CN114777650B - Method for laying and measuring primary control network for tunnel collimation of particle accelerator - Google Patents
Method for laying and measuring primary control network for tunnel collimation of particle accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114777650B CN114777650B CN202210460079.0A CN202210460079A CN114777650B CN 114777650 B CN114777650 B CN 114777650B CN 202210460079 A CN202210460079 A CN 202210460079A CN 114777650 B CN114777650 B CN 114777650B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for laying a collimation primary control network of a tunnel of a particle accelerator and a measuring method, wherein the laying method comprises the steps of laying a collimation primary control network reference column, laying a collimation primary control network communication measuring platform and centering and laying a collimation primary control network measuring instrument, the collimation primary control network reference column adopts a reference column inner cylinder and a protective outer cylinder to be buried in a tunnel inner basement rock layer and a slightly weathered layer, a waterproof filling layer is arranged, the collimation primary control network communication measuring platform adopts a communication hole and a measuring platform to form a measuring platform, and the centering and laying of the collimation primary control network measuring instrument comprises the steps of laying a laser tracker measuring target ball and horizontally erecting the laser tracker. The measuring method comprises the steps of directly measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the base of the primary control network in the tunnel through a horizontally-erected laser tracker, and completing combined measurement and adjustment of the primary control network on the ground of the particle accelerator. The invention increases the reliability and safety of the measurement of the collimation primary control network and improves the measurement precision of the collimation primary control network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of collimation measurement of particle accelerators, in particular to a method for laying a tunnel collimation primary control network of a particle accelerator and a measurement method.
Background
The collimation control network is a reference basis for large particle accelerator element installation and operation monitoring, and the collimation control network is developed by taking the collimation control network as a reference basis no matter the collimation installation of an early-stage accelerator element or the deformation monitoring in the later-stage accelerator operation maintenance. The collimation first-stage control network is a calculation basis of the data of the next-stage collimation control network, can limit the transmission and accumulation of the measurement error of the next-stage collimation control network, and can be used as a permanent reference to monitor the long-term deformation of the next-stage collimation control network. Therefore, the collimating first-stage control network plays an important role in the construction and operation of the particle accelerator.
The traditional primary control network for particle accelerator collimation is arranged in a mode of drilling holes on the ground of a particle accelerator installation area according to a designed position at the initial stage of particle accelerator civil engineering and then burying by using a reinforced concrete structure. Because of the limitation of using a reinforced concrete structure, the primary control network points which are poured are relatively thick and heavy pile foundations, the self weight is relatively large, and the crack resistance of the reinforced concrete structure is poor, so that the stability of the primary control network is influenced. Because of radiation protection, large and medium particle accelerators are mostly built in underground tunnels, and the effect of preventing the infiltration of underground water by the traditional one-level control mesh point arrangement method is not ideal for areas with shallow underground water. For the measurement of the primary control network in the tunnel, a traditional method is to perform forced centering on a dedicated projection instrument such as a multi-purpose zenith instrument and then use a GPS (Global Positioning System) for static measurement, because the error of the forced centering of the projection and the measurement accuracy of the GPS are limited, the measurement accuracy of the primary control network for collimation is often not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for laying a tunnel collimation primary control network of a particle accelerator and a measuring method, which aim to solve the problem that the stability, the protection performance and the measuring precision of the laid collimation primary control network in the prior art are poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for laying a tunnel collimation primary control network of a particle accelerator comprises the following steps:
according to control screen setting points, excavating a foundation stratum pile hole on the foundation ground in a particle accelerator tunnel, deeply burying a reference column inner cylinder in the foundation stratum pile hole at a position below a plurality of meters of the foundation stratum, and filling impermeable concrete in the reference column inner cylinder;
installing a protective outer cylinder embedded at a junction layer of the foundation layer and the micro-weathered layer in the pile hole of the foundation layer, and coaxially sleeving the protective outer cylinder on the outer side of the inner cylinder of the reference column;
waterproof filling layers are respectively arranged between the reference column inner cylinder and the protective outer cylinder and between the protective outer cylinder and the foundation layer pile hole, so that the arrangement of the reference column of the collimation primary control network is completed;
arranging a through-viewing hole coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder at the top of the particle accelerator tunnel, and erecting and pouring a measuring platform around the through-viewing hole to enable the platform base surface of the measuring platform to be higher than the top end of the through-viewing hole, performing radiation protection setting on the top end of the through-viewing hole, performing dustproof and waterproof setting on the platform base surface of the measuring platform, and completing the arrangement of the collimating first-level control network through-viewing measuring platform;
a measuring base is buried at the top end of the reference column inner cylinder, a laser tracker measuring target ball is arranged on the measuring base, and the laser tracker is horizontally erected on a measuring platform above the sight through hole to complete centering arrangement of the collimation first-level control network measuring instrument.
