CN114747413A - Method for increasing quantity of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction - Google Patents

Method for increasing quantity of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction Download PDF

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CN114747413A
CN114747413A CN202210280327.3A CN202210280327A CN114747413A CN 114747413 A CN114747413 A CN 114747413A CN 202210280327 A CN202210280327 A CN 202210280327A CN 114747413 A CN114747413 A CN 114747413A
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complex
plukenetia volubilis
gibberellin
female flowers
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朱宇林
韦敏
梁钧淞
耿晓姗
刘秦
凌晖
张玉
郭艺鹏
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Yulin Normal University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction. The plukenetia volubilis linneo is a raceme, isofloras of a male-female homosequence, the proportion of female flowers to male flowers is low, only 5-10 female flowers are on each inflorescence, and about 50-90 male flowers are on each inflorescence, so that the yield of plukenetia volubilis linneo fruits is influenced. The invention utilizes gibberellin lanthanum complex and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex solution to spray the whole plant of the plukenetia volubilis from the beginning to the young fruit development stage, the spraying amount is that liquid drops appear on the leaf surface, and the spraying is carried out once every 10 days. The method can change the number of inflorescences generated by each branch from 5-8 treated by the gibberellin lanthanum complex to 10-15, and change the number of female flowers of each inflorescence from 5-10 to 8-25. The method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, capable of being popularized in fields, capable of potentially increasing the yield of the plukenetia volubilis seeds, and good in application prospect.

