CN114789089A

CN114789089A - Negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection filtering capability

Info

Publication number: CN114789089A
Application number: CN202210239166.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何斌; 王超; 李远斌; 欧迪峰; 郑磊; 熊胜华; 刘锦楠
Original assignee: Syney Electric Hangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Xini Electromechanical Group Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2022-03-11
Filing date: 2022-03-11
Publication date: 2022-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-11
Also published as: CN114789089B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of elevators, in particular to a negative pressure elevator car with an air disinfection and filtration function. The technical problem is as follows: because the air circulation in the elevator shaft is poor, the air quality exchanged by the ventilation equipment is low, the personnel in the elevator car are dense, the mobility of the personnel is high, and the air cannot be disinfected under the condition that the current epidemic situation is not finished, so that the risk of cross infection is increased. The implementation scheme is as follows: a negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration functions comprises an elevator car, negative pressure boxes and a negative pressure air exchange mechanism, wherein the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the elevator car are fixedly connected with the negative pressure boxes, the two negative pressure boxes are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and the two negative pressure boxes are fixedly connected with the negative pressure air exchange mechanism. The negative pressure air exchange mechanism is arranged, so that the purposes that the upper part is used for air intake and the lower part is used for air exhaust when the elevator ascends, and the lower part is used for air intake and the upper part is used for air exhaust when the elevator descends are achieved, and the air exchange quality in the elevator is improved.

Description

Negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection filtering capability

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of elevators, in particular to a negative pressure elevator car with an air disinfection and filtration function.

Background

The elevator is a transportation device for vertically transporting pedestrians or goods and is divided into a machine room part, a hoistway and bottom pit part, a car part and a landing part, wherein an elevator component for transporting passengers and goods in the car part is a working part of the elevator, the car is in a closed state in the operation process of the elevator, a feeling of a closed space can be given to people, and ventilation equipment is installed at the top end of the car generally.

In the elevator operation in-process, traditional air regenerating device, only exchange the air in the elevator shaft with the air in the elevator, guarantee the inside normal circulation of air of car, but at the in-service use in-process, because the air circulation nature in the elevator shaft is poor, the air quality that leads to the air regenerating device to exchange is not high, and personnel in the car are intensive, personnel's mobility is big, under the condition that current epidemic situation has not ended yet, need frequently disinfect in the elevator, when disinfecting at every turn, all disinfect the elevator through the handheld air disinfectant watering can of people, the air admission of air regenerating device exchange is in the elevator shaft, in being exchanged into the car by air regenerating device again, can not disinfect the air, lead to cross infection's risk to increase.

Therefore, a negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Poor in order to overcome the air circulation nature in the elevator well, the air quality that leads to the air regenerating device to exchange is not high, and the personnel in the car are intensive, personnel mobility is big, under the current situation of epidemic not finished yet, need frequently disinfect in the elevator, when disinfecting at every turn, all disinfect the elevator through handheld air disinfectant watering can of people, the air that the air regenerating device exchanged enters into the elevator well, in being exchanged into the car by the air regenerating device again, can not disinfect to the air, lead to cross infection's risk to increase. The technical problem is that: provides a negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration functions.

The negative pressure elevator car comprises an elevator car body, negative pressure boxes, negative pressure air exchange mechanisms, air filtering mechanisms and air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms, wherein the negative pressure boxes are fixedly connected to the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the elevator car body respectively, the two negative pressure boxes are symmetrically arranged up and down, the negative pressure air exchange mechanisms are fixedly connected to the two negative pressure boxes respectively and used for exchanging air in the elevator car body and the elevator shaft, the air filtering mechanisms are fixedly connected to the two negative pressure boxes respectively and located on the inner sides of the two negative pressure air exchange mechanisms respectively, the air filtering mechanisms are used for filtering air, the two air filtering mechanisms are internally provided with the two air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms respectively, and the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms are used for controlling the opening of air inlet and outlet channels.

The preferred technical proposal is that the negative pressure air exchange mechanism comprises a double-shaft motor, a first fixing frame, a first rotating rod, a fan box body, a second rotating rod, a turbofan, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, wherein the double-shaft motor is fixedly connected to the inner upper side surface of the negative pressure box body through a connecting block, the first fixing frame is provided with two parts, the two first fixing frames are fixedly connected to the inner upper side surface of the negative pressure box body, the two first fixing frames are positioned at the left side and the right side of the double-shaft motor, the left end and the right end of an output shaft of the double-shaft motor are fixedly connected with the first rotating rod, the two first rotating rods are respectively and rotatably connected to the two first fixing frames, the two first rotating rods are respectively and rotatably connected to the left part and the right part of the negative pressure box body at the upper side, the fan box body is respectively nested at the left part and the right part of the upper part of the negative pressure box body, the two fan box bodies are respectively and rotatably connected with the second rotating rod through the connecting block, the upper ends of the two second rotating rods are fixedly connected with the turbofan, the lower ends of the two second rotating rods are fixedly connected with first bevel gears, the two first rotating rods are fixedly connected with second bevel gears, and the two second bevel gears are meshed with the two first bevel gears respectively.

The optimized technical proposal is that the air filtering mechanism comprises a first bracket, two second brackets, a first air inlet plate, a second air inlet plate, an air outlet plate, an electrostatic adsorption plate and a filtering moving component, wherein the first bracket is provided with two first brackets which are arranged symmetrically left and right, the two first brackets are respectively and fixedly connected between the front side surface and the rear side surface in the negative pressure box body, the two second brackets are arranged symmetrically left and right, the two second brackets are respectively and fixedly connected between the front side surface and the rear side surface in the negative pressure box body, the two second brackets are arranged at the lower parts of the two first brackets, the upper ends of the two second brackets are fixedly connected with the first air inlet plate, the two first air inlet plates are arranged symmetrically left and right, the vertically adjacent first air inlet plate and the first brackets form a chute, the first air inlet plate is provided with a plurality of first round table air inlets, the second air inlet plate is fixedly connected between the two first brackets, it has a plurality of second round platform inlet port to open on the second air inlet plate, the rigid coupling has an air outlet plate between two first air inlet plates, it has a plurality of venthole to open on the air outlet plate, electrostatic absorption board sliding connection is between adjacent first air inlet plate and first support from top to bottom, electrostatic absorption board is used for filtered air, it has a plurality of to cross the filtration hole to open on the electrostatic absorption board, it is equipped with two sets ofly to filter the removal subassembly, two sets of filtration remove the equal rigid coupling of subassembly in the outside of two first supports, two sets of filtration remove the setting of subassembly bilateral symmetry, it removes the electrostatic absorption board to filter the removal subassembly to be used for removing.