Further, the embedding method of the reference column inner barrel comprises the following steps: selecting a reference column inner cylinder with adaptive length according to the depth of a foundation stratum of a control screen cloth set point, pre-opening concave holes at intervals on the periphery of the bottom end of the reference column inner cylinder, embedding the reference column inner cylinder in the foundation stratum along a foundation stratum pile hole, enabling the top of the reference column inner cylinder to be lower than the ground of a foundation, pouring impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder until the impermeable concrete overflows through the concave holes at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder, and forming a base combined with the hole wall of the foundation stratum pile hole at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder to fix the reference column inner cylinder.
Further, the embedding method of the protection outer cylinder comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking a foundation base at the bottom of a reference column inner cylinder as a base plane, burying a protection outer cylinder underground, enabling the bottom of the protection outer cylinder to be supported on the foundation base, enabling the top of the protection outer cylinder to be flush with the foundation ground, pouring impermeable concrete between the protection outer cylinder and a foundation layer pile hole, and fixing the protection outer cylinder.
Furthermore, the waterproof filling layer comprises a hemp thread caulking joint and waterproof glue film filling layer which are used between the reference column inner cylinder and the protective outer cylinder and are close to the top, and a sodium bentonite filling layer which is continuously filled on the impermeable concrete between the protective outer cylinder and the foundation layer pile hole.
Furthermore, in the process of pouring the impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder, the impermeable concrete is poured to be close to the top of the reference column inner cylinder, a measuring base is buried in the impermeable concrete at the center of the top of the reference column inner cylinder, the measuring base is used for placing a laser tracker measuring target ball during the measurement of the collimation primary control network, and the measuring base is located on the central axis of the reference column inner cylinder.
Further, before the alignment of the collimation primary control network measuring instrument, a reference protective cover is arranged at the top end of the protective outer cylinder, so that the reference protective cover is flush with the ground of the foundation, and sealing treatment is carried out between the reference protective cover and the top end of the protective outer cylinder;
wherein, the mode that basic protective cover and basic ground flush includes: an inner wire structure is arranged on the inner edge of the top of the protective outer cylinder, and an outer wire structure assembled with the inner wire is arranged on the periphery of the reference protective cover;
the sealing mode of the reference protective cover and the protective outer cylinder comprises the following steps: a groove is formed in the bottom side of the internal thread structure on the inner wall of the protective outer cylinder, a rubber sealing ring is assembled in the groove, a reference protective cover and the protective outer cylinder are assembled, and the rubber sealing ring is extruded through the reference protective cover to complete sealing.
Further, before the reference protective cover is assembled, the reference protective cover is subjected to structural pretreatment, and the structural pretreatment of the reference protective cover comprises the steps that a handle capable of being opened and closed by 90 degrees is arranged on the top surface of the reference protective cover, and a caulking groove for enabling the handle to rotate in by 90 degrees and be hidden is arranged on the top surface of the reference protective cover.
Further, the manufacturing method of the through hole comprises the following steps: according to the plane position coordinates of the collimation primary control network, holes are prefabricated in the top of a tunnel of the particle accelerator, seamless steel pipes are arranged and placed in the prefabricated holes for fixation, and through holes coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder are formed by pipe cavities of the seamless steel pipes, wherein supports of bolts connected with waterproof steel plates on the top surface of the tunnel of the particle accelerator through the bolts are welded in advance on the outer sides of the seamless steel pipes, and in the manufacturing process of the through holes, the height and the verticality of the seamless steel pipes are adjusted through the bolts on the supports until the through holes are coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder.
Further, the formwork erecting and pouring method of the measuring platform comprises the following steps: after the height and the verticality of the through hole are determined, a measuring platform is poured around the through hole by a mold until the measuring platform is solidified into a square shape, so that the height of the measuring platform is higher than the backfill ground at the top of the tunnel of the particle accelerator;
the radiation protection setting on through-vision hole top includes: in the process of erecting and pouring the measuring platform, a prefabricated hole is formed in the middle of the measuring platform by taking the axis of the through hole as a reference, and a polyethylene protective cover is assembled in the prefabricated hole after the platform to be measured is completely solidified and molded, so that the polyethylene protective cover seals the top end of the through hole;
the dustproof and waterproof method for the measuring platform comprises the following steps: after the polyethylene protective cover is assembled, a protective cover is covered on a platform base surface of the measuring platform, and a safety lock structure is arranged between the protective cover and the measuring platform.
