CN114799605B

CN114799605B - Carriage automatic weld production line

Info

Publication number: CN114799605B
Application number: CN202210656555.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李帮海; 胡旭东; 杜卫东
Original assignee: Qingling Motors Group Co Ltd; Qingling Motors Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qingling Motors Group Co Ltd; Qingling Motors Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-10
Filing date: 2022-06-10
Publication date: 2023-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-10
Also published as: CN114799605A

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic carriage welding production line which comprises a total combined welding device, a piece delivery pushing device, a carriage overturning device, a carriage repair welding device and an assembly and adjustment line which are sequentially arranged along production procedures; the total combined welding device comprises a clamp arranged at a welding station and a welding robot used for welding; the delivery pushing device is used for receiving the carriage from the welding station and conveying the carriage to the carriage overturning device; the carriage overturning device is used for clamping and overturning the carriage and then placing the carriage to the carriage repair welding device; and a transfer mechanism for transferring the carriage from the carriage repair welding device to the assembly and adjustment line is arranged between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line. The bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the front plate of the carriage are welded at the welding station to realize the welding of the back surface, the front surface is welded through the conveying device, the turnover device and the repair welding fixture arranged on the repair welding device, and the repair welding is transferred to the assembly and adjustment line through the transfer mechanism after the repair welding is finished, so that the automation of carriage combination welding is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Carriage automatic weld production line

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to an automatic carriage welding production line.

Background

When the existing carriage assembly is welded, a front plate, side plates and a bottom plate are required to be welded together, and usually, after the front plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the bottom plate are positioned and finished through corresponding combined clamps at a preparation station, the front plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the bottom plate are sent to an operation position to finish welding all points manually; because the welding positions of the carriage are more, not only the back welding is needed, but also the repair welding is needed on the front, in the actual production process, the clamping and all welding procedures are usually completed at one station, the beat is slower, the downstream assembly efficiency is affected, and the overall production efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic welding production line for carriages, which improves production efficiency.

To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

an automatic carriage welding production line comprises a total combined welding device, a piece discharging pushing device, a carriage overturning device, a carriage repair welding device and an assembly and adjustment line which are sequentially arranged along production procedures;

the total combined welding device comprises a clamp arranged at a welding station and a welding robot used for welding;

the delivery pushing device is used for receiving the carriage from the welding station and conveying the carriage to the carriage overturning device;

The carriage overturning device is used for clamping and overturning the carriage by a designated angle and then placing the carriage overturning device into the carriage repair welding device;

the carriage repair welding device comprises a repair welding fixture and a repair welding robot, wherein the repair welding fixture is used for repairing and welding the carriage;

and a transfer mechanism for transferring the carriage from the carriage repair welding device to the assembly and adjustment line is arranged between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line.

Optionally, the total combined welding device further comprises two upper part assembling stations, wherein one upper part assembling station is provided with a longitudinal sliding table, the other upper part assembling station is provided with a transverse sliding table, and the transverse sliding table and the longitudinal sliding table are both provided with clamps; the longitudinal sliding table can move between the corresponding upper assembly station and the welding station along the longitudinal track, the transverse sliding table can move between the corresponding upper assembly station and the welding station along the transverse track, and the longitudinal sliding table is perpendicular to the movement direction of the transverse sliding table; the position where the longitudinal rail and the transverse rail intersect is provided with a first avoidance channel for avoiding the transverse sliding table and a second avoidance channel for avoiding the longitudinal sliding table.

Optionally, the transverse track and the longitudinal track are two; the welding station is provided with two first rails for bearing the longitudinal sliding table and two second rails for bearing the transverse sliding table, the first rails and the second rails enclose a rectangular structure, the first rails are in one-to-one correspondence with the longitudinal rails, and a first avoidance channel is formed between the first rails and the longitudinal rails; the second tracks are in one-to-one correspondence with the transverse tracks, and a second avoidance channel is formed between the second tracks and the transverse tracks.

Optionally, the delivery pushing device comprises a pushing mechanism and supporting roller groups positioned at two sides of the pushing mechanism; the support roller set extends to the carriage turning device from the welding station, the pushing mechanism comprises a frame, a sliding rail arranged on the frame, a conveying sliding table arranged on the sliding rail in a erecting mode and a conveying driving mechanism used for driving the sliding table to move along the sliding rail, and a clamping mechanism used for clamping the carriage is arranged on the conveying sliding table.

Optionally, a supplementing and pushing mechanism is arranged on the sliding table, the supplementing and pushing mechanism comprises a driving cylinder, a main pushing arm, an action arm, a driving gear and a driven gear which are meshed with each other, the main pushing arm is connected with the driving gear and can synchronously rotate, the action arm is connected with the driven gear and synchronously rotates, and a pushing frame for supplementing and pushing a carriage is arranged on the action arm; the driving cylinder is connected with the main pushing arm and is used for driving the main pushing arm to rotate, so that the gear pair formed by the driving gear and the driven gear drives the action arm and the pushing frame to rotate.

Optionally, the supplementing and pushing mechanism is arranged at one end of the conveying sliding table, which is close to the carriage overturning device, and the clamping mechanism is arranged at one end of the conveying sliding table, which is close to the welding station; the supplementing pushing mechanism is provided with a working position and a folding position, and when the supplementing pushing mechanism is positioned at the folding position, the positions of the acting arm and the pushing frame are lower than the carriage and can avoid the carriage; when the carriage is in the working position, the pushing frame is propped against the rear of the bottom plate of the carriage, and the carriage is pushed to move forwards.

Optionally, the supplementing pushing mechanism further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the maximum rotation range of the main pushing arm or the acting arm, and the supplementing pushing mechanism is further provided with a detecting element for detecting the maximum rotation position of the main pushing arm.

Optionally, carriage turning device is including setting up the upset axle on the frame, the upset frame of being connected with the upset axle and be used for driving upset axle pivoted upset actuating mechanism, be provided with the counter weight on the upset axle, counter weight and upset frame are located the both sides of upset axle respectively, be provided with the upset anchor clamps that are used for the clamping carriage on the upset frame.

Optionally, the upset anchor clamps include two sets of fixture about the symmetry setting, and every fixture of group is including the supporting mechanism who is used for supporting carriage front bezel lower part for press from both sides the front bezel clamping mechanism of carriage front bezel upper portion, be used for pressing from both sides the anterior clamping mechanism of sideboard upper beam, middle part, rear portion sideboard upper beam, sideboard upper beam middle part clamping mechanism and sideboard upper beam rear clamping mechanism respectively, wherein the position of front bezel clamping mechanism is fixed or can adjust from front to rear.