Description

Method for increasing quantity of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant tissue culture method, in particular to a method for improving the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction.
Background
Plukenetia volubilis L, also called Plukenetia volubilis, Indian fruit, Indian peanut and the like, is a perennial woody vine oil plant of Euphorbiaceae, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, oleic acid and the like in the Plukenetia volubilis oil extracted from the seeds of the perennial woody vine oil plant is more than 90 percent and is obviously higher than that of other oil plants, particularly the content of essential fatty acids such as the alpha-linolenic acid accounts for 45 to 53 percent of the oil component, so the Plukenetia volubilis oil is considered as high-end plant edible oil and has wide application prospect in the fields of food, medicine, cosmetics and the like.
At present, the plukenetia volubilis industries are vigorously developed in provinces such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hainan and the like, but plukenetia volubilis which is tested in southeast of Guangxi Guizhou cannot normally bloom, the proportion of male flowers and female flowers is low, the yield of plukenetia volubilis fruits is seriously influenced, the economic benefit is low, and the industrial development of the plukenetia volubilis is not facilitated. Therefore, the method for increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction is one strategy for increasing the fruit yield of plukenetia volubilis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for inducing and increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis aiming at the defects of the prior art. According to the invention, the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex are synthesized, and the quantity of single-branch inflorescence female flowers of plukenetia volubilis is increased by inducing the complexes, so that the fruit yield is increased, and the economic benefit is increased.
The invention relates to a method for improving the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plukenetia volubilis plant which grows robustly and has the capability of forming flowers and setting fruits and is more than 5 months old, dressing farmyard manure once, and carrying out conventional cultivation management;
(2) in the stage from the beginning of flowers to the beginning of development of young fruits of plukenetia volubilis, the whole plant of plukenetia volubilis is sprayed with a mixed solution containing a gibberellin lanthanum complex and a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex, the spraying amount is suitable for the occurrence of liquid drops on leaf surfaces, and the spraying is carried out once every 10 days.
In the mixed solution in the step (2), the concentrations of the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex solution are respectively 10-20 mu mol/L;
the gibberellin lanthanum complex in the step (2) is synthesized by gibberellin and lanthanum chloride.
The method for synthesizing the gibberellin lanthanum complex in the step (2) comprises the following steps: first La2O3Dissolving in 1:1 hydrochloric acid in slight excess, adding appropriate amount of H2O2Accelerating dissolution, and heating to make residual H2O2Decomposing completely, concentrating under reduced pressure, vacuum filtering, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain crystal P2O5Drying in a drying agent until the weight is constant, and measuring La by EDTA titration method3+Determination of Cl by silver method-And determining the crystal water by thermogravimetry to verify that the crystal composition is LaCl3·6H2O; then metering the LaCl according to the chemical formula3·6H2O:GA3Weighing 1:3, dissolving lanthanum chloride and gibberellin in 95% ethanol respectively, dropwise adding 1mol/L NaOH solution into gibberellin ethanol solution to generate gibberellin sodium salt, dropwise adding gibberellin sodium solution into lanthanum chloride ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl exists-Vacuum drying to obtain solid complex; the composition of the hormone rare earth complex is La (GA) proved by element analysis, mass spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectrum, X photoelectron spectrum, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis and the like 3)3·2H2O, wherein GA3Is C19H22O6。
The 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex in the step (2) is one of a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid neodymium complex, a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid cerium complex and a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid samarium complex.
The step (2) mentioned aboveThe composition of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex is RE (2,4-D)3·2H2O, where RE is Nd3+、Ce3+、Sm3+(ii) a 2,4-D is 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (C)8H6 Cl2O3)。
The synthesis method of the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex comprises the following steps: RE is first introduced2O3Dissolving in 1:1 hydrochloric acid in slight excess, adding appropriate amount of H2O2Accelerating dissolution, and heating to make residual H2O2Decomposing completely, concentrating under reduced pressure, vacuum filtering, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain crystal P2O5Drying in a drying agent until the weight is constant, and measuring La by EDTA titration method3+Determination of Cl by silver method-And determining the crystal water by thermogravimetry to verify that the crystal composition is RECl3·6H2O; then metering RECl according to the chemical formula3·6H2Weighing 2,4-D (1: 3), dissolving 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in distilled water at 70-80 ℃, adding 1mol/L NaOH solution to generate 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium solution, dropwise adding the solution into rare earth chloride ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl is generated -Vacuum drying to obtain solid complex; the composition of the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex is RE (2,4-D) proved by element analysis, mass spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectrum, X photoelectron spectrum, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis and the like3·2H2O, wherein RE is Nd3+、Ce3+、Sm3+(ii) a 2,4-D is 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (C)8H6 Cl2O3)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the quantity of the single-branch inflorescence female flowers of the plukenetia volubilis is increased by utilizing the synergistic biological effect of the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex, so that the quantity of inflorescences generated by each branch is changed from 5-8 to 10-15 by the independent treatment of the gibberellin lanthanum complex, the quantity of female flowers of each inflorescence is also changed from 5-10 to 8-25, the effect of generating female flowers is obvious, the method has the characteristics of low cost and simplicity and convenience in operation, can be popularized in the field, can potentially increase the seed yield of the plukenetia volubilis, and has a good application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example Synthesis of lanthanum gibberellin Complex and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth Complex
