CN114791413A - Nondestructive testing method for steel-cored aluminum strand crimping defects - Google Patents
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a nondestructive testing method for compression joint defects of steel-cored aluminum strands, which comprises a data acquisition process and a detection comparison process. In the data acquisition process, a test piece curve of a test piece can be obtained by applying loads to a normal test piece and a plurality of different defect test pieces, so that equivalent section rigidity can be obtained through test piece curve calculation
. In the detection comparison process, a load is applied to the steel-cored aluminum strand after compression joint, a measuring part curve can be obtained, and therefore equivalent section rigidity can be obtained through steel-cored aluminum strand curve calculation
. Will be provided with
And
the contrast can obtain the corresponding of steel-cored aluminum strand curve and a plurality of test piece curves, and then obtain the corresponding relation of steel-cored aluminum strand and test piece, thereby can judge the defect type of steel-cored aluminum strand, this method can accomplish the nondestructive test to steel-cored aluminum strand in practical application, does not need to use expensive equipment such as X-ray transmitter, has effectively reduced the detection cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wire crimping defect detection, in particular to a nondestructive detection method for crimping defects of a steel-cored aluminum strand.
Background
The steel-cored aluminum strand has the advantages of low line manufacturing cost, large transmission capacity and the like, and is widely applied to power transmission lines. In installation, the steel-cored aluminum strand needs to be in compression joint with the strain clamp, and the strain clamp is used as a connecting hardware fitting to be installed on an insulator of the power transmission line. And because the crimping process is more, the crimping operation is influenced by factors such as environment, and the like, and the crimping defect may be generated between the steel-cored aluminum strand and the strain clamp. The crimping defect can threaten the safety of the power transmission line, even cause a disconnection accident, and cause the power failure of the whole power transmission line. Therefore, the steel-cored aluminum strand after crimping needs to be subjected to crimping defect detection. In engineering, the existing detection mode generally adopts an X-ray technology to detect the crimping defects of the steel-cored aluminum strand, and the mode needs higher tool cost and higher detection cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a nondestructive testing method for a steel-cored aluminum strand crimping defect, which is used to solve the problem that the existing steel-cored aluminum strand crimping defect testing method is high in cost.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application provides a nondestructive testing method for the compression joint defects of the steel-cored aluminum strand, which comprises a data acquisition process and a detection comparison process;
the data acquisition process is applied to a test piece, and the test piece comprises a normal test piece and a plurality of different defect test pieces;
the data acquisition process comprises the following steps:
applying a load to the test piece and gradually increasing the load to a limit load;
obtaining a test piece curve according to the relationship between the elongation of the test piece after the load is applied and the load;
calculating in a preset mode on the test piece curve to obtain equivalent section rigidity corresponding to each test piece
；
The detection and comparison process comprises the following steps:
applying a gradually increased load to the crimped steel-cored aluminum strand, and obtaining a steel-cored aluminum strand curve according to the relationship between the elongation of the steel-cored aluminum strand and the load;
calculating the equivalent section rigidity of the steel-cored aluminum strand by a preset mode of the steel-cored aluminum strand curve
；
Will be provided with
And
and comparing to obtain the corresponding relation between the steel-cored aluminum strand curve and the test piece curve.
Further, the applying of the gradually increased load to the crimped steel-cored aluminum strand specifically includes:
and within the elastic limit, applying gradually increased load to the steel-cored aluminum strand after compression joint.
Further, the preset manner is calculated as: two points (l) are intercepted from the linear change section on the test piece curve or the steel-cored aluminum strand curve 1 ,F 1 ) And (l) 2 ,F 2 ) The equivalent section stiffness K is calculated according to the following formula:
K=（F 2- F 1 ）l/（l 2 -l 1 ）。
further, the normal test piece includes: a wire and a clamp;
the fastener includes: aluminum pipes and steel anchors;
the end part of the wire is provided with a protruding steel core;
the steel anchor is inserted into the aluminum tube from a first end of the aluminum tube;
the wire is inserted into the aluminum pipe from the other end of the aluminum pipe, and the steel core is fixedly connected with the steel anchor.
Further, the plurality of different defective specimens includes: the method comprises the following steps of crimping only a steel core test piece, crimping only an aluminum pipe test piece, a test piece with insufficient pipe penetration length, a test piece with insufficient edge distance, a test piece with unqualified aluminum pipe inner diameter, a back pressure test piece, a test piece with standard stripping length, a test piece with deviation in crimping position and a test piece with standard curvature.
