CN114802323B - Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car - Google Patents
Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114802323B CN114802323B CN202210364495.0A CN202210364495A CN114802323B CN 114802323 B CN114802323 B CN 114802323B CN 202210364495 A CN202210364495 A CN 202210364495A CN 114802323 B CN114802323 B CN 114802323B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- unloading
- pressurizer
- mixing tank
- air
- annular
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/02—Hopper cars with discharge openings in the bottoms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a particulate matter unloading device of a special railway hopper car, which is arranged at the bottom of each divided storage and hold of the railway hopper car and comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each group of storage and hold and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of a car body, wherein the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with a compressed air mechanism; each set of discharge mechanisms includes a discharge hopper, a discharge mixer, and an annular pressurizer. The invention adopts the gravity and pressure air mixed unloading technology, and utilizes the special function of the annular pressurizer to improve the unloading speed and the unloading capacity of the vehicle; the unloading mixer flows into the mixing tank under the gravity action of the particulate matters, meanwhile, the pressure air enters the mixing tank from the porous plate and forms a gas-solid two-phase mixture with the particulate matters, so that the goods have certain fluidity, flow out from the annular pressurizer straight-through pipe, and meanwhile, the unloading efficiency is improved by assisting with the negative pressure generated by the annular pressurizer; the bottom of each bin of the tank car is symmetrically arranged, so that the two sides of the car body can be unloaded simultaneously, and the unloading capacity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway transportation equipment, and particularly relates to a particulate unloading device of a special railway hopper car.
Background
Along with the increase of national economy, the demand for synthetic resins is also increasing. The synthetic resin raw material belongs to granular flowable solid materials, and railway transportation is adopted, so that the cost of goods is reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
At present, synthetic resin is mainly transported by railway boxcars, containers and special tank cars for roads at home and abroad. Railway boxcars are mainly shipped in 25kg woven bags, and have the following problems: the packaging cost is high, the transportation loss is high, and the packaging is easy to damage due to repeated turning in the process of transportation; and the loading and unloading manpower cost is high, and at least five links from petrochemical enterprises to clients need to be manually carried or loaded and unloaded. The synthetic resin is transported by adopting a container for part of enterprises in China and parts of North America, and mainly comprises lining bags, ton bags and other modes, and the transportation difficulties comprise: the phenomenon of ton shortage exists, and the transportation cost is increased; the petrochemical enterprises and clients need to reform container bulk equipment; the downstream clients are required to be stable in license plate number and large in usage. In recent years, some domestic enterprises begin to transport special tank trucks for clients in areas by using roads, and the transportation mode is not suitable for long-distance and large-traffic transportation, and the road transportation is greatly influenced by uncontrollable factors such as weather, road conditions and the like. The special tank wagon for the highway has smaller load, high cost of the single wagon and higher overall transportation cost.
Currently, the synthetic resin transportation mode mainly adopts a manual or gravity-based unloading mode. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a railway vehicle for transporting synthetic resin-based granular chemical materials and a discharging device thereof, which have an automatic discharging function, a large transport capacity and a long transport distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a particulate unloading device of a special railway hopper car according to the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to provide a device for realizing automatic unloading of a loaded granular material by mixing and flowing solid particles along with airflow by utilizing gravity and air-pneumatic.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The particulate matter unloading device of the special railway hopper car is arranged at the bottom of each separated storage and hold of the railway hopper car and is supplied with air by a hopper car compressed air mechanism, and is characterized in that: the unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each set of cargo storage hold and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the vehicle body, and the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with the compressed air mechanism;
each set of unloading mechanism comprises an unloading funnel, an unloading mixer and an annular pressurizer;
the unloading hopper is arranged at the bottom of the cargo storage hold and is of a hopper-shaped structure;
The discharge mixer includes: the mixing tank is arranged at the bottom of the funnel shape, an inlet wide gap is arranged between two sides of the inclined surface and the cargo storage and hold for inflow of granular cargoes, one end of the mixing tank is provided with a porous plate and is connected with an air inlet pipe I of the air supply system, and the other end of the mixing tank is provided with a mixing tank outlet and is connected with the annular pressurizer through a butterfly valve;
The annular pressurizer is a conical structure, comprising: the device comprises a pressurizer body with a conical structure, wherein a straight-through pipe is arranged at the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body along the axial direction, one end of the straight-through pipe is connected with an outlet of a mixing tank through a butterfly valve, the other end of the straight-through pipe stretches into the cone of the pressurizer body, a quick connector is arranged at the small end outlet of the cone of the pressurizer body, an air inlet is formed in the circumferential wall of the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body, and the air inlet is connected with an air inlet pipe II of an air supply system through a one-way valve;
the air supply system supplies air to each set of unloading mechanism, and the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are parallel and parallel.