Based on the method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator, the invention also provides a measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of finishing the arrangement of a collimation primary control network in a tunnel of the particle accelerator, arranging a laser tracker measurement target ball on a measurement base at the top end of an inner cylinder of a reference column, and horizontally erecting the laser tracker on a measurement platform above a through hole;
starting a laser tracker, aiming a laser tracker on a measuring base of a collimation primary control network in a tunnel by using self laser to measure a target ball, and adjusting the laser tracker to a proper position;
the method comprises the following steps of directly measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of a measuring base of a primary collimation control network in a tunnel and the three-dimensional coordinate of a ground transfer station arranged outside the tunnel of the particle accelerator by using a laser tracker through a through hole, and establishing a link with primary collimation control network points in other tunnels, primary collimation control network points outside the tunnel and other temporary points led out from the inside of the tunnel by using an outdoor long-distance measuring mode of the laser tracker;
after all the collimated primary control network points inside and outside the tunnel are measured, the uniform space metering network function of SA measurement software is used for carrying out adjustment processing on all the collimated primary control network measurement data, and the adjusted collimated primary control network data is used for constructing a global coordinate system for the collimation installation of the particle accelerator;
after the combined measurement with a collimation secondary control network arranged in a tunnel is finished, giving three-dimensional coordinate data to the collimation secondary control network by taking a three-dimensional coordinate measured by the collimation primary control network as a reference;
during the installation and alignment work of the particle accelerator element, the measuring instrument is positioned in a global coordinate system for the alignment installation of the particle accelerator according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collimation secondary control network in the tunnel, and then the installation and alignment work of the particle accelerator element is completed according to the relative position coordinate and the angle of the installation element relative to the global coordinate system.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the collimating primary control network reference column adopts a double-cylinder structure of a reference column inner cylinder and a protective outer cylinder, the reference column inner cylinder is deeply buried below three meters of a foundation layer, impermeable concrete is filled, and the protective outer cylinder is buried at a junction of the foundation layer and a slightly weathered part;
2. according to the invention, as the waterproof filling layers are arranged between the reference column inner cylinder and the protective outer cylinder and between the protective outer cylinder and the foundation layer pile hole, for a particle accelerator constructed in a shallow underground water area, underground water can be prevented from infiltrating into an accelerator tunnel, meanwhile, the top of the tunnel in the axial direction of the reference column of the collimation primary control network is provided with the through hole, and the measurement platform is arranged on the ground at the top of the through hole, and the radiation protection setting of the through hole and the dustproof and waterproof setting of the measurement platform are utilized, so that the measurement reliability and the use safety of the collimation primary control network are improved;
3. according to the invention, the laser tracker is horizontally erected on the measuring platform above the through-view hole, the laser tracker is used for directly measuring the primary control network base in the tunnel through the through-view hole, the link that a special pointing instrument is used for forced centering in the traditional collimation primary control network measurement is eliminated, the centering error is eliminated, the problem of low measurement precision by using a GPS is solved by a direct measurement mode of a high-precision measuring instrument, and the measurement precision of the collimation primary control network is greatly improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like parts are designated with like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of arrangement of primary control network reference columns of a method for arranging a primary control network for tunnel collimation of a particle accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of arrangement of a collimating primary control network visibility measurement platform in a method for arranging a collimating primary control network of a particle accelerator tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of horizontal erection and centering of a laser tracker in a measurement process of a primary control network for collimation in a method for laying a primary control network for tunnel collimation of a particle accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference symbols in the drawings denote the following:
1. a foundation layer pile hole; 11. a sodium bentonite filling layer; 2. a reference column inner cylinder; 21. a base; 22. a measurement base; 3. a protective outer cylinder; 31. caulking with hemp thread and filling with waterproof glue film; 32. a reference protective cover; 4. a through hole; 41. a support; 42. a polyethylene protective cover; 5. a measuring platform; 51. a protective cover; 6. measuring a target ball by a laser tracker; 7. laser tracker.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The problem that the stability, the protection performance and the measurement accuracy of a collimation primary control network arranged in the prior art are poor is solved. According to the invention, the collimating primary control network reference column formed by the reference column inner cylinder and the protective outer cylinder and the collimating primary control network through measurement platform formed by the through holes and the measurement platform are respectively arranged, so that compared with the traditional collimating primary control network reference column, the dead weight is reduced, the crack resistance is enhanced, the measurement reliability and the use safety of the collimating primary control network are improved, the problem of low measurement precision of a GPS is effectively solved, and the measurement precision of the collimating primary control network is greatly improved.
