and the 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5. The unit volume mass of the surface paper is 210g/m 2 (ii) a The mass per unit area of the base paper is 190g/m 2
Experiment 1: the high-strength environmentally-friendly gypsum plasterboards prepared in examples 1 to 8 were used for basic performance tests. The detection is based on GB/T9775-2008 thistle boards and GB/T19889-2005 acoustical building and building component sound insulation measurement, and relevant performance detection is carried out, wherein the sound absorption coefficient is under the frequency of 20-6000 HZ; the data obtained are shown in the following table:
examples Transverse rupture load (N) Compressive strength (Mpa) Coefficient of thermal conductivity Coefficient of sound absorption
Example 1 513 4.52 0.075 0.71
Example 2 510 4.50 0.079 0.69
Example 3 514 4.51 0.078 0.70
Example 4 437 3.86 0.092 0.58
Example 5 462 4.09 0.073 0.73
Example 6 495 4.39 0.072 0.69
Example 7 432 3.79 0.068 0.63
Example 8 474 4.81 0.074 0.72
And (4) conclusion: from examples 1 to 3, it is understood that the produced gypsum plasterboard has high strength and excellent heat and sound insulation properties. Comparing example 1 with examples 4 to 8, it is shown that: in example 4, since sugar cane fibers were not prepared into a gel material, a material having toughness was produced due to non-crosslinking, so that mechanical properties were reduced, and since voids were produced due to non-crosslinking, high thermal coefficient and sound absorption coefficient were reduced. In example 5, thioglycolic acid was not introduced into the gel material, so that the dispersibility of the gel material was reduced, and at the same time, no click reaction was generated, so that the cohesiveness was reduced, thereby reducing the interfacial properties between the gypsum core layer and the paper face sheet, and reducing the mechanical properties. In example 6, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane is not introduced into the foaming agent, so that the dispersibility of the foaming agent is reduced, the mobility of the foaming agent is increased, and the interface pores between the gypsum core layer and the paper face plate are increased and enlarged, thereby reducing the strength of the paper-faced gypsum board. In example 7, since the face paper (face paper, back paper) was not subjected to the dipping treatment, the interfacial adhesiveness was reduced, and the strength was reduced; in the same example 8, since vinyltrimethoxysilane was not introduced, the interface properties were lowered, and the strength of the gypsum plasterboard was lowered.
Experiment 2: the surface of the paper-faced gypsum board prepared in example 1 was subjected to a hydrophobicity test, and the surface contact angle thereof was 151 °; placing the material in an environment with the humidity of 20% and the temperature of 25 ℃ for 72 hours, and calculating the moisture absorption rate of the material by weight difference to be 0.154%; has good moisture resistance.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A preparation method of a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving alum, a gel material and a foaming agent in deionized water to obtain a raw material A; uniformly mixing phosphogypsum, calcium carbonate, adhesive and water reducing agent to obtain a raw material B; adding the raw material B into the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain a gypsum core layer material;
step 2: respectively placing the surface paper and the bottom paper in a steeping fluid, and performing steeping treatment to obtain surface paper A and bottom paper A;
and step 3: pouring the gypsum core layer material on the base paper A under the mould, and paving the surface paper A on the surface of the base paper A; after the wet plate is solidified, setting the temperature at 40-60 ℃, drying for 2-3 hours, and forming; performing light reinforcement for 30-40 minutes under an ultraviolet lamp of 800W, and drying to constant weight to obtain a gypsum plaster board;
the gypsum core layer material comprises the following raw materials: 100 parts of phosphogypsum, 10-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 2-4 parts of alum, 6-10 parts of gel material, 2-5 parts of adhesive, 0.05-0.1 part of foaming agent, 55-60 parts of deionized water and 0.05-0.2 part of water reducing agent;
the foaming agent is a mixture of tea saponin, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and vinyl methyl diethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1 (1-2) to 1-2;
the raw materials of the gel material comprise the following components: 10-30 parts of sugarcane fiber, 30-40 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of glyoxal and 18-25 parts of thioglycolic acid by weight;
the preparation method of the gel material comprises the following steps: (1) Putting the sugarcane fibers into a sodium hydroxide solution, and performing alkalization treatment; adding hydrogen peroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 11.2-11.8 by using sodium hydroxide, carrying out hydrophilic treatment, washing and drying to obtain sugarcane fibers A; (2) Placing the sugarcane fiber A into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding glyoxal and thioglycollic acid, uniformly stirring, controlling the pH = 3.2-3.6 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out a crosslinking reaction; washing and freeze-drying; obtaining a gel material;
the preparation method of the impregnation liquid comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon dioxide in ethanol to obtain a suspension; adding hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone, and uniformly stirring to obtain an impregnation solution;
the concentration of the suspension is 8-10 wt%; the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, dibutyl tin dichloride and 2-hydroxyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone is 0.5 (1.2-1.5) to 0.2-0.24 (0.3).
2. The method for preparing a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the alkalization treatment process, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 3-5 wt%, the temperature is 75-85 ℃, and the time is 4-6 hours; in the hydrophilic treatment process, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 15-20 wt%; the time is 1 to 2 hours; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 4-5 wt%; in the cross-linking reaction process, the stirring speed is 800-1000 rmp, the temperature is 85-95 ℃, and the time is 8-12 hours.
3. The method for preparing a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2, the temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the treatment time is 30-40 minutes in the dipping treatment process.
4. A paper-surface gypsum board prepared by the method for preparing a high-strength environment-friendly paper-surface gypsum board according to any one of claims 1 to 3; the structure of the gypsum plaster board is that the unit mass area is 200-220 g/m from top to bottom 2 The surface paper, the gypsum core layer and the unit area mass of the gypsum core layer are 180 to 200g/m 2 The base paper of (1).
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CN111606674A (en) * 2019-06-21 2020-09-01 中建材创新科技研究院有限公司 High-sound-insulation paper-surface gypsum board and preparation method thereof
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CN108948802A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-12-07 来安县森浩茂环保工程有限公司 A kind of automatic cleaning coating of translucency enhancing
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