According to the optimized technical scheme, the thick ends of the first circular truncated cone air inlet holes in the two first air inlet plates face the inner sides of the two first air inlet plates and are used for air inlet, the second circular truncated cone air inlet holes are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape with the thick ends upward and are used for air inlet, the air outlet holes are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape with the thick ends downward and are used for air exhaust, and the filter holes are arranged in a butt joint mode with the thick ends of the two circular truncated cones and are used for filtering.

The preferred technical proposal is that the filtering moving component comprises two second fixing frames, two first reciprocating lead screws, two first fixing rods, two first triangular extrusion blocks, two leakage-proof plates, two first springs and two second extrusion blocks, wherein the two second fixing frames are fixedly connected with the lower surface of the left side of the left first fixing frame, the first reciprocating lead screw is rotationally connected with the two second fixing frames, the middle part of the first reciprocating lead screw is in spline arrangement, the two second fixing frames are fixedly connected with the first fixing rods, the first triangular extrusion blocks are in threaded connection with the first reciprocating lead screws, the first triangular extrusion blocks are in sliding connection with the first fixing rods, the two leakage-proof plates are in sliding connection between the first air inlet plate and the first fixing frame which are adjacent up and down, the two leakage-proof plates are respectively positioned at the front side and the back side of the electrostatic adsorption plate, the two first springs are fixedly connected between the leakage-proof plates and the negative pressure box body, the left side and the right side of the electrostatic adsorption plate are fixedly connected with second extrusion blocks.

In a preferable technical scheme, the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism comprises a third fixing frame, second fixing rods, air inlet blocking plates, air inlet blocking blocks, ball screws, first spline belt pulleys, second spline belt pulleys, a sliding frame, first one-way wheels, second one-way wheels, first one-way shells, second one-way shells, a guide frame, a sliding support, lower end air outlet blocking assemblies and upper end air outlet blocking assemblies, four third fixing frames are arranged, the left and right sides of the four third fixing frames are adjacent to each other to form a group, the second fixing rods are fixedly connected to each group of the third fixing frames, the air inlet blocking plates are connected to the two second fixing rods in a sliding mode, a plurality of air inlet blocking blocks are fixedly connected to the right side face of each air inlet blocking plate, the air inlet blocking blocks are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of each air inlet blocking block is consistent with the diameter of the thin end of the first cylindrical air inlet hole, the ball screws are rotatably connected to the two second fixing frames, and the ball screws are positioned below the first reciprocating screws, the middle part of the ball screw is provided with a spline, the air inlet blocking plate is in threaded connection with the ball screw, the first spline belt pulley is connected with the middle spline of the first reciprocating screw in a sliding way, the second spline belt pulley is connected with the middle spline of the ball screw in a sliding way, a belt is wound between the first spline belt pulley and the second spline belt pulley, the upper part of the sliding frame is connected with the first spline belt pulley in a rotating way, the lower part of the sliding frame is connected with the second spline belt pulley in a rotating way, the left side of the first spline belt pulley is fixedly connected with a first one-way wheel, the right side of the middle spline of the first reciprocating screw is fixedly connected with a second one-way wheel, the left side of the middle spline of the first reciprocating screw is fixedly connected with a first one-way shell, the first one-way shell is used for controlling the rotating direction of the first one-way wheel, the right side of the middle spline of the first reciprocating screw is fixedly connected with a second one-way shell, the second one-way shell is used for controlling the rotating direction of the second one-way wheel, and two guide frames are fixedly connected between the lower parts of the two second fixing frames, symmetry sets up around two leading truck, the spout has all been opened in the middle of two leading truck, sliding support is equipped with two, the equal rigid coupling of right-hand member of two sliding support is in the jam plate that admits air, the equal rigid coupling in carriage in the left end of two sliding support, two sliding support difference sliding connection are spout in the middle of two leading truck, the lower extreme is given vent to anger and is blockked up the lower extreme of subassembly rigid coupling in the second support, the lower extreme is given vent to anger and is blockked up the subassembly and be used for controlling the opening and closing of outlet channel lower extreme, the upper end is given vent to anger and is blockked up subassembly sliding connection between two second supports, the upper end is given vent to anger and is blockked up the subassembly and be used for controlling opening and closing of outlet channel upper end.

The preferred technical scheme, the lower extreme is given vent to anger and is blockked up the subassembly including the third dwang, the third gear, fixed straight board, exhaust plugging block, first pinion rack and second spring, all rotate between the left surface of second support and the negative pressure box and be connected with two third dwangs, pass through belt and belt pulley transmission between two third dwangs and the ball respectively, the right side rigid coupling of third dwang has the third gear, the rigid coupling has two fixed straight boards between the downside of second support and the negative pressure box, the equal sliding connection of two fixed straight board left surfaces has exhaust plugging block, the equal rigid coupling in left side of two exhaust plugging blocks has first pinion rack, two first pinion rack respectively with two meshes, the rigid coupling has the second spring between exhaust plugging block and the negative pressure box.

In the preferred technical scheme, the upper end air outlet blocking component comprises a second toothed plate, a clip-shaped fixing frame and a fourth gear, third pinion rack, exhaust jam plate and round platform jam block, the equal rigid coupling in right side of two exhaust jam blocks has the second pinion rack, the downside rigid coupling of second support has two back type mounts, two back type mounts symmetry sets up, the lower extreme of two back type mounts sets up to the pipe, it is connected with the fourth gear all to rotate on two back type mount lower extreme pipes, two fourth gears mesh with two second pinion racks respectively, the right flank sliding connection of second support has two third pinion racks, two third pinion rack front and back symmetries set up, two third pinion racks mesh with two fourth gears respectively, the upper end right flank rigid coupling of two third pinion racks has exhaust jam plate, the rigid coupling has a plurality of round platform jam block on the exhaust jam plate, every round platform jam block all is unanimous with the size of venthole.

The preferred technical scheme, still including air disinfection mechanism, air disinfection mechanism is including the reciprocal lead screw of second, the third dead lever, air disinfection extrusion piece and air disinfectant watering can, it is connected with the reciprocal lead screw of second to rotate between second support and the negative pressure box, the rigid coupling has two third dead levers between second support and the negative pressure box, two third dead levers are located the left and right sides of the reciprocal lead screw of second respectively, air disinfection extrusion piece threaded connection is in the reciprocal lead screw of second, air disinfection extrusion piece sliding connection is in two third dead levers, air disinfectant watering can rigid coupling is in second support left surface, air disinfectant watering can is used for disinfecting the air.