Further, the inclined surface is a symmetrical arc surface structure or an intersecting symmetrical ridge surface structure, and inlet wide slits for inflow of granular cargoes are arranged between the arc surface or the ridge surface and the cargo storage tank wall.
Further the discharge blender is tubular prefabricated structure and fixed the setting in discharge funnel bottom, including prefabricated integrative end cover, perforated plate, mixing tank lid and mixing tank export, mixing tank lid below is the recess that forms after excision part tubular body, forms the entry wide gap that is used for granule goods inflow between mixing tank lid both sides and the storage cargo hold wall, and mixing tank lid below recess forms the mixing tank.
The front end position of the straight-through pipe extending into the cone body of the pressurizer body is located at a position which is more than one half of the axial direction of the cone body of the pressurizer body.
The air inlet arranged on the circumferential wall of the large end of the pressurizer body cone is positioned at the rear part of the radial plane of the end face of the front end of the straight-through pipe extending into the pressurizer body cone.
The air supply system supplies air to each set of unloading mechanism, and the front ends of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe which are connected in parallel are provided with a cutting-off plug door.
The unloading funnel comprises a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, wherein the funnel-shaped structure is formed by an arc-shaped bottom plate and end plates at two ends, and an opening of the funnel-shaped structure is upwards connected with the bottom of the cargo storage cabin in a sealing manner.
The invention has the following advantages: the unloading device adopts the gravity and pressure air mixed unloading technology, and utilizes the special function of the annular pressurizer, thereby being beneficial to improving the unloading speed and the unloading capacity of the vehicle; the unloading mixer flows into the mixing tank under the gravity action of the particulate matters, meanwhile, the pressure air enters the mixing tank from the porous plate and forms a gas-solid two-phase mixture with the particulate matters, so that the goods have certain fluidity, flow out from the annular pressurizer straight-through pipe, and meanwhile, the unloading efficiency is improved by assisting with the negative pressure generated by the annular pressurizer; the bottom of each bin of the tank car is symmetrically arranged, so that the two sides of the car body can be unloaded simultaneously, and the unloading capacity is improved. The quick connector is adopted at the unloading port, so that the cargo conveying device is convenient to connect and detach during unloading operation, the work efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a discharge apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the discharge mixer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge mixer mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an annular pressurizer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the annular pressurizer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an air supply line of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is an annular pressurizer, 2 is an air supply system, 3 is a butterfly valve, 4 is a one-way valve, 5 is a discharge hopper, 6 is a discharge mixer, and 7 is a quick connector;
The device is characterized in that the device comprises a pressurizer body 11, a sealing plate 12, a pressurizer flange I13, a straight through pipe 14, a pressurizer flange II 15, an air inlet pipe I21, an air inlet pipe II 22, an air supply pipe 23, a main air pipe 24, a cutting plug door 25, an end cover 61, a porous plate 62, a mixing tank cover 63, a mixing tank outlet 64 and a mixing tank 65.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative of the principles of the present invention and not in any way limiting, nor will the same or similar techniques be used in connection with the present invention beyond the scope of the present invention.
In combination with the accompanying drawings.
The particulate unloading device of the special railway hopper car realizes particulate unloading by utilizing the mixed action of gravity and air pressure. The unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms, each set of unloading mechanism consists of an unloading funnel 5, an unloading mixer 6, a butterfly valve 3, a quick connector 7, an annular pressurizer 1, a dust cover, a one-way valve 4, a cut-off plug door and the like, and each set of unloading mechanism provides high-pressure air by a parallel air supply system 2; the unloading mechanisms consisting of the unloading hopper 5, the unloading mixer 6, the butterfly valve 3 and the annular pressurizer 1 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of each cargo storage and hold, so that simultaneous unloading at two sides of the vehicle body can be realized. And for each storage cargo hold separated and arranged by the tank truck, a discharging device is arranged at the bottom of each storage cargo hold to realize simultaneous discharging.
