CN114778629B - Clinical blood drawing detection device for medical endocrinology department - Google Patents
Clinical blood drawing detection device for medical endocrinology department Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a clinical blood drawing detection device for medical endocrinology, which comprises a sampling device; a voltage sensing device connected to the sampling device; the collecting device is connected with the voltage sensing device and used for collecting voltage measured values, and the host is connected with the collecting device and used for carrying out data analysis on the voltage measured values. According to the invention, through the replaceable sampling device, endocrine detection of different testers can be realized without sterilizing the machine; and detecting and analyzing various endocrine hormones through various types of reaction kits; and meanwhile, baseline measurement is carried out before the experiment, and the baseline value is subtracted from the measured value after the chemical reaction, so that the accuracy of hormone detection is improved. The invention effectively improves the observability and comprehensive analysis capability of endocrine system detection in the neighborhood.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a clinical blood drawing detection device for medical endocrinology.
Background
The clinical blood drawing test in endocrinology mainly examines the change of hormone level in blood, and usually includes sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone level, islet function related hormone level, adrenal function related hormone level, etc. The types of blood drawing test hormones are different due to the different gland functions. Detecting sex hormone levels can be used to understand gonadal function, whether hypofunction, hyperlactinemia, hyperandrogenism, etc. exist; detecting levels of thyroid-associated hormones may be used to help diagnose hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, etc.; detecting islet function related hormone levels and by examining blood glucose, blood insulin and C-peptide levels to understand islet function, aid in diagnosis and typing of diabetes; detecting the level of hormone related to adrenal function, such as cortisol rhythm, mineralocorticoid, epinephrine, norepinephrine, catecholamine, etc., can know whether endocrine hypertension, adrenal hypofunction, etc. exist. Endocrine is a huge regulatory system in the body that participates in physiological metabolism in the body by secreting different hormones, forming a certain related axis including hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Hormone levels can reflect gland function and help to diagnose disease.
The related technologies of long-term needle blood drawing clinical detection and endocrinology detection of the experimental team are used for browsing and researching a large number of related record data, and simultaneously depending on related resources, and performing a large number of related experiments, and the existing technologies such as US20140235971A1, US20160258935A1, JP2009195359A and CN109669042B are found through a large number of searches, and the rapid detection device for endocrinology diabetes comprises a shell and a placement seat, wherein limiting seats are fixedly connected to the upper end face and the lower end face of the shell, each limiting seat is fixedly connected with a movable plate, a fixed plate is jointly arranged between the two movable plates, a sample containing seat is mounted on the fixed plate, a T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the sample containing seat, a first T-shaped sliding groove is formed in the side wall, close to the shell, of the fixed plate, and the T-shaped block is slidably connected in the first T-shaped sliding groove; the upper surface of placing the seat has offered a plurality of second T type spouts, and every the size of second T type spout equals with the size of first T type spout, the upper surface cover of placing the seat is equipped with the transparent cover.
In order to effectively improve the defect of insufficient comprehensive analysis capability of endocrine system detection in the neighborhood, the detection machine needs to be cleaned for multiple times in the detection process to continue the detection of the next detected person, and the working efficiency is low; the comprehensive analysis of various endocrine hormones cannot be performed at the same time, and the comprehensive analysis of the endocrine system of a subject is difficult; the accuracy of the detection process cannot be guaranteed, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a clinical blood drawing detection device for medical endocrinology, which aims at overcoming the defects existing in the prior art.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a clinical blood drawing detection device for use in a medical endocrinology department, the clinical blood drawing detection device comprising: a sampling device for placing blood sampling test paper of the subject and carrying out chemical reaction on the sampling test paper; the voltage sensing device is connected with the sampling device and is used for measuring voltage values at two ends of the sampling device; the acquisition device is connected with the voltage sensing device, acquires voltage measured values and is connected with the acquisition device and carries out data analysis on the voltage measured values;
the sampling device comprises a reaction kit which is in chemical reaction with blood sampling test paper, and the reaction kit is electrically connected with the voltage sensing device through a lead; the reaction kit comprises a first chemical reagent and a second chemical reagent; the first chemical reagent contains a dissociating agent and is used for decomposing blood sample components to obtain free ions related to hormone content to be measured; the second chemical reagent contains a cationic agent and is used for combining free ions irrelevant to hormone to be measured to generate salt so as to filter out interfering ions; the reaction kit is replaceable in the sampling device;
the host comprises a converter which is connected with the acquisition device and converts the voltage measurement value into a hormone content measurement value; a memory storing a hormone content-health relationship table; a processor for analyzing whether the sample amount of the sampling test paper is enough or not according to the voltage measurement value, extracting a hormone content-health relation table in the storage, and analyzing whether the hormone content measurement value is abnormal or not; and a display for displaying the processor results.