Has the advantages that: the negative pressure air exchange mechanism is arranged, so that the purposes that air is supplied to the upper part and exhausted from the lower part when the elevator ascends and air is supplied to the lower part and exhausted from the upper part when the elevator descends are achieved, and the air exchange quality in the elevator is improved; through the arrangement of the air filtering mechanism, the first triangular extrusion block is used for extruding the second extrusion block to drive the electrostatic adsorption plate to move left and right, so that the left and right movement of the filtering holes is changed, and the air filtering of the electrostatic adsorption plate is increased; through arranging the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism, the first one-way wheel and the second one-way wheel are driven to respectively work in cooperation with the first one-way shell and the second one-way shell by utilizing the left-right movement of the first spline belt pulley, so that the air inlet blocking block blocks the first circular truncated cone air inlet, the first toothed plate is driven to move left and right by utilizing the third gear, a gap between the second support and the negative pressure box body is opened and blocked, the exhaust blocking plate and a plurality of circular truncated cone blocking blocks on the exhaust blocking plate are driven to move up and down by utilizing the fourth gear, so that the air outlet holes of the circular truncated cone blocking blocks are controlled to open and close the air inlet and outlet channels, the condition that pollutants in the air in the elevator are adsorbed on the device when the air inlet channel is opened is avoided, and the pollutants adsorbed on the device are floated in the air entering from the outside again when the air inlet channel is opened; through the back-and-forth movement of air disinfection extrusion piece, transmission air disinfectant watering can blowout disinfectant, reached the disinfection effect to the air, avoided the air of exchange to enter into the elevartor shaft after, changed into the car again in, can not carry out effectual disinfection to the air, lead to cross infection's risk to increase.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view of the negative pressure air exchange mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention at A.

Fig. 4 is a schematic partial perspective view of a first air filter mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial perspective sectional view of the air filter mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic partial perspective view of a second air filter mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third partial perspective view of the air filter mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first partial perspective structure of the air inlet/outlet passage control mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic partial perspective view of a second air inlet/outlet passage control mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the mechanism for controlling an air inlet/outlet passageway according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a third partial perspective structure of the air inlet/outlet passage control mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic partial perspective view of a fourth mechanism for controlling an air inlet/outlet passage according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a partial perspective view of the air sanitizer of the present invention.

Labeled in the figure as: 101-an elevator car, 102-a negative pressure box body, 201-a double-shaft motor, 202-a first fixed frame, 203-a first rotating rod, 204-a fan box body, 205-a second rotating rod, 206-a turbofan, 207-a first bevel gear, 208-a second bevel gear, 301-a first bracket, 302-a second bracket, 303-a first air inlet plate, 303 a-a first circular truncated cone air inlet hole, 304-a second air inlet plate, 304 a-a second circular truncated cone air inlet hole, 305-an air outlet plate, 305a air outlet hole, 306-an electrostatic adsorption plate, 306 a-a filtering hole, 307-a second fixed frame, 308-a first reciprocating lead screw, 309-a first fixed rod, 310-a first triangular extrusion block, 311-a leakage-preventing plate, 312-a first spring, 313-a second extrusion block, 401-a third fixing frame, 402-a second fixing rod, 403-an air inlet blocking plate, 404-an air inlet blocking block, 405-a ball screw, 406-a first spline pulley, 407-a second spline pulley, 408-a sliding frame, 409-a first one-way wheel, 410-a second one-way wheel, 411-a first one-way shell, 412-a second one-way shell, 413-a guide frame, 414-a sliding support, 415-a third rotating rod, 416-a third gear, 417-a fixed straight plate, 418-an exhaust blocking block, 419-a first toothed plate, 420-a second spring, 421-a second toothed plate, 422-a clip fixing frame, 423-a fourth gear, 424-a third toothed plate, 425-an exhaust blocking plate, 426-a circular truncated cone blocking block, 501-a second reciprocating screw, 502-third fixed bar, 503-air disinfection extrusion block, 504-air disinfectant sprinkling can.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but the invention is not limited to the scope of protection and application.

Example 1

A negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration functions is shown in figures 1-12, and comprises an elevator car 101 and a negative pressure box body 102, the air-conditioning system comprises a negative pressure air exchange mechanism, air filtering mechanisms and air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms, wherein the upper side surface and the lower side surface of an elevator car 101 are fixedly connected with negative pressure boxes 102, the two negative pressure boxes 102 are symmetrically arranged up and down, the negative pressure air exchange mechanisms are fixedly connected in the two negative pressure boxes 102 and used for exchanging air in the elevator car 101 and an elevator shaft, the air filtering mechanisms are fixedly connected in the two negative pressure boxes 102 and respectively positioned at the inner sides of the two negative pressure air exchange mechanisms and used for filtering air, the two air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms are respectively arranged in the two air filtering mechanisms, and the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms are used for controlling the opening of air inlet and outlet channels.

When a person in an elevator operates the elevator to move upwards, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism starts to work, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the lower negative pressure air exchange mechanism to work, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism and the lower negative pressure air exchange mechanism are matched and used for exchanging air in the elevator car 101 and an elevator shaft, the phenomenon that air exchange in the elevator is uneven when the elevator moves upwards is avoided, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms of the upper part and the lower part to work, at the moment, an air inlet channel of the upper air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism is opened, an air outlet channel is closed, an air inlet channel of the lower air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism is closed, the air outlet channel is opened, the air inlet and outlet channels are used for controlling the opening of the air inlet and outlet channels, the phenomenon that pollutants in the air in the elevator are adsorbed on the device when the air inlet channel is opened is avoided, so that the pollutants adsorbed on the device float in the air coming from the outside again, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the air filtering mechanisms which enter the upper part and the lower part to work, the air filtering mechanisms are used for filtering air, the air filtering mechanism on the upper part filters air entering the elevator from the outside, the air filtering mechanism on the lower part filters air discharged into the elevator from the outside, the air in the elevator is always in a state of being exchanged and converted with the outside air, and the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism stops working until the elevator reaches a target floor.

When a person in an elevator operates the elevator to move downwards, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism starts to work, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the lower negative pressure air exchange mechanism to work, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism and the lower negative pressure air exchange mechanism are matched and used for exchanging air in the elevator car 101 and the elevator shaft, the problem that the air exchange in the elevator is uneven when the elevator moves downwards is avoided, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms of the upper part and the lower part to work, at the moment, an air inlet channel of the lower air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism is opened, an air outlet channel is closed, an air inlet channel of the upper air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism is closed, an air outlet channel is opened, an air inlet and outlet channel is used for controlling the opening of the air inlet and outlet channels, the problem that pollutants in the air in the elevator are adsorbed on the device when the air inlet channel is opened is avoided, and the pollutants adsorbed on the device float in the air coming from the outside again, the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism drives the air filtering mechanisms which enter the upper part and the lower part to work, the air filtering mechanisms are used for filtering air, the air filtering mechanism on the lower part filters air entering the elevator from the outside at the moment, the air filtering mechanism on the upper part filters air discharged into the outside in the elevator, so that the air in the elevator is always in a state of being exchanged and converted with the outside air, and the upper negative pressure air exchange mechanism stops working until the elevator reaches a target floor.

