CN114747414A

CN114747414A - Davidia involucrata seedling method

Info

Publication number: CN114747414A
Application number: CN202210290571.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨敬元; 熊欢欢; 姜治国; 余辉亮; 金胶胶; 李友志
Original assignee: Shennongjia National Park Research Institute
Current assignee: Shennongjia National Park Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-03-23
Filing date: 2022-03-23
Publication date: 2022-07-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive trees in the technical field of planting, which comprises the following steps of 1) selecting seeds; step 2), preparing a culture substrate; step 3), making seedling pits; step 4), making seed scales; step 5), seed cultivation; step 6) watering and finding out bud points; step 7), soil disinfection; step 8), raising seedlings of seeds; and 9) transplanting seedlings. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the planting and seedling raising process of the Davidia involucrata can meet the large-scale seedling raising requirement, the seedling raising success rate is high, the cost for purchasing various materials in the seedling raising process is low, the overall seedling raising cost is reduced, and the large-scale seedling raising requirement is further facilitated.

Description

Davidia involucrata seedling growing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a Chinese dive tree seedling raising method.

Background

The Davidia involucrata is a fallen leaf arbor, and the height of the Davidia involucrata can reach 25 meters; the bark is dark gray or dark brown, is often split into irregular thin slices to fall off, the young branches are cylindrical, the winter buds are conical, have oval scales, are often arranged in a tile shape, have leaf paper, are grown alternately, have no supporting leaves, have wide oval or nearly circular leaves, have bright green upper surfaces, are densely covered by faint yellow or light white filiform coarse hairs on the lower surfaces, have cylindrical leaf stalks, have the same plants with male flowers, are positioned at the top ends of inflorescences, the male flowers surround the peripheries of the male flowers, have paper, rectangular round oval or rectangular round inverted oval petal-shaped bracts at the base parts, are light green, are changed into milky white, have no calyx and petals of the male flowers, have fine filaments, have no hairs, and have elliptic and purple anthers; the top end of the ovary is provided with a degenerated quilt and short stamens, the style is thick and strong, the fruit is long-oval stone fruit, the fruit stem is thick and strong, the fruit is cylindrical, the fruit blooms in the period of 4 months and the fruit comes in the period of 10 months, the Davidia involucrata is listed as a national primary important protection wild plant, is a unique Chinese single plant, belongs to wiggery plants, is also a world famous ornamental plant, and is a national primary protection plant.

At present, the planting process of the Davidia involucrata Baill is single, and the seedling emergence success rate is not high, so that the planting popularity of the Davidia involucrata Baill is influenced.

Based on the above, the invention designs a Chinese dive tree seedling raising method to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for breeding Chinese dive tree, which aims to solve the problems that the planting process of the existing Chinese dive tree in the background art is single, the seedling emergence success rate is not high, and the planting popularity of the Chinese dive tree is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for breeding Davidia involucrata seedlings comprises the following steps:

step 1), selecting seeds: selecting naturally mature and fallen fruits, carrying out decay treatment on the fruits, and then taking out seeds as seeds selected for seedling culture;

step 2) preparing a culture substrate: selecting soil mixed with a small amount of river sand, using urine to pour and soak the soil thoroughly, and then standing the soil for 2 to 3 weeks;

step 3), making seedling growing pits: digging a pit and paving a layer of river sand at the bottom of the pit, wherein the thickness of the river sand is 10 cm;

step 4), seed scale making: picking up strobilus Pini of Pinus armandi, taking the seed scale, and composting in shade for 2-3 years;

step 5) seed cultivation: placing the seeds selected in the step 1 in the soil prepared in the step 2, wrapping the seeds with soil, then placing the seeds in a big mesh bag, then paving a layer of the soil prepared in the step 2 on the surface of a seedling growing pit, wherein the thickness of the soil is 10cm, then paving the seeds on the soil, paving the soil prepared in the step 2 on the seeds, wherein the thickness of the soil is 10cm, paving the seed scales prepared in the step 4 on the soil, wherein the thickness of the seed scales is 30cm, and watering the seeds thoroughly;

step 6) watering and checking the germination point: watering regularly, and checking the sprouting condition every other year;

step 7) soil disinfection: mixing humus soil with soil and river sand, then disinfecting the mixed soil, and paving the disinfected soil on a tray with the paving thickness of 15 cm;

step 8) seed seedling raising: taking out the germinated seeds about the first ten days of 2 months, inserting the germinated seeds with upward germination holes into the mixed soil obtained in the step (7), spreading a layer of the mixed soil obtained in the step (7) on the seeds, wherein the thickness of the mixed soil is 7-8cm, and thoroughly watering;

and 9) transplanting seedlings.

