CN114745922A - Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method - Google Patents

Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114745922A
CN114745922A CN202210407838.7A CN202210407838A CN114745922A CN 114745922 A CN114745922 A CN 114745922A CN 202210407838 A CN202210407838 A CN 202210407838A CN 114745922 A CN114745922 A CN 114745922A
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China
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heat dissipation
photovoltaic panel
solar photovoltaic
heat
power generation
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CN202210407838.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
鹿鹏
杨沁山
闫晓蝶
王少政
黄护林
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN202210407838.7A priority Critical patent/CN114745922A/en
Publication of CN114745922A publication Critical patent/CN114745922A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20409Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system and a method. When power is adjusted, the rocker arm is controlled to enable the solar photovoltaic panel with the thermal insulation coating on the lower surface to rotate, the lower surface is enabled to cover the surface of the fin, heat dissipation of the fin is blocked, stepless adjustment of heat dissipation power is achieved by adjusting the rotating angle, and therefore heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different conditions are met. If the working medium of the heat pipe is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater automatically uses the stored electric energy to heat the heat pipe, so that the radiation heat dissipation system is quickly started. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or a power supply line fails, the whole heat dissipation system utilizes the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system and the energy self-circulation of the whole heat dissipation system, so that the safety stability and the energy utilization rate of the nuclear power system are improved.

Description

Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-circulation anti-freezing stepless adjustment solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system, and belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of energy.
Background
Since the recent times, with the rapid development of human science and technology, human beings develop the exploration of outer space, and in the exploration process, the interstellar exploration is slowly promoted by a low-power and low-speed propulsion mode and the limitation of weight of an airship and fuel. Energy sources such as chemical fuels, solar energy, etc. are limited in space flight due to their limitations. The space propulsion system based on the nuclear energy is a development trend of the current space system, the nuclear energy has very high energy density, the mass of the aircraft can be greatly reduced, and energy can be provided for long-term flight. In a space nuclear power system, heat energy generated by a nuclear reactor is used for generating electricity, electric energy generated by a generator is used for daily use and electric propulsion of an airship, and waste heat after the electricity generation is discharged through a radiation radiator or is used in other places where needed, wherein the radiation radiator system accounts for a large part of the total system, so that research on the radiation radiator system is very important.
Thermal conduction and convection cannot occur in a vacuum environment, and thermal radiation is the only heat transfer mode in vacuum because thermal radiation mainly propagates by visible light and infrared rays with longer wavelengths, while electromagnetic waves propagate without any medium. The heat pipe type radiation radiator is the most common space radiator in the world at present, and is widely applied because of the advantages of high efficiency, excellent safety and the like. The condensate flows back to the evaporation section under the action of capillary force, centrifugal force, electromagnetic force and the like to be heated and vaporized again, wherein the heat is transferred to the fins, and the fins discharge the heat to the space in a heat radiation mode, so that the working cycle of the heat pipe is formed. Because the space station can be in a dormant state or a situation that a astronaut goes out to operate during operation, the power of the nuclear power system is reduced at the moment, when the power of the nuclear power system is smaller than the heat dissipation power of the radiation heat radiator, the working medium in the heat pipe has a cooling risk, so the power of the nuclear power system is matched with the heat dissipation power of the radiation heat radiator by adjusting the heat dissipation power of the radiation heat dissipation system, if the working medium in the heat pipe is cooled, the normal operation of the radiation heat dissipation system is influenced, the working medium in the heat pipe is prevented from freezing, and heating measures are taken if necessary.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and a method, a heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device carries out stepless regulation on heat dissipation power, the working requirements of a space station under different conditions are met, and the anti-freezing device is added, so that if the power supply of a space nuclear power system is limited or a power supply line fails, the whole system utilizes electric energy generated by the solar power generation device, the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system and the energy self-circulation of the whole system are realized, and the safety stability and the energy utilization rate of the nuclear power system are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the current radiation heat dissipation system, the invention provides the self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system, the heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device performs stepless regulation on the heat dissipation power, the working requirements of the space station under different conditions are met, and the anti-freezing device is added, if the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or a power supply line fails, the whole system utilizes the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device, the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system and the energy self-circulation of the whole system are realized, so that the safety stability and the energy utilization rate of the nuclear power system are improved.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system comprises a radiation heat dissipation device, a solar photovoltaic panel power generation device and an anti-freezing device; the radiation heat dissipation device comprises a heat pipe and fins; the solar photovoltaic panel power generation device comprises a main solar photovoltaic panel and a main power storage device; the anti-freezing device comprises a temperature control switch arranged in the heat pipe and a heater used for heating the heat pipe; the main power storage device, the temperature control switch and the heater form a circuit III; when the temperature of the working medium in the heat pipe is higher than the turn-off temperature of the temperature control switch, the circuit loop III is turned off, and when the temperature of the working medium is lower than the turn-off temperature of the temperature control switch, the circuit loop III is turned on and turned on, and the heater heats the heat pipe.
