CN114751722A - Method for preparing ceramsite filter material by synergistic utilization of solid waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing ceramsite filter material by synergistic utilization of solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011022 opal Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001625808 Trona Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/06—Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
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- C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste in a synergistic manner, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the solid waste is low in doping amount, high-alumina fly ash is not adopted, and a high-performance ceramsite filter material is prepared. The method comprises the following processing steps: s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing a ceramsite filter material from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying the red mud and the sludge in the sun, and grinding to obtain red mud and sludge powder; s2, mixing 65-80% of high-alumina fly ash, 5-25% of red mud and 5-20% of sludge, and uniformly stirring the mixed materials in a mixer; s3, spraying water for granulation to prepare the ceramsite filter material raw material ball. The prepared filter material has high strength, high porosity, large specific surface area, strong acid and alkali corrosion resistance, is basically insoluble in acid-base solution and can be recycled, all indexes of the filter material such as mud content and the like meet the standard requirements of CJ/T299-2008 'artificial ceramsite filter material for water treatment', and the filter material is a high-quality filter material product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste recycling, in particular to a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste in a synergistic manner.
Background
The ceramsite filter material is a spherical artificial filter material. How to produce ceramsite filter materials with excellent properties by utilizing solid wastes as much as possible is a hot point of research in recent years. The energy consumption of China is mainly coal, a large amount of fly ash is discharged every year, and the environmental problems caused by the fly ash are particularly prominent in northwest areas mainly thermal power generation. Although more researches are made in the aspect of preparing ceramsite by utilizing fly ash in recent years, the fly ash has low plasticity, a large amount of binder needs to be added, the cost is higher, and the volume weight is larger. The red mud is a main solid waste generated in the production of alumina, and the Bayer process red mud has high alkali content, so that the Bayer process red mud is difficult to be directly applied to the construction industry, is mainly stockpiled at present, and has high cost, environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.
The red mud is detected to contain high iron oxide and sodium oxide, and the red mud and the fly ash are used for preparing the ceramsite filter material, so that the functions of adjusting chemical components of the raw material and reducing sintering temperature can be achieved, and the red mud has certain cohesiveness and is beneficial to balling of the raw material. The volume weight of the ceramsite filter material prepared directly from the fly ash and the red mud is still higher, and the porosity is small. The sludge is solid waste discharged by water treatment, the content of organic matters in the sludge is high, the sludge can be used as a pore-forming agent, the volume weight of a ceramsite filter material is reduced, and the plasticity of the sludge is high, so that the method is very favorable for increasing the strength of raw material balls.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, and aims to solve the technical problems that the high-alumina fly ash is not adopted for preparation in the prior art, and a preparation method of the ceramsite filter material with better performance is adopted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by solid-waste synergistic utilization, which comprises the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing a ceramsite filter material from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying the red mud and the sludge in the sun, and grinding to obtain red mud and sludge powder;
s2, mixing according to 65-80% of high-alumina fly ash, 5-25% of red mud and 5-20% of sludge, and putting the prepared mixed material into a mixer to be uniformly stirred;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials to a disc granulator, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5 sintering the raw material balls according to a certain process to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
Alternatively or preferably, the chemical composition of the high-alumina fly ash is required to be as follows: 40-50% Al2O3、47-60％SiO2、 2-5％Fe2O34-7% CaO and 1% S03The loss on ignition of the high-alumina fly ash is less than or equal to 1 percent.
Alternatively or preferably, the chemical components in the red mud are required as follows: 15-25% of Al2O3、18-25％SiO2、20-30％Fe2O3And 4-8% of CaO, wherein the loss on ignition of the red mud is 10-20%, and the plasticity index is 5-7.
Optionally or preferably, the sludge is pharmaceutical sludge, which mainly comprises the following chemical components: 10-13% of Al2O3、7-15％SiO2、 12-22％Fe2O3And 6-15% of CaO, wherein the loss on ignition of the sludge is 40-50%.
Optionally or preferably, in step S1, the high-alumina fly ash has a particle size of 45 μm and a screen residue of 35% or less, and the red mud and sludge are dried and ground to prepare a powder material having a water content of 5% or less and a particle size of 100 μm or less.
Optionally or preferably, the liquid used in the water-spraying granulation in step S3 is a mixture of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, and 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added to each liter of water.
Optionally or preferably, the raw material ball prepared in the step S3 has a particle size of 3-8mm and a water content of 10-20%.