The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for laying a primary control network for tunnel collimation of a particle accelerator, including:
according to the control screen setting point, a foundation layer pile hole 1 is excavated on the foundation ground in the particle accelerator tunnel, a reference column inner cylinder 2 is deeply buried in the foundation layer pile hole 1 at a position below three meters of the foundation layer, and impermeable concrete is filled in the reference column inner cylinder 2. The embedding method of the reference column inner cylinder 2 comprises the following steps: selecting a reference column inner cylinder 2 with an adaptive length according to the depth of the bedrock layer of the control mesh setting point, pre-opening concave holes at intervals on the periphery of the bottom end of the reference column inner cylinder 2, embedding the reference column inner cylinder 2 in the bedrock layer along the bedrock layer pile hole 1, and enabling the top of the reference column inner cylinder 2 to be lower than the foundation ground, preferably lower than about 20mm of the foundation ground. And pouring impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder 2 until the impermeable concrete overflows through a concave hole at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder 2, and forming a base 21 combined with the hole wall of the foundation layer pile hole 1 at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder 2 so as to fix the reference column inner cylinder 2. Preferably, the reference column inner cylinder 2 is made of DN250 stainless steel pipe, and can prevent rust and corrosion.
And a protective outer cylinder 3 buried in a junction layer of the foundation layer and the micro weathering layer is arranged in the pile hole 1 of the foundation layer, and the protective outer cylinder 3 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the reference column inner cylinder 2. The embedding method of the protection outer cylinder 3 comprises the following steps: the base 21 at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder 2 is used as a base plane, the protection outer cylinder 3 is buried, the bottom of the protection outer cylinder 3 is supported on the base 21, and the top of the protection outer cylinder 3 is flush with the ground of the base. And pouring impermeable concrete between the protective outer cylinder 3 and the foundation layer pile hole 1 to fix the protective outer cylinder 3. Wherein, before protection urceolus 3 is buried underground, carry out the structure preliminary treatment to reference column inner tube 2, the structure preliminary treatment of reference column inner tube 2 includes between reference column inner tube 2 and protection urceolus 3, is equipped with the spacing steel sheet of welding at reference column inner tube 2 outer wall for adjust the axiality of reference column inner tube 2 and protection urceolus 3. Preferably, the protection outer cylinder 3 is made of stainless steel tubing DN 300.
As described above, in the process of building the particle accelerator, after the tunnel of the particle accelerator is excavated, the drilling machine is used for drilling holes at the design position of the first-level collimation control network according to the geological survey data. The drilling depth is less than three meters of the bedrock stratum, after silt and broken stones in the holes are cleaned, the reference column inner cylinder 2 and the protection outer cylinder 3 of the collimation primary control net reference column are respectively arranged in the particle accelerator tunnel according to the position of the bedrock stratum pile hole 1 as shown in figure 1. In fig. 1, a represents a bedrock layer, B represents a slightly weathered rock layer, and C represents a particle accelerator installation base.
And a waterproof filling layer is respectively arranged between the reference column inner cylinder 2 and the protective outer cylinder 3 and between the protective outer cylinder 3 and the foundation layer pile hole 1, so that the arrangement of the collimation primary control network reference column is completed. The waterproof filling layer comprises a hemp thread caulking and waterproof glue film filling layer 31 used at a position close to the top between the reference column inner cylinder 2 and the protective outer cylinder 3, and a sodium bentonite filling layer 11 continuously filled on the impermeable concrete between the protective outer cylinder 3 and the foundation layer pile hole 1. Sodium bentonite with a preferred filling thickness of about 500 mm.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, a through-view hole 4 coaxial with a reference column inner cylinder 2 is formed in the top of a particle accelerator tunnel, a measuring platform 5 is built around the through-view hole 4, a platform base plane of the measuring platform 5 is higher than the top end of the through-view hole 4, radiation protection is performed on the top end of the through-view hole 4, dustproof and waterproof setting is performed on the platform base plane of the measuring platform 5, and arrangement of the collimation primary control network through-view measuring platform is completed.