Example 2

Based on embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the negative pressure air exchange mechanism includes a double-shaft motor 201, two first fixing frames 202, two first rotating rods 203, a fan housing 204, a second rotating rod 205, a turbofan 206, a first bevel gear 207 and a second bevel gear 208, the double-shaft motor 201 is fixedly connected to the upper side surface inside the upper negative pressure housing 102 through a connecting block, the two first fixing frames 202 are fixedly connected to the upper side surface inside the negative pressure housing 102, the two first fixing frames 202 are located at the left and right sides of the double-shaft motor 201, the first rotating rods 203 are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 201, the two first rotating rods 203 are respectively and rotatably connected to the two first fixing frames 202, the two first rotating rods 203 are respectively and rotatably connected to the left and right portions of the negative pressure housing 102, the fan housing 204 is nested in the left and right portions of the upper portion of the negative pressure housing 102, all be connected with second dwang 205 through the connecting block rotation in two fan box 204, the equal rigid coupling in upper end of two second dwang 205 has turbofan 206, and the equal rigid coupling in lower extreme of two second dwang 205 has first bevel gear 207, and the equal rigid coupling in two first dwang 203 has second bevel gear 208, and two second bevel gear 208 mesh with two first bevel gear 207 respectively.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the air filtering mechanism includes two first brackets 301, two second brackets 302, a first air inlet plate 303, a second air inlet plate 304, an air outlet plate 305, an electrostatic adsorption plate 306 and a filtering moving component, the first bracket 301 is provided with two first brackets 301 arranged in bilateral symmetry, the two first brackets 301 are respectively fixedly connected between the front and back side surfaces inside the negative pressure box body 102, the two second brackets 302 are provided with two second brackets 302 arranged in bilateral symmetry, the two second brackets 302 are respectively fixedly connected between the front and back side surfaces inside the negative pressure box body 102, the two second brackets 302 are positioned at the lower parts of the two first brackets 301, the upper ends of the two second brackets 302 are fixedly connected with the first air inlet plate, the two first air inlet plates 303 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the vertically adjacent first air inlet plate 303 and the first bracket 301 form a sliding chute, the first air inlet plate 303 is provided with a plurality of first circular truncated cone shaped air inlet holes 303a, the fixed connection has second air inlet plate 304 between two first supports 301, it has a plurality of second round platform inlet port 304a to open on the second air inlet plate 304, the fixed connection has air outlet plate 305 between two first air inlet plates 303, air outlet plate 305 goes up to open has a plurality of venthole 305a, electrostatic absorption board 306 sliding connection is between adjacent first air inlet plate 303 and first support 301 from top to bottom, electrostatic absorption board 306 is used for filtered air, it has a plurality of filtration hole 306a to open on the electrostatic absorption board 306, it is two sets of to filter the removal subassembly, two sets of equal rigid couplings of removal subassembly in the outside of two first supports 301 of filtering, two sets of removal subassemblies are left and right symmetry and are set up, it is used for controlling electrostatic absorption board 306 to filter the removal subassembly.

The thick ends of the first circular truncated cone air inlet holes 303a on the two first air inlet plates 303 face the inner sides of the two first air inlet plates 303 and are used for air inlet, the second circular truncated cone air inlet holes 304a are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape with the thick ends upward and are used for air inlet, the air outlet holes 305a are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape with the thick ends downward and are used for air outlet, and the filtering holes 306a are arranged in a butt joint mode with the thick ends of the two circular truncated cones and are used for filtering.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the filtering moving assembly includes two second fixing frames 307, two first reciprocating screws 308, two first fixing rods 309, two first triangular pressing blocks 310, two leakage-preventing plates 311, a first spring 312 and two second pressing blocks 313, the two second fixing frames 307 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left side of the left first fixing frame 301, the first reciprocating screws 308 are rotatably connected to the two second fixing frames 307, the middle portion of the first reciprocating screws 308 is provided with a spline, the two second fixing frames 307 are fixedly connected with the first fixing rods 309, the first triangular pressing blocks 310 are threadedly connected to the first reciprocating screws 308, the first triangular pressing blocks 310 are slidably connected to the first fixing rods 309, the two leakage-preventing plates 311 are provided, the two leakage-preventing plates 311 are slidably connected between the vertically adjacent first air inlet plate 303 and the first fixing frame 301, the two leakage-preventing plates 311 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the electrostatic absorption plate 306, two first springs 312 are fixedly connected between the leakage-proof plate 311 and the negative pressure box 102, and second pressing blocks 313 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the electrostatic adsorption plate 306.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the air inlet/outlet passage control mechanism includes a third fixing frame 401, a second fixing rod 402, an air inlet blocking plate 403, an air inlet blocking block 404, a ball screw 405, a first spline pulley 406, a second spline pulley 407, a sliding frame 408, a first one-way wheel 409, a second one-way wheel 410, a first one-way shell 411, a second one-way shell 412, a guide frame 413, a sliding bracket 414, four lower end air outlet blocking assemblies and an upper end air outlet blocking assembly, the third fixing frame 401 is provided with four left and right adjacent groups, each group of the third fixing frames 401 is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod 402, two second fixing rods 402 are slidably connected with the air inlet blocking plate 403, a plurality of cylindrical air inlet blocking blocks 404 are fixedly connected on the right side surface of the air inlet blocking plate 403, the air inlet blocking blocks 404 are arranged in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the air inlet blocking blocks 404 is consistent with the diameter of the thin end of the first air inlet 303a, the ball screw 405 is rotatably connected to two second fixed frames 307, the ball screw 405 is located below the first reciprocating screw 308, the middle of the ball screw 405 is provided with a spline, the air inlet blocking plate 403 is in threaded connection with the ball screw 405, the first spline pulley 406 is slidably connected to the spline in the middle of the first reciprocating screw 308, the second spline pulley 407 is slidably connected to the spline in the middle of the ball screw 405, a belt is wound between the first spline pulley 406 and the second spline pulley 407, the upper part of the sliding frame 408 is rotatably connected to the first spline pulley 406, the lower part of the sliding frame 408 is rotatably connected to the second spline pulley 407, the left side of the first spline pulley 406 is fixedly connected with a first one-way wheel 409, the right side of the first spline pulley 406 is fixedly connected with a second one-way wheel 410, the left side of the spline in the middle of the first reciprocating screw 308 is fixedly connected with a first one-way shell 411, the first one-way shell 411 is used for controlling the rotation direction of the first one-way wheel, the right side of the spline in the middle of the first reciprocating lead screw 308 is fixedly connected with a second unidirectional shell 412, the second unidirectional shell 412 is used for controlling the rotation direction of a second unidirectional wheel 410, two guide frames 413 are fixedly connected between the lower portions of two second fixing frames 307, the two guide frames 413 are symmetrically arranged in front and back, sliding grooves are formed in the middle of the two guide frames 413, two sliding supports 414 are arranged, the right ends of the two sliding supports 414 are fixedly connected to the air inlet blocking plate 403, the left ends of the two sliding supports 414 are fixedly connected to the sliding frame 408, the two sliding supports 414 are respectively and slidably connected to the sliding grooves in the middle of the two guide frames 413, the lower end air outlet blocking component is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second support 302, the lower end air outlet blocking component is used for controlling the opening and closing of the lower end of the air outlet channel, the upper end air outlet blocking component is slidably connected between the two second supports 302, and the upper end air outlet blocking component is used for controlling the opening and closing of the upper end of the air outlet channel.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the lower end air outlet blocking assembly includes a third rotating rod 415, a third gear 416, a fixed straight plate 417, an exhaust blocking block 418, a first toothed plate 419 and a second spring 420, two third rotating rods 415 are rotatably connected between the left side of the second bracket 302 and the negative pressure box 102, the two third rotating rods 415 and the ball screw 405 are respectively driven by a belt and a pulley, the third gear 416 is fixedly connected to the right side of the third rotating rod 415, two fixed straight plates 417 are fixedly connected between the lower side of the second bracket 302 and the negative pressure box 102, the exhaust blocking block 418 is slidably connected to the left side of the two fixed straight plates 417, a first toothed plate 419 is fixedly connected to the left side of the two exhaust blocking blocks 418, the two first toothed plates 419 are respectively engaged with the two first toothed plates 419, and a second spring 420 is fixedly connected between the exhaust blocking block 418 and the negative pressure box 102.

