CN114773754B - Polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2471/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
Abstract
The invention discloses a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of novel composite film materials. The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film is formed by blending a fluorenyl nano sheet and a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano sheet in the blending process of the fluorenyl nano sheet and the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5%; the fluorenyl nanosheets are prepared by adding a surfactant into fluorenyl organic micromolecules; the fluorenyl organic small molecule is a molecule consisting of phenylfluorene and pyrene groups. The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film prepared by the invention has flat and smooth surface and higher film quality, the controllability of the composite film can be high by regulating and controlling the fluorenyl nano sheet material and the doping proportion of the fluorenyl nano sheet material in the composite film, and meanwhile, the excellent photoelectric property of the micromolecule nano sheet and the flexibility of the polyvinyl alcohol can be combined to realize the good photoelectric and mechanical properties of the composite film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of novel composite film materials, and particularly relates to a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, due to the advantages of high-efficiency low-cost preparation process and easiness in realizing large-area preparation, in an organic thin film device, the photoelectric ink capable of being processed in an aqueous solution is more green and environment-friendly than the traditional volatile solvents used in a large amount, and has important advantages in the aspects of promoting human health, reducing energy consumption and the like. Nanoengineering provides us with water-dispersible organic nanoinks as a viable alternative and will support the development of solution processing techniques toward green electronics.
Although, recent studies have shown that oriented organic nanowires can obtain crystalline thin films by self-assembly means and have interesting optical switching properties. For example pyrene-functionalized spiro [ fluorene-9, 7' -dibenzo [ c, h ]]Acridine]The 5' -ketone (Py-SFDBAO) is assembled into a two-dimensional nano structure, so that a large-area high-quality and uniform crystalline film is constructed. The use of the aqueous nanoflake film as an active layer diode exhibits a non-volatile bistable electrical switching characteristic with an on/off ratio of 6.0 x 10 4 The optical switch has 10 2 -10 3 Is provided. However, the preparation of repeatable, high quality, uniform films remains a significant challenge in developing aqueous phase processing. The amorphous film prepared by the traditional wet method is often insufficient in device stability, process repeatability is difficult to ensure, and a plurality of complex mechanisms are involved in the process of converting the wet film into the film, so that the film is uneven, such as a coffee ring effect and the like.
Therefore, research on the nano-sheet and the water-based polymer doped film is carried out, and development of a wet process for ensuring good crystal controllability and stable repeatability is urgent, so that the method has important significance for preparing a large-area flexible light-emitting film.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fluorenyl nano-sheet is doped and compounded with water-based polymer polyvinyl alcohol, and the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film is obtained by regulating and controlling the fluorenyl nano-sheet material and the doping proportion thereof, has a flat and smooth surface and higher film quality, and can combine the excellent photoelectric property of small molecular nano-sheets with the flexibility of polyvinyl alcohol to realize the good photoelectric and mechanical properties of the composite film.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film is formed by blending fluorenyl nano sheets and a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the fluorenyl nano sheets are prepared by adding a surfactant into a fluorenyl organic micromolecule compound; the fluorenyl organic small molecule compound is a molecule composed of phenyl fluorene and pyrene groups, namely PF-Py molecules, and has the following structural formula:
。
preferably, the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet in the blending process of the fluorenyl nano-sheet and the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5%, namely the fluorenyl nano-sheet: polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution=5:100. The surface morphology of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film is more uneven along with the increase of the content of the fluorenyl nano-sheet; when the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet is 5%, the composite film with a relatively flat surface appearance can be prepared.
Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 8wt percent, so as to ensure the viscosity of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to be as high as possible, and the formed composite film has certain flexibility and thickness.
Preferably, the surfactant is a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer.
The preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film comprises the following steps:
s1, placing fluorenyl nano-sheets into a bottle filled with magnetons by deionized water for dispersion;
s2, stirring for 3-5 hours to uniformly disperse;
s3, transferring the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step S2, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain a white dispersion liquid;
s4, vacuumizing the white dispersion liquid in a freeze dryer for 30min;
s5, taking the dispersed liquid obtained in the step S4 to be dripped on the pretreated glass substrate, and then placing the glass substrate on a heating plate to volatilize and form a film.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fluorenyl nanosheets comprises the following steps:
step S101, preparing a surfactant solution;
s102, dissolving a fluorenyl organic micromolecule compound in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a sample solution, and rapidly injecting the sample solution into the surfactant solution obtained in the S101 within 1-2 seconds for stirring;
step S103, after stirring is completed, standing is carried out in a room temperature environment, and a completely grown nano sheet material is obtained; then centrifugally washing and cleaning the surfactant to obtain fluorenyl nano-sheets;
step S104, drying the fluorenyl nano-sheet obtained in the step S103, and transferring the dried fluorenyl nano-sheet into a sample bottle for standby.
