CN114754094A - I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining - Google Patents

I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114754094A
CN114754094A CN202210450590.2A CN202210450590A CN114754094A CN 114754094 A CN114754094 A CN 114754094A CN 202210450590 A CN202210450590 A CN 202210450590A CN 114754094 A CN114754094 A CN 114754094A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
friction
group
steel backing
brake pad
edge
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Pending
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CN202210450590.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田胜
滕明涛
熊安楠
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Jiucheng High Tech Xiamen Group Co ltd
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Jiucheng High Tech Xiamen Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210450590.2A priority Critical patent/CN114754094A/en
Publication of CN114754094A publication Critical patent/CN114754094A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F16D69/0416—Attachment of linings specially adapted for curved linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • F16D2065/788—Internal cooling channels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad which is suitable for a motor train unit with a speed grade of 200-250 km/h and comprises the following components: the steel backing comprises a steel backing body, wherein a plurality of trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks are arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body at intervals, and a plurality of anti-rotation tables are arranged among the friction blocks. The trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks have better adaptability with the outline of the steel backing, have larger arrangement area and reasonable distribution, and enough heat dissipation and chip removal channels are arranged among the friction bodies, thereby improving the problems of eccentric wear of the brake pad and heat concentration of braking.

Description

I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brake pad equipment of high-speed motor trains of 200-250 km/h, in particular to an I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad.
Background
The brake pad of the motor train unit converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat energy by working the brake disc so as to brake the vehicle, so that the service life of the powder metallurgy brake pad for the high-speed motor train unit is prolonged, the area of a friction body of the brake pad is increased, the brake pad is prevented from generating larger eccentric wear in the braking process, and the heat dissipation capacity of the brake pad is improved.
The brake pad of a high-speed motor train unit of 200-250 km/h generally uses an I-D type dovetail steel backing, however, the traditional brake pad has the following problems:
The adaptability of the shape of the friction body and the outline of the steel back is poor, so that the whole steel back is difficult to be arranged, and a larger friction area cannot be ensured. Meanwhile, the compact braking area is distributed and concentrated, and no enough heat dissipation and chip removal channel exists, so that the friction bodies are adhered in the high-speed braking process, and the temperature of the brake disc is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad which is suitable for a motor train unit with a speed grade of 200-250 km/h and comprises the following components: the steel backing comprises a steel backing body, wherein a plurality of trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks are arranged on the surface of the upper end of the steel backing body at intervals, and a plurality of anti-rotation tables are arranged between the friction blocks.
As a further improvement, the upper end surface of the steel back body is provided with a plurality of spring grooves, the lower end surface of the steel back body is provided with a plurality of clamp spring grooves concentric with the spring grooves, and the spring grooves are communicated with the clamp spring grooves through pin holes;
the friction block is formed by combining and sintering a pin, a framework and a friction body, and a heat dissipation through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the middle of the friction body.
As a further improvement, the depth of the spring groove is 1-3 mm, a claw-shaped disc spring with an inner groove is detachably arranged in the spring groove, and a steel back ball socket is also arranged in the spring groove;
The depth of the clamp spring groove is 4-6 mm, a butterfly-shaped clamp spring is detachably arranged in the clamp spring groove, and the friction block is embedded in the spring groove through the claw-shaped disc spring and the butterfly-shaped clamp spring;
a ball protrusion is arranged on one side, close to the spring groove, of the framework, and a gap of 0.6-1.2 mm is formed between the ball protrusion and the steel back ball socket;
the inner diameter of the heat dissipation through hole is 16 mm.
As a further improvement, the number of the friction blocks is 9, and the cross section of the friction body is in an isosceles trapezoid shape with an upper bottom of 33.5mm, a lower bottom of 69.2mm and a height of 42.9 mm.
As a further improvement, the number ratio of friction bodies distributed on the inner ring, the middle ring and the outer ring of the steel backing body is 2.5: 3.5: 3.
as a further improvement, the edge of the friction block is rounded off by 12 mm.