Further, the device also comprises a first motor; one surface of the main solar photovoltaic panel is coated with a heat insulation coating, and the first motor can control the main solar photovoltaic panel to turn over so that the heat insulation coating partially or completely covers the fins; the first motor and the main electric storage device form a circuit loop I.
Further, the solar photovoltaic panel comprises a standby solar photovoltaic panel and a second motor; one surface of the standby solar photovoltaic panel is coated with a heat insulation coating, and the second motor can control the standby solar photovoltaic panel to turn over so that the heat insulation coating partially or completely covers the fins; the second motor and the main power storage device form a circuit II.
Furthermore, the heater is a plate type infrared heater and consists of a resistance plate, and the reflection coefficient of a coating layer of the resistance plate, which is close to the front side of the heat pipe, is larger than the reflection coefficient of a coating layer of the back side of the resistance plate.
Furthermore, the main solar photovoltaic panel and the standby solar photovoltaic panel are respectively connected with the heat pipe through heat insulation columns.
Further, the temperature control switch is a bimetallic strip.
Furthermore, the solar photovoltaic panel turnover device further comprises a first rocker arm, wherein the first rocker arm is connected with a first motor, and the first motor drives the first rocker arm to rotate so as to control the main solar photovoltaic panel to turn over.
Further, the solar photovoltaic panel turnover device further comprises a second rocker arm, wherein the second rocker arm is connected with a second motor, and the second motor drives the second rocker arm to rotate so as to control the turnover of the standby solar photovoltaic panel.
The working principle of the rocker arm is similar to that of a steering engine, namely, a receiver sends a signal to a motor, the motor starts to rotate by driving a coreless motor through an IC (integrated circuit) on a circuit board, power is transmitted to a swing arm through a reduction gear, and meanwhile, a position detector sends back the signal to judge whether the rocker arm reaches the positioning.
Furthermore, the working medium in the heat pipe is alkali metal.
The radiation heat dissipation method based on the system comprises the following steps: when the full-load heat dissipation power works, the circuit I and the circuit II are disconnected, the main solar photovoltaic panel and the standby solar photovoltaic panel are not in contact with the fins, the working medium in the heat pipe transfers heat to the fins, and the fins discharge the heat to the space in a heat radiation mode;
when the heat dissipation power is adjusted, current flows out of the positive pole of the main electric storage device, the circuit loop I and the circuit loop II are controlled to be closed, the current flows through the first motor and the second motor and then returns to the negative pole of the main electric storage device, the circuit loop I and the circuit loop II are switched on at the moment, the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm are controlled by the motors to enable the main solar photovoltaic panel and the standby solar photovoltaic panel to rotate, the stepless adjustment of the heat dissipation power is achieved by adjusting the rotation angle, and when the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, which contains the heat insulation coating, covers the surface of the fins, the heat dissipation of the fins is blocked.
The switches of the circuit I and the circuit II are integrated in a nuclear power system of a space station, and the action of the switches is manually controlled when power needs to be adjusted.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention realizes the power stepless regulation function of the radiation heat dissipation system and meets the heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different working conditions.
(2) The anti-freezing function is added to the radiation heat dissipation system, and if the working medium of the heat pipe is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater automatically uses the stored electric energy to heat the heat pipe, so that the radiation heat dissipation system is quickly started, and the safety and the stability of the space nuclear power system are ensured.
(3) The invention realizes the energy self-circulation of the radiation heat-dissipation system, and if the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply circuit fails, the whole system utilizes the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat-dissipation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system under a full load heat dissipation power mode according to the present invention;
wherein: 1-a heat pipe, 2-a bimetallic strip, 3-a first switch, 4-a first insulating column, 5-a first rocker arm, 6-a second switch, 7-a first motor, 8-a main electricity storage device, 9-a first power transmission line, 10-a main solar photovoltaic panel with a lower surface coated with an insulating coating, 11-a fin coated with a high-emissivity coating, 12-a standby solar photovoltaic panel with a lower surface coated with an insulating coating, 13-a second power transmission line, 14-a standby electricity storage device, 15-a second motor, 16-a second rocker arm, 17-a second insulating column, 18-a third insulating column, 19-a fourth insulating column and 20-a plate type infrared heater.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system under the load heat dissipation power mode of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system in the low-load heat dissipation power mode.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
The self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation synergetic radiant heat dissipation system (as shown in figure 1) comprises the following devices, 1-a heat pipe, 2-a bimetallic strip, 3-a first switch, 4-a first insulating column, 5-a first rocker arm, 6-a second switch, 7-a first motor, 8-a main power storage device, 9-a first power transmission line, 10-a main solar photovoltaic panel with a heat insulating coating on the lower surface, 11-a fin with a high emissivity coating, 12-a standby solar photovoltaic panel with a heat insulating coating on the lower surface, 13-a second power transmission line, 14-a standby power storage device, 15-a second motor, 16-a second rocker arm, 17-a second insulating column, 18-a third insulating column, 19-a fourth insulating column and 20-a plate type infrared heater.