(1) Preparing rare earth chloride: RE is mixed with2O3(RE＝La3+、Nd3+、Ce3+、Sm3+) Dissolving in 1:1 hydrochloric acid in slight excess, adding appropriate amount of H 2O2Accelerated dissolution, and slightly heating to make residual H2O2Decomposing completely, concentrating under reduced pressure, vacuum filtering, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain crystal P2O5Drying in a drying agent until the weight is constant, and measuring RE by EDTA titration3+Determination of Cl by silver method-And determining the crystal water by thermogravimetry to verify that the crystal composition is RECl3·6H2O。
(2) Preparation of gibberellin lanthanum complex: metering of LaCl according to the formula3·6H2O:GA31: 3 weighing, respectively dissolving lanthanum chloride and gibberellin with 95% ethanol, dropwise adding 1mol/L NaOH solution into gibberellin ethanol solution to generate gibberellin sodium salt, dropwise adding gibberellin sodium solution into lanthanum chloride ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl is generated-And vacuum drying to obtain the solid complex.
(3) Preparing a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex: metering RECl according to the chemical formula3·6H22,4-D ═ 1: 3, dissolving 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in distilled water at 70-80 ℃, adding 1mol/L NaOH solution to generate 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium solution, dropwise adding the solution into the chlorinated rare earth ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl exists-And vacuum drying to obtain the solid complex.
(4) Characterization of the rare earth complex: elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and purpleThe compositions of the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex are respectively La (GA) proved by external spectrum, infrared spectrum, X photoelectron spectrum, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis and the like3)3·2H2O and RE (2,4-D)3·2H2O, wherein GA3Is gibberellin (C)19H22O6)；RE＝Nd3+、Ce3+、Sm3+(ii) a 2,4-D is 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (C)8H6 Cl2O3)。
EXAMPLE digibberellin lanthanum complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid neodymium complex [ Nd (2,4-D)3·2H2O]Synergistic induction for increasing the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis linneo
(1) Selecting a plukenetia volubilis plant which grows robustly and has the capability of forming flowers and setting fruits and is more than 5 months old in Guangxi Yulin, dressing farmyard manure once, and cultivating and managing according to the conventional method.
(2) In the stage from the beginning of the flower of the plukenetia volubilis to the beginning of the development of young fruits, 10-20 mu mol/L of gibberellin lanthanum complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid neodymium complex [ Nd (2,4-D)3·2H2O]The solution is sprayed on the whole plant of the plukenetia volubilis linneo, the spraying amount is preferably that liquid drops appear on the leaf surfaces, and the solution is sprayed once every 10 days. The result shows that the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid neodymium complex can synergistically induce and improve the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis, so that the number of the inflorescences is changed from 5-8 to 10-15, and the number of the female flowers of each inflorescence is changed from 5-10 to 8-25.
La(GA3)3·2H2O]The concentration of (b) may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L.
Nd(2,4-D)3·2H2The concentration of O may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L.
Example lanthanum Trigibberellin Complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid cerium complex [ Ce (2,4-D)3·2H2O]Synergistic induction for increasing the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis linneo
(1) Selecting a plukenetia volubilis plant which grows robustly and has the capability of forming flowers and setting fruits and is more than 5 months old in Guangxi Yulin, dressing farmyard manure once, and carrying out conventional cultivation and management.
(2) In the period from the beginning of the flower to the beginning of the development of young fruit of the plukenetia volubilis, 10-20 mu mol/L of gibberellin lanthanum complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid cerium complex [ Ce (2,4-D)3·2H2O]The solution is sprayed on the whole plant of the plukenetia volubilis linneo, the spraying amount is that liquid drops appear on the leaf surfaces, and the solution is sprayed once every 10 days. The results show that the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid cerium complex can synergistically induce and improve the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis, so that the number of the inflorescences is changed from 5-8 to 10-15, and the number of the female flowers of each inflorescence is changed from 5-10 to 8-25.
La(GA3)3·2H2O]The concentration of (b) may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L.
Ce(2,4-D)3·2H2The concentration of O may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L. Example Tetragibberellin lanthanum complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid samarium Complex [ Sm (2,4-D)3·2H2O]Synergistic induction for increasing the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis linneo
(1) Selecting a plukenetia volubilis plant which grows robustly and has the capability of forming flowers and setting fruits and is more than 5 months old in Guangxi Yulin, dressing farmyard manure once, and cultivating and managing according to the conventional method.
(2) In the stage from the beginning of the flower of the plukenetia volubilis to the beginning of the development of young fruits, 10-20 mu mol/L of gibberellin lanthanum complex [ La (GA)3)3·2H2O]And 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid samarium Complex [ Sm (2,4-D)3·2H2O]The solution is sprayed on the whole plant of the plukenetia volubilis linneo, the spraying amount is preferably that liquid drops appear on the leaf surfaces, and the solution is sprayed once every 10 days. The results show that the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy samarium acetate complex can synergistically induce and improve the number of single-branch inflorescences and female flowers of plukenetia volubilis, so that the number of the inflorescences is changed from 5-8 to 10-15, and the number of the female flowers of each inflorescence is changed from 5-10 to 8-25.
La(GA3)3·2H2O]The concentration of (b) may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L.
Sm(2,4-D)3·2H2The concentration of O may be 10. mu. mol/L, 11. mu. mol/L, 12. mu. mol/L, 13. mu. mol/L, 14. mu. mol/L, 15. mu. mol/L, 16. mu. mol/L, 17. mu. mol/L, 18. mu. mol/L, 19. mu. mol/L, 20. mu. mol/L.