Furthermore, the outer end of the steel anchor is provided with an anti-skid groove matched with the aluminum pipe.
Further, the load is a tensile force, and the direction of application is the axial direction of the wire.
According to the technical scheme, the nondestructive testing method for the compression joint defects of the steel-cored aluminum strand comprises a data acquisition process and a detection comparison process. In the data acquisition process, a test piece curve of a test piece can be obtained by applying loads to a normal test piece and a plurality of different defect test pieces, so that equivalent section rigidity can be obtained through test piece curve calculation
. In the detection comparison process, a steel-cored aluminum strand curve can be obtained by applying a load to the steel-cored aluminum strand after compression joint, so that equivalent section rigidity can be obtained through steel-cored aluminum strand curve calculation
. Will be provided with
And
the contrast can obtain the corresponding of steel-cored aluminum strand curve and a plurality of test piece curves, and then obtain the corresponding relation of steel-cored aluminum strand and test piece, thereby can judge the defect type of steel-cored aluminum strand, this method can accomplish the nondestructive test to steel-cored aluminum strand in practical application, does not need to use expensive equipment such as X-ray transmitter, has effectively reduced the detection cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a normal test piece structure in a method for nondestructive testing of a compression joint defect of an aluminum conductor steel-cored wire according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a load-tension curve diagram of a non-destructive testing method for a steel-cored aluminum strand crimping defect provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a load-pull curve diagram of five failure modes in a non-destructive testing method for a steel-cored aluminum strand crimping defect provided by an embodiment of the present application;
in the figure: 10. a normal test piece; 11. a wire; 12. wire clamps; 13. an aluminum tube; 14. a steel anchor; 15. a steel core; 16. and (4) an anti-slip groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection claimed herein.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the embodiments of the present application and for simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, an exchangeable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The nondestructive testing method for the compression joint defects of the steel-cored aluminum strand provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a data acquisition process and a detection comparison process.
The data acquisition procedure was applied to the test pieces. The test pieces include a normal test piece 10 and a plurality of different defective test pieces. Referring to fig. 1, a normal test piece 10 may have a structure consistent with that of a steel-cored aluminum strand after crimping in practical application, and includes: a wire 11 and a clamp 12; the clip 12 includes: an aluminum pipe 13, a steel anchor 14; the end of the wire 11 is provided with a protruding steel core 15; the steel anchor 14 is inserted into the aluminium tube 13 from a first end of the aluminium tube 13; the wire 11 is inserted into the aluminum tube 13 from the other end of the aluminum tube 13, and the steel core 15 is fixedly connected to the steel anchor 14. Wherein, the outer end of the steel anchor 14 is provided with an anti-skid groove 16 matched with the aluminum pipe 13, so that the friction force between the steel anchor and the aluminum pipe 13 can be increased.
The plurality of different defect test pieces can comprise a steel core test piece only in compression joint, an aluminum pipe test piece only in compression joint, a test piece with insufficient pipe penetration length, a test piece with insufficient edge distance, a test piece with unqualified inner diameter of the aluminum pipe, a back pressure test piece, a test piece with exceeding-standard wire stripping length, a test piece with deviation in compression joint position and a test piece with exceeding-standard bending degree, so that different defect conditions possibly occurring in the steel core aluminum stranded wire in practical application can be met.
The data acquisition process comprises the following steps:
s10, applying load to the test piece, and gradually increasing the load to the limit load;
referring to fig. 2, the limit load refers to a load that is completely failed due to interesting deformation of the test piece,
s11, obtaining a test piece curve shown in the figure 2 according to the magnitude relation between the elongation l and the load F of the test piece after the load is applied;
s12, calculating the equivalent section stiffness corresponding to each test piece in a preset mode through the test piece curve
；
The detection and comparison process comprises the following steps:
s20, applying a gradually increased load to the crimped steel-cored aluminum strand, and obtaining a steel-cored aluminum strand curve according to the relationship between the elongation l of the steel-cored aluminum strand and the load F;
s21, calculating the equivalent section stiffness of the steel-cored aluminum strand by a preset mode of the steel-cored aluminum strand curve
；
S22, mixing
And with
And comparing to obtain the corresponding relation between the steel-cored aluminum strand curve and the test piece curve.