Optionally, the assembling and adjusting line comprises a plate chain and a plate chain driving mechanism for driving the plate chain to drive, and at least one group of supports for supporting the carriage are arranged on the plate chain; the carriage repair welding clamp comprises a repair welding support used for supporting a carriage bottom plate and a positioning assembly used for positioning the carriage bottom plate, a transmission track is arranged between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line, a transmission sliding table is arranged on the transmission track, the carriage repair welding clamp is arranged on the transmission track and can move between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line along the transmission track, and a lifting driving mechanism used for driving the repair welding support and the positioning assembly to move up and down is arranged on the carriage repair welding clamp.

As described above, the invention has the beneficial effects that: after the bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the front plate of the carriage are clamped by the clamps, the welding robot is used for realizing the welding of the back surface of the carriage at the welding station, the carriage conveying device is used for conveying the carriage to the next station after the welding is finished, namely, the carriage overturning device is used for clamping and overturning the carriage, so that the carriage is overturned and placed on a repair welding clamp of the repair welding device, then the front surface welding is finished by the repair welding robot, the carriage with all welding procedures is transferred to an assembling and adjusting line by the transfer mechanism after the repair welding is finished, the subsequent accessory installation, debugging, inspection and the like are finished on the assembling and adjusting line, and the production line is convenient for realizing the automation of carriage combination welding and improves the production efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan layout of an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a general combination welding apparatus in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a welding station and two preparation stations in one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a longitudinal slipway and a welding station in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a bottom structure of the longitudinal slipway in one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transverse slipway and a welding station in one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a U-shaped second support rail according to one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the first support rail, the transverse rail, and the longitudinal rail in one embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of support and guide rollers in one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a driving mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a buffer mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the delivery pusher, carriage overturning device, carriage repair welding device and alignment line (with carriage) in one embodiment;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an output piece pushing device, a carriage overturning device, a carriage repair welding device and an assembly line in one embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a pushing mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a boost mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a front view of a boost mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a car dumper according to an embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a roll-over stand and a side clamp in one embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a support mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of various clamps used to clamp left and right side panel side rails in one embodiment;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing a lower structure of a front plate clamping mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view showing the upper structure of a front plate clamping mechanism in one embodiment;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a car restraint structure in one embodiment;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing the construction of a cabin lifting roller set in one embodiment;

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a repair welding device and a wire bonding assembly and adjustment joint for a carriage in one embodiment;

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a single-sided transfer slip and repair welding fixture in one embodiment;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of a positioning assembly in one embodiment;

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of an upper portion of a positioning assembly in one embodiment;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first repair welding holder according to an embodiment;

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a second repair welding support according to an embodiment;

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an assembly tuning line.

Description of the embodiments

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the present example illustrates an automatic welding line for a vehicle compartment (or hopper) floor, left side panel, right side panel, and front panel for welding assembly; the device comprises a total combined welding device 100, a piece-discharging pushing device 200, a carriage overturning device 300, a carriage repair welding device 400 and an assembly and adjustment line 600 which are sequentially arranged along the production procedure, wherein the front and back directions in the example are that the carriage is transmitted from back to front;

the general combined welding device 100 comprises a clamp 15 arranged at a welding station and a welding robot 10 used for welding, wherein the clamp 15 is used for clamping a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a front plate of a carriage, and the welding robot 10 is used for welding after clamping; of course, a lifting mechanism can be further arranged to lift the bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the front plate to the clamp, for example, an electric hoist or a manipulator is adopted for grabbing, and the like. The upper part assembly station is arranged in the embodiment, a sliding table is arranged at the upper part assembly station, a clamp 15 is arranged on the sliding table, a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a front plate are clamped, and the sliding table is moved to a welding station C through a rail to be welded after the clamping is completed.

The delivery pushing device 200 is arranged between the total combined welding device 100 and the carriage overturning device 300, and is used for receiving the carriage welded by the welding station C, conveying the carriage to the carriage overturning device 300 and carrying out subsequent processing;

The carriage turning device 300 is used for clamping and turning over the carriage by a designated angle, then placing the carriage in the carriage repair welding device 400, and welding the position to be repair welded, in this example, turning over by 180 degrees, namely, performing the repair welding on the other surface of the carriage, wherein the carriage turning device 300 comprises a structure for clamping the carriage and a turned-over structure;

the carriage repair welding device 400 comprises a repair welding clamp for repairing the carriage and a repair welding robot 40, wherein the carriage overturned by the carriage overturning device 300 is supported on the repair welding clamp, and then repair welding work is completed through the repair welding robot 40;

the transfer mechanism 500 for transferring the carriage from the carriage repair welding device to the assembly and adjustment line 600 is arranged between the carriage repair welding device 400 and the assembly and adjustment line 600, the carriage after repair welding is transferred to the assembly and adjustment line 600 by the transfer mechanism 500, and subsequent accessory installation and other works are performed on the assembly and adjustment line 600, and the carriage is taken off after completion.

Above-mentioned structure, the bottom plate of carriage, left side board, right side board, front bezel pass through the clamping of anchor clamps 15 after, realize the welding by welding robot 10 at welding station C, carry to next station by carriage conveyor 200 after welding, carriage turning device 300 promptly, clamp and upset through carriage turning device 300 for the carriage overturns and places on the repair welding anchor clamps of repair welding device, then accomplish the welding through repair welding robot 40, transfer the carriage that will accomplish all welding processes to dress and transfer line 600 through transfer mechanism 500 after the repair welding is accomplished, accomplish the welding production of follow-up annex on dress transfer line, debug, inspection etc. to this production line is convenient for realize the automation of carriage combination welding, improves production efficiency.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, the total combined welding apparatus 100 further includes two upper assembly stations (a first preparation station a, a second preparation station B) where clamping of the bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate, and the front plate of the cabin is completed; the first preparation station A is provided with a longitudinal sliding table 121, the second preparation station B is provided with a transverse sliding table 131, and the transverse sliding table 131 and the longitudinal sliding table 121 are respectively provided with a clamp 15 for clamping parts; the longitudinal sliding table 121 can move between the corresponding first preparation station A and the welding station C along the longitudinal rail 122, the transverse sliding table 131 can move between the second preparation station B and the welding station C along the transverse rail 132, and the movement directions of the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the transverse sliding table 131 are vertical and all move in the horizontal plane; the position where the longitudinal rail 122 intersects with the transverse rail 132 is provided with a first avoiding channel 145 for avoiding the transverse sliding table 131 and a second avoiding channel 146 for avoiding the longitudinal sliding table 121.