Preferably, the heating plate temperature of step S5 is 35-45 ℃.
Preferably, the concentration of the surfactant solution in step S101 is 1mg/mL.
Preferably, the sample solution in step S102 has a mass concentration of 8mM.
Preferably, the rest time in step S103 is 48 h.
Preferably, the rotational speed of the centrifugal washing in step S103 does not exceed 5000rpm.
The technical scheme of the invention can produce the following technical effects:
1. according to the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film provided by the invention, the fluorenyl nano sheet and the water-based polymer polyvinyl alcohol are doped and compounded, the controllability of the composite film is high by regulating and controlling the fluorenyl nano sheet material and the doping proportion of the fluorenyl nano sheet material in the composite film, and meanwhile, the excellent photoelectric property of the micromolecule nano sheet and the flexibility of the polyvinyl alcohol can be combined to realize the good photoelectric and mechanical properties of the composite film; compared with the common ink with poor controllability, the solution self-aggregation presents the coffee ring effect, and the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film provided by the invention has the advantages of flat and smooth surface and higher film quality.
2. The preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film provided by the invention has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and stable repeatability, and can easily realize the film preparation of large-area solution processing.
3. The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film prepared by the invention can be processed in aqueous solution, and the photoelectric ink is more green and environment-friendly than the traditional volatile solvents used in a large amount, and has important advantages in the aspects of promoting human health, reducing energy consumption and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a PF-Py nanoplatelet according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a low-power optical microscope image of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a high-power optical microscope image of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a drawing of a stretched polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nanosheet composite film of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing fluorescence spectra and normalization under stretching of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a bending diagram of a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing fluorescence spectra and normalization after bending of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a patterned large area film implemented with the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nanosheet composite ink of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a free standing film of a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nanoplatelet composite according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows the folded paper patterning of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film is formed by blending fluorenyl nano sheets and a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the fluorenyl nano sheets are prepared by adding a surfactant into fluorenyl organic micromolecules, and the surfactant is a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer; the fluorenyl organic small molecule is a molecule composed of phenylfluorene and pyrene groups, namely PF-Py molecules, and has the following structural formula:
the water-based polymer provided by the invention is polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 146000-186000 provided by Sigma-Aldrich Sigma Aldrich (Shanghai) trade company.
According to the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film, the appearance of the fluorenyl nano sheet is possibly changed at the high temperature of 100 ℃, so that the polyvinyl alcohol is thoroughly dissolved in water at the temperature of 100 ℃ and then is composited with the fluorenyl nano sheet.
The doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet in the blending process of the fluorenyl nano-sheet and the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5%. The surface morphology of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film is more uneven along with the increase of the content of the fluorenyl nano-sheet; when the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet is 5%, the composite film with a relatively flat surface appearance can be prepared.
The composite film can be prepared into independent films at different annealing temperatures, and experiments prove that the composite film formed at the temperature of more than 50 ℃ has obvious defects and is mainly characterized by more bubbles and unevenness in the film. When the temperature is below 30 ℃, the film forming time is long, and the film forming time is not easy to realize in summer, so that 35-45 ℃ is selected as the solvent volatilization temperature under comprehensive consideration.
The polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 8wt percent so as to ensure the viscosity of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to be as high as possible, and the formed composite film has certain flexibility and thickness.
The method for preparing the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific implementation steps.