As a further improvement, the edge of the upper end surface of the steel backing body comprises a long arc edge and a short arc edge concentric with the long arc edge, the left ends of the long arc edge and the short arc edge are connected by a first straight edge, the first straight edge is respectively perpendicular to the long arc edge and the short arc edge, the right ends of the long arc edge and the short arc edge are connected by a second straight edge, and one side of the second straight edge, which is close to the long arc edge, is subjected to rounding treatment;
The 9 friction blocks form a first friction group, a second friction group and a third friction group, and each friction group comprises three friction blocks.
As a further improvement, the first friction group is arranged on one side, close to the first straight edge, of the upper end surface of the steel backing body, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks of the first friction group face the short arc edge, the upper bottom of the friction block at the lowest end of the first friction group is tangent to the short arc edge, and a fillet edge, where the lower bottom of at least one friction block in the first friction group is intersected with the waist, is tangent to the first straight edge;
the second friction group is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body and positioned on the right side of the first friction group, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks of the second friction group face the long arc edge, and the lower bottom of the friction block at the lowest end of the second friction group is tangent to the short arc edge;
the third friction group is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body and positioned on the right side of the second friction group, and the upper bottoms and the waists of the three friction blocks of the third friction group are opposite in pairs.
As a further improvement, the number of the anti-rotation platforms is 6;
the three friction blocks of the first friction group are spaced by 3-6 mm, and two anti-rotation tables are arranged between the three friction blocks of the first friction group;
The three friction blocks of the second friction group are spaced by 0.5-2 mm, and an anti-rotation table is arranged between the uppermost friction block and the middle friction block of the second anti-rotation group;
and an anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block at the lowest end of the third friction group and the friction block at the lowest end of the second friction group, the bottom of the friction block at the uppermost end of the third friction group is abutted against one friction block, and the anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block at the uppermost end of the third friction group and the friction block at the rightmost end.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the friction blocks are arranged on the upper end surface of the steel back body of the I-D type dovetail steel back at intervals, the anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction blocks, and the I-D type dovetail steel back is more ' flat ' and narrower ' than the I-C type dovetail steel back, so that the trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks are better in adaptability to the profile of the steel back, larger in arrangement area and reasonable in distribution, and enough heat dissipation and chip removal channels are formed between the friction bodies, and the problems of eccentric wear and brake heat concentration of brake pads are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall explosion structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation projection direction view of the steel back body of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a rear front projection direction view of the steel back body.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the claw-shaped disk of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to imply that the number of technical features indicated is significant. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad is suitable for a motor train unit with a speed grade of 200-250 km/h, and comprises: the steel backing comprises a steel backing body 1, a plurality of trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks 2 are arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body 1 at intervals, and a plurality of anti-rotation tables are further arranged between the friction blocks 2. The trapezoidal friction body 21 can be well adapted to the outline form of the I-D type dovetail steel back in the TJ/CL307-2019 standard, the effective utilization rate of the friction body 21 to the steel back is high, and the effective friction area of the brake pad exceeds 330cm2The area of the existing gate is commonly 280-320cm2In between, the larger friction body 21 area helps to increase the life of the brake pad.