Claims (6)

1. A method for inducing and increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a plukenetia volubilis plant with flower forming and fruit setting capacity and more than 5 months old, dressing farmyard manure once, and performing conventional cultivation management;
(2) and (3) spraying the whole plant of the plukenetia volubilis with a mixed solution containing a gibberellin lanthanum complex and a 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex from the beginning of flowers to the beginning of development of young fruits of the plukenetia volubilis, wherein the spraying amount is suitable for the appearance of liquid drops on leaf surfaces, and the spraying is carried out once every 10 days.
2. The method for inducing and increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis according to claim 1, wherein the concentrations of the gibberellin lanthanum complex and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex in the mixed solution are respectively 10-20 μmol/L.
3. The method for inducing increase in the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lanthanum gibberellin complex is synthesized from gibberellin and lanthanum chloride.
4. The method for inducing and increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis according to claim 3, wherein the method for synthesizing the gibberellin lanthanum complex comprises the following steps: la2O3Dissolving in 1:1 hydrochloric acid in slight excess, adding H2O2Accelerating dissolution, heating to make residual H2O2Decomposing completely, concentrating under reduced pressure, vacuum filtering, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain crystal P2O5Drying in drying agent until constant weight to obtain LaCl3·6H2O; then metering the LaCl according to the chemical formula3·6H2O:GA3Weighing 1:3, dissolving lanthanum chloride and gibberellin in 95% ethanol respectively, dropwise adding 1mol/L NaOH solution into gibberellin ethanol solution to generate gibberellin sodium salt, dropwise adding gibberellin sodium solution into lanthanum chloride ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl exists-Vacuum drying to obtain solid complex La (GA)3)3·2H2O, wherein GA3Is C19H22O6。
5. The method for inducing increase of the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex is one of a neodymium 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetate complex, a cerium 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetate complex and a samarium 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetate complex.
6. The method for inducing and increasing the number of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for synthesizing the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid rare earth complex comprises the following steps: RE is mixed2O3Dissolving in 1:1 hydrochloric acid in slight excess, adding H2O2Accelerating dissolution, heating to make residual H2O2Decomposing completely, concentrating under reduced pressure, vacuum filtering, recrystallizing for 3 times to obtain crystal P2O5Drying in a drying agent until the weight is constant to obtain RECl3·6H2O; then metering RECl according to the chemical formula3·6H2Weighing 2,4-D (1: 3), dissolving 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in distilled water at 70-80 ℃, adding 1mol/L NaOH solution to generate 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium solution, dropwise adding the solution into rare earth chloride ethanol solution, stirring, standing to generate precipitate, filtering, washing with distilled water until no Cl is generated-Vacuum drying to obtain solid complex RE (2,4-D)3·2H2O, wherein 2,4-D is 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
CN202210280327.3A 2022-03-21 2022-03-21 Method for increasing quantity of female flowers of plukenetia volubilis by induction Pending CN114747413A (en)

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CN103535173A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-29 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 Method for inductively improving yield of fruits of plukenetia volubilis
CN105830839A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-08-10 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Method using hormone induction to improve tung oil tree fruit yield

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103535173A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-29 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 Method for inductively improving yield of fruits of plukenetia volubilis
CN105830839A (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-08-10 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Method using hormone induction to improve tung oil tree fruit yield

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Title
梁利芳等: "稀土-2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸的二元、三元配合物的合成及表征" *
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Application publication date: 20220715