Example 1 preparation method of fluorenyl nanosheets
Firstly, preparing an aqueous solution of the surfactant P123 with the concentration of 1mg/mL in a volumetric flask, transferring the aqueous solution of the surfactant of 500 mL into a beaker of 1000 mL, and adding a magneton for standby. And (3) completely dissolving a proper amount of PF-Py molecules in 100 mL tetrahydrofuran, taking all the solutions after complete dissolution, rapidly injecting the solutions into a beaker containing an aqueous solution of a surfactant P123, and stirring for about 5 minutes. In this process, white floc was observed to appear in the bottle, which was a milky liquid after stirring was completed. Taking out the magneton after stirring, standing the solution at room temperature for about 2 days, centrifuging at a rotation speed lower than 5000rpm, and centrifuging with ultrapure water for 3 times until the surfactant is completely washed. A drop of about 10 mu L of the nano-crystal aqueous solution is deposited on a silicon substrate, the silicon substrate is placed on a heating plate at 40-45 ℃ for solvent evaporation, and after 3-4 hours, the solvent is completely evaporated, so that moisture is ensured to be dried. The nanotopography was then observed by field emission SEM (Ri Li S-4800) at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV, and the specific morphology is shown in FIG. 1. And (5) drying the rest crystals in a baking oven at 70 ℃ for 12-20 hours, and transferring the crystals into a sample bottle for standby.
Example 2 preparation method of polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nanosheet composite film
Step S1, placing PF-Py nano-sheets of 4 mg in a small bottle filled with magnetons of 5 mL, and dispersing the PF-Py nano-sheets with 0.3 ml deionized water;
step S2, stirring for 3-5 hours to uniformly disperse;
step S3, transferring the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution of 1 mL, namely PVA aqueous solution, into the dispersion liquid, and stirring the mixture at normal temperature for 6 h to form white dispersion liquid;
step S4, vacuumizing the dispersion liquid in a freeze dryer for about 30 minutes to remove cheongsam, and taking out the sample from the freeze dryer;
step S5, taking 200 mu L of dispersion liquid by using a liquid-transferring gun, and dripping the dispersion liquid onto the pretreated glass substrate; and placing the film on a heating plate at 35-45 ℃ for about 5 hours, completely volatilizing the solvent to form a film, and slowly taking down the composite film from the edge of the film by using tweezers.
The steps are the preparation flow of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film with the doping mass ratio of 5. 5 wt percent, and the steps can be repeated as required to prepare the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film with different doping mass ratios.
Fig. 2 shows the morphology of the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film under an optical microscope at different doping ratios, and as shown in fig. 2, when the nano-sheet is 1 wt%, the nano-sheet does not cover the whole film surface, and the nano-sheet film is flat and uniform at 5 wt% and 10 wt%, and has a better morphology. 15 when the nano-sheets are in weight percent, the nano-sheets doped in the film can be subjected to agglomeration phenomenon, the surface of the film is uneven, and the agglomeration phenomenon is obvious when the nano-sheets are 20 and wt percent of the composite film. As shown in fig. 3, this morphology further verifies the effect of further increasing doping ratio on film flatness. As shown in fig. 4, when the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet is 5 wt%, the high-power optical microscope shows that the flaky crystals in the composite film exist, the size of the crystals is basically consistent with that of the nano-sheet in fig. 1, and the phenomenon that the nano-sheet is not dissolved in the doping process is verified. However, the appearance of the nano-sheet in the film is damaged to a certain extent due to the vacuumizing and long-time stirring operations.
The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite films prepared in example 1 and example 2 are applied to optoelectronic flexible devices.
Test example 1 law of spectral variation under stretching of polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nanosheet composite film
The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film can be torn off from a quartz sheet, so that the film is independent without being attached to a substrate, and the film can be bent and folded at will. However, since the dried film has smaller hydrogen bond acting force, larger tensile strength and smaller deformation, if the change rule of the spectrum of the composite film under stretching is to be verified, the hydrogen bond of the composite film needs to be increased, because the polyvinyl alcohol contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups and can form hydrogen bonds with water, the composite film needs to be controlled in a high-humidity environment in an experiment, but the difficulty is that the composite film is directly dissolved when contacting with water, so the test example adopts the following modes: and taking a centrifuge tube box, putting cotton at the bottom of the box, pouring a proper amount of deionized water, putting a plastic sheet at the upper part of a centrifuge tube hole, and fixing the composite film on the plastic sheet by using double faced adhesive tape. After the transparent cover is covered, the transparent cover is sealed by a sealing film. In order to increase the rate of water vapor permeation into the composite membrane and to ensure that the composite membrane is not dissolved, it was verified that a 40 ℃ incubator was used to house the sealed centrifuge tube. After 24-48 hours, the composite film and water formed a large number of hydrogen bonds, and immediate tensile testing verified that the composite film could achieve about 30% strain, as shown in fig. 5.