Optionally, the voltage sensing device includes an access terminal connected with the sampling test paper, a bottom plate connected with the access terminal through a wire and provided with an electrode system, an insulating layer arranged on the bottom plate, an upper cover arranged on the insulating layer, and a voltage detection device arranged at two ends of the electrode system.
Optionally, the electrode system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the tail parts of the first electrode, the second electrode and the third electrode are connected together through wires; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value is obtained through measurement; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, a second voltage value is obtained through measurement.
Optionally, the converter converts the second voltage to a second hormone content; the processor compares the first voltage with a threshold value, and if the first voltage is smaller than the threshold value, the processor judges that the amount of the sample added by the operator is insufficient.
Optionally, the treatment process of the clinical blood drawing detection device on the hormone is as follows:
step S1: contacting blood sampling test paper of a subject with the reaction kit, so that a sample on the blood sampling test paper is subjected to chemical reaction with a first chemical reagent to obtain target ions related to hormone content to be measured;
step S2: the free ions except the target ions in step S1 are then reacted with a second chemical reagent to form a salt, so as to filter out interfering ions unrelated to the hormone to be measured;
step S3: two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value generated by target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured, and then two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second voltage value generated by the target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured;
step S4: the acquisition device acquires a first voltage value and a second voltage value and sends the first voltage value and the second voltage value to the processor and the converter respectively;
step S5: the processor compares the first voltage to a threshold value:
if the first voltage is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, judging that the amount of the sample added by the operator is insufficient, sending an alarm command to the display to prompt the operator to put enough blood sampling test paper and a new reaction kit of the subject again, and returning to the step S1;
if the first voltage is larger than the threshold value, judging that the sample amount added by the operator is proper, and executing the next step;
step S6: the converter converts the second voltage value to a second hormone content value;
step S7: the processor extracts a second hormone content value in the converter and a hormone content-health relation table in the storage for analysis to obtain health data of the tested person;
step S8: the display receives and displays health data within the processor.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. through removable sampling device, need not disinfect in order to realize different inspectors' endocrine detection to the machine, improve work efficiency.
2. Through various types of reaction kits, sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone, islet function related hormone and adrenal function related hormone are detected and analyzed at the same time, so that the comprehensive analysis capability of endocrine diseases is improved.
3. The voltage sensing device is used for detecting the solution of the blood sampling test paper of the subject, which is subjected to chemical reaction with the first chemical reagent and the second chemical reagent, so that the hormone content value is quantified, meanwhile, the baseline measurement is carried out before the experiment, and the baseline value is subtracted from the measured value after the chemical reaction, so that the accuracy of hormone detection is improved.
4. The voltage value is converted into the hormone content value through the converter, and the health analysis is carried out on the hormone content value through the processor, so that the observability of the doctor on the detection of the endocrine system of the tested person is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a clinical blood drawing detection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main unit of the clinical blood drawing detection device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electrode system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the clinical blood drawing detection device of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of data from a linear regression simulation experiment using thyroid hormone content as an independent variable and iodide-generated electricity as a dependent variable.