Optionally or preferably, the sintering in the step S5 includes preheating the raw material balls at 500 ℃ for 10-30min at 400-.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) according to the method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and synergistic utilization, provided by the invention, the high-alumina fly ash, the red mud and the sludge used for preparing the filter material are all solid wastes, and the problems of large occupied area of the fly ash and high treatment cost are solved. Realizes the cooperative utilization of various solid waste resources, improves the utilization rate of the solid waste resources, really realizes the purpose of changing waste into valuable, and brings huge environmental benefits.
(2) The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, provided by the invention, adopts high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge as raw materials, is supplemented with a small amount of additives, and prepares a ceramsite filter material product with good performance by adjusting the raw material proportion and process parameters. The filter material has high strength, high porosity, large specific surface area, strong acid and alkali corrosion resistance, is basically insoluble in acid-base solution and can be recycled, and all indexes of the filter material, such as mud content and the like, meet the standard requirements of CJ/T299-2008 'artificial ceramsite filter material for water treatment', and is a high-quality filter material product.
(3) The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid wastes in a synergistic manner, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple process method, strong operability, high product yield, environmental friendliness and wide application range.
(4) According to the method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and synergistic utilization, the main raw materials for preparing the ceramsite filter material are all solid waste, and the high-alumina fly ash is raw ash and does not need processing treatment. The red mud and the sludge come from the same industrial park, and are cheap and easily available. The additive has low dosage and low cost. Compared with the similar products in the market, the method has the advantages of low raw material price and higher market competitiveness.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more fully described below, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail and completely, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and features in the following embodiments and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, which comprises the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing a ceramsite filter material from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying the red mud and the sludge in the sun, and grinding to obtain red mud and sludge powder;
s2, mixing 65-80% of high-alumina fly ash, 5-25% of red mud and 5-20% of sludge, and uniformly stirring the mixed materials in a mixer;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials to a disc granulator, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5, sintering the raw filter material balls according to a certain process to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
The high-alumina fly ash is generally fly ash with A10+ SiO + FeO being more than or equal to 80%, and is characterized by containing A10 which is more than 38% generally and more than 50% even, which is equivalent to the A10 content of gibbsite ore abroad, and abundant aluminum-containing minerals exist in part of coal resources in the midwest part of inner Mongolia and the northern part of Shanxi, and the content of alumina in the fly ash generated after power generation reaches 40-50%, so that the high-alumina fly ash is a precious aluminum-containing resource with higher economic development value.
The red mud is pollution waste residue discharged when aluminum oxide is extracted in the aluminum industry, and generally 1.0-2.0 tons of red mud are additionally generated when 1 ton of aluminum oxide is produced on average. Wherein the main minerals are aragonite and calcite with the content of 60-65%, and the secondary minerals are opal, gibbsite and goethite, and the minimum minerals are titanium ore, siderite, trona, water glass, sodium aluminate and caustic soda. Among the ores, aragonite, calcite and siderite are not only skeletons, but also have a certain cementing function; and goethite, gibbsite, opal and water glass play a role in cementing and filling.
The sludge is pharmaceutical factory sludge, and the conventional treatment method comprises the following treatment steps: firstly, the landfill of the refuse plant is not easy to compact due to the poor dehydration, so that the method mud is rarely used in the refuse plant at present; secondly, preparing fertilizer, namely dehydrating and drying sludge under the condition of meeting the sludge agricultural limit value specified by the state, adding a certain nutrient, and packaging and selling; thirdly, the method is used for the incineration of the coal blended in the power plant, which is a more environment-friendly treatment mode and has the defect of low cost performance; and the method is not advocated in the state at present, and secondary pollution exists.
As an alternative embodiment, the chemical components in the high-alumina fly ash are required as follows: 40-50% Al2O3、 47-60％SiO2、2-5％Fe2O34-7% CaO and 1% S03The loss on ignition of the high-alumina fly ash is less than or equal to 1 percent.
As an optional embodiment, the chemical components in the red mud are required as follows: 15-25% Al2O3、18-25％SiO2、 20-30％Fe2O3CaO in an amount of 4-8%, the loss on ignition of the red mud is 10-20%, and the plasticity isThe index is 5-7.
As an alternative embodiment, the sludge is pharmaceutical factory sludge, which mainly comprises the following chemical components: 10-13% Al2O3、 7-15％SiO2、12-22％Fe2O3And 6-15% of CaO, wherein the loss on ignition of the sludge is 40-50%.
As an optional implementation manner, in step S1, the high-alumina fly ash has a particle size of 45 μm and a screen residue of 35% or less, and the red mud and the sludge raw material are dried and ground to prepare a powder material with a water content of 5% or less and a particle size of 100 μm or less.