In particular, by mixing
And with
And comparing to obtain the corresponding relation between the steel-cored aluminum strand and the test piece, so as to judge whether the steel-cored aluminum strand is a normal piece or a defective piece, and if the steel-cored aluminum strand is a defective piece, judging the defect type of the steel-cored aluminum strand according to the comparison result.
In step S20, applying a gradually increasing load to the crimped aluminum conductor steel reinforced specifically includes: and within the elastic limit, applying gradually increased load to the steel-cored aluminum strand after compression joint.
Therefore, nondestructive detection of the steel-cored aluminum strand can be realized.
In the present embodiment, the preset manner calculation in steps S12 and S22 is specifically: two points (l) are intercepted on the linear change section of the test piece curve or the steel-cored aluminum strand curve 1 ,F 1 ) And (l) 2 ,F 2 ) The equivalent section stiffness K is calculated according to the following formula:
K=（F 2- F 1 ）l/（l 2 -l 1 ）。
specifically, the above formula is defined by hooke's law:
deformation is obtained;
namely:
。
and defining the equivalent section rigidity K = EA, and obtaining a calculation formula of the equivalent section rigidity K.
When the steel-cored aluminum strand and the test piece are in an initial stress stage, the load deformation curve is linear, when crimping is completed, the residual stress in the strain clamp is different, the stress state of a wire strain clamp system is also different, and the slope of the linear stage of the load deformation curve of the steel-cored aluminum strand and the test piece is different. Therefore, the stress state in the strain clamp can be judged according to the slope of the load deformation curve, and whether the wire crimping defect exists is further judged.
The equivalent section stiffness can represent the amount of the slope of the deformation curve of the load and the measured object in the linear stage, so that the stress state of the wire clamp can be represented, and the crimping quality of the wire can be reflected. Namely, the equivalent section rigidity K is measured, and the crimping quality of the steel core composite conductor can be determined.
When a plurality of different defect test pieces are pressed and connected, the test pieces can be tested on a tensile testing machine in sequence, a load deformation curve is extracted, the equivalent section rigidity K is calculated, the holding power F of each test piece is recorded, and K and F are listed in an equivalent section rigidity table. Wherein, the grip strength F means that the strain clamp does not have the maximum load that slides and loses efficacy as shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 equivalent section stiffness table
In this embodiment, the load is a tensile force and the direction of application is the axial direction of the wire. The wire refers to the test piece and the conducting wire in the steel-cored aluminum strand.
In the test piece and the steel-cored aluminum strand, the wire clamp 12 and the wire 11 are generally in compression joint in a hydraulic mode, the wire 11 is formed by twisting a plurality of scattered strands, and the uniform stress of all the strands is difficult to realize in the compression joint process, so that when the wire is under tension, part of the strands are stressed first, and along with the increase of the load, more and more strands start to be stressed due to the plastic deformation and elongation of the stressed strands. Meanwhile, due to the influence of metal flow, three conditions that the steel core 15 is pulled to press the aluminum pipe 13, and the residual stress of the steel core 15 and the aluminum pipe 13 is similar can be generated, and the three conditions are different when the sizes of the wire clamps are different or the defects are different. When a load test is started, the residual stress conditions are different, the stress states of the wire clamp compression joint test piece are also different, the aluminum pipe and the aluminum strand are stressed firstly, and the connecting part of the steel core and the steel anchor is stressed firstly.
The equivalent section rigidity of the test piece and the steel-cored aluminum strand when all the strands of the lead 11 are stressed is K max K is the smaller value of the equivalent section rigidity when only the steel core 15 is stressed and only the aluminum pipe 13 is stressed min 。
The inventors have found that five failure modes of load-pull-up curves occur in the above described normal test piece 10 and a plurality of different defective test pieces.
As shown in FIG. 3, the equivalent section stiffness approaches K at the initial linear stage of the curve max The steel-cored aluminum strand of (1) has a curve form of a first failure S1 and a second failure S2 under the action of a limit load, which is represented by strand breakage or slippage in practice at the outlet of the wire clamp 12.
Equivalent cross section at initial linear stage of curveStiffness near K min In the case of a defective compression of the steel anchor 14 with the steel core 15, a third type of failure S3 occurs in the form of a curve under extreme loads.
The equivalent section rigidity is close to K at the initial linear stage of the curve min The defective crimping position of the steel anchor 14 to the aluminum tube 13 of (a) results in a curved form of the fifth failure S5.