Description of the drawings 1-first electrode; 2-a second electrode; 3-a third electrode.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, and the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples thereof; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the following detailed description.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, this is for convenience of description and for simplification of the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the apparatus or component referred to must have a specific orientation.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment constructs an endocrinology clinical blood drawing detection device capable of detecting endocrine health conditions according to blood drawing samples;
a clinical blood drawing detection device for use in a medical endocrinology department, the clinical blood drawing detection device comprising: a sampling device for placing blood sampling test paper of the subject and carrying out chemical reaction on the sampling test paper; the voltage sensing device is connected with the sampling device and is used for measuring voltage values at two ends of the sampling device; the acquisition device is connected with the voltage sensing device, acquires voltage measured values and is connected with the acquisition device and carries out data analysis on the voltage measured values;
the sampling device comprises a reaction kit which is in chemical reaction with blood sampling test paper, and the reaction kit is electrically connected with the voltage sensing device through a lead; the reaction kit comprises a first chemical reagent and a second chemical reagent; the first chemical reagent contains a dissociating agent and is used for decomposing blood sample components to obtain free ions related to hormone content to be measured; the second chemical reagent contains a cationic agent and is used for combining free ions irrelevant to hormone to be measured to generate salt so as to filter out interfering ions; the reaction kit is replaceable in the sampling device;
the host comprises a converter which is connected with the acquisition device and converts the voltage measurement value into a hormone content measurement value; a memory storing a hormone content-health relationship table; a processor for analyzing whether the sample amount of the sampling test paper is enough or not according to the voltage measurement value, extracting a hormone content-health relation table in the storage, and analyzing whether the hormone content measurement value is abnormal or not; and a display for displaying the processor results.
The voltage sensing device comprises an access end connected with the sampling test paper, a bottom plate connected with the lead of the access end and provided with an electrode system, an insulating layer arranged on the bottom plate, an upper cover arranged on the insulating layer and a voltage detection device arranged at two ends of the electrode system.
The electrode system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the tail parts of the first electrode, the second electrode and the third electrode are connected together through leads; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value is obtained through measurement; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, a second voltage value is obtained through measurement.
The converter converts the second voltage to a second hormone content; the processor compares the first voltage with a threshold value, and if the first voltage is smaller than the threshold value, the processor judges that the amount of the sample added by the operator is insufficient.
The treatment process of the clinical blood drawing detection device on hormone is as follows:
step S1: contacting blood sampling test paper of a subject with the reaction kit, so that a sample on the blood sampling test paper is subjected to chemical reaction with a first chemical reagent to obtain target ions related to hormone content to be measured;
step S2: the free ions except the target ions in step S1 are then reacted with a second chemical reagent to form a salt, so as to filter out interfering ions unrelated to the hormone to be measured;
step S3: two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value generated by target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured, and then two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second voltage value generated by the target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured;
step S4: the acquisition device acquires a first voltage value and a second voltage value and sends the first voltage value and the second voltage value to the processor and the converter respectively;
step S5: the processor compares the first voltage to a threshold value:
if the first voltage is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, judging that the amount of the sample added by the operator is insufficient, sending an alarm command to the display to prompt the operator to put enough blood sampling test paper and a new reaction kit of the subject again, and returning to the step S1;
if the first voltage is larger than the threshold value, judging that the sample amount added by the operator is proper, and executing the next step;
step S6: the converter converts the second voltage value to a second hormone content value;
step S7: the processor extracts a second hormone content value in the converter and a hormone content-health relation table in the storage for analysis to obtain health data of the tested person;
step S8: the display receives and displays health data within the processor.
Embodiment two:
in addition to the inclusion of the above embodiments, in connection with fig. 1-5, the following are:
the hormone types detected by the clinical blood drawing detection device comprise sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone, islet function related hormone and adrenal function related hormone.
In the following, thyroid hormone is selected as an indicator of thyroid health by taking the example of detecting thyroid function, since thyroid hormone has a larger relative content and flows through the whole blood circulation by various transport proteins. An important method for quantifying the thyroid hormone content is to detect the amount of iodide ions;
the first chemical reagent comprises a dissociating agent comprising a deiodinase, a catalyst, a biomolecule, and thiosulfate thereof, wherein the deiodinase, the catalyst, and the biomolecule are adapted to break an iodine-carbon bond between iodine and thyroid hormone; the thiosulfate is used for removing elemental iodine molecules, and the elemental iodine molecules react with the thiosulfate to generate iodide and tetrasulfate, and the chemical formula is as follows:
the second chemical reagent contains a cationic agent, the cationic agent comprises a large amount of sodium ions, and the sodium ions and iodides generated by the reaction form salts, so that the iodides are prevented from being oxidized into elemental iodine molecules by oxygen in the air.
Thyroid hormone content is then quantified by measuring the electrical properties of the dissociated iodides in the sample solution.