As an optional embodiment, the liquid used in the water-spraying granulation in step S3 is a mixed liquid of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, and 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added to each liter of water.
As an optional implementation manner, the raw material ball prepared in the step S3 has a particle size of 3-8mm and a water content of 10-20%.
As an optional implementation manner, the sintering in the step S5 includes preheating the raw material balls at 400-.
The chemical components of the raw materials adopted in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the application are detected and analyzed, in particular to Al2O3、SiO2、 Fe2O3CaO and S03The results of the detection of the index are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Main Performance index of the raw materials
Example 1
1.1 preparation method
The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, which comprises the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing ceramsite filter materials from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying and grinding the red mud and the sludge to obtain red mud and sludge powder, wherein the granularity of the high-alumina fly ash is 45 mu m, the screen allowance is less than or equal to 35%, the red mud and the sludge raw materials are dried and ground to prepare powder with the water content less than or equal to 5% and the granularity less than or equal to 100 mu m;
s2, blending according to 70% of high-alumina fly ash, 13% of red mud and 11% of sludge, and putting the blended mixture into a mixer to be uniformly stirred;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials into a disc granulator, and performing water spray granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls, wherein the liquid adopted by the water spray granulation is a mixed liquid of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added into each liter of water, and the prepared raw material balls have the particle size of 5mm and the water content of 10-20%;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at 120 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5 sintering the raw material balls according to a certain process, drying at 25-200 ℃ for 10-20min, preheating at 500 ℃ for 15min, sintering at 1210 ℃ for 18min, and slowly cooling to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
1.2 product index
Various performance indexes (such as density, bulk density, apparent density, void ratio, breakage rate, wear rate, mud content, hydrochloric acid solubility and specific surface area) of the ceramsite filter material prepared in the example 1 are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 performance index of ceramsite filter material of example 1
Example 2
2.1 preparation method
The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by solid-waste synergistic utilization, which comprises the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing a ceramsite filter material from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying and grinding the red mud and the sludge to obtain red mud and sludge powder, wherein the granularity of the high-alumina fly ash is 45 mu m, the screen allowance is less than or equal to 35%, the water content of the prepared powder is less than or equal to 5%, and the granularity is less than or equal to 100 mu m after drying and grinding the raw materials of the red mud and the sludge;
s2, mixing 65% of high-alumina fly ash, 15% of red mud and 20% of sludge, and uniformly stirring the mixed materials in a mixer;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials to a disc granulator, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls, wherein the liquid adopted by the water spraying granulation is a mixed liquid of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added into each liter of water, and the prepared raw material balls have the particle size of 3-8mm and the water content of 10-20%;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5, sintering the raw material balls of the filter material according to a certain process, drying at 25-200 ℃ for 10-20min, preheating at 400-1250 ℃ for 10-30min, sintering at 1150-1250 ℃ for 10-20min, and slowly cooling to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
2.2 product index
Various performance indexes (such as density, bulk density, apparent density, void ratio, breakage rate, wear rate, mud content, hydrochloric acid solubility and specific surface area) of the ceramsite filter material prepared in the example 1 are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3 performance index of ceramsite filter material of example 2
Example 3
3.1 preparation method
The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, which comprises the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing ceramsite filter materials from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying and grinding the red mud and the sludge to obtain red mud and sludge powder, wherein the granularity of the high-alumina fly ash is 45 mu m, the screen allowance is less than or equal to 35%, the red mud and the sludge raw materials are dried and ground to prepare powder with the water content less than or equal to 5% and the granularity less than or equal to 100 mu m;
s2, mixing 80% of high-alumina fly ash, 5% of red mud and 15% of sludge, and uniformly stirring the mixed materials in a mixer;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials to a disc granulator, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls, wherein the liquid adopted by the water spraying granulation is a mixed liquid of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added into each liter of water, and the prepared raw material balls have the particle size of 3-8mm and the water content of 10-20%;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5, sintering the raw material balls of the filter material according to a certain process, drying at 25-200 ℃ for 10-20min, preheating at 400-1250 ℃ for 10-30min, sintering at 1150-1250 ℃ for 10-20min, and slowly cooling to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
3.2 product index
The performance indexes (such as density, bulk density, apparent density, porosity, breakage rate, wear rate, mud content, hydrochloric acid solubility, and specific surface area) of the ceramsite filter material prepared in the example 3 are shown in the following table 4
TABLE 4 performance index of ceramsite filter material of example 3
Product inspection
The experiment is carried out on the sewage of a certain pharmaceutical factory, the COD concentration of the sewage of the pharmaceutical factory is 3120mg/L, the BOD concentration is 2100, and the SS concentration is 500mg/L, the ceramsite products prepared in the examples 1-3 are applied to the sewage treatment system of the pharmaceutical factory to replace the original bioplastic balls, and compared with the original bioplastic balls of the system, and the specific results of the COD, the BOD and the SS concentrations in the treated sewage are as shown in the following table:
| detecting parameters | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative biological ball |
| COD concentration (mg/L) | 210 | 110 | 135 | 240 |
| BOD concentration (mg/L) | 204 | 130 | 176 | 150 |
| SS concentration (mg/L) | 15 | 19 | 18 | 22 |
The data in the table easily show that the ceramsite prepared by the method has the advantages of good operation, low damage rate, strong adsorption capacity, slow aging degree, strong degradation capacity, simple process method, strong operability, high product yield, environmental friendliness and wide application range.