As shown in fig. 12, the upper air outlet blocking assembly includes a second toothed plate 421, two fixing brackets 422, a fourth gear 423, a third toothed plate 424, an exhaust blocking plate 425, and a circular truncated cone blocking block 426, the right sides of the two exhaust blocking blocks 418 are fixedly connected with the second toothed plate 421, the lower side surface of the second support 302 is fixedly connected with the two fixing brackets 422, the two fixing brackets 422 are symmetrically arranged in front and back, the lower ends of the two fixing brackets 422 are circular tubes, the circular tubes at the lower ends of the two fixing brackets 422 are rotatably connected with the fourth gear 423, the two fourth gears 423 are respectively engaged with the two second toothed plates 421, the right side surface of the second support 302 is slidably connected with the two third toothed plates 424, the two third toothed plates 424 are symmetrically arranged in front and back, the two third toothed plates 424 are respectively engaged with the two fourth gears 423, the right side surfaces of the upper ends of the two third toothed plates 424 are fixedly connected with the exhaust blocking plate 425, the exhaust blocking plate 425 is fixedly connected with the circular truncated cone blocking block 426, each circular truncated cone plugging block 426 is consistent with the size of the air outlet 305 a.

When a person in the elevator operates the elevator to go upwards, the double-shaft motor 201 starts to work, the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 201 is in clockwise rotation under a left view, the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 201 drives the first rotating rod 203 to rotate clockwise, the first rotating rod 203 drives the two second bevel gears 208 to rotate clockwise, the two second bevel gears 208 drive the two first bevel gears 207 to rotate clockwise, the two first bevel gears 207 rotate clockwise under a top view, the two first bevel gears 207 rotate clockwise to drive the two second rotating rods 205 to rotate clockwise, the two second rotating rods 205 drive the two turbofan 206 to rotate clockwise, and the turbofan 206 rotates clockwise to suck gas in the elevator well into the elevator through the two fan boxes 204 and the negative pressure box 102.

In the above process, the first rotating rod 203 rotates clockwise to drive the first reciprocating screw 308 to rotate clockwise, the first reciprocating screw 308 drives the second one-way housing 412 to rotate clockwise, at this time, the second one-way housing 412 drives the second one-way wheel 410 to rotate clockwise, the second one-way wheel 410 drives the first spline pulley 406 and the first one-way wheel 409 to rotate clockwise, the first spline pulley 406 rotates clockwise to drive the second spline pulley 407 to rotate clockwise through the belt, the second spline pulley 407 drives the ball screw 405 to rotate clockwise through the middle spline of the ball screw 405, the ball screw 405 rotates clockwise through the screw thread fit, the air inlet blocking plate 403 is driven to slide leftward under the action of the two second fixing rods 402, the air inlet blocking plate 403 drives the air inlet blocking blocks 404 thereon to slide leftward, and starts to disengage from the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole 303a, when the second one-way wheel 410 slides leftward until it completely fits with the middle spline of the first reciprocating screw 308, the air inlet blocking block 404 is completely separated from the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole 303a, at this time, the second one-way wheel 410 is completely separated from the second one-way shell 412, at this time, the first reciprocating lead screw 308 drives the first spline belt pulley 406, the first one-way wheel 409 and the second one-way wheel 410 to rotate clockwise through a middle spline until the first one-way wheel 409 contacts the first one-way shell 411, at this time, the first spline belt pulley 406 and the second one-way wheel 410 continue to rotate clockwise, the first one-way wheel 409 continues to rotate clockwise, the first one-way shell 411 continues to rotate clockwise, when the first one-way wheel 409 completely enters the first one-way shell 411, at this time, the right end of the second one-way wheel 410 is just separated from the middle part of the first reciprocating lead screw 308, the first one-way wheel 409, the first spline belt pulley 406 and the second one-way wheel 410 do not rotate clockwise any more, the first spline belt pulley 406 does not rotate the second spline belt pulley 407, the ball screw 405 no longer rotates clockwise and the intake blocking plate 403 no longer slides leftward.

When the ball screw 405 drives the third rotating rod 415 to rotate clockwise through the belt pulley and the belt, the third rotating rod 415 drives the clockwise rotation to drive the first toothed plate 419 to move backwards, the first toothed plate 419 drives the exhaust blocking block 418 to move backwards, the exhaust blocking block 418 moves backwards to extrude the second spring 420, the second spring 420 generates an acting force in the opposite direction, and the exhaust blocking block 418 moves backwards to completely block a gap between the second support 302 and the negative pressure box body 102.

The exhaust blocking block 418 moves backwards to drive the second toothed plate 421 to move backwards, the second toothed plate 421 moves backwards to drive the fourth gear 423 to rotate clockwise, the fourth gear 423 rotates clockwise to drive the third toothed plate 424 to move upwards, the third toothed plate 424 moves upwards to drive the circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 to move upwards, the circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 drive the circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 to move upwards, and the circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 move upwards to block the air outlet 305 a.

When the air outlet 305a is completely blocked, the gap between the second bracket 302 and the negative pressure box body 102 is blocked, and the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole 303a is no longer blocked, the air in the upper negative pressure box body 102 flows onto the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 through the second circular truncated cone air inlet hole 304a on the second air inlet plate 304, and flows into the elevator through the second circular truncated cone air inlet hole 304a, the filter hole 306a and the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole 303 a.