The method comprises the steps of (1) dividing 250 test tubes into five groups into 250 test tubes simulating blood component (without thyroid hormone) solutions, respectively adding 0.5ml, 1ml, 2ml, 3ml and 4ml of thyroid hormone, placing the solution in the test tubes on blood sampling test paper, carrying out chemical reaction with the first chemical reagent and the second chemical reagent to obtain target ions, and measuring a voltage value generated by the target ions by using a voltage detection device; taking the thyroid hormone content as an abscissa and the voltage value generated by the target ion as an ordinate, and performing linear fitting to obtain a unitary linear fitting curve; according to the unitary linear fitting curve, a regression equation between the thyroid hormone content y and the voltage value x generated by the target ion is obtained:
y＝100.43x+31.62
but the method also involves other confounding ions in the blood, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Baseline measurements were thus performed prior to the experiment and baseline voltage values were subtracted from the values measured after the chemical reaction.
Baseline measurement is to use experiments to remove iodide in a sample solution, measure the voltage of the sample solution without iodide, and output a baseline voltage value.
Embodiment III:
in addition to the inclusion of the above embodiments, in connection with fig. 1-5, the following are:
the clinical blood sampling detection device comprises a sampling device for placing blood sampling test paper of a subject and carrying out chemical reaction on the sampling test paper; the voltage sensing device is connected with the sampling device and is used for measuring voltage values at two ends of the sampling device; the acquisition device is connected with the voltage sensing device, acquires voltage measured values and is connected with the acquisition device and carries out data analysis on the voltage measured values;
the hormone types detected by the clinical blood drawing detection device comprise sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone, islet function related hormone and adrenal function related hormone;
the sampling device comprises a reaction kit which is in chemical reaction with blood sampling test paper, and a connecting wire which is used for connecting the reaction kit and the voltage sensing device;
the reaction kit comprises a thyroid gland function kit, a sex hormone kit, an islet function kit and an adrenal gland function kit; the thyroid gland function kit, the sex hormone kit, the islet function kit and the adrenal gland function kit are different in first chemical reagent and second chemical reagent.
Sex hormone content y 2 Away from the targetVoltage value x of sub-generation 2 Regression equations between; insulin y 3 Voltage value x generated with target ion 3 Regression equations between; adrenal content y 4 Voltage value x generated with target ion 4 The regression equation between the two can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through limited experiments, and linear fitting is performed according to the method of the second embodiment to obtain a unitary linear fitting curve, and the second regression equation, the third regression equation and the fourth regression equation are obtained according to the unitary linear fitting curve.
And the processor comprehensively analyzes the measured data of sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone, islet function related hormone and adrenal function related hormone according to the regression equation obtained by the experiment so as to obtain comprehensive health data of the testee.
According to the invention, through the replaceable sampling device, endocrine detection of different testers can be realized without sterilizing the machine; detecting and analyzing sex hormone, thyroid function related hormone, islet function related hormone and adrenal function related hormone through various reaction kits; the solution of the blood sampling test paper of the tested person, the first chemical reagent and the second chemical reagent are subjected to chemical reaction through a voltage sensing device, so that hormone is quantified; and meanwhile, baseline measurement is carried out before the experiment, and the baseline value is subtracted from the measured value after the chemical reaction, so that the accuracy of hormone detection is improved. The invention effectively improves the observability and comprehensive analysis capability of endocrine system detection in the neighborhood.
While the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the methods, systems and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may omit, replace, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, in alternative configurations, the methods may be performed in a different order than described, and/or various components may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, such as different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, as the technology evolves, elements therein may be updated, i.e., many of the elements are examples, and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or the claims.
