CN114751767A - Porous aggregate for internal curing of ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous aggregate for internal curing of ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/068—Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous aggregate for internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete, which is prepared by molding, drying and calcining bauxite tailings serving as a main raw material, silica fume serving as a component regulator and nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide serving as pore-forming agents to prepare a 1-2mm fine lightweight aggregate with high water absorption rate. The lightweight aggregate is mainly used for internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete, not only can obviously reduce the self-shrinkage of the ultra-high performance concrete, but also can effectively solve the problem of high strength loss rate caused by common fine lightweight aggregate, and effectively solves the defects that the traditional fine lightweight aggregate has low water absorption rate and quick water loss, the mixing amount in the ultra-high performance concrete is large, the self-shrinkage can be reduced, the strength loss is large, and the use of the traditional fine lightweight aggregate is limited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to porous aggregate for internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of society, especially the progress of science and technology, the rapid development of social productivity is greatly promoted, and especially the construction of infrastructure represented by the building industry is qualitatively leaped; in the building industry, the performance, use and maintenance of concrete are important indexes for ensuring the quality and safety performance of buildings.
Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) has high strength, toughness and durability characteristics, and is considered as a new generation of concrete, but the water-to-cement ratio is extremely low, usually below 0.25. The ultra UHPC is easily subjected to self-contraction cracking damage due to extremely low water-to-gel ratio. Internal curing is the main way to solve self-shrinkage cracking. The super absorbent resin and the fine light aggregate are common internal curing materials for UHPC, and the effect of the super absorbent resin and the fine light aggregate is different from the effect of the UHPC.
The fine lightweight aggregate used in UHPC is generally crushed from shale, and although the water absorption rate increases somewhat after crushing, it releases water quickly due to the large pore size and is unstable. In order to realize light heat insulation, the porosity of common clay or fly ash ceramsite sand is very high, but the pores are basically closed, and the water absorption rate is below 15%. However, to meet the internal curing requirement, the lightweight aggregate must absorb a certain amount of water to effectively reduce self-shrinkage. Because of the low water absorption, the conventional fine lightweight aggregate must be doped in a high amount to absorb the required amount of water. However, the strength of the fine lightweight aggregate is very low, and the UHPC strength is obviously reduced due to high mixing amount, namely the coordination of the two properties is difficult to realize by the traditional fine aggregate. The sewage purification ceramsite sand has high water absorption, but has large pore size for storing the catalyst, and the UHPC water-cement ratio is small, so that water absorbed by the sewage purification ceramsite is easily lost in stirring, thereby increasing the water-cement ratio and obviously reducing the strength.
Therefore, to achieve effective internal curing in UHPC, a lightweight aggregate having a high water absorption and an appropriate pore size range must be prepared to reduce the amount of admixture, thereby ensuring strength while effectively reducing self-shrinkage; to increase the water absorption of the lightweight aggregate, it is necessary to increase the open porosity of the lightweight aggregate. The open porosity of the lightweight aggregate is closely related to the firing system and the liquid phase property. If the firing temperature is high or the amount of the liquid phase is large, most of the pores become closed pores. It is very important to control the reasonable firing temperature and the amount of the cosolvent.
The firing temperature of the lightweight aggregate depends on the composition of the materials, the selection of the pore-forming agent depends on the firing temperature, and the particle size, the doping amount and the dispersion degree of the pore-forming agent directly influence the size and the porosity of pores. Under the same doping amount and dispersion degree, the pore-forming agent has small particle size, reduced pore size and increased pores with effective pore diameter. The particle size of the lightweight aggregate also affects the porosity, and the particle size decreases and the porosity decreases.
The water release of the lightweight aggregate must match the self-contraction change law of UHPC, i.e. provide more water when the contraction is large and a small amount of water when the contraction is small. This relates to the matching of the UHPC pores to the pores of the lightweight aggregate. The pores of UHPC are mainly concentrated below 50nm, the pores of the lightweight aggregate should be larger than the size, and the particle size of the commonly used pore-forming agent is dozens of microns, so that the pore size of the lightweight aggregate is larger, namely, the nano-scale pore-forming agent is needed.