Specifically, the transverse rail 132 and the longitudinal rail 122 are two; the welding station C is provided with two first support rails 141 for bearing the longitudinal sliding table 121 and two second support rails 142 for bearing the transverse sliding table 131, the first support rails 141 and the second support rails 142 enclose a rectangular structure, the two first support rails 141 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two longitudinal rails 122, and a first avoiding channel 145 is formed between the first support rails 141 and the longitudinal rails 122; the two second support rails 142 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two transverse rails 132, and a second avoiding channel 146 is formed between the second support rails 142 and the transverse rails 132.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this example, a longitudinal rail 122 extending from a first preparation station a to a welding station C is provided on the base 11, a longitudinal sliding table 121 is supported on the longitudinal rail 122, a clamp 15 is mounted on the longitudinal sliding table 121 to clamp a workpiece, when the longitudinal sliding table 121 is positioned on the first preparation station a and also positioned on the longitudinal rail 122, a first driving mechanism is provided between the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the base 11 and used for driving the longitudinal sliding table 121 to move along the longitudinal rail 122 between the first preparation station a and the welding station C, so that the clamped workpiece can be sent to the welding station C for welding or processing, and after the welding or processing is completed, the clamped workpiece is returned to the first preparation station a for clamping the next workpiece.

The base 11 is provided with a transverse rail 132 extending from the second preparation station B to the welding station C, the transverse sliding table 131 is arranged on the transverse rail 132, the transverse sliding table 131 is provided with a clamp 15 for clamping a workpiece, when the transverse sliding table 131 is positioned at the second preparation station B, the transverse sliding table 131 is also positioned on the transverse rail 132, a second driving mechanism is arranged between the transverse sliding table 131 and the base 11 and is used for driving the transverse sliding table 131 to move along the transverse rail 132 between the second preparation station B and the welding station C, so that the clamped workpiece can be sent to the welding station C for welding or processing, and after the welding or processing is completed, the workpiece is returned to the second preparation station B for clamping the next workpiece.

Wherein, the transverse slipway 131 and the longitudinal slipway 121 both move in the horizontal direction, and the moving direction of the two is vertical.

In the above structure, the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the transverse sliding table 131 are respectively positioned at the first preparation station a and the second preparation station B, when one sliding table clamps a workpiece and moves to the welding station C for processing, the other sliding table clamps the workpiece simultaneously, and the process is performed alternately, so that the production takt can be ensured, and the production efficiency is improved; the first avoidance channel 145 and the second avoidance channel 146 are both used for avoiding the traveling passage of the sliding tables, avoiding interference, and realizing the crossed flexible multi-station collineation of the two sliding tables. Corresponding to the track which is formed into a rectangular frame shape by the first support track 141 and the second support track 142 in a surrounding way on the welding station C, wherein two parallel tracks are used for supporting the transverse sliding table 131, and the other two parallel tracks are used for supporting the longitudinal sliding table 121; the rail supporting the longitudinal slide table 121 corresponds to the division into the longitudinal rail 122 and the first support rail 141, and the rail supporting the lateral slide table 131 corresponds to the division into the lateral rail 132 and the second support rail 142.

As shown in fig. 6 and 10, in this example, each of the transverse sliding table 131 and the longitudinal sliding table 121 includes a sliding seat (i.e., a sliding table body), and at least one set of support rollers 173 and at least one set of guide rollers 177 disposed below the sliding seat, where the support rollers 173 are supported on corresponding rails for walking and carrying the weight of the sliding table, and the guide rollers 177 lean against the sides of the corresponding rails, specifically, the outer sides of the rails, to prevent the sliding table from being deviated during the walking process.

Each sliding table is erected on two corresponding tracks, guide rollers 177 are arranged on the outer sides of the two tracks, and the outer circular surfaces of the guide rollers 177 are in contact with the outer side walls of the tracks; a plurality of sets of support rollers 173 may be provided below the carriage in the moving direction.

As shown in fig. 6 and 10, a plurality of supporting and guiding roller groups 17 are installed under the sliding seat, each supporting and guiding roller group 17 comprises a roller seat 171, a supporting plate group 172, supporting rollers 173 and guiding rollers 177, the roller seat 171 is installed under the sliding seat, the supporting plate group 172 is arranged on the roller seat 171, the supporting rollers 173 are installed on the supporting plate group 172 through supporting shafts 174, one supporting roller 173 to a plurality of supporting rollers 173 can be arranged on each roller seat 171, wherein a supporting seat 176 is arranged on one side of the roller seat 171 or the supporting plate group 172 in a downward extending manner, the guiding rollers 177 are installed at the lower end of the supporting seat 176, and the axes of the guiding rollers 177 are perpendicular to the axes of the supporting rollers 173; the support roller 173 is positioned higher than the guide roller 177. Guard plates 175 are provided on the front and rear sides of the backup roller 173 in the traveling direction, and the guard plates 175 are connected to the roller seat 171.

In one embodiment, the longitudinal rail 122, the transverse rail 132, the first support rail 141, and the second support rail 142 are each provided with a top surface and an outer side surface, and the top surface and the outer side surface are each provided with a wear plate to improve the service life, and the wear plates may be made of plastic, rubber, resin, or the like.

As shown in fig. 9, specifically, the longitudinal rail 122, the transverse rail 132, the first support rail 141 and the second support rail 142 are similar in structure, each including a bottom plate 191, a vertical plate 192, a top plate 193 and a reinforcing plate 194, the bottom plate 191 is connected to the bottom plate 191 at a lower end thereof by bolts or welded to the base 11, the top plate 193 is connected to an upper end thereof, and the reinforcing plate 194 is connected between the bottom plate 191, the vertical plate 192 and the top plate 193 and is perpendicular to the vertical plate 192; the vertical plate 192 and the top plate 193 are provided with connecting holes, and the wear plate 196 is mounted by fasteners, for example, a plurality of uniform screw holes are provided, and the wear plate 196 is mounted by countersunk bolts. The outer side of the vertical plate 192 is provided with a groove 195 or a spigot for installing the wear plate 196, so that the side surfaces of the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the transverse sliding table 131 can be guided smoothly through the crossing points of the transverse and longitudinal tracks.