The manufacturing method of the through hole 4 comprises the following steps: according to the plane position coordinate of the collimation primary control network, holes are prefabricated in the top of the tunnel of the particle accelerator, seamless steel pipes are arranged and placed in the prefabricated holes for fixation, and a through hole 4 which is coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder 2 is formed by pipe cavities of the seamless steel pipes. Wherein, the support 41 of the bolt that passes through the bolt with the waterproof steel sheet of particle accelerator tunnel top surface has been welded in advance in the outside of seamless steel pipe, in the manufacturing process of through-hole 4, adjusts the height and the straightness that hangs down of seamless steel pipe through the bolt on support 41 until through-hole 4 is coaxial with benchmark post inner tube 2. Preferably, the diameter of the prefabricated hole is 400mm, and the through-hole 4 is formed by a seamless steel pipe with the inner diameter of 350 mm.
Further, the mold erecting and pouring method of the measuring platform 5 comprises the following steps: after the height and the verticality of the through-vision hole 4 are determined, a measuring platform 5 is built around the through-vision hole 4 until the measuring platform is solidified into a square, so that the height of the measuring platform 5 is higher than the backfill ground at the top of the tunnel of the particle accelerator and preferably higher than the elevation of the backfill ground by 600mm;
the radiation protection setting on 4 tops in through-view hole includes: in the process of erecting and pouring the measuring platform 5, the middle part of the measuring platform 5 is provided with a prefabricated hole by taking the axis of the through-view hole 4 as a reference, and preferably, the diameter of the prefabricated hole is 450mm. And after the platform 5 to be measured is completely solidified and molded, assembling a polyethylene protective cover 42 in the prefabricated hole, so that the polyethylene protective cover 42 seals the top end of the through hole 4. The polyethylene protective cover 42 is made of polyethylene, is cylindrical, and has a diameter 5mm smaller than that of a preformed hole arranged in the middle of the measuring platform 5, and the thickness is determined according to the dose generated by the particle accelerator at the position, wherein the radiation dose is small and thin, and the radiation dose is large and thick.
The dustproof and waterproof method of the measuring platform 5 comprises the following steps: after the polyethylene protective cover 4 is assembled, the protective cover 51 is covered on the platform base surface of the measuring platform 5, and a safety lock structure is arranged between the protective cover 51 and the measuring platform 5. Preferably, the protection cover 51 is formed by welding stainless steel plates with the thickness of 4mm, the protection cover is square box-shaped, the length and width are 1020mm, the height is 100mm, a rubber layer with the thickness of 5mm is arranged on the inner surface of the protection cover 51, and after the protection cover 51 is covered, the rubber layer is tightly combined with the measuring platform 5, so that the dustproof effect is achieved.
As described above, the measurement base 22 is buried in the top end of the reference column inner cylinder 2, the laser tracker measurement target ball 6 is arranged on the measurement base 22, and the laser tracker 7 is horizontally arranged on the measurement platform 5 above the sight hole 4, thereby completing the centering arrangement of the collimation first-level control network measurement instrument.
Further, the arrangement method of the laser tracker measurement target ball 6 includes: in the process of pouring the impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder 2, the impermeable concrete is poured to be close to the top of the reference column inner cylinder 2, a measuring base 22 is embedded in the impermeable concrete at the center of the top of the reference column inner cylinder 2, and the measuring base 22 is used for placing a laser tracker measuring target ball 6 during the measurement of the collimation primary control network. Wherein, the measuring base 22 is positioned on the central axis of the reference column inner cylinder 2.
One preferred embodiment is: before the alignment of the collimation primary control network measuring instrument, a reference protective cover 32 is arranged at the top end of the protective outer cylinder 3, so that the reference protective cover 32 is flush with the ground of a foundation, and sealing treatment is carried out between the reference protective cover 32 and the top end of the protective outer cylinder 3.
The manner in which the reference protecting cover 32 is flush with the underlying floor includes: an inner wire structure is arranged on the inner edge of the top of the protective outer cylinder 3, and an outer wire structure assembled with the inner wire is arranged on the periphery of the reference protective cover 32;
the sealing method between the reference protecting cover 32 and the protecting outer cylinder 3 comprises the following steps: a groove is formed in the bottom side of the internal thread structure on the inner wall of the protective outer cylinder 3, a rubber sealing ring is assembled in the groove, a reference protective cover 32 and the protective outer cylinder 3 are assembled, and the rubber sealing ring is extruded through the reference protective cover 32 to complete sealing.