In the process, the first reciprocating screw 308 rotates clockwise, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards through screw thread fit transmission, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards to extrude the second extrusion block 313, the second extrusion block 313 is extruded to move backwards to extrude the leakage-proof plate 311, the leakage-proof plate 311 is extruded to move backwards, the leakage-proof plate 311 drives the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 to move backwards, the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 moves backwards to compress the first spring 312, when the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards to the left end of the first reciprocating screw 308, under the action of the first reciprocating screw 308, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves rightwards to begin to reduce extrusion of the second extrusion block 313, and when the second extrusion block 313 is not extruded any more, the first spring 312 resets to move the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 to reset, the above circulation causes the electrostatic absorption plate 306 to move left and right, so that the electrostatic absorption plate 306 is better contacted with the air.

All the descriptions above are in the operating state in which the upper negative pressure casing 102 moves upward in the elevator, and the operating state of the lower negative pressure casing 102 is in the opposite state, and is used for discharging air in the elevator downward.

When a person in the elevator operates the elevator to move downwards, the double-shaft motor 201 starts to work, at the moment, the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 201 is in anticlockwise rotation under a left view, the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 201 drives the first rotating rod 203 to anticlockwise rotate, the first rotating rod 203 drives the two second bevel gears 208 to anticlockwise rotate, the two second bevel gears 208 drive the two first bevel gears 207 to rotate, the two first bevel gears 207 anticlockwise rotate under a top view, the two first bevel gears 207 anticlockwise rotate to drive the two second rotating rods 205 to anticlockwise rotate, the two second rotating rods 205 drive the two turbofan 206 to anticlockwise rotate, and the turbofan 206 anticlockwise rotates to enable gas in the elevator to flow into the elevator shaft through the upper side negative pressure box body 102.

In the above process, the first rotating rod 203 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first reciprocating screw 308 to rotate counterclockwise, the central spline of the first reciprocating screw 308 drives the first spline pulley 406 to rotate counterclockwise, the first reciprocating screw 308 drives the first unidirectional shell 411 and the second unidirectional shell 412 to rotate counterclockwise, the first spline pulley 406 drives the second spline pulley 407 to rotate counterclockwise through a belt, the first spline pulley 406 drives the first unidirectional wheel 409 and the second unidirectional wheel 410 to rotate counterclockwise, the second spline pulley 407 drives the ball screw 405 to rotate counterclockwise through the central spline of the ball screw 405, the ball screw 405 rotates counterclockwise through a thread fit to drive the air inlet blocking plate 403 to slide rightward under the action of the two second fixing rods 402, the air inlet blocking plate drives the plurality of air inlet blocking blocks 404 thereon to slide rightward, the air inlet blocking plate 403 slides rightward to drive the two sliding brackets 414 to slide rightward, the two sliding brackets 414 drive the sliding frame 408 to slide rightwards, the sliding frame 408 drives the second spline pulley 407 to slide rightwards along a spline in the middle of the ball screw 405, the sliding frame 408 drives the first spline pulley 406, the first one-way wheel 409 and the second one-way wheel 410 to slide rightwards along a spline in the middle of the first reciprocating screw 308, when the right end of the air inlet blocking block 404 contacts with the first round platform air inlet hole 303a, the second one-way wheel 410 slides rightwards to start to enter the second one-way shell 412, at the moment, because the first spline pulley 406 and the first one-way wheel 409 are also in spline connection with the first reciprocating screw 308, the rotation speed of the second one-way wheel 410 is the same as that of the second one-way shell 412, at the moment, the second one-way shell 412 and the second one-way wheel 410 cannot be butted, when the air inlet blocking block 404 completely enters the first round platform air inlet hole 303a, the second one-way wheel 410 slides rightwards to completely enter the second one-way shell 412, at this moment, the left end of the first one-way wheel 409 is just separated from the spline in the middle of the first reciprocating lead screw 308, at this moment, the first spline belt pulley 406, the first one-way wheel 409 and the second one-way wheel 410 do not rotate any more, at this moment, the counterclockwise second one-way shell 412 does not drive the second one-way wheel 410 to rotate, the first spline belt pulley 406 does not rotate any more to drive the second spline belt pulley 407 to rotate, at this moment, the ball screw 405 does not rotate any more, the air inlet blocking plate 403 does not move rightward any more, and at this moment, the two first air inlet plates 303 at the lower part are completely blocked.

When the ball screw 405 drives the third rotating rod 415 to rotate counterclockwise through the belt pulley and the belt, the third rotating rod 415 drives the counterclockwise rotation to drive the first toothed plate 419 to move forward, the first toothed plate 419 drives the exhaust blocking block 418 to move forward, the exhaust blocking block 418 moves forward and does not extrude the second spring 420 any more, and the exhaust blocking block 418 moves forward and does not block up the gap between the second bracket 302 and the negative pressure box body 102 any more.

The exhaust blocking block 418 moves forward to drive the second toothed plate 421 to move forward, the second toothed plate 421 moves forward to drive the fourth gear 423 to rotate counterclockwise, the fourth gear 423 rotates counterclockwise to drive the third toothed plate 424 to move downward, the third toothed plate 424 moves downward to drive the circular truncated cone blocking block 426 to move downward, the circular truncated cone blocking block 426 drives the next circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 to move downward, and the circular truncated cone blocking blocks 426 move downward to stop blocking the air outlet 305 a.

When the air outlet 305a is not blocked any more, the gap between the second bracket 302 and the negative pressure box body 102 is not blocked any more, and the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole 303a is blocked, the air in the lower negative pressure box body 102 flows to the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 through the air outlet 305a, and is discharged into the elevator shaft through the filter hole 306a, the second circular truncated cone air inlet hole 304a and the two fan box bodies 204 on the lower side.

In the process, the first reciprocating screw 308 rotates counterclockwise, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards through screw thread fit transmission, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards to extrude the second extrusion block 313, the second extrusion block 313 is extruded to move backwards to extrude the leakage-proof plate 311, the leakage-proof plate 311 is extruded to move backwards, the leakage-proof plate 311 drives the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 to move backwards, the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 moves backwards to compress the first spring 312, when the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves leftwards to the left end of the first reciprocating screw 308, under the action of the first reciprocating screw 308, the first triangular extrusion block 310 moves rightwards to begin to reduce extrusion of the second extrusion block 313, and when the second extrusion block 313 is not extruded any more, the first spring 312 resets to move the electrostatic adsorption plate 306 to reset, the above circulation makes the electrostatic absorption plate 306 move left and right, so that the electrostatic absorption plate 306 is better contacted with the air.

The operation state of the upper negative pressure casing 102 when all the elevators are moving downward is described above, and the operation state of the lower negative pressure casing 102 is reversed, and air is sucked into the elevator.