Screw holes and pin holes are processed on the bottom plate 191 to ensure the installation precision of the left and right multi-section tracks in the length and width directions; a mounting reference surface, a mounting spigot and a screw hole of the side wear plate 196 are processed on the side surface of the vertical plate 192 so as to meet the mounting precision of the side wear plate 196; the upper surface of the top plate 193 is provided with a mounting reference surface and screw holes for the upper wear plate 196 to meet the mounting accuracy of the upper wear plate 96.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the longitudinal rail 122 is provided with a corresponding longitudinal extending rail 143, and the longitudinal rail 122, the first supporting rail 141 and the longitudinal extending rail 143 are sequentially arranged and in one-to-one correspondence, that is, the first supporting rail 141 is located between the longitudinal rail 122 and the longitudinal extending rail 143, and a first avoiding channel 145 for the transverse sliding table 131 to pass through is also arranged between the end of the first supporting rail 141 and the end of the longitudinal extending rail 143; that is, the gap between the longitudinal rail 122 and the first support rail 141 forms a first avoidance channel 145, and the gap between the first support rail 141 and the longitudinally extending roller way also forms a first avoidance channel 145, and the two first avoidance channels 145 facilitate the guide rollers 177 and the supporting seats 176 on two sides of the transverse sliding table 131 to pass through.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the transverse rail 132 is provided with a corresponding transverse extending rail 144, the transverse rail 132, the second supporting rail 142 and the transverse extending rail 144 are sequentially provided, and a second avoiding channel 146 for the longitudinal sliding table 121 to pass through is also provided between the end of the second supporting rail 142 and the end of the transverse extending rail 144. The two second avoidance passages 146 facilitate the passage of the guide rollers 177 and the abutment 176 on both sides of the longitudinal slide table 121. Wherein the longitudinally extending rails 143 and the transversely extending rails 144 facilitate auxiliary support when the transverse slipway 131 or the longitudinal slipway 121 is located at the welding station C.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in this example, the two second support rails 142 are in a U-shaped structure, and the corresponding wear plates 196 are also in a U-shape (not shown), specifically, the second support rails 142 include a middle connecting end, and a first connecting section and a second connecting section vertically connected to two ends of the middle connecting section, where the three sections are connected to form a U-shaped structure; the U-shaped openings of the two second support rails 142 are arranged opposite to each other, one first support rail 141 is connected between the two first connecting sections, and the other first support rail 141 is connected between the two second connecting sections to form a rectangular structure; the two ends of the outer wear plate 196 corresponding to the first support rail 141 extend outwards and are connected to the outer sides of the corresponding first connecting section and second connecting section, the first connecting section and the second connecting section are correspondingly provided with short side plates, and the outer walls of the short side plates are provided with screw holes and grooves 195 or rabbets for installing the wear plate 196; the structure ensures that the vertical direction bearing of the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the transverse sliding table 131 smoothly passes through the cross point (i.e. the crossing position).

The transverse rail and the longitudinal rail are respectively disconnected and cut off, and the second support rail 142 and the wear-resisting plate 196 thereof are U-shaped, so that the longitudinal sliding table 121 and the transverse sliding table 131 avoid and compensate each other at the cross of the welding station C, the sliding trafficability at the cross is ensured, and the position precision of mutual support, guidance and stopping is met.

As shown in fig. 11, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism each include a rack 184 disposed on the base 11, a gear 183 and a driving motor 181 mounted on the slide, the gear 183 is meshed with the rack 184, the driving motor 181 and the gear 183 are connected with the slide through a connecting base 182, the driving motor 181 is used for driving the gear 183 to rotate, wherein the rack 184 is mounted on the base 11 through a rack base 185, a cover plate 186 is disposed above the rack base 185, the rack 184 is exposed from the side, and the axis of the gear 183 is in the vertical direction. The rack 184 is fixed and drives the slipway to move when the gear 183 rotates.

As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 12, the corresponding bases 11 of the first preparation station a, the second preparation station B and the welding station C are provided with a buffer mechanism 16 for stopping the transverse sliding table 131 and the longitudinal sliding table 121 in place; the first preparation station A and the second preparation station B are respectively provided with two buffer mechanisms 16, the welding station C is provided with two buffer mechanisms 16 corresponding to the longitudinal sliding table 121, the welding station C is provided with two buffer mechanisms 16 corresponding to the transverse sliding table 131, and the four buffer mechanisms 16 of the welding station C are close to the outer edge positions and the longitudinal extension rail 143 and the transverse extension rail 144.

As shown in fig. 12, each buffer mechanism 16 includes a buffer seat 161, and a buffer and a stopper 164 mounted on the buffer seat 161, a stopper seat is provided on the corresponding slide table, the buffer includes a buffer cylinder 162 and a buffer head 163 which are horizontally provided, the buffer head 163 and the stopper 164 face the direction of the slide table, and after the slide table moves in place, the stopper seat abuts against the buffer head 163 of the buffer to realize buffering until the stopper seat 165 abuts against the stopper 164 and then stops. Of course, sensors may be provided on the base 11 at positions corresponding to the respective stations to detect whether the slide is in place, such as photoelectric sensors, proximity switches, and the like.

In one embodiment, the overall combined welding apparatus 100 further includes a first lifting roller set (not shown in the drawings, referring to the lifting roller set of the car dumper 300) for lifting the welded car to a height corresponding to the car conveyor so as to facilitate the downstream transfer of the car conveyor.

As shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, in one embodiment, the delivery pushing device 200 includes a pushing mechanism 21 and supporting roller sets 22 located at both sides of the pushing mechanism 21, the supporting roller sets 22 are supported by a supporting frame for carrying the weight of the carriage, and the supporting roller sets 22 extend from the welding station C to the carriage turning device 300; the pushing mechanism 21 comprises a frame 210, a sliding rail 212 arranged on the frame 210, a conveying sliding table 213 erected on the sliding rail 212 and a conveying driving mechanism for driving the conveying sliding table 213 to move along the sliding rail 212, wherein a clamping mechanism 24 for clamping a carriage is arranged on the conveying sliding table 213.

