CN114751786A - 一种含赤霉酸的药肥 - Google Patents
一种含赤霉酸的药肥 Download PDFInfo
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- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N37/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups —CO—N< and, both being directly attached by their carbon atoms to the same carbon skeleton, e.g. H2N—NH—CO—C6H4—COOCH3; Thio-analogues thereof
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
本发明属于肥料技术领域，具体涉及一种含赤霉酸的药肥及其应用。一种含赤霉酸的药肥，包含如下重量百分含量的组分：赤霉酸0.01‑0.03％，苯肽胺酸0.01‑0.03％，尿素15‑30％，磷酸二氢钾10‑25％，四硼酸钠5‑10％，氨基酸5‑15％，粘结剂2‑4％，膨润土余量。本发明提供的含赤霉酸的药肥对于促进水稻、芹菜生长及其产量的提高具有优异的效果，通过在水稻、芹菜特定生长阶段中的一次施用，满足了水稻、芹菜整个生长期的生长调节需求和营养需求，实现了一次施用对于水稻、芹菜的产量和品质可达到最大化提升的优异效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肥料技术领域，具体涉及一种含赤霉酸的药肥及其应用。
背景技术
药肥是一种同时包含农药和肥料的农药产品，施用药肥产品，在施肥的同时也进行了施药，既防治了作物生长过程中的病虫害、防除杂草、调节植物生长，又为作物的生长提供了所需的营养，有利于促进作物的生长，提高作物的产量和品质，同时也提高了劳动效率，降低了劳动强度和生产成本。
赤霉酸是一种广谱性植物生长调节剂,具有打破种子休眠，促进发芽，减少蕾、花、铃、果实的脱落，提高果实结果率或形成无籽果实，提高产量和品质等作用。
单独使用赤霉酸仅能解决对水稻、芹菜等作物生长调节的基本需求，无法满足水稻、芹菜生长各阶段的营养需求。因此，研究如何选择适宜的肥料种类与赤霉酸共混制成药肥，并通过在水稻、芹菜生长阶段中的一次施用即可满足水稻、芹菜整个生长期的生长调节需求和营养需求，对于实现水稻、芹菜产量提高和品质提升的最大化、降低生产成本具有重要的意义。
发明内容
为克服现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种含赤霉酸的药肥及其应用。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种含赤霉酸的药肥，其特征在于，包含如下重量百分含量的组分：赤霉酸0.01-0.03％，苯肽胺酸0.01-0.03％，尿素15-30％，磷酸二氢钾10-25％，四硼酸钠5-10％，氨基酸5-15％，粘结剂2-4％，膨润土余量。
优选地，所述赤霉酸与苯肽胺酸的重量比为1：2。
优选地，所述氨基酸为蛋氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸中的至少一种。
优选地，所述粘结剂为羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇、淀粉中的至少一种。
优选地，所述药肥的剂型为颗粒剂，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种含赤霉酸的药肥在水稻、芹菜生产种植中的应用，在水稻生产的分蘖期、抽穗期、灌浆期的任一时期施用一次所述含赤霉酸的药肥；或，在芹菜生产种植中的发芽期、幼苗期或植株/叶丛旺盛生长期的任一时期施用一次所述含赤霉酸的药肥。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明的含赤霉酸的药肥，通过对于配方中特定氨基酸种类、赤霉酸与苯肽胺酸用量配比的筛选，使得本发明配方的含赤霉酸的药肥对于促进水稻、芹菜生长及其产量的提高具有优异的效果。
(2)本发明的含赤霉酸的药肥，通过在水稻、芹菜特定生长阶段中进行施用，满足了水稻、芹菜整个生长期的生长调节需求和营养需求，实现了一次施用对于水稻、芹菜的产量和品质可达到最大化提升的优异效果。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域的技术人员容易理解，实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1：不同氨基酸种类对含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂肥效的影响
1、供试作物：水稻、芹菜。
2、供试药剂设计：
(1)本发明的含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂：
处理1：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.02％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理2：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.02％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，谷氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理3：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.02％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，甘氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