As a further improvement, the upper end surface of the steel back body 1 is provided with a plurality of spring grooves 12, the lower end surface of the steel back body 1 is provided with a plurality of clamp spring grooves 13 concentric with the spring grooves 12, and the spring grooves 12 are communicated with the clamp spring grooves 13 through pin holes;
the friction block 2 is formed by combining and sintering a pin 23, a framework 22 and a friction body 21, and a heat dissipation through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the middle of the friction body 21.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in the conventional brake pad, the inner ring of the disc spring protrudes toward one side, the contact area between the disc spring and the frame 22 is small, and the disc spring is engaged with the frame 22 under the action of high pressure generated by a small high pressure area after being used in cooperation with the frame 22, so that the frame 22 is damaged, the circumferential adjustment capability of the disc spring is reduced, the brake pad is always in an inclined state, and further eccentric wear is aggravated. Therefore, as a further improvement, the depth of the spring groove 12 is 1-3 mm, the claw-shaped disc spring 3 with an inner groove is detachably arranged in the spring groove 12, and a steel back ball socket is further arranged in the spring groove 12. As shown in fig. 6, the claw-shaped disk spring 3 includes a mounting ring 31, the mounting ring 31 is adapted to the spring groove 12, a plurality of sector plates 32 are fixedly arranged in a circumferential array on an inner ring of the mounting ring 31, and short arc edges of the sector plates 32 are adapted to a maximum outer diameter of the pin 23. And the upper end surface of the arc plate 32 is flush with the lower end surface of the framework 22. The upper end surface of the sector arc plate 32 is in a shape matched with the lower end surface of the framework 22, so that the contact area between the claw-shaped disc spring 3 and the framework 22 can be effectively increased, and the pressure is smaller under the action of the same brake clamping force; meanwhile, the rigidity of the inner ring structure can be reduced by fixedly arranging the fan-arc plates 32 on the inner ring circumference array of the mounting ring 31, the elastic capacity of the inner ring structure is enhanced, through the design, the maximum deformation of each fan-arc plate 32 of the inner ring can reach 1mm, and the inner ring structure is prevented from being embedded into the framework 22 under high pressure to damage the structure of the framework 22 and cause structural deflection.
Preferably, the depth of the clamp spring groove 13 is 4-6 mm, and a butterfly-shaped clamp spring 4 is detachably arranged in the clamp spring groove 13.
The friction block 2 is embedded in the spring groove 12 through the claw-shaped disc spring 3 and the butterfly clamp spring 4.
Preferably, a ball protrusion is arranged on one side, close to the spring groove 12, of the framework 22, and a gap of 0.6-1.2 mm is formed between the ball protrusion and the steel back ball socket. This clearance design has guaranteed that claw disk spring 3 has sufficient skew space when producing deformation, avoids rigid conflict between it and the skeleton 22, causes claw disk spring 3 card to imbed in the skeleton 22, or claw disk spring 3 is by skeleton 22 and the mutual extrusion of spring groove and break.
In order to reduce noise during braking of the brake pad and to increase a heat dissipation area of the brake pad, it is preferable that the inner diameter of the heat dissipation through hole is 16 mm.
As a further improvement, the number of the friction blocks 2 is 9, and the cross section of the friction body 21 is in an isosceles trapezoid shape with an upper bottom 33.5mm, a lower bottom 69.2mm and a height 42.9 mm.
Wherein, the brake pad braking radius of the I-D type forked tail steel backing is respectively: 355mm of the wheel disc and 335mm of the axle disc, wherein the linear velocity ratio of the outer inner ring of the wheel disc is about 1.18, and the linear velocity ratio of the outer inner ring of the axle disc is about 1.20. Therefore, as a further improvement, the number ratio of the friction bodies 21 distributed on the inner ring, the middle ring and the outer ring of the steel back body 1 is 2.5: 3.5: 3. the pressure intensity of the inner ring of the wheel disc is detected through experiments under the condition that: the pressure of the outer ring is 1.18, the pressure of the inner ring of the shaft disc is: the outer ring pressure intensity is 1.21, and the ratio of the outer ring pressure intensity to the linear velocity of the outer ring of the wheel disc or the shaft disc is approximate, so that abrasion compensation is formed, the abrasion condition of the brake pad is more uniform, the eccentric wear condition is reduced, and the brake pad is positively pressed for a long time in the braking process.
In order to avoid the edge breakage of the friction block 2 caused by excessive stress concentration in the braking process, as a further improvement, the edge of the friction block 2 is subjected to rounding treatment with the radius R being 12 mm.
As a further improvement, the edge of the upper end surface of the steel backing body 1 includes a long arc edge 11a and a short arc edge 11b concentric with the long arc edge 11a, the left ends of the long arc edge 11a and the short arc edge 11b are connected by a first straight edge 11c, the first straight edge 11c is respectively perpendicular to the long arc edge 11a and the short arc edge 11b, the right ends of the long arc edge 11a and the short arc edge 11b are connected by a second straight edge 11d, and one side of the second straight edge 11d close to the long arc edge 11a is subjected to rounding treatment;
the 9 friction blocks 2 form a first friction group 2a, a second friction group 2b and a third friction group 2c, each of which comprises three friction blocks 2.