In this structure, the carriage 700 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 24, and then the conveying slide 213 is driven to move toward the carriage turning device 300 by the conveying drive mechanism, so that the carriage is conveyed to the carriage turning device 300. Wherein the carriage 700 is in a state of facing down on the delivery pushing device 200; after being turned over by the carriage turning device 300, the carriage repair welding device 400 is in a right-side-up state.

As shown in fig. 18, the clamping mechanism 24 includes a first chuck 243, a second chuck 246, and a driving assembly for driving the first chuck 243 and the second chuck 246 to close to and separate from each other, where the driving assembly includes a first driving cylinder 241, a first driving gear 244, and a first driven gear 245, the first driving gear 244 is meshed with the first driven gear 245, the first chuck 243 is fixedly connected with the first driving gear 244 and can rotate synchronously, the second chuck 246 is connected with the first driven gear 245 and rotates synchronously, a tail portion of the first driving cylinder 241 is rotatably mounted on the conveying sliding table 213, a front end of the first driving cylinder 241 is hinged with the first chuck 243 through a connector and can drive the first chuck 243 to rotate, a rotation center of the first chuck 243 is the same as that of the first driving gear 244, the first chuck 243, the second chuck 246, the first driving gear 244, and the first driven gear 245 are all mounted on the chuck 242, and the chuck 242 is mounted on the conveying sliding table 213.

Soft cushion blocks can be arranged on opposite surfaces of the first clamping head 243 and the second clamping head 246, so that a front plate of a carriage is prevented from being damaged; in this example, to avoid the car from being damaged, a first limiting block 247 is disposed between the first clamping head 243 and the second clamping head 246 to limit the minimum gap between the first clamping head 243 and the second clamping head 246; of course, the first detecting element 248 may be provided on the holder 242 corresponding to the open position and the clamped position of the first collet 243, to detect whether the first collet 243 is in place, and the sensing element 249 may be provided on the first collet 243, the first detecting element 248 may be a proximity switch, a photoelectric sensor, or the like, and the sensing element 249 may be a sensing block.

The two chucks are driven to be close to and far away from each other by the gear pair, synchronous movement is realized, and the synchronous clamping of the carriage front plate is facilitated, and the structure is simple; when the clamping mechanism clamps, the carriage is in a state of inverted buckle downward (namely reverse relative to the use state), the clamping mechanism clamps on the front plate, and after the carriage is overturned by the carriage overturning device 300, the front surface is upward as shown in fig. 13.

In this example, a base 211 is provided on a frame 210, two linear slide rails 212 are mounted on the base 211, a conveying slide rail 213 is supported on the linear slide rails 212, a conveying driving mechanism comprises a driving motor 251 and a screw-nut pair which are mounted on the base 211, the driving motor 251 is connected with a screw rod 252 through a coupler, a nut is sleeved on the screw rod 252, and the nut is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conveying slide rail 213, so that the conveying slide rail 213 is driven to move back and forth through the screw-nut pair, and a carriage is conveyed to the downstream and then turned back.

As shown in fig. 14, 16 and 17, in one embodiment, in order to further push the carriage in place, the conveying sliding table 213 is further provided with a supplementing and pushing mechanism 23, that is, the conveying driving mechanism and the screw-nut pair form a primary pushing mechanism, the supplementing and pushing mechanism 23 forms a secondary pushing mechanism, and the two-stage pushing can overcome the problem that the conveying sliding table cannot enter the position where the carriage turning device is located, and is convenient for long-line conveying.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 16, the boost mechanism 23 includes a driving cylinder 231, a main push arm 234, an action arm 237, and a second driving gear 235 and a second driven gear 236 that are meshed, wherein the main push arm 234 is connected to the second driving gear 235 and can rotate synchronously, the action arm 237 is connected to the second driven gear 236 and rotates synchronously, and a push frame 238 for boosting the carriage is provided on the action arm 237; the main pushing arm 234, the acting arm 237, the second driving gear 235 and the second driven gear 236 are all installed on the pushing seat 233, the pushing seat 233 is fixed on the conveying sliding table 213, the tail part of the driving cylinder 231 is hinged with the conveying sliding table 213, and the driving rod of the driving cylinder 231 is hinged with the main pushing arm 234 through a connector 232 and is used for driving the main pushing arm 234 to rotate, so that the acting arm 237 and the pushing frame 238 are driven to rotate by a gear pair formed by the second driving gear 235 and the second driven gear 236. Specifically, when the driving cylinder 231 is extended, the main pushing arm 234 is pushed to rotate, and the main pushing arm 234 rotates while driving the second driving gear 235 to rotate inward, so that the second driven gear 236 and the acting arm 237 are driven to rotate inward, and at this time, the pushing frame 238 rotates forward and lifts up, and the pushing frame 238 abuts against the rear of the floor, so that the cabin is pushed to move forward. The driving cylinder 231 is a cylinder in this example, and other power components, such as a hydraulic cylinder, may be used for the driving cylinder 231 in other embodiments.

In this example, in order to increase the conveying stroke, the compensating pushing mechanism 23 is disposed at one end of the conveying sliding table 213 close to the carriage overturning device 300, and the clamping mechanism 24 is disposed at one end of the conveying sliding table 213 close to the welding station C; the supplementing pushing mechanism 23 has a working position and a folding position, when in the folding position, the acting arm 237 and the pushing frame 238 are positioned lower than the carriage and can avoid the carriage, so that the carriage passes over the pushing frame 238, and the bottom plate is positioned at the front side of the pushing frame 238; when in the operating position, the push shelf 238 abuts behind the floor of the car, pushing the car forward. The push rack 238 in this example includes a cross bar and two push rods attached to the cross bar, and in other embodiments may be configured differently depending on the vehicle cabin.

In one embodiment, the supplemental pushing mechanism 23 further includes a limiting structure 239 for limiting the maximum rotation range of the main pushing arm 234 or the acting arm 237, where the limiting structure 239 is a second limiting block, and the second limiting block is installed on the pushing seat 233, located between the main pushing arm 234 and the acting arm 237, and located above the side of the main pushing arm 234, so as to ensure that the rotation angle and the pushing stroke reach the requirements.

Wherein the push mechanism 23 is further provided with a detecting element for detecting the rotational position of the main push arm 234, specifically, a detecting block 23a is provided on the main push arm 234, and a second detecting element 23b, such as a photoelectric switch or a proximity switch, is provided on the push seat 233 corresponding to the initial position and the maximum rotational position of the main push arm 234 to detect whether the main push arm 234 reaches the position.