Example 3

On the basis of the embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 13, the air disinfection apparatus further includes an air disinfection mechanism, the air disinfection mechanism includes a second reciprocating screw 501, third fixing rods 502, an air disinfection extrusion block 503 and an air disinfectant spraying pot 504, the second reciprocating screw 501 is rotatably connected between the second support 302 and the negative pressure box body 102, two third fixing rods 502 are fixedly connected between the second support 302 and the negative pressure box body 102, the two third fixing rods 502 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the second reciprocating screw 501, the air disinfection extrusion block 503 is in threaded connection with the second reciprocating screw 501, the air disinfection extrusion block 503 is in sliding connection with the two third fixing rods 502, the air disinfectant spraying pot 504 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the second support 302, and the air disinfectant spraying pot 504 is used for disinfecting air.

When air enters and exits, the ball screw 405 drives the second reciprocating screw 501 to rotate through a belt pulley, the second reciprocating screw 501 drives the air disinfection extrusion block 503 to move leftwards through thread fit, the air disinfection extrusion block 503 moves leftwards to extrude the air disinfectant sprinkling can 504, the air disinfectant sprinkling can 504 is extruded to spray disinfectant to disinfect air, when the air disinfection extrusion block 503 moves leftwards to the leftmost end of the second reciprocating screw 501, the air disinfection extrusion block 503 moves rightwards under the action of the second reciprocating screw 501, the air disinfection extrusion block 503 moves rightwards to not extrude the air disinfectant sprinkling can 504 any more, the nozzle of the air disinfectant sprinkling can 504 is reset until the air disinfection extrusion block 503 moves rightwards to the rightmost end of the second reciprocating screw 501, the air disinfection extrusion block moves leftwards again, and the air disinfectant sprinkling can 504 repeatedly sprays disinfectant to disinfect air in a circulating reciprocating manner, after the disinfectant in the air disinfectant spraying pot 504 is used up, the disinfectant in the air disinfectant spraying pot 504 is manually filled.

While the disclosure has been shown and described with reference to certain exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the appended claims, but also by equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration functions comprises an elevator car (101), and is characterized in that: the elevator car air purifier is characterized by further comprising negative pressure box bodies (102), negative pressure air exchange mechanisms, air filtering mechanisms and air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms, the negative pressure box bodies (102) are fixedly connected to the upper side face and the lower side face of the elevator car (101), the two negative pressure box bodies (102) are symmetrically arranged up and down, the negative pressure air exchange mechanisms are fixedly connected to the two negative pressure box bodies (102) respectively and used for exchanging air in the elevator car (101) and the elevator shaft, the air filtering mechanisms are fixedly connected to the two negative pressure box bodies (102) respectively and located on the inner sides of the two negative pressure air exchange mechanisms respectively, the air filtering mechanisms are used for filtering air, the two air inlet and outlet channel control mechanisms are arranged inside the two air filtering mechanisms respectively and used for controlling the opening of air inlet and outlet channels.

2. The negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration function of claim 1, characterized in that: the negative pressure air exchange mechanism comprises a double-shaft motor (201), first fixing frames (202), first rotating rods (203), a fan box body (204), second rotating rods (205), a turbofan (206), first bevel gears (207) and second bevel gears (208), wherein the double-shaft motor (201) is fixedly connected to the upper side surface inside the negative pressure box body (102) through a connecting block, the number of the first fixing frames (202) is two, the two first fixing frames (202) are fixedly connected to the upper side surface inside the negative pressure box body (102), the two first fixing frames (202) are positioned at the left side and the right side of the double-shaft motor (201), the left end and the right end of an output shaft of the double-shaft motor (201) are fixedly connected with the first rotating rods (203), the two first rotating rods (203) are respectively and rotatably connected to the two first fixing frames (202), the two first rotating rods (203) are respectively and rotatably connected to the left portion and the right portion of the negative pressure box body (102) at the upper side, the left and right parts on the upper part of the negative pressure box body (102) are all nested with the fan box body (204), the two fan box bodies (204) are all connected with a second rotating rod (205) through a connecting block in a rotating manner, the upper ends of the two second rotating rods (205) are fixedly connected with a turbofan (206), the lower ends of the two second rotating rods (205) are fixedly connected with first bevel gears (207), the two first rotating rods (203) are fixedly connected with second bevel gears (208), and the two second bevel gears (208) are respectively meshed with the two first bevel gears (207).

3. The negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration function of claim 1, characterized in that: the air filtering mechanism comprises first supports (301), second supports (302), first air inlet plates (303), second air inlet plates (304), air outlet plates (305), electrostatic adsorption plates (306) and filtering moving components, wherein the number of the first supports (301) is two, the two first supports (301) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the two first supports (301) are respectively and fixedly connected between the front side surface and the rear side surface of the interior of the negative pressure box body (102), the number of the second supports (302) is two, the two second supports (302) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the two second supports (302) are respectively and fixedly connected between the front side surface and the rear side surface of the interior of the negative pressure box body (102), the two second supports (302) are positioned at the lower parts of the two first supports (301), the upper ends of the two second supports (302) are respectively and fixedly connected with the first air inlet plates (303), the two first air inlet plates (303) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the upper and lower parts and the adjacent first air inlet plates (303) and the first supports (301) form a sliding chute, open on first air inlet plate (303) and have first round platform inlet port of a plurality of (303 a), the rigid coupling has second air inlet plate (304) between two first supports (301), it has second round platform inlet port of a plurality of (304 a) to open on second air inlet plate (304), the rigid coupling has air outlet plate (305) between two first air inlet plates (303), it has a plurality of venthole (305 a) to open on air outlet plate (305), electrostatic absorption plate (306) sliding connection is between first air inlet plate (303) and first support (301) adjacent from top to bottom, electrostatic absorption plate (306) are used for filtering the air, it has a plurality of filtration hole (306 a) to open on electrostatic absorption plate (306), it is equipped with two sets ofly to filter the removal subassembly, two sets of equal rigid couplings of removal subassembly in the outside of two first supports (301), two sets of left and right symmetry of removal subassembly sets up, it is used for moving electrostatic absorption plate (306) about to filter the removal subassembly.

4. The negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the thick ends of the first circular table air inlet holes (303 a) on the two first air inlet plates (303) face the inner sides of the two first air inlet plates (303) and are used for air inlet, the second circular table air inlet holes (304 a) are arranged in a circular table shape with the thick ends upward and are used for air inlet, the air outlet holes (305 a) are arranged in a circular table shape with the thick ends downward and are used for air exhaust, and the filtering holes (306 a) are arranged in a butt joint mode of the thick ends of the two circular tables and are used for filtering.