Meanwhile, according to the method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and synergistic utilization, the high-alumina fly ash, the red mud and the sludge used for preparing the filter material are all solid wastes, and the problems of large occupied area of the fly ash and high treatment cost are solved. Realizes the cooperative utilization of various solid waste resources, improves the utilization rate of the solid waste resources, really realizes the purpose of changing waste into valuable, and brings huge environmental benefits.
In addition, the method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner, which is provided by the invention, adopts high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge as raw materials, is supplemented with a small amount of additives, and prepares a ceramsite filter material product with good performance by adjusting the raw material proportion and process parameters. The filter material has high strength, high porosity, large specific surface area, strong acid and alkali corrosion resistance, is basically insoluble in acid-base solution and can be recycled, and all indexes of the filter material, such as mud content and the like, meet the standard requirements of CJ/T299-2008 'artificial ceramsite filter material for water treatment', and is a high-quality filter material product.
In addition, according to the method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and synergistic utilization, the main raw materials for preparing the ceramsite filter material are all solid waste, and the high-alumina fly ash is raw ash and does not need processing treatment. The red mud and the sludge come from the same industrial park, and are cheap and easily available. The additive has low dosage and low cost. Compared with the similar products in the market, the method has the advantages of low raw material price and higher market competitiveness.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps of:
s1, pretreating raw materials, namely preparing a ceramsite filter material from high-alumina fly ash, red mud and sludge, drying the red mud and the sludge in the sun, and grinding to obtain red mud and sludge powder;
s2, mixing 65-80% of high-alumina fly ash, 5-25% of red mud and 5-20% of sludge, and uniformly stirring the mixed materials in a mixer;
s3, conveying the uniformly stirred materials to a disc granulator, and performing water spraying granulation to prepare ceramsite filter material raw material balls;
s4, drying the raw material balls of the filter material at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and sieving the dried filter material;
s5, sintering the raw filter material balls according to a certain process to obtain the ceramsite filter material product.
2. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste synergistically as claimed in claim 1, wherein the requirements for chemical components in the high-alumina fly ash are as follows: 40-50% Al2O3、47-60%SiO2、2-5%Fe2O34-7% CaO and 1% S03The loss on ignition of the high-alumina fly ash is less than or equal to 1 percent.
3. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing the solid waste in a synergistic manner according to claim 1, wherein the red mud comprises the following chemical components: 15-25% Al2O3、18-25%SiO2、20-30%Fe2O3And 4-8% of CaO, wherein the loss on ignition of the red mud is 10-20%, and the plasticity index is 5-7.
4. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing the solid waste synergistically as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sludge is pharmaceutical factory sludge and mainly comprises the following chemical components: 10-13% of Al2O3、7-15%SiO2、12-22%Fe2O3And 6-15% of CaO, wherein the loss on ignition of the sludge is 40-50%.
5. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step S1, the sieve residue of the high-alumina fly ash with the particle size of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 35%, the red mud and the sludge raw material are dried and ground, the water content of the prepared powder is less than or equal to 5%, and the particle size is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
6. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the liquid adopted in the water spraying granulation in the step S3 is a mixed liquid of water glass, potassium hydroxide and sodium stearate, and 10g of water glass, 20g of potassium hydroxide and 15g of sodium stearate are added into each liter of water.
7. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material ball prepared in the step S3 has the grain diameter of 3-8mm and the water content of 10-20%.
8. The method for preparing the ceramsite filter material by utilizing solid waste and waste in a synergistic manner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sintering in the step S5 comprises preheating the raw material balls at the temperature of 400-.
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Application publication date: 20220715 |