As shown in fig. 19 to 26, in one embodiment, the car dumper 300 includes a frame 31, a dumper 34 provided on the frame 31, a dumper 33 connected to the dumper 34, and a dumper driving mechanism for driving the dumper 34 to rotate, the dumper driving mechanism including a motor 311 and a reduction mechanism 312, the dumper 34 being rotatably installed on the frame 31 to be reciprocally rotatable by the dumper driving mechanism, wherein a dumper jig for clamping the car is provided on the dumper 33, a counterweight 32 is provided on the dumper 34 to be balanced with the dumper jig and the work, and the counterweight 32 and the dumper 33 are respectively located at both sides of the dumper shaft.

Wherein, roll-over stand 33 includes link arm 331 and bracket 332, and link arm 331 is two, and every link arm 331 is L type structure, and its upper end is fixed with roll-over shaft 34, and the lower extreme is connected with bracket 332, and bracket 332 is the level and arranges, and the upset anchor clamps setting is on bracket 332.

Wherein, upset anchor clamps are including two sets of fixture about the symmetry setting, and every fixture of group includes: the front plate clamping mechanism 38 is used for clamping the front part, the middle part and the rear part of the side plate upper beam, and is respectively used for clamping the front clamping mechanism 371, the middle clamping mechanism 372 and the rear clamping mechanism 373 of the side plate upper beam, wherein the positions of the front plate clamping mechanism 38 are fixed or can be adjusted back and forth.

In this example, to facilitate adaptation to carriages of different lengths, the side plate upper beam front clamping mechanism 371 and the side plate upper beam rear clamping mechanism 373 are respectively arranged in a front group and a rear group, and a group of second rear clamping mechanisms 374 are further arranged behind the side plate upper beam rear clamping mechanism 373; each group of clamping mechanisms clamps the left side plate and the right side plate from the inner side edge of the carriage; as shown in fig. 22, each set of clamping mechanisms is similar in structure, including a clamping seat 37a, a clamping driving cylinder 37b mounted on the clamping seat 37a, and a lower chuck 37c fixed on the clamping seat 37 a; the upper chuck 37d is rotatably mounted on the clamping seat 37a up and down, the tail of the upper chuck 37d is hinged with the clamping driving cylinder 37b through a connecting rod, and the upper chuck 37d is driven by the clamping driving cylinder 37b to be close to or far away from the lower chuck 37 c.

As shown in fig. 19 and 25, in one embodiment, a carriage limiting structure 39 is further provided on the outer sides of the left and right sets of clamping mechanisms to prevent the carriage from sliding out of the clamping position in the left and right directions. The carriage limiting structure 39 comprises a supporting beam 391, and a limiting cylinder 393 and a limiting head 394 which are arranged on the supporting beam 391 through a limiting seat 392, wherein the limiting cylinder 393 drives the limiting head 394 to extend or retract, and when extending, the limiting cylinder 393 is blocked at the outer sides of a left side plate and a right side plate of the carriage to limit the carriage; the number of the limiting heads 394 is the same as that of the clamping mechanisms for clamping the left side plate and the right side plate, and the limiting heads are arranged in a one-to-one opposite mode so as to ensure the balance and stability of stress. In this example, a stop 395 is provided to limit the maximum distance that the limit head 394 can extend to avoid damaging the vehicle cabin.

As shown in fig. 21, the supporting mechanism 36 is used for supporting the front plate from the front, preventing the carriage from deforming and falling when turning over, and comprises a first flat pushing cylinder 361, a supporting block 363 connected to the end of the first flat pushing cylinder 361, and a stopping block 364 for limiting the maximum flat pushing travel, the stopping block 364 is blocked on one side of the supporting block 363 facing the front plate, specifically, the first flat pushing cylinder 361 is mounted on the roll-over stand 33, the output end of the first flat pushing cylinder 361 is connected with a flat pushing seat 362, the supporting block 363 is arranged on the flat pushing seat 362, and the stopping block 364 is blocked on one side of the flat pushing seat 362 facing the carriage, as shown in fig. 21.

As shown in fig. 20, 23 and 24, the front plate clamping mechanism 38 clamps the front plate in the front-rear direction, and includes a front chuck 388 and a rear chuck 385, one of which is fixed and the other of which is movable, and which can be pushed by an air cylinder. The position of the front plate clamping mechanism 38 in this example can be adjusted back and forth to accommodate different sized car clamps.

Specifically, the front plate clamping mechanism 38 includes a slide 383 mounted on the carriage 332 so as to be movable back and forth by a slide rail 382, and an air cylinder 381 for driving the slide 383 to move back and forth, and a front chuck 388 and a rear chuck 385 are mounted on the slide 383, and an air cylinder for driving the front and rear chucks to open and close is also mounted on the slide 383, so that the entire chuck mechanism can be driven to move back and forth by the slide 383.

Specifically, the front collet 388 is connected with the second flat pushing cylinder 387, and a second stop block 389 is provided for limiting the extension range of the front collet 388; the rear clamping head 385 is connected with a second clamping air cylinder 384, and the second clamping air cylinder 384 drives the front clamping head 388 to clamp the front plate in a matched manner; before the front plate enters, the second flat pushing cylinder 387 and the second clamping cylinder 384 are retracted to avoid the carriage; when the car is installed, the second push cylinder 387 is extended to bring the front clamp against the front of the front plate, and the rear clamp 385 is driven by the second clamping cylinder 384 against the rear of the front plate, thereby achieving clamping.

The position of the turnover fixture is also provided with a left lifting roller set and a right lifting roller set 30, and the lifting roller sets 30 are driven to lift through air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders so as to bear carriage structures with different heights and can be moved to clamping positions corresponding to the turnover fixture for clamping through lifting adjustment, wherein the lifting roller sets do not overturn along with the turnover device.

As shown in fig. 26, the lifting roller set 30 includes a lifting driving cylinder 302, a mounting frame 303 and a guiding mechanism 305, the lifting driving cylinder 302 is mounted on the lifting base 301, a plurality of supporting rollers 304 are mounted on the mounting frame 303, the lifting driving cylinder 302 is connected with the mounting frame 303 to drive the lifting thereof, the guiding mechanism 305 includes a guiding hole arranged on the lifting base 301 and a guiding post connected below the mounting frame, the lifting base 301 is fixed on the foundation, and the supporting rollers 304 are driven to lift by the lifting driving cylinder 302 and the mounting frame 303.