5. The negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the filtering moving assembly comprises two second fixing frames (307), a first reciprocating lead screw (308), two first fixing rods (309), two first triangular extrusion blocks (310), leakage-proof plates (311), a first spring (312) and two second extrusion blocks (313), wherein the two second fixing frames (307) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left side of the left first support (301), the first reciprocating lead screw (308) is rotatably connected to the two second fixing frames (307), the middle part of the first reciprocating lead screw (308) is in spline arrangement, the two second fixing frames (307) are fixedly connected with the first fixing rods (309), the first triangular extrusion blocks (310) are in threaded connection with the first reciprocating lead screw (308), the first triangular extrusion blocks (310) are in sliding connection with the first fixing rods (309), the leakage-proof plates (311) are provided with two leakage-proof plates (311), and the two leakage-proof plates (311) are in sliding connection between the first air inlet plate (303) and the first air inlet support (301) which are adjacent up and down, the two leakage-proof plates (311) are respectively positioned at the front side and the rear side of the electrostatic adsorption plate (306), two first springs (312) are fixedly connected between the leakage-proof plates (311) and the negative pressure box body (102), and second extrusion blocks (313) are fixedly connected with the left side and the right side of the electrostatic adsorption plate (306).

6. The negative pressure elevator car with air disinfection and filtration function of claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet and outlet channel control mechanism comprises a third fixing frame (401), second fixing rods (402), air inlet blocking plates (403), air inlet blocking blocks (404), a ball screw (405), a first spline belt pulley (406), a second spline belt pulley (407), a sliding frame (408), a first one-way wheel (409), a second one-way wheel (410), a first one-way shell (411), a second one-way shell (412), a guide frame (413), a sliding support (414), a lower end air outlet blocking assembly and an upper end air outlet blocking assembly, the number of the third fixing frames (401) is four, the left side and the right side are adjacent to each other to form a group, the second fixing rods (402) are fixedly connected to each group of the third fixing frames (401), the air inlet blocking plates (403) are slidably connected to the two second fixing rods (402), a plurality of air inlet blocking blocks (404) are fixedly connected to the right side surface of each air inlet blocking plate (403), and the air inlet blocking blocks (404) are arranged in a cylindrical shape, the diameter of the air inlet blocking block (404) is consistent with the diameter of the thin end of the first circular truncated cone air inlet hole (303 a), the ball screw (405) is rotatably connected with two second fixing frames (307), the ball screw (405) is positioned below the first reciprocating screw (308), the middle part of the ball screw (405) is provided with splines, the air inlet blocking plate (403) is in threaded connection with the ball screw (405), the first spline belt pulley (406) is slidably connected with the splines in the middle part of the first reciprocating screw (308), the second spline belt pulley (407) is slidably connected with the splines in the middle part of the ball screw (405), a belt is wound between the first spline belt pulley (406) and the second spline belt pulley (407), the upper part of the sliding frame (408) is rotatably connected with the first spline belt pulley (406), the lower part of the sliding frame (408) is rotatably connected with the second spline belt pulley (407), the left side of the first spline belt pulley (406) is fixedly connected with a first one-way wheel (409), a second one-way wheel (410) is fixedly connected to the right side of a first spline belt pulley (406), a first one-way shell (411) is fixedly connected to the left side of a spline in the middle of a first reciprocating lead screw (308), the first one-way shell (411) is used for controlling the rotating direction of the first one-way wheel (409), a second one-way shell (412) is fixedly connected to the right side of the spline in the middle of the first reciprocating lead screw (308), the second one-way shell (412) is used for controlling the rotating direction of the second one-way wheel (410), two guide frames (413) are fixedly connected between the lower parts of the two second fixing frames (307), the two guide frames (413) are symmetrically arranged in front and back, sliding grooves are formed in the middles of the two guide frames (413), two sliding supports (414) are arranged, the right ends of the two sliding supports (414) are fixedly connected to an air inlet blocking plate (403), the left ends of the two sliding supports (414) are fixedly connected to a sliding frame (408), and the two sliding supports (414) are respectively connected to the middle sliding grooves of the two guide frames (413), the lower end air outlet blocking component is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second support (302), the lower end air outlet blocking component is used for controlling the opening and closing of the lower end of the air outlet channel, the upper end air outlet blocking component is connected between the two second supports (302) in a sliding mode, and the upper end air outlet blocking component is used for controlling the opening and closing of the upper end of the air outlet channel.

7. The negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the lower end air outlet blocking component comprises a third rotating rod (415), a third gear (416), fixed straight plates (417), an exhaust blocking block (418), a first toothed plate (419) and a second spring (420), two third rotating rods (415) are rotatably connected between the left side surface of the second support (302) and the negative pressure box body (102), the two third rotating rods (415) and the ball screw (405) are respectively transmitted through a belt and a belt pulley, the third gear (416) is fixedly connected to the right side of the third rotating rod (415), two fixed straight plates (417) are fixedly connected between the lower side surface of the second support (302) and the negative pressure box body (102), the exhaust blocking block (418) is respectively and slidably connected to the left side surfaces of the two fixed straight plates (417), the first toothed plate (419) is fixedly connected to the left side surfaces of the two exhaust blocking blocks (418), the two first toothed plates (419) are respectively engaged with the two first toothed plates, a second spring (420) is fixedly connected between the exhaust plugging block (418) and the negative pressure box body (102).

8. The negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the upper end air outlet blocking assembly comprises a second toothed plate (421), two clip-shaped fixing frames (422), a fourth gear (423), a third toothed plate (424), an exhaust blocking plate (425) and a circular truncated cone blocking block (426), the second toothed plate (421) is fixedly connected to the right sides of the two exhaust blocking blocks (418), two clip-shaped fixing frames (422) are fixedly connected to the lower side surface of the second support (302), the two clip-shaped fixing frames (422) are symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction, the lower ends of the two clip-shaped fixing frames (422) are arranged to be round pipes, the fourth gear (423) is rotatably connected to the round pipes at the lower ends of the two clip-shaped fixing frames (422), the two fourth gears (423) are respectively meshed with the two second toothed plates (421), the right side surface of the second support (302) is slidably connected with the two third toothed plates (424), the two third toothed plates (424) are symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction, the two third toothed plates (424) are respectively meshed with the two fourth gears (423), the right side surfaces of the upper ends of the two third toothed plates (424) are fixedly connected with an exhaust blocking plate (425), the exhaust blocking plate (425) is fixedly connected with a plurality of circular truncated cone blocking blocks (426), and each circular truncated cone blocking block (426) is consistent with the size of the air outlet hole (305 a).

9. The negative pressure elevator car with air sterilizing and filtering functions as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: still including air disinfection mechanism, air disinfection mechanism is including reciprocal lead screw (501) of second, third dead lever (502), reciprocal lead screw (501) of air disinfection extrusion piece (503) and air disinfectant watering can (504), it is connected with reciprocal lead screw (501) of second to rotate between second support (302) and negative pressure box (102), the rigid coupling has two third dead levers (502) between second support (302) and the negative pressure box (102), two third dead levers (502) are located the left and right sides of reciprocal lead screw (501) of second respectively, air disinfection extrusion piece (503) threaded connection is in reciprocal lead screw (501) of second, air disinfection extrusion piece (503) sliding connection is in two third dead levers (502), air disinfectant watering can (504) rigid coupling is in second support (302) left surface, air disinfectant watering can (504) are used for disinfecting to the air.