Therefore, the aperture of the lightweight aggregate is designed according to the aperture range of UHPC and the self-contraction change characteristic so as to control the reasonable aperture range and porosity and smoothly release the required water quantity when needed. This requires the preparation process to be controlled in terms of appropriate material composition, calcination system, and pore-forming agent type and particle size.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art and meet the requirement of the internal curing of the ultra-high performance concrete, the invention provides a lightweight aggregate for the internal curing of the ultra-high performance concrete and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a porous aggregate for the internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete is prepared by calcining bauxite tailings serving as a main raw material, silica fume serving as a component regulator and nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide serving as pore-forming agents to prepare a lightweight aggregate;
SiO of the component regulator silica fume2The content is not less than 95%, and the specific surface area is more than 15000kg/m2；
The purity of the nano carbon powder and the nano iron oxide is not less than 98%, the particle size is less than 100nm, and the doping amount is 35-45%, wherein the mass ratio of the nano carbon powder to the nano iron oxide is 1: 0.7-1: 0.9;
the particle size of the lightweight aggregate is 1-2mm, the water absorption rate is not less than 25%, the pore diameter is less than 200nm, and the pores with the particle size of 50-100nm account for 70-80%;
The preparation method of the porous aggregate for the internal curing of the ultra-high performance concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing bauxite tailings, silica fume, nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide in proportion by adding water, and preparing a raw material ball with the diameter of 1-2mm after uniformly mixing;
step 2: airing the raw material balls prepared in the step 1 indoors until the water content is lower than 10%, and then drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight;
and 3, step 3: calcining the small balls dried in the step 2 at 850-1000 ℃ for 5-20min, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the required lightweight aggregate.
Step 1, adopting silica fume to adjust the content of silicon and aluminum (Al) in the bauxite tailings2O3At 35-50%) to Al2O3The content is 15-25 percent, SiO255-75% of nano carbon powder and 35-45% of nano carbon powder are mixedThe nano ferric oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon powder to the ferric oxide is 1: 0.7-1: 0.9; after being mixed evenly, the mixture is made into balls, dried and calcined.
The lightweight aggregate disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the lightweight aggregate well overcomes the defects of the traditional lightweight aggregate in UHPC internal curing, has high water absorption rate and small aperture, effectively reduces the self-shrinkage and strength loss rate of UHPC, and is beneficial to improving the engineering performance and promoting popularization and application. (2) The light aggregate of the invention adopts main raw materials of bauxite tailings and silica fume, which are industrial waste materials, and realizes the resource utilization of the waste materials. (3) UHPC is the representative of the next generation concrete, the lightweight aggregate of the invention improves the cracking and maintains the strength, and related enterprises can be promoted to preferentially adopt the lightweight aggregate of the invention, thus having wide market and bringing great economic benefit to production enterprises.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by taking bauxite tailings as main raw materials to prepare the lightweight aggregate for UHPC internal curing as an example:
example 1
Step 1: the mass ratio of the silica fume to the bauxite tailings is 2: 3, doping nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide accounting for 35% of the total mass of the silica fume and the bauxite tailings, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon powder to the iron oxide is 1: 0.7 of the total weight of the mixture; adding water, mixing, pelletizing, drying and calcining.
And 2, step: grinding the bauxite tailings to be less than 75 micrometers; SiO in silica fume2The content is 97 percent, and the specific surface area is not less than 20000kg/m2(ii) a The purity of the nano carbon powder and the nano ferric oxide is 99 percent, and the grain diameter is less than 100 nm.
And step 3: bauxite tailings, silica fume, nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide are mixed with water according to a proportion, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to prepare a raw material ball with the diameter of 1 mm.
And 4, step 4: the raw material balls are dried indoors until the water content is lower than 10 percent, and then dried to constant weight at 105 ℃.
And 5: the dried pellets were calcined at 900 ℃ for 10min and then cooled to room temperature.