(2)对照药剂：
对比例1：与处理1相比，不含氨基酸并用膨润土补足，采用相同的工艺制备获得含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
对比例2：与处理1相比，不含四硼酸钠并用膨润土补足，采用相同的工艺制备获得含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
(3)CK：施用清水。
3、试验方法和调查方法：
水稻：将处理1-3、对比例1-2的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，在水稻的灌浆期撒施施用一次，撒施用量为10kg/亩，每处理小区25m2，重复三次。待水稻基本成熟后，按常规取样和统计测定方法测定各处理水稻的千粒重、有效穗数和产量。
芹菜：将处理1-3、对比例1-2的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，于芹菜生长幼苗期撒施使用一次，撒施用量为10kg/亩，每处理小区20m2，重复四次。待同一批次的芹菜收获后，按常规取样和统计测定方法测定各处理芹菜的株高和产量。
表1-1不同处理下水稻千粒重、有效穗重和产量情况
| 试验处理 | 千粒重(g) | 有效穗数(个) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 处理1 | 35.74 | 337 | 40.03 |
| 处理2 | 29.16 | 316 | 32.27 |
| 处理3 | 32.51 | 324 | 35.63 |
| 对比例1 | 22.27 | 289 | 25.97 |
| 对比例2 | 25.34 | 301 | 28.42 |
| CK | 20.01 | 267 | 22.57 |
表1-2不同处理下芹菜株高和产量情况
| 试验处理 | 株高(cm) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 处理1 | 56.93 | 10.82 |
| 处理2 | 50.40 | 7.07 |
| 处理3 | 52.86 | 8.72 |
| 对比例1 | 43.18 | 5.29 |
| 对比例2 | 46.67 | 6.53 |
| CK | 42.33 | 4.42 |
由表1-1和1-2可知，在施用本发明包含了四硼酸钠、氨基酸的含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂后，水稻的千粒重、有效穗数和产量，芹菜的株高和产量均具有明显的提升。不同氨基酸种类的提升效果存在较为明显差异，其中，选择蛋氨酸作为氨基酸的来源，对于促进水稻、芹菜生长及其产量的提高效果最好。
实施例2：赤霉酸、苯肽胺酸含量配比对含赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂肥效的影响
1、供试作物：水稻、芹菜。
2、供试药剂设计：
(1)处理1：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.02％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理4：赤霉酸0.02％，苯肽胺酸0.01％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理5：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.015％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理6：赤霉酸0.015％，苯肽胺酸0.03％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
处理7：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.03％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
(2)CK：施用清水。
3、试验方法和调查方法：
水稻：将处理1、4-7的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，在水稻的灌浆期撒施施用一次，撒施用量为10kg/亩，每处理小区25m2，重复三次。待水稻基本成熟后，按常规取样和统计方法测定各处理水稻的千粒重、有效穗数和产量。
芹菜：将处理1、4-7的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，于芹菜生长幼苗期撒施使用一次，撒施用量为10kg/亩，每处理小区20m2，重复四次。待同一批次的芹菜收获后，按常规取样和统计测定方法测定各处理芹菜的株高和产量。
表2-1不同处理下水稻千粒重、有效穗数和产量情况
| 试验处理 | 千粒重(g) | 有效穗数(个) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 处理1 | 35.97 | 338 | 40.98 |
| 处理4 | 33.24 | 328 | 36.35 |
| 处理5 | 33.87 | 330 | 36.93 |