As shown in fig. 27 and 28, the repair welding fixture 400 for the carriage comprises a first repair welding support 41 and a second repair welding support 42 for supporting a bottom plate of the carriage, and a positioning assembly 43 for positioning the bottom plate of the carriage, wherein a transmission rail 52 is arranged between the repair welding device 400 for the carriage and an assembly line 600, the transmission rail 52 is arranged on a lower fixing seat 51, a transmission sliding table 55 is arranged on the transmission rail 52, and the transmission sliding table 55 is matched with a screw rod 53 through a nut and is driven to move back and forth by a motor 54 and the screw rod 53; the repair welding fixture 400 is disposed on the transmission sliding table 55 and can move along the transmission track 52 between the repair welding station of the carriage and the workpiece access port of the assembly line 600, and the repair welding fixture 400 further comprises a lifting driving mechanism for driving the first repair welding support 41, the second repair welding support 42 and the positioning assembly 43 to move up and down.

As shown in fig. 28 to 32, the first repair welding support 41 is mounted on a transmission sliding table 55, a traverse sliding table 44 is also mounted on the transmission sliding table 55 through a traverse sliding rail 45, and the second repair welding support 42 and the positioning assembly 43 are mounted on the traverse sliding table 44; the traversing sliding table 44 can be driven to move left and right by an air cylinder; the first repair welding support 41 and the second repair welding support 42 respectively support the front and the rear of the carriage floor, and the positioning assembly 43 is used for being matched with positioning holes on the floor to realize positioning.

Limiting supports 46 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the repair welding clamp to limit the left position and the right position of the carriage.

In this example, the first repair welding supports 41 on each side are two arranged left and right to adapt to carriages with different widths, and the corresponding second repair welding supports 42 and positioning assemblies 43 can adjust positions left and right through the transverse sliding tables 44 and also adapt to carriage positioning and clamping with different widths.

In this example, the first repair welding support 41, the second repair welding support 42 and the positioning component 43 are respectively provided with a cylinder to drive up and down, and taking the positioning component 43 as an example for explanation, as shown in fig. 29, the positioning component 43 includes a base 432, a lifting cylinder 431, a guide rod 433, a positioning seat 435 and a positioning pin 436, the base 432 is fixed on the traverse sliding table 44, the positioning pin 434 is mounted on the positioning seat 435, and the lifting cylinder 431 is used for driving the positioning seat 435 to integrally lift up and down. A tooling hole is provided in the base plate for the locating pin 436 to extend into the location. The first repair welding support 41 and the second repair welding support 42 are driven to lift by the air cylinder.

As shown in fig. 29 and 30, in order to facilitate positioning and clamping of the bottom plate, a mounting hole is formed in the center of the positioning seat 432, a positioning pin 436 is located above the center of the positioning seat 435, a locking block 438 is arranged in the mounting hole in a manner of moving up and down and swinging transversely, a locking cylinder 434 is mounted below the locking block 438 on the positioning seat 435, a cylinder rod end 434a of the locking cylinder 434 is hinged with the lower end of the locking block 438 to drive the locking block 438 to move, a transversely extending pressure head 438b is arranged at the upper end of the locking block 438, a through hole for extending out of the pressure head 438b is formed in the side surface of the positioning pin 436, the through hole is communicated with the mounting hole, a guide groove is formed in the locking block 438, the guide groove 438a comprises a vertical section and an inclined section connected below the vertical section, a limit rod 437 is transversely arranged in the mounting hole, and the limit rod 437 extends into the guide groove 438a, and in the process of driving the locking cylinder 434 to move, the pressure head 438b is matched with the guide groove 438a to realize the pressing and the bottom plate of the carriage to be released by the pressure head 438 b; specifically, when the locking cylinder 434 drives the locking block 438 to move downward, the locking block 438 moves to a straight section to cooperate with the stop lever 437, so that the locking block 438 rotates outward until the ram 438b protrudes out of the through hole of the positioning pin 436, thereby compressing the floor of the vehicle cabin; when the locking cylinder 434 drives the locking piece 438 to move upwards, the locking piece 438 moves to the inclined section to be matched with the limiting rod 437, at this time, the locking piece 438 rotates inwards until the pressure head 438b retreats into the positioning pin 436 due to the guiding limiting effect of the guiding groove 438a, and thus the carriage bottom plate is loosened. The structure is convenient for realizing positioning and clamping of the carriage bottom plate.

As shown in fig. 33, the assembly line 600 includes a plate link chain 61 and a plate link chain driving mechanism, such as a motor and a chain, for driving the plate link chain 61, wherein at least one group of brackets 62 for supporting the cabin is provided on the plate link chain 61; each set of holders comprises a front and a rear pair of holders 62, along which the plate links 61 are conveyed forward, a plurality of stations being provided for attachment mounting, inspection and the like.

The portal frame can be arranged at each station to mount a welding robot or auxiliary electrical equipment and the like.

According to the embodiment of the invention, after the bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the front plate of the carriage are clamped by the clamp, the welding robot is used for realizing the welding of the back surface at the welding station, the carriage is conveyed to the next station after the welding, namely the carriage overturning device, the carriage is overturned and placed on the repair welding clamp of the repair welding device by the clamping and overturning of the carriage overturning device, then the front surface welding is finished by the repair welding robot, the carriage with all welding procedures is transferred to the assembly and adjustment line by the transfer mechanism after the repair welding is finished, and the installation, the debugging, the inspection and the like of subsequent accessories are finished on the assembly and adjustment line, so that the welding production of the carriage is finished, and the production line is convenient for realizing the automation of the combined welding of the carriage and improves the production efficiency.

The base is provided with a disconnected track, a plurality of side guide rollers and a supporting roller, so that the crossed flexible multi-station collineation of the two sliding tables is completed, the two sliding tables slide to a sequential welding station through a longitudinal sliding table or a transverse sliding table, automatic welding is realized by a robot, and the welding is finished and then is conveyed to the next station by a conveying device. The transverse slipway and the longitudinal slipway can be alternately arranged, so that the problems of carriage assembly and slow welding beat are solved, and the production efficiency is improved.

The delivery pushing device is provided with a two-stage pushing mechanism, under the cooperation of the clamping mechanism, the carriage can be conveyed to the carriage overturning device from the welding station C, the two-stage pushing mechanism is convenient for long-distance transmission, and the carriage can be pushed in place through the supplementing pushing mechanism.