As shown in the figure, during unloading, synthetic resin granular cargoes enter the unloading hopper 5 from a cargo storage and hold of a car body under the action of gravity, pressurized air is provided by the air supply system 2 to enter the unloading mechanism in two paths, one path enters the annular pressurizer 1 through the cutoff plug door 25, the air inlet pipe II 22 and the one-way valve 4, and the other path enters the unloading mixer 6 through the air inlet pipe I21 with an air inlet elbow and passes through the perforated plate 62 in the unloading mixer 6 to enter the bottom of the unloading hopper 5. The pressure air entering the unloading funnel 5 and granular goods in the unloading funnel 5 form a gas-solid two-phase mixture, so that the goods have certain flowing property, the annular pressure air sprayed by the annular pressurizer 1 further dilutes the solid-gas two-phase mixture, and certain negative pressure is formed at the outlet side, so that the solid-gas two-phase mixture is easier to flow, and the unloading speed and capacity are improved. The first air inlet pipe 21 enters the unloading mixer 6 and the pressurized air passing through the annular pressurizer 1 simultaneously act on the pressurized air to push the goods to enter the ground goods conveying pipeline and the goods storage cabin through the butterfly valve 3, the annular pressurizer 1 and the quick connector 7.
As shown in the figure, the unloading funnel 5 is formed by welding a bottom plate, a first end plate and a second end plate into a funnel shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the opening is upward. The inner side surfaces of the bottom plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are smooth and have no protrusions, so that the cargo is discharged. The first end plate and the second end plate are provided with round holes for installing the unloading mixer 6.
The invention adopts an integrally designed unloading mixer 6 to be arranged at the bottom of an unloading funnel 5 and forms an automatic unloading mechanism with the annular pressurizer 1.
Discharge mixer 6 in this example is composed of end cap 61, perforated plate 62, mixing tank cover 63, mixing tank outlet 64, mixing tank 65, etc. The discharge mixer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the discharge hopper 5, a mixing groove 65 is formed in the middle of the discharge mixer, and the opening is downward, and the two sides of the opening and the entrance wide gap formed by the wall of the discharge hopper 5 facilitate the goods to flow into the mixing groove 65 of the discharge mixer 6. The outlet end is connected with the annular pressurizer 1 through a flange, and the inlet end is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe I21 of the air supply system 2 through an end cover 61. Perforated plate 62 is disposed inside front inlet end cap 61 of mixing tank 65. The flange of the outlet end can also be detachably coupled to the annular presser 1 by means of a butterfly valve 3.
As shown in the figure, the annular pressurizer 1 mainly comprises a pressurizer body 11, a sealing plate 12, a straight through pipe 14, a pressurizer flange I13, a pressurizer flange II 15 and the like, the front end of the annular pressurizer 1 is made to form negative pressure by using pressure air, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of a discharging mechanism is increased, and meanwhile, the pressure air can push goods which are not discharged out of the annular pressurizer 1 in time to be discharged, so that blockage is avoided. The annular pressurizer body 11 is conical, two ends are communicated, the larger end of the annular pressurizer body is fixedly connected with the sealing plate 12, the smaller end of the annular pressurizer body is detachably connected with the quick connector 7, a bypass air pipe is arranged on the side face of the pressurizer body 11 and is fixedly connected with the pressurizer flange II 15, and the pressurizer flange II 15 is detachably connected with the air pipe. The closure plate 12 is perforated for mounting the through-tube 14. The outer diameter of the through pipe 14 is smaller than that of the pressurizer body 11, one end of the through pipe is inserted into the sealing plate 12 for a proper distance and fixedly connected with the sealing plate 12, and the other end of the through pipe is fixedly connected with the pressurizer flange I13. The first presser flange 13 is detachably connected with the butterfly valve 3.
One end of the quick connector 7 is detachably connected with the annular pressurizer 1, the other end of the quick connector is in a quick connector structure, the quick connector can be connected with a ground unloading facility of a user, and a dust cover can be installed when the quick connector is not used for unloading, so that the labor intensity is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
The air supply system 2 is provided with a main air pipe connected with the train air supply pipe, the main air pipe is divided into four air supply pipelines through connecting joints, and the air supply pipelines are symmetrically arranged for supplying air to unloading mechanisms on two sides. One air supply pipe I21 of each side is connected with an end cover 61 of the unloading mixer 6, the other air supply pipe II 22 of each side is connected with the pressurizer body 11 through a one-way valve 4, and the one-way valve 4 arranged in front of the pressurizer body 11 can avoid air backflow. The air supply pipeline on each side is provided with a cut-off plug door 25, so that the unloading mechanisms on two sides can simultaneously or independently unload.