One preferred embodiment is: before the reference protecting cover 32 is assembled, the reference protecting cover 32 is subjected to structural pretreatment, and the structural pretreatment of the reference protecting cover 32 comprises the steps of arranging a handle capable of being opened and closed by 90 degrees on the top surface of the reference protecting cover 32 and arranging a caulking groove for the handle to be turned into and hidden by 90 degrees on the top surface of the reference protecting cover 32.
The collimating primary control network reference column adopts a double-cylinder structure of the reference column inner cylinder 2 and the protective outer cylinder 3, the reference column inner cylinder 2 is deeply buried below three meters of a foundation layer, impermeable concrete is filled, and the protective outer cylinder 3 is buried at the junction of the foundation layer and the slightly weathered part, so that compared with the traditional collimating primary control network reference column, the self weight is reduced, the crack resistance is enhanced, and the influence of external forces such as foundation expansion and contraction due to heat, vibration and the like on the inner cylinder reference can be prevented due to the arrangement of the protective outer cylinder 3; as the waterproof filling layers are arranged between the reference column inner cylinder 2 and the protective outer cylinder 3 and between the protective outer cylinder 3 and the foundation layer pile hole 1, for a particle accelerator built in a shallow underground water area, underground water can be prevented from infiltrating into an accelerator tunnel, meanwhile, a through hole 4 is arranged at the top of the tunnel in the axis direction of the reference column of the collimation primary control network, and the measurement reliability and the use safety of the collimation primary control network are improved by arranging a measurement platform 5 on the ground at the top of the through hole 4 and utilizing the radiation protection arrangement of the through hole 4 and the dustproof and waterproof arrangement of the measurement platform 5; the invention also horizontally arranges the laser tracker 7 on the measuring platform 5 above the through-hole 4, and uses the laser tracker to directly measure the primary control network base in the tunnel through the through-hole 4, thereby removing the forced centering link of the special pointing instrument used in the traditional collimation primary control network measurement, eliminating the centering error, solving the problem of low measurement precision by using a GPS (global positioning system) and greatly improving the measurement precision of the collimation primary control network by using a direct measurement mode of a high-precision measuring instrument.
Example 2
Based on the method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator in embodiment 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, completing the arrangement of a primary collimation control network in a tunnel of a particle accelerator, arranging a laser tracker measuring target ball 6 on a measuring base 22 at the top end of an inner cylinder 2 of a reference column, and horizontally erecting a laser tracker 7 on a measuring platform 5 above a through hole 4;
s2, starting the laser tracker 7, aiming the laser tracker on the measuring base 22 of the collimation primary control network in the tunnel by using the laser of the laser tracker to measure the target ball 6, and adjusting the laser tracker 7 to a proper position;
s3, a laser tracker 7 is used for directly measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of a measuring base 22 of the primary collimation control network in the tunnel and the three-dimensional coordinate of a ground transfer station arranged outside the tunnel of the particle accelerator through a through hole 4, and the outdoor long-distance measuring mode of the laser tracker 7 is used for establishing connection with other primary collimation control network points in the tunnel, primary collimation control network points outside the tunnel and other temporary points led out from the tunnel in a station transferring mode;
s4, after all the collimation primary control network points in the tunnel and outside the tunnel are measured, using a unified space metering network function of SA measurement software to perform adjustment processing on all the collimation primary control network measurement data, and using the adjusted collimation primary control network data to construct a global coordinate system for collimating and installing the particle accelerator;
s5, after the combined measurement with a collimation secondary control network arranged in the tunnel is completed, giving three-dimensional coordinate data to the collimation secondary control network by taking the three-dimensional coordinate measured by the collimation primary control network as a reference;
s6, in the installation and collimation work of the particle accelerator element, the measuring instrument is positioned in a global coordinate system for the collimation installation of the particle accelerator according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collimation secondary control network in the tunnel, and then the installation and collimation work of the particle accelerator element is completed according to the relative position coordinate and the angle of the installation element relative to the global coordinate system.
In step S1, the laser tracker is arranged in the following manner: opening a safety lock structure between the protective cover 51 and the measuring platform 5 in the collimation primary control network, sequentially uncovering the protective cover 51 and the polyethylene protective cover 4, and horizontally erecting the laser tracker 7 on the measuring platform 5 above the sight hole 4 by a worker outside the tunnel; in addition, the staff in the tunnel opens the reference protective cover 32 through the handle on the reference protective cover 32, and places the laser tracker measurement target ball 6 on the measurement base 22.