The carriage overturning device can support and clamp the carriage through an overturning clamp on the overturning frame, so that the carriage is prevented from falling off in the overturning process; carriage stop gear also plays the guard action, wherein to the clamp of left side board and right side board set up a plurality of clamping mechanism that can adapt to different carriages, but cooperation front bezel clamping mechanism fore-and-aft adjustment's function, whole can adapt to multi-vehicle type carriage, improvement utilization ratio. The turnover seat can be provided with a limit, and the turnover seat is limited to rotate after being turned in place, so that the accurate alignment is ensured.

The carriage repair welding device positions the floor of the carriage through the positioning assembly, and supports the floor through two pairs of first repair welding supports and second repair welding supports, so that positioning and supporting after the carriage is overturned are realized; the first repair welding support has different specifications, and the positions of the second repair welding support and the positioning assembly are left and right adjustable, so that the repair welding support is also suitable for different carriages. Thereby realizing the welding of multiple vehicle types as a whole.

The first repair welding support, the second repair welding support and the positioning assembly can be driven to lift through the air cylinder, when the transmission sliding table moves to the supporting position on the assembly line, the first repair welding support, the second repair welding support and the positioning assembly are driven to descend through the air cylinder, and then the carriage can be transferred to the assembly line, so that the operation is convenient.

Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a carriage automatic weld production line which characterized in that: the device comprises a total combined welding device, a piece discharging pushing device, a carriage overturning device, a carriage repair welding device and an assembly and adjustment line which are sequentially arranged along the production procedure;

a transfer mechanism for transferring the carriage from the carriage repair welding device to the assembly and adjustment line is arranged between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line;

the piece discharging pushing device comprises a pushing mechanism and supporting roller groups positioned at two sides of the pushing mechanism; the pushing mechanism comprises a frame, a sliding rail arranged on the frame, a conveying sliding table arranged on the sliding rail and a conveying driving mechanism for driving the sliding table to move along the sliding rail, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the carriage is arranged on the conveying sliding table;

the sliding table is provided with a supplementing and pushing mechanism, the supplementing and pushing mechanism comprises a driving cylinder, a main pushing arm, an action arm, a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, the main pushing arm is connected with the driving gear and can synchronously rotate, the action arm is connected with the driven gear and synchronously rotates, and a pushing frame for supplementing and pushing a carriage is arranged on the action arm; the driving cylinder is connected with the main pushing arm and is used for driving the main pushing arm to rotate, so that the gear pair formed by the driving gear and the driven gear drives the action arm and the pushing frame to rotate; the supplementing and pushing mechanism is arranged at one end of the conveying sliding table, which is close to the carriage overturning device, and the clamping mechanism is arranged at one end of the conveying sliding table, which is close to the welding station; the supplementing pushing mechanism is provided with a working position and a folding position, and when the supplementing pushing mechanism is positioned at the folding position, the positions of the acting arm and the pushing frame are lower than the carriage and can avoid the carriage; when the carriage is in the working position, the pushing frame is propped against the rear of the bottom plate of the carriage, and the carriage is pushed to move forwards.

2. The automated welding line for cars of claim 1, wherein: the total combined welding device further comprises two upper part assembling stations, wherein one upper part assembling station is provided with a longitudinal sliding table, the other upper part assembling station is provided with a transverse sliding table, and the transverse sliding table and the longitudinal sliding table are both provided with clamps; the longitudinal sliding table can move between the corresponding upper assembly station and the welding station along the longitudinal track, the transverse sliding table can move between the corresponding upper assembly station and the welding station along the transverse track, and the longitudinal sliding table is perpendicular to the movement direction of the transverse sliding table; the position where the longitudinal rail and the transverse rail intersect is provided with a first avoidance channel for avoiding the transverse sliding table and a second avoidance channel for avoiding the longitudinal sliding table.

3. The automated welding line for cars according to claim 2, wherein: the transverse track and the longitudinal track are two; the welding station is provided with two first rails for bearing the longitudinal sliding table and two second rails for bearing the transverse sliding table, the first rails and the second rails enclose a rectangular structure, the first rails are in one-to-one correspondence with the longitudinal rails, and a first avoidance channel is formed between the first rails and the longitudinal rails; the second tracks are in one-to-one correspondence with the transverse tracks, and a second avoidance channel is formed between the second tracks and the transverse tracks.

4. The automated welding line for cars of claim 1, wherein: the supplementing and pushing mechanism further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the maximum rotation range of the main pushing arm or the acting arm, and the supplementing and pushing mechanism is further provided with a detecting element for detecting the maximum rotation position of the main pushing arm.

5. The automated welding line for cars of claim 1, wherein: the carriage turning device comprises a turning shaft arranged on the machine base, a turning frame connected with the turning shaft and a turning driving mechanism for driving the turning shaft to rotate, wherein a counterweight is arranged on the turning shaft, the counterweight and the turning frame are respectively positioned on two sides of the turning shaft, and a turning clamp for clamping the carriage is arranged on the turning frame.

6. The automated welding line for cars of claim 5, wherein: the turnover fixture comprises a left clamping mechanism and a right clamping mechanism which are symmetrically arranged, each clamping mechanism comprises a supporting mechanism used for supporting the lower part of a carriage front plate, a front plate clamping mechanism used for clamping the upper part of the carriage front plate, a side plate upper beam front clamping mechanism used for clamping the front part, the middle part and the rear part of a carriage side plate upper beam, a side plate upper beam middle clamping mechanism and a side plate upper beam rear clamping mechanism, wherein the positions of the front plate clamping mechanisms are fixed or can be adjusted front and back.

7. The automated welding line for cars of claim 1, wherein: the assembly and adjustment line comprises a plate chain and a plate chain driving mechanism for driving the plate chain to drive, and at least one group of supports for supporting the carriage are arranged on the plate chain; the carriage repair welding clamp comprises a repair welding support used for supporting a carriage bottom plate and a positioning assembly used for positioning the carriage bottom plate, a transmission track is arranged between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line, a transmission sliding table is arranged on the transmission track, the carriage repair welding clamp is arranged on the transmission track and can move between the carriage repair welding device and the assembly and adjustment line along the transmission track, and a lifting driving mechanism used for driving the repair welding support and the positioning assembly to move up and down is arranged on the carriage repair welding clamp.