In the above method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, step 1 includes the following specific contents:

step 1.1) picking up naturally mature and fallen fruits with full pulp at the beginning of 11 months, putting the fruits into a snake skin bag, placing the snake skin bag in a dark and moist place, and spraying water to keep moist all the time;

step 1.2) taking out the seeds after the pulp is softened and in a mature and rotten state after 2 to 3 weeks, putting the seeds into a seed mesh bag, and manually rubbing and washing the seeds to remove the pulp;

and 1.3) after the pulp is cleaned, drying the seeds in the air, placing the seeds on a freezing layer of a refrigerator, and placing the seeds for 1 month.

In the method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, in the step 2, 200 g of river sand is mixed with 1 kg of soil.

In the above method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, in step 2, the ratio of urine to soil is 1 kg of soil: 400-500ml urine.

In the method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, the watering step in the step 6 comprises watering once at intervals of about 15 days in autumn and winter, and watering once at intervals of about 10 days in summer.

In the method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, humus in the step 7 is mixed with general soil and river sand according to the ratio of 2:1:1, and the mixed soil is disinfected by spraying carbendazim and exposing to sunlight.

In the above method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree, in step 9, after the seedlings have grown true leaves in the middle and last ten days of 4 months, the rate of emergence can reach 95-97%, and the seedlings can be transplanted at this time and can emerge after 2-3 years.

In the method for raising davidia involucrata seedlings, when the culture medium is prepared in step 2), firstly, relatively dry soil is selected, the soil is crushed and sieved, the sieved fine particle size is not more than 2mm, then 0.1 weight of river sand in the soil is mixed into the sieved fine soil, then potassium permanganate with the weight being 0.05 time of that of the soil is poured into the river sand and the soil for preliminary mixing and stirring, then urine is poured into the stirred mixed soil, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 2-3 weeks.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the planting and seedling raising process of the Davidia involucrata can meet the large-scale seedling raising requirement, the seedling raising success rate is high, the cost for purchasing various materials in the seedling raising process is low, the overall seedling raising cost is reduced, and the large-scale seedling raising requirement is further facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of embodiment 1 in the method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive trees of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding davidia involucrata, 1: picking up naturally mature and full fruit in 11 months, placing into snake skin bag, and placing in dark and humid place; water is sprayed frequently to keep moist;

2: after 2-3 weeks, taking out the seeds and the pulp in a seed bag for manual rubbing and washing after the pulp is softened and matured and rotten, and removing the pulp;

3: after the pulp is cleaned, drying the seeds, placing the seeds on a freezing layer of a refrigerator, and placing the seeds for about 1 month;

4: picking up strobilus Pini, collecting seed scale, and composting in shade for 2-3 years;

5: soil dug from a mountain is prepared, a small amount of river sand (approximately 1 kg of soil mixed with 200 g of river sand) is mixed, the soil is drenched with adult urine, and approximately 1 kg of soil is taken: mixing 400-500ml urine at a certain ratio (only enough to be poured completely, but not very accurate), and standing for about 2-3 weeks;

6: selecting a slightly-gradient part under a forest to dig a pit, wherein the length, the width and the height are about 1 m, and a layer of river sand is paved at the bottom and the thickness is about 10 cm;

7: taking out the seeds treated in the step (3), taking a plurality of soils treated in the step (5), wetting the soils with water to form a mud sample if the soils are dry, wrapping the seeds with soil, wrapping the seeds with a thin layer, and placing the seeds in a big mesh bag;

8: flatly paving the seeds filled in the step 7 in the dug pit, and paving a layer of soil mixed in the step 5 on the dug pit, wherein the thickness of the soil is about 10 cm; spreading the seeds processed in the step 7 on the soil, spreading a layer of the soil mixed in the step 5 on the seeds, wherein the thickness of the soil is about 10cm, spreading a layer of the seed scales in the step 4, wherein the thickness of the seed scales is about 30cm, and watering the seeds thoroughly;

9: watering for water permeating once in 15 days in autumn and winter, watering for water permeating once in about 10 days in summer, checking the budding condition after one year and 12 months, and then growing bud points on most of the buds;

10: mixing humus soil, general soil and river sand according to the ratio of 2:1:1, and disinfecting the mixed soil by spraying carbendazim and exposing to sunlight; spreading the sterilized soil in a tray to a thickness of about 15 cm;