Specific details are given in the description to provide a thorough understanding of exemplary configurations involving implementations. However, the configuration may be practiced without these specific details, e.g., well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the configuration. This description provides only an example configuration and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configuration will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is intended that it be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting. Various changes and modifications to the present invention may be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings herein, and such equivalent changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A clinical blood drawing detection device for use in a medical endocrinology department, the clinical blood drawing detection device comprising: a sampling device for placing blood sampling test paper of the subject and carrying out chemical reaction on the sampling test paper; the voltage sensing device is connected with the sampling device and is used for measuring voltage values at two ends of the sampling device; the acquisition device is connected with the voltage sensing device, acquires voltage measured values and is connected with the acquisition device and carries out data analysis on the voltage measured values;
the sampling device comprises a reaction kit which is in chemical reaction with blood sampling test paper, and the reaction kit is electrically connected with the voltage sensing device through a lead; the reaction kit comprises a first chemical reagent and a second chemical reagent; the first chemical reagent contains a dissociating agent and is used for decomposing blood sample components to obtain free ions related to hormone content to be measured; the reaction kit is replaceable in the sampling device;
the host comprises a converter which is connected with the acquisition device and converts the voltage measurement value into a hormone content measurement value; a memory storing a hormone content-health relationship table; a processor for analyzing whether the sample amount of the sampling test paper is enough or not according to the voltage measurement value, extracting a hormone content-health relation table in the storage, and analyzing whether the hormone content measurement value is abnormal or not; a display for displaying the processor results;
the voltage sensing device comprises an access end connected with the sampling test paper, a bottom plate connected with an access end wire and provided with an electrode system, an insulating layer arranged on the bottom plate, an upper cover arranged on the insulating layer and a voltage detection device arranged at two ends of the electrode system;
the electrode system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the tail parts of the first electrode, the second electrode and the third electrode are connected together through leads; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value is obtained through measurement; when two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, a second voltage value is obtained through measurement;
the converter converts the second voltage to a second hormone content; the processor compares the first voltage with a threshold value, and if the first voltage is smaller than the threshold value, the processor judges that the amount of the sample added by an operator is insufficient;
the treatment process of the clinical blood drawing detection device on hormone is as follows:
step S1: contacting blood sampling test paper of a subject with the reaction kit, so that a sample on the blood sampling test paper is subjected to chemical reaction with a first chemical reagent to obtain target ions related to hormone content to be measured;
step S2: the target ions in step S1 then react with a second chemical reagent to form a salt;
step S3: two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the third electrode, a first voltage value generated by target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured, and then two ends of the voltage detection device are respectively arranged on the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second voltage value generated by the target ions in the solution in the step S2 is measured;
step S4: the acquisition device acquires a first voltage value and a second voltage value and sends the first voltage value and the second voltage value to the processor and the converter respectively;
step S5: the processor compares the first voltage to a threshold value:
if the first voltage is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, judging that the amount of the sample added by the operator is insufficient, sending an alarm command to the display to prompt the operator to put enough blood sampling test paper and a new reaction kit of the subject again, and returning to the step S1;
if the first voltage is larger than the threshold value, judging that the sample amount added by the operator is proper, and executing the next step;
step S6: the converter converts the second voltage value to a second hormone content value;
step S7: the processor extracts a second hormone content value in the converter and a hormone content-health relation table in the storage for analysis to obtain health data of the tested person;
step S8: the display receives and displays health data in the processor;
the hormone type detected by the clinical blood drawing detection device comprises thyroid function related hormone, the first chemical reagent contains a dissociating agent, and the dissociating agent comprises deiodinase, a catalyst and thiosulfate, wherein the deiodinase and the catalyst are suitable for breaking an iodine-carbon bond between iodine and thyroid hormone; the thiosulfate is used for removing elemental iodine molecules, and the elemental iodine molecules react with the thiosulfate to generate iodide and tetrasulfate, and the chemical formula is as follows:
；
the second chemical reagent contains a cationic agent, wherein the cationic agent comprises a large amount of sodium ions, and the sodium ions and iodides generated by the reaction generate salts, so that the iodides are prevented from being oxidized into elemental iodine molecules by oxygen in the air; then quantifying the thyroid hormone content by measuring the electrical properties of the dissociated iodides in the sample solution;
250 test tubes of simulated blood component solution without thyroid hormone are divided into five groups, 0.5ml, 1ml, 2ml, 3ml and 4ml of thyroid hormone are respectively added, the solution in the test tubes is placed on blood sampling test paper, and the test paper is subjected to chemical reaction with the first chemical reagent and the second chemical reagent to obtain target ions, and a voltage value generated by the target ions is measured by using a voltage detection device; taking the thyroid hormone content as an abscissa and the voltage value generated by the target ion as an ordinate, and performing linear fitting to obtain a unitary linear fitting curve; according to the unitary linear fitting curve, a regression equation between the thyroid hormone content y and the voltage value x generated by the target ion is obtained:
y＝100.43x+31.62；
baseline measurements were taken prior to the experiment and baseline voltage values were subtracted from the values measured after the chemical reaction;
baseline measurement is to use experiments to remove iodide in a sample solution, measure the voltage of the sample solution without iodide, and output a baseline voltage value.
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