Example 2
Step 1: the mass ratio of the silica fume to the bauxite tailings is 1: 2, doping nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide which account for 40% of the total mass of the silica fume and the bauxite tailings, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon powder to the iron oxide is 1: 0.9; after being mixed evenly, the mixture is made into balls, dried and calcined.
And 2, step: grinding the bauxite tailings to be less than 75 micrometers; SiO in silica fume2Content of 98%, specific surface area not less than 25000kg/m2(ii) a The purity of the nano carbon powder and the nano ferric oxide is 99 percent, and the grain diameter is less than 100 nm.
And 3, step 3: bauxite tailings, silica fume, nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide are mixed with water according to a proportion, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to prepare raw material balls with the diameter of 2 mm.
And 4, step 4: the raw material balls are dried indoors until the water content is lower than 10 percent, and then dried to constant weight at 105 ℃.
And 5: the dried pellets were calcined at 950 ℃ for 15min and then cooled to room temperature.
The properties of the lightweight aggregate produced by the present invention are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 lightweight aggregate Properties
| Water absorption/%) | Pore size range/nm | 50-100nm well/%) | Rate of change of UHPC Strength/% | Inhibition of self-shrinkage of UHPC% | |
| Example 1 | 31 | 10-150 | 78 | ↑ 5 | 75 |
| Example 2 | 34 | 10-200 | 72 | ↑ 2 | 70 |
The present invention has the following effects: (1) the lightweight aggregate of the invention well overcomes the defects of the traditional lightweight aggregate in UHPC internal curing, has higher water absorption rate and smaller aperture, effectively reduces the self-shrinkage and strength loss rate of UHPC, and is beneficial to improving the engineering performance and promoting popularization and application. (2) The light aggregate of the invention adopts main raw materials of bauxite tailings and silica fume, which are industrial waste materials, and realizes the resource utilization of the waste materials. (3) UHPC is the representative of the next generation concrete, the lightweight aggregate of the invention improves the cracking and maintains the strength, and related enterprises can be promoted to preferentially adopt the lightweight aggregate of the invention, thus having wide market and bringing great economic benefit to production enterprises.
Claims (6)
1. A porous aggregate for internal curing of ultrahigh-performance concrete is prepared from bauxite tailings as main raw material, silica fume as component regulator, nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide as pore-forming agent through calcining.
2. The porous aggregate for ultra-high performance concrete internal curing of claim 1, wherein: SiO of the component regulator silica fume2The content is not less than 95%Surface area of no less than 15000kg/m2。
3. The porous aggregate for ultra-high performance concrete internal curing of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the nano carbon powder and the nano iron oxide is not less than 98%, the particle size is less than 100nm, and the mixing amount is 35-45%, wherein the mass ratio of the nano carbon powder to the nano iron oxide is 1: 0.7-1: 0.9.
4. The porous aggregate for ultra-high performance concrete internal curing of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the lightweight aggregate is 1-2mm, the water absorption is not less than 25%, the pore diameter is less than 200nm, and the pores with the diameter of 50-100nm account for 70-80%.
5. The method for preparing a porous aggregate for use in the internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
Step 1: mixing bauxite tailings, silica fume, nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide in proportion by adding water, and preparing a raw material ball with the diameter of 1-2mm after uniformly mixing;
step 2: airing the raw material balls prepared in the step 1 indoors until the water content is lower than 10%, and then drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight;
and 3, step 3: calcining the pellets dried in the step 2 at 850-1000 ℃ for 5-20min, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the required lightweight aggregate.
6. The method for preparing a porous aggregate for use in the internal curing of ultra-high performance concrete according to the step 1 of claim 1, wherein:
in the step 1, the content of silicon and aluminum (Al) in the bauxite tailings is adjusted by adopting silica fume2O3At 35-50%) to Al2O3The content is 15-25 percent, SiO2The content is 55-75%, and 35-45% of nano carbon powder and nano iron oxide are doped, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon powder to the iron oxide is 1: 0.7-1: 0.9; after being mixed evenly, the mixture is made into balls, dried and calcined.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115974439A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-04-18 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Concrete internal curing micro-ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
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