As a further improvement, the first friction group 2a is arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the steel back body 1 close to the first straight side 11c, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks 2 of the first friction group 2a face the short arc side 11b, the upper bottom of the friction block 2 at the lowest end of the first friction group 2a is tangent to the short arc side 11b, and a round corner edge where the lower bottom of at least one friction block 2 in the first friction group 2a intersects with the waist is tangent to the first straight side 11 c;
The second friction group 2b is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body 1 and is positioned on the right side of the first friction group 2a, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks 2 of the second friction group 2b face the long arc edge 11a, and the lower bottom of the friction block 2 at the lowest end of the second friction group 2b is tangent to the short arc edge 11 b;
the third friction group 2c is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body 1 and is positioned on the right side of the second friction group 2b, and the upper bottoms and the waists of the three friction blocks 2 of the third friction group 2c are opposite to each other in pairs.
As a further improvement, the number of the anti-rotation tables is 6;
the three friction blocks 2 of the first friction group 2a are spaced by 3-6 mm, and two anti-rotation tables are arranged among the three friction blocks 2 of the first friction group 2 a;
the three friction blocks 2 of the second friction group 2b are spaced by 0.5-2 mm, and an anti-rotation table is arranged between the uppermost friction block 2 of the second anti-rotation group and the middle friction block 2;
an anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block 2 at the lowest end of the third friction group 2c and the friction block 2 at the lowest end of the second friction group 2b, the bottom of the friction block 2 at the uppermost end of the third friction group 2c is abutted against one friction block 2, and the anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block 2 at the uppermost end of the third friction group 2c and the friction block 2 at the rightmost end. Through using the rotation preventing platform to independently limit each friction body 21, the design can limit the relative rotation of the friction bodies 21 when the brake pad is braked, can play a role in stabilizing the friction coefficient, and ensures the stable and continuous braking of the brake pad.
In the brake pad of the high-speed train set, the area with serious abrasion is positioned on one side of the middle ring close to the outer ring, and the area generating the highest friction heat is also positioned on one side of the middle ring close to the outer ring in the use process. The main reasons for this phenomenon are: 1. the brake pad is arranged in the wheel, the linear velocity of the braking area of the brake pad does not reach the velocity of the ultra-high-speed grinding area, the brake pad is still in a high-heat area, and the friction heat is increased along with the increase of the linear velocity, so the friction heat is gradually increased along with the increase of the inner ring towards the outer ring under the same angular velocity. 2. The outer ring and the inner ring of the brake pad are in contact with the outside, the generated friction heat can be dissipated in time, simultaneously, the generated high-temperature abrasive dust can be timely discharged, the friction blocks 2 at the position of the middle ring are dense, and the temperature of one side, close to the outer ring, of the middle ring is the highest due to the residual high-temperature abrasive dust.
As shown in FIG. 2, through the arrangement mode, gaps between the friction blocks of the middle ring and the other friction blocks 2 are larger, so that high-temperature abrasive dust can be discharged in time, the highest temperature of the brake pad during braking is reduced, and the failure caused by sintering between the friction blocks 2 is reduced.
The maximum temperature of the brake pad provided by the invention during braking and the maximum temperature of the traditional brake pad during braking are shown in the table 1:
table 1.
Figure BDA0003618459010000091
As is apparent from Table 1, the maximum temperature difference generated by the brake pad provided by the invention during braking is very large compared with the traditional brake pad, and the maximum friction heat generated by the brake pad provided by the invention during braking has smaller rising amplitude along with the increase of the train speed, so that the brake pad is more suitable for being used in train groups with large speed range and high train speed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a I-D type forked tail steel backing brake block, is applicable to 200 ~ 250km/h speed grade's EMUs and uses which characterized in that includes:
the steel backing comprises a steel backing body, wherein a plurality of trapezoidal prism-shaped friction blocks are arranged on the surface of the upper end of the steel backing body at intervals, and a plurality of anti-rotation tables are arranged between the friction blocks.
2. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 1,
the upper end surface of the steel back body is provided with a plurality of spring grooves, the lower end surface of the steel back body is provided with a plurality of clamp spring grooves concentric with the spring grooves, and the spring grooves are communicated with the clamp spring grooves through pin holes;
a disc spring is detachably arranged in the spring groove, and a butterfly clamp spring is detachably arranged in the clamp spring groove;
the friction block is formed by combining and sintering a pin, a framework and a friction body, a heat dissipation through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the middle of the friction body, and the friction block is embedded in the spring groove through the claw-shaped disc spring and the butterfly-shaped clamp spring.
3. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 2,
the spring groove is 1-3 mm deep, and a steel back ball socket is further arranged in the spring groove;
the depth of the clamp spring groove is 4-6 mm;
a ball protrusion is arranged on one side, close to the spring groove, of the framework, and a gap of 0.6-1.2 mm is formed between the ball protrusion and the steel back ball socket;
the inner diameter of the heat dissipation through hole is 16 mm.
4. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 2,
The number of the friction blocks is 9, and the cross section of the friction body is in an isosceles trapezoid shape with an upper bottom of 33.5mm, a lower bottom of 69.2mm and a height of 42.9 mm.
5. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 4,
the friction body quantity ratio of the inner ring, the middle ring and the outer ring of the steel back body is 2.5: 3.5: 3.
6. the I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 4,
and the edge of the friction block is subjected to rounding treatment with the radius R being 12 mm.
7. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 6,
the edge of the upper end surface of the steel back body comprises a long arc edge and a short arc edge concentric with the long arc edge, the left ends of the long arc edge and the short arc edge are connected through a first straight edge, the first straight edge is respectively perpendicular to the long arc edge and the short arc edge, the right ends of the long arc edge and the short arc edge are connected through a second straight edge, and one side, close to the long arc edge, of the second straight edge is subjected to chamfering treatment;
the 9 friction blocks form a first friction group, a second friction group and a third friction group, and each friction group comprises three friction blocks.
8. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 7,
the first friction group is arranged on one side, close to the first straight edge, of the upper end surface of the steel backing body, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks of the first friction group face the short arc edge, the upper bottom of the friction block at the lowermost end of the first friction group is tangent to the short arc edge, and a round corner edge, where the lower bottom of at least one friction block in the first friction group is intersected with the waist, is tangent to the first straight edge;
the second friction group is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body and is positioned on the right side of the first friction group, the upper bottoms of the friction blocks of the second friction group face the long arc edge, and the lower bottom of the friction block at the lowermost end of the second friction group is tangent to the short arc edge;
the third friction group is arranged on the upper end surface of the steel backing body and located on the right side of the second friction group, and the upper bottoms and the waists of the three friction blocks of the third friction group are opposite in pairs.
9. The I-D type dovetail steel backing brake pad of claim 8,
the number of the anti-rotation tables is 6;
the three friction blocks of the first friction group are spaced by 3-6 mm, and two anti-rotation tables are arranged among the three friction blocks of the first friction group;
The three friction blocks of the second friction group are spaced by 0.5-2 mm, and an anti-rotation table is arranged between the uppermost friction block and the middle friction block of the second anti-rotation group;
the anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block at the lowermost end of the third friction group and the friction block at the lowermost end of the second friction group, the bottom of the friction block at the uppermost end of the third friction group is abutted against one friction block, and the anti-rotation platform is arranged between the friction block at the uppermost end of the third friction group and the friction block at the rightmost end.
CN202210450590.2A 2022-04-27 2022-04-27 I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining Pending CN114754094A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210450590.2A CN114754094A (en) 2022-04-27 2022-04-27 I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210450590.2A CN114754094A (en) 2022-04-27 2022-04-27 I-D type forked tail steel backing brake lining

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN114754094A true CN114754094A (en) 2022-07-15

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