11: taking out the seeds in the step 9 about the last ten days of 2 months, inserting the seeds into the soil in the step 10 with the germination holes facing upwards, spreading a layer of soil sterilized in the step 10 with the thickness of about 7-8cm on the seeds, and thoroughly watering;

13: after the seedlings grow true leaves in the middle and last ten days of 4 months, the emergence rate can reach 95-97% (wherein 3-4 germination holes are formed in each seed, most seeds can germinate), the seedlings can be transplanted, and the seedlings can emerge after 2-3 years.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding davidia involucrata, 1: picking up naturally mature and fallen fruits with plump pulp at the beginning of 11 months, putting the fruits into a snake skin bag, and placing the snake skin bag in a dark and humid place; spraying water frequently to keep moist;

5: firstly, selecting relatively dry soil, crushing and screening the soil, wherein the screened fine particle size is not more than 2mm, then mixing 0.1 river sand weighted by the soil into the screened fine soil, then pouring potassium permanganate with the weight 0.05 times of that of the soil into the river sand and the soil, carrying out primary mixing and stirring, then pouring urine into the stirred mixed soil, and standing for 2-3 weeks, so that the emergence rate is ensured by screening the soil, and in addition, harmful bacteria and pests in the soil can be eliminated by adding potassium permanganate, and the root propagation rate is improved;

8: flatly paving the seeds filled in the step 7 in the dug pit, and paving a layer of soil mixed in the step 5 on the dug pit, wherein the thickness of the soil is about 10 cm; spreading the seeds processed in the step 7 on the surface, spreading a layer of soil mixed in the step 5 with the thickness of about 10cm on the seeds, spreading a layer of seed scales in the step 4 with the thickness of about 30cm, and watering thoroughly;

10: mixing humus soil, general soil and river sand according to the ratio of 2:1:1, and disinfecting the mixed soil by spraying carbendazim and exposing to sunlight; spreading the disinfected soil in a tray to a thickness of about 15 cm;

13: after the seedlings grow true leaves in the middle and last ten days of 4 months, the seedling emergence rate can reach 95-97% (wherein 3-4 germination holes are formed in each seed, most of the seedlings can germinate), the seedlings can be transplanted, and the seedlings can emerge after 2-3 years.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding Davidia involucrata seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1) selecting seeds: selecting naturally mature and fallen fruits, carrying out decay treatment on the fruits, and then taking out seeds as seeds selected for seedling culture;

step 2), preparation of a culture substrate: selecting soil mixed with a small amount of river sand, using urine to pour and soak the soil thoroughly, and then standing the soil for 2 to 3 weeks;

step 4), making seed scales: picking up strobilus Pini of Pinus armandi, taking the seed scale, and composting in shade for 2-3 years;

step 7) soil disinfection: mixing humus soil, soil and river sand, disinfecting the mixed soil, and paving the disinfected soil on a tray with the paving thickness of 15 cm;

step 8) seed seedling raising: taking out the germinated seeds in the first ten days of 2 months, inserting the germinated seeds into the mixed soil obtained in the step (7) with the germination holes facing upwards, spreading a layer of the mixed soil obtained in the step (7) on the seeds, wherein the thickness of the mixed soil is 7-8cm, and thoroughly watering the seeds;

and 9) seedling emergence and transplanting.

2. The method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following specific steps:

3. The method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree according to claim 1, characterized in that when the culture medium is prepared in step 2), firstly, dry soil is selected, the soil is crushed and sieved, the sieved fine particle size is not larger than 2mm, then 0.1 weight of river sand in the soil is mixed into the sieved fine soil, then potassium permanganate with the weight of 0.05 time of that of the soil is poured into the river sand and the soil for preliminary mixing and stirring, then the urine is poured into the mixed soil after stirring, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 2-3 weeks.

4. The method for raising seedlings of Chinese dive tree according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the ratio of the river sand to the soil is 1 kg of soil mixed with 200 g of river sand.

5. The method for raising a dive tree seedling of claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the ratio of urine to soil is 1 kg of soil: 400-500ml urine.

6. The method of raising a seedling of Chinese dive tree according to claim 1, wherein the watering step in step 6 comprises watering the seedlings once every 15 days in autumn and winter, and watering the seedlings once every 10 days in summer.

7. The method of raising a dive tree seedling according to claim 1, wherein humus in step 7 is mixed with general soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:1:1, and the mixed soil is disinfected by spraying carbendazim and exposing to sunlight.

8. The method for raising a seedling of davidia involucrata according to claim 1, wherein in step 9, after the seedlings have grown true leaves in late 4 months, the rate of emergence can reach 95-97%, and the seedlings can be transplanted and can emerge after 2-3 years.