During unloading, granular cargoes enter the unloading funnel 5 from the cargo storage and hold of the car body under the action of gravity, and pressure air enters the unloading device in two paths through the air supply pipe system, wherein one path enters the annular pressurizer 1 through the cutoff plug door 25, the air inlet pipe II 22 and the one-way valve 4, and the other path enters the unloading mixer 6 through the air inlet pipe I21 and passes through the perforated plate 62 in the unloading mixer 6 to enter the unloading funnel 5. The pressure air entering the unloading funnel 5 and granular goods in the unloading funnel 5 form a gas-solid two-phase mixture, so that the goods have certain flowing performance, the annular pressure air sprayed by the annular pressurizer 1 can further dilute the solid-gas two-phase mixture, so that the solid-gas two-phase mixture is easier to flow, and the unloading speed and capacity are improved. Under the simultaneous action of the pressurized air entering the unloading mixer 6 from the first air inlet pipe 21 and passing through the annular pressurizer 1, the pushed goods enter the ground goods conveying pipeline and the goods storage cabin through the butterfly valve 3, the annular pressurizer 1 and the quick connector 7.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car, discharge device sets up in each divided type of railway hopper car stores up cargo hold bottom, is supplied air by hopper car compressed air mechanism, its characterized in that: the unloading device comprises two sets of unloading mechanisms which are arranged at the bottom of each set of cargo storage hold and symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the vehicle body, and the two sets of unloading mechanisms are supplied with air in parallel by an air supply system connected with the compressed air mechanism;
each set of unloading mechanism comprises an unloading funnel, an unloading mixer and an annular pressurizer;
the unloading hopper is arranged at the bottom of the cargo storage hold and is of a hopper-shaped structure;
The discharge mixer includes: the mixing tank is arranged at the bottom of the funnel shape, an inlet wide gap is arranged between two sides of the inclined surface and the cargo storage and hold for inflow of granular cargoes, one end of the mixing tank is provided with a porous plate and is connected with an air inlet pipe I of the air supply system, and the other end of the mixing tank is provided with a mixing tank outlet and is connected with the annular pressurizer through a butterfly valve;
The annular pressurizer is a conical structure, comprising: the device comprises a pressurizer body with a conical structure, wherein a straight-through pipe is arranged at the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body along the axial direction, one end of the straight-through pipe is connected with an outlet of a mixing tank through a butterfly valve, the other end of the straight-through pipe stretches into the cone of the pressurizer body, a quick connector is arranged at the small end outlet of the cone of the pressurizer body, an air inlet is formed in the circumferential wall of the large end of the cone of the pressurizer body, and the air inlet is connected with an air inlet pipe II of an air supply system through a one-way valve;
the air supply system supplies air to each set of unloading mechanism, and the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are parallel and parallel.
2. The particulate matter discharge device of a dedicated railroad hopper car of claim 1, wherein: the inclined surface is a symmetrical arc surface structure or a crossed and symmetrical ridge surface structure, and inlet wide slits for inflow of granular cargoes are arranged between the arc surface or the ridge surface and the cargo storage tank wall.
3. The particulate matter discharge device of a dedicated railroad hopper car as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the unloading mixer is of a tubular prefabricated structure and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the unloading funnel, and comprises an end cover, a porous plate, a mixing tank cover and a mixing tank outlet which are prefabricated integrally, wherein a groove is formed after a part of tubular body is cut off below the mixing tank cover, an inlet wide seam for inflow of granular cargoes is formed between two sides of the mixing tank cover and the wall of the cargo storage tank, and a mixing tank is formed in the groove below the mixing tank cover.
4. A particulate matter unloading device for a dedicated railroad hopper car as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the front end position of the straight-through pipe extending into the cone body of the pressurizer body is located at a position which is more than one half of the axial direction of the cone body of the pressurizer body.
5. The particulate matter discharge apparatus of a dedicated railroad hopper car as defined in claim 4, wherein: the air inlet arranged on the circumferential wall of the large end of the pressurizer body cone is positioned at the rear part of the radial plane of the end face of the front end of the straight-through pipe extending into the pressurizer body cone.
6. The particulate matter discharge apparatus of a dedicated railroad hopper car as defined in claim 4, wherein: the air supply system supplies air to each set of unloading mechanism, and the front ends of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe which are connected in parallel are provided with a cutting-off plug door.
7. The particulate matter discharge apparatus of a dedicated railroad hopper car as defined in claim 4, wherein: the unloading funnel comprises a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, wherein the funnel-shaped structure is formed by an arc-shaped bottom plate and end plates at two ends, and an opening of the funnel-shaped structure is upwards connected with the bottom of the cargo storage cabin in a sealing manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210364495.0A CN114802323B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210364495.0A CN114802323B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114802323A CN114802323A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
| CN114802323B true CN114802323B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN202210364495.0A Active CN114802323B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Particulate matter discharge device of special railway hopper car |
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