When residual stress is generated during crimping, the equivalent section rigidity is close to K at the initial elastic stage of the curve min The steel-cored aluminum strand, as the load increases, more strands begin to bear more load, enter the second elastic stage, the equivalent section stiffness becomes greater, then enter the yield stage until failure, and a fourth failure S4 occurs in the form of a curve, which is physically a direct wire break at the outlet of the cable clamp 12.
In the process of performing a tension test on a test piece and the steel-cored aluminum strand, recording the failure form of each test piece, and recording the code of the failure form in an equivalent section rigidity meter. Wherein, the failure form table can be shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 failure form table
In the method, after the equivalent section stiffness and the load-pulling capacity curve of the test piece are obtained through the data acquisition process, the table 1 and the table 2 can be recorded and obtained and can be repeatedly used in subsequent measurement.
In practical application, after the equivalent section rigidity table of the specific type of the steel-cored aluminum strand is obtained, the steel-cored aluminum strand of the same type is selected as the crimping quality of the test piece for rapid detection. Under the condition of a laboratory, the equivalent section rigidity K of the test piece is measured, and the crimping quality, the defect type and the failure mode of the test piece can be directly obtained by contrasting the numerical values in the equivalent section rigidity table (table 1). In the measuring process, only the elastic deformation part of the steel-cored aluminum strand needs to be detected, the wire 11 and the wire clamp 12 cannot be damaged, and nondestructive detection is completed.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A steel-cored aluminum strand compression joint defect nondestructive detection method is characterized by comprising a data acquisition process and a detection comparison process;
the data acquisition process is applied to a test piece, and the test piece comprises a normal test piece and a plurality of different defect test pieces;
the data acquisition process comprises the following steps:
applying a load to the test piece, and gradually increasing the load to a limit load;
obtaining a test piece curve according to the relationship between the elongation of the test piece after the load is applied and the load;
calculating in a preset mode on the test piece curve to obtain equivalent section rigidity corresponding to each test piece
；
The detection and comparison process comprises the following steps:
applying a gradually increased load to the crimped steel-cored aluminum strand, and obtaining a steel-cored aluminum strand curve according to the relationship between the elongation of the steel-cored aluminum strand and the load;
calculating the equivalent section stiffness of the steel-cored aluminum strand by a preset mode of the steel-cored aluminum strand curve
；
Will be provided with
And
and comparing to obtain the corresponding relation between the steel-cored aluminum strand curve and the test piece curve.
2. The nondestructive testing method for the crimping defect of the steel-cored aluminum strand as recited in claim 1, wherein the applying of the gradually increasing load to the crimped steel-cored aluminum strand is specifically as follows:
and within the elastic limit, applying gradually increased load to the steel-cored aluminum strand after compression joint.
3. The nondestructive testing method for the crimping defect of the steel-cored aluminum strand as recited in claim 1, wherein the preset mode is calculated as: two points (l) are intercepted from the linear change section on the test piece curve or the steel-cored aluminum strand curve 1 ,F 1 ) And (l) 2 ,F 2 ) The equivalent section stiffness K is calculated according to the following formula:
K=（F 2- F 1 ）l/（l 2 -l 1 ）。
4. the nondestructive testing method for compression joint defects of aluminum conductor steel reinforced according to claim 1, wherein the normal test piece includes: a wire and a clamp;
the fastener includes: aluminum pipes and steel anchors;
the end part of the wire is provided with a protruded steel core;
the steel anchor is inserted into the aluminum tube from a first end of the aluminum tube;
the wire is inserted into the aluminum pipe from the other end of the aluminum pipe, and the steel core is fixedly connected with the steel anchor.
5. The nondestructive testing method for the crimping defect of the aluminum conductor steel-cored wire according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of different defect test pieces comprise: the method comprises the following steps of crimping only a steel core test piece, crimping only an aluminum pipe test piece, a test piece with insufficient pipe penetration length, a test piece with insufficient edge distance, a test piece with unqualified aluminum pipe inner diameter, a back pressure test piece, a test piece with standard stripping length, a test piece with deviation in crimping position and a test piece with standard curvature.
6. The nondestructive testing method for the crimping defect of the aluminum conductor steel-cored wire according to claim 4, wherein an anti-slip groove matched with the aluminum pipe is formed at the outer end of the steel anchor.
7. The nondestructive testing method for crimp defects of an aluminum conductor steel cored as recited in claim 1, wherein the load is a tensile force and the applied direction is an axial direction of the wire.
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| CN115096705A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-23 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Strain clamp crimping defect detection method |
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