As described above, the method directly measures the primary control network base in the tunnel through the through hole 4 by using the laser tracker, removes the link of forced centering of the traditional collimation primary control network by using a special point-of-sight instrument, eliminates centering errors, solves the problem of low measurement precision by using a GPS (global positioning system) in a direct measurement mode of a high-precision measurement instrument, greatly improves the measurement precision of the collimation primary control network, is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for the technical field of collimation measurement of the particle accelerator.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for laying a tunnel collimation primary control network of a particle accelerator comprises the following steps:
according to the control screen setting point, excavating a foundation layer pile hole on the foundation ground in the particle accelerator tunnel, deeply burying a reference column inner cylinder in the foundation layer pile hole at a position below a plurality of meters of the foundation layer, and filling impermeable concrete in the reference column inner cylinder;
installing a protective outer cylinder embedded in a junction layer of a foundation layer and a micro-weathering layer in a pile hole of the foundation layer, and coaxially sleeving the protective outer cylinder on the outer side of the reference column inner cylinder;
waterproof filling layers are respectively arranged between the reference column inner cylinder and the protective outer cylinder and between the protective outer cylinder and a foundation layer pile hole, so that the arrangement of the collimation primary control network reference column is completed;
arranging a through-vision hole coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder at the top of the particle accelerator tunnel, erecting a mold around the through-vision hole, pouring a measuring platform, enabling the platform base surface of the measuring platform to be higher than the top end of the through-vision hole, performing radiation protection setting on the top end of the through-vision hole, performing dustproof and waterproof setting on the platform base surface of the measuring platform, and completing the arrangement of the collimating first-level control network through-vision measuring platform;
the method comprises the following steps that a measuring base is buried at the top end of an inner cylinder of a reference column, a laser tracker is arranged on the measuring base to measure target balls, the laser tracker is horizontally erected on a measuring platform above a through-view hole to complete the centering arrangement of a collimation primary control network measuring instrument, the laser tracker is utilized to directly measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring base of the collimation primary control network through the through-view hole, the measurement of all collimation primary control network points in a tunnel and outside the tunnel is completed, and the adjustment processing is carried out on the measurement data of all the collimation primary control network to construct a global coordinate system for the collimation installation of the particle accelerator;
based on the combined measurement of the collimation secondary control network in the tunnel, the three-dimensional coordinate measured by the collimation primary control network is taken as a reference, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collimation secondary control network is given, and the installation, collimation and arrangement of the particle accelerator elements are completed according to the relative position coordinate and the angle of the installation elements relative to the global coordinate system.
2. The method for laying the primary control net for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator as recited in claim 1, wherein the embedding method of the inner cylinder of the reference column comprises: selecting a reference column inner cylinder with adaptive length according to the depth of a foundation stratum of a control screen cloth set point, pre-opening concave holes at intervals on the periphery of the bottom end of the reference column inner cylinder, embedding the reference column inner cylinder in the foundation stratum along a foundation stratum pile hole, enabling the top of the reference column inner cylinder to be lower than the ground of a foundation, pouring impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder until the impermeable concrete overflows through the concave holes at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder, and forming a base combined with the hole wall of the foundation stratum pile hole at the bottom of the reference column inner cylinder to fix the reference column inner cylinder.
3. The method for laying the primary control net for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the embedding method of the protective outer cylinder comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking a foundation base at the bottom of a reference column inner cylinder as a base plane, burying a protection outer cylinder underground, enabling the bottom of the protection outer cylinder to be supported on the foundation base, enabling the top of the protection outer cylinder to be flush with the foundation ground, pouring impermeable concrete between the protection outer cylinder and a foundation layer pile hole, and fixing the protection outer cylinder.
4. The method for laying the primary control net for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the waterproof filling layer comprises a hemp caulking and waterproof glue film filling layer used between the reference column inner cylinder and the protection outer cylinder and near the top, and a sodium bentonite filling layer continuously filled on the impermeable concrete between the protection outer cylinder and the foundation layer pile hole.