To verify the testing of the spectra of the composite film under stretching, the experiment needs to address how to place the stretched film in a fluorescence spectrometer. To fix the deformation of the film, it is necessary to adhere the film to the substrate. In addition, to enable convenient measurement of the deformation, the substrate is preferably self-contained. In view of the above, the present test example chooses to adhere the film to a vernier caliper of length 60 cm. The device has the following advantages. 1. The size is small, and the fluorescent probe can be placed on a clamp of a fluorescent spectrometer; 2. as a substrate, fixing the deformation of the film; 3. the number is displayed by the self, so that the measurement is convenient; 4. the film can deform along with the movement of the caliper, and the double faced adhesive tape is fixed at one time, so that the measurement under a plurality of strains can be realized; 5. the device measures more accurately than manual stretch measurements. The specific apparatus and stretching of this test example is shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, the composite films were tested for deformation of 0, 10%, 20%, 30%. According to the fluorescence spectrum and the normalized graph thereof, the spectrum shift is not changed with the increase of the tensile deformation, but the fluorescence intensity is slightly enhanced. As shown in fig. 7, the composite film is fixed to a vernier caliper, and the film is bent by movement of the caliper.
As shown in fig. 8, the composite film was tested for spectral patterns after 300, 600, 900 bends. According to the fluorescence spectrum and the normalization chart, the emission peak shift is unchanged in 900 times of bending, and the fluorescence intensity is not obviously changed and is irregular. As shown in fig. 9, the composite ink can directly realize specific patterning and drawing on a glass slide through a writing brush printing process. As shown in fig. 10, the composite film may maintain a curved shape. As shown in fig. 11, the composite film can not only realize large-area preparation, but also realize specific patterns of the film by a paper folding technology.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art will make any equivalent substitution or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the invention, and the technical solution of the invention is not departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano sheet composite film is characterized by comprising fluorenyl nano sheets and a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in a blending way, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 8wt%; the doping mass ratio of the fluorenyl nano-sheet in the blending process of the fluorenyl nano-sheet and the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 5 percent, namely the fluorenyl nano-sheet: polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution=5:100, wherein the fluorenyl nanosheets are prepared from fluorenyl organic micromolecular compounds by adding a surfactant; the fluorenyl organic small molecule compound is a molecule composed of phenyl fluorene and pyrene groups, namely PF-Py molecules, and has the following structural formula:
2. the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer.
3. A method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing fluorenyl nano-sheets into a bottle filled with magnetons by deionized water for dispersion;
s2, stirring for 3-5 hours to uniformly disperse;
s3, transferring the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step S2, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain a white dispersion liquid;
s4, vacuumizing the white dispersion liquid in a freeze dryer for 30min;
s5, taking the dispersed liquid obtained in the step S4 to be dripped on the pretreated glass substrate, and then placing the glass substrate on a heating plate to volatilize and form a film.
4. The method for preparing the polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 3, wherein the method for preparing the fluorenyl nano-sheet comprises the following steps:
step S101, preparing a surfactant solution;
s102, dissolving a fluorenyl organic micromolecule compound in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a sample solution, and rapidly injecting the sample solution into the surfactant solution obtained in the S101 within 1-2 seconds for stirring;
step S103, after stirring is completed, standing is carried out in a room temperature environment, and a completely grown nano sheet material is obtained; then centrifugally washing and cleaning the surfactant to obtain fluorenyl nano-sheets;
step S104, drying the fluorenyl nano-sheet obtained in the step S103, and transferring the dried fluorenyl nano-sheet into a sample bottle for standby.
5. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 4, wherein the heating plate temperature in the step S5 is 35-45 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution in the step S101 is 1mg/mL.
7. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 6, wherein the mass concentration of the substance of the sample solution in the step S102 is 8mM.
8. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-fluorenyl nano-sheet composite film according to claim 7, wherein the standing time in the step S103 is 48 hours; the rotational speed of the centrifugal washing in step S103 is not more than 5000rpm.
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