| 处理6 | 35.51 | 336 | 40.41 |
| 处理7 | 33.09 | 327 | 36.02 |
| CK | 20.53 | 271 | 22.06 |
表2-2不同处理下芹菜株高和产量情况
| 试验处理 | 株高(cm) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 处理1 | 56.86 | 10.64 |
| 处理4 | 53.24 | 9.15 |
| 处理5 | 53.60 | 9.78 |
| 处理6 | 56.73 | 10.47 |
| 处理7 | 53.49 | 9.34 |
| CK | 43.09 | 5.28 |
由表2-1、2-2可知，不同赤霉酸、苯肽胺酸含量配比对于水稻千粒重、有效穗数和产量的提升，以及对于芹菜的株高和产量的提升，存在较为明显的差异，其中，当赤霉酸与苯肽胺酸的用量配比为1：2时，对于促进水稻、芹菜生长及其产量的提高效果最好。
实施例3：施用时期对含赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂肥效的影响
1、供试作物：水稻、芹菜。
2、供试药剂设计：
处理1：赤霉酸0.01％，苯肽胺酸0.02％，尿素25％，磷酸二氢钾15％，四硼酸钠7％，蛋氨酸13％，聚乙烯醇3％，膨润土余量。按配方量称取各原料，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
CK：施用清水。
3、试验方法和调查方法：
水稻：将处理1的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，分别在水稻的分蘖期、抽穗期或灌浆期撒施施用一次，撒施用量为20kg/亩，每处理小区25m2，重复三次。待水稻基本成熟后，按常规取样和统计方法测定各处理水稻的千粒重、有效穗数和产量。
芹菜：将处理1的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，分别在芹菜的发芽期、幼苗期或植株/叶丛旺盛生长期撒施施用一次，撒施用量为20kg/亩，每处理小区20m2，重复四次。待同一批次的芹菜收获后，按常规取样和统计测定方法测定各处理芹菜的株高和产量。
表3-1不同撒施时期下水稻的千粒重、有效穗数和产量情况
| 撒施时期 | 千粒重(g) | 有效穗数(个) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 分蘖期 | 37.79 | 341 | 42.74 |
| 抽穗期 | 34.46 | 332 | 37.98 |
| 灌浆期 | 35.87 | 337 | 40.12 |
| CK | 20.32 | 269 | 21.83 |
表3-2不同撒施时期下芹菜株高和产量情况
| 试验处理 | 株高(cm) | 小区产量(kg) |
| 发芽期 | 53.51 | 9.38 |
| 幼苗期 | 56.79 | 10.55 |
| 植株/叶丛旺盛生长期 | 52.43 | 8.36 |
| CK | 42.74 | 4.81 |
由表3-1和3-2可知，在水稻、芹菜不同的生长阶段撒施本发明处理1的赤霉酸药肥颗粒剂，对于水稻千粒重、有效穗数和产量的提升，以及对于芹菜的株高和产量的提升，存在较为明显的差异，其中，在水稻分蘖期、芹菜幼苗期撒施一次本发明的含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂，对于促进水稻、芹菜生长及其产量的提高效果最好。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，对于本领域技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原料的前提下，可以做适当的改进，这些改进也在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种含赤霉酸的药肥，其特征在于，包含如下重量百分含量的组分：赤霉酸0.01-0.03％，苯肽胺酸0.01-0.03％，尿素15-30％，磷酸二氢钾10-25％，四硼酸钠5-10％，氨基酸5-15％，粘结剂2-4％，膨润土余量；所述赤霉酸与苯肽胺酸的重量比为1：2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含赤霉酸的药肥，其特征在于，所述氨基酸为蛋氨酸、谷氨酸和甘氨酸中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的含赤霉酸的药肥，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇和淀粉中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的含赤霉酸的药肥，其特征在于，所述药肥的剂型为颗粒剂，根据药肥颗粒剂的常规制备工艺在圆盘造粒机中加工制成含赤霉酸的药肥颗粒剂。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的含赤霉酸的药肥在水稻、芹菜生产种植中的应用，其特征在于，在水稻生产种植中的分蘖期、抽穗期或灌浆期的任一时期施用1次所述含赤霉酸的药肥；或在芹菜生产种植中的发芽期、幼苗期或植株/叶丛旺盛生长期的任一时期施用1次所述含赤霉酸的药肥。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，在水稻生产种植中的分蘖期施用1次所述含赤霉酸的药肥；或在芹菜生产种植中的幼苗期施用1次所述含赤霉酸的药肥。
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