5. The method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator as recited in claim 1, wherein the method for laying the measurement target balls of the laser tracker comprises: in the process of pouring the impermeable concrete into the reference column inner cylinder, the impermeable concrete is poured to be close to the top of the reference column inner cylinder, a measuring base is buried in the impermeable concrete at the center of the top of the reference column inner cylinder, the measuring base is used for placing a laser tracker measuring target ball during the measurement of the collimation primary control net, and the measuring base is located on the central axis of the reference column inner cylinder.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the alignment of the collimation primary control network measuring instrument, a reference protecting cover is disposed on the top end of the outer protecting cylinder, so that the reference protecting cover is flush with the ground, and a sealing process is performed between the reference protecting cover and the top end of the outer protecting cylinder;
wherein, the mode that basic protective cover and basic ground flush includes: an inner wire structure is arranged on the inner edge of the top of the protective outer cylinder, and an outer wire structure assembled with the inner wire is arranged on the periphery of the reference protective cover;
the sealing mode of the reference protective cover and the protective outer cylinder comprises the following steps: a groove is formed in the bottom side of the internal thread structure on the inner wall of the protective outer cylinder, a rubber sealing ring is assembled in the groove, a reference protective cover and the protective outer cylinder are assembled, and the rubber sealing ring is extruded through the reference protective cover to complete sealing.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reference protecting cover is pre-processed before assembling, the pre-processing includes disposing a handle capable of opening and closing at 90 ° on the top surface of the reference protecting cover, and disposing a caulking groove for the handle to rotate at 90 ° and to be hidden on the top surface of the reference protecting cover.
8. The method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator as recited in claim 1, wherein the method for fabricating the through holes comprises: according to the plane position coordinates of the collimation primary control network, holes are prefabricated in the top of the particle accelerator tunnel, seamless steel pipes are arranged and placed in the prefabricated holes to be fixed, through holes coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder are formed by pipe cavities of the seamless steel pipes, a support seat of a bolt connected with a waterproof steel plate on the top surface of the particle accelerator tunnel through the bolt is welded on the outer side of the seamless steel pipes in advance, and in the manufacturing process of the through holes, the height and the verticality of the seamless steel pipes are adjusted through the bolt on the support seat until the through holes are coaxial with the reference column inner cylinder.
9. The method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of the particle accelerator according to claim 8, wherein the method for erecting and pouring the measuring platform comprises the following steps: after the height and the verticality of the through hole are determined, a measuring platform is poured around the through hole by a mold until the measuring platform is solidified into a square shape, so that the height of the measuring platform is higher than the backfill ground at the top of the tunnel of the particle accelerator;
the radiation protection setting on through-vision hole top includes: in the process of erecting and pouring the measuring platform, a prefabricated hole is formed in the middle of the measuring platform by taking the axis of the through-vision hole as a reference, and a polyethylene protective cover is assembled in the prefabricated hole after the platform to be measured is completely solidified and formed, so that the polyethylene protective cover seals the top end of the through-vision hole;
the dustproof and waterproof method for the measuring platform comprises the following steps: after the polyethylene protective cover is assembled, a protective cover is covered on the platform base surface of the measuring platform, and a safety lock structure is arranged between the protective cover and the measuring platform.
10. A measurement method based on the method for laying the primary control network for tunnel collimation of a particle accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the measurement method comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of finishing the arrangement of a collimation primary control network in a tunnel of the particle accelerator, arranging a laser tracker measurement target ball on a measurement base at the top end of an inner cylinder of a reference column, and horizontally erecting the laser tracker on a measurement platform above a through hole;
starting a laser tracker, aiming the laser tracker on a measurement base of a collimation primary control network in the tunnel by using self laser to measure a target ball, and adjusting the laser tracker to a proper position;
the method comprises the following steps of directly measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of a measuring base of a primary collimation control network in a tunnel and the three-dimensional coordinate of a ground transfer station arranged outside the tunnel of the particle accelerator by using a laser tracker through a through hole, and establishing a link with primary collimation control network points in other tunnels, primary collimation control network points outside the tunnel and other temporary points led out from the inside of the tunnel by using an outdoor long-distance measuring mode of the laser tracker;
after all the collimation primary control network points in the tunnel and outside the tunnel are measured, using the unified space metering network function of SA measurement software to carry out adjustment processing on all the collimation primary control network measurement data, and using the adjusted collimation primary control network data to construct a global coordinate system for collimating and installing the particle accelerator;
after the measurement is finished by combining with a collimation secondary control network arranged in a tunnel, giving three-dimensional coordinate data to the collimation secondary control network by taking the three-dimensional coordinate measured by the collimation primary control network as a reference;
during the installation and collimation work of the particle accelerator element, the measuring instrument is positioned in a global coordinate system for the collimation installation of the particle accelerator according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collimation secondary control network in the tunnel, and then the installation and collimation work of the particle accelerator element is completed according to the relative position coordinate and the angle of the installation element relative to the global coordinate system.
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