A solar power generation device includes a main solar photovoltaic panel 10, a backup solar photovoltaic panel 12, a main electricity storage device 8, and a backup electricity storage device 14. The solar photovoltaic panel converts absorbed solar energy into electric energy to be stored in a main electric storage device 8, the main electric storage device 8 is used as a main power supply, a standby electric storage device 14 is used as a standby power supply, and three parallel circuits I, II and III are connected, wherein the circuit I comprises the main electric storage device 8, the standby electric storage device 14, a first switch 6 and a first motor 7. The circuit ii includes the main electric storage device 8, the backup electric storage device 14, the second switch 3, and the second motor 15. The circuit iii includes the main electric storage device 8, the backup electric storage device 14, the bimetal 2, and the plate-type infrared heater 20.
An anti-freezing device comprises a plate type infrared heater 20 and a bimetal 2. The plate type infrared heater 20 is connected to the heat pipe through the fourth and third heat- insulating columns 19 and 18, and the bimetallic strip 2 is placed in the heat pipe 1. The iii loop is connected with a plate type infrared heater 20 and a bimetallic strip 2. Bimetallic strip 2 is placed in heat pipe 1, and when working medium temperature was higher than the expansion temperature of bimetallic strip 2 in heat pipe 1, bimetallic strip 2 contact position warp and the disconnection, III return circuits disconnection, and when working medium temperature was less than the expansion temperature of bimetallic strip 2, bimetallic strip 2 contact recovered the original shape and closed, and III return circuits are closed, and the circuit switch-on, board type infrared heater 20 heats the heat pipe.
The working process of the self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the full load heat dissipation power works, the first switch 3 and the second switch 6 are disconnected in the loops I and II, the main solar photovoltaic panel 10 with the lower surface coated with the heat insulation coating and the standby solar photovoltaic panel 12 with the lower surface coated with the heat insulation coating are located at default positions (as shown in figure 1, the angle of the solar panel is 0 degree), the heat pipe 1 contains an alkali metal working medium, and the heat pipe is externally inserted with the fin 11 coated with the high-emissivity coating. The alkali metal working medium transfers heat to the fins 11, and the fins 11 discharge the heat to the outer space in a heat radiation mode, namely a high-power heat radiation mode.
Step two: when the heat dissipation power is adjusted, the first switch 3 and the second switch 6 of the loop I and the loop II are closed, the current is output from the positive pole of the second electric storage device 14, the current flows through the first motor 7 and the second motor 15 and then returns to the negative pole of the second electric storage device 14, the circuit I and the circuit II are switched on at the moment, the first motor 7 and the second motor 15 control the first rocker arm 5 and the second rocker arm 16 to enable the main solar photovoltaic panel 10 with the lower surface coated with the heat insulation coating and the standby solar photovoltaic panel 12 with the lower surface coated with the heat insulation coating to rotate, the lower surface containing the heat insulation coating covers the surface of the fin 11, the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked, and the heat dissipation power is controlled by adjusting the rotating angle.
The invention discloses a self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and a method, and belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of energy. The radiation heat dissipation system consists of three devices, namely heat pipe radiation heat dissipation, solar photovoltaic panel power generation and anti-freezing. When the heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device operates, waste heat generated after a nuclear power system generates electricity is guided to the space in a radiation heat dissipation mode, when power is adjusted, the solar photovoltaic panel with the heat insulation coating on the lower surface is rotated through the motor control rocker arm, stepless adjustment of heat dissipation power is achieved by adjusting the rotation angle, when the lower surface with the heat insulation coating on the solar photovoltaic panel covers the surface of the fins, heat dissipation of the fins is blocked, and therefore heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different conditions are met. The system is added with an anti-freezing device, and if the working medium of the heat pipe is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater automatically uses the stored electric energy to heat the heat pipe, so that the radiation heat dissipation system is quickly started. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or a power supply line fails, the whole system utilizes the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system and the energy self-circulation of the whole system, so that the safety stability and the energy utilization rate of the nuclear power system are improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system comprises a radiation heat dissipation device, a solar photovoltaic panel power generation device and an anti-freezing device; the radiation heat dissipation device comprises a heat pipe and a fin; the solar photovoltaic panel power generation device comprises a main solar photovoltaic panel and a main power storage device; the anti-freezing device is characterized by comprising a temperature control switch arranged in the heat pipe and a heater used for heating the heat pipe; the main power storage device, the temperature control switch and the heater form a circuit III; when the temperature of the working medium in the heat pipe is higher than the disconnection temperature of the temperature control switch, the circuit III is disconnected, and when the temperature of the working medium is lower than the disconnection temperature of the temperature control switch, the circuit III is closed and connected, and the heater heats the heat pipe.
2. The self-circulating antifreeze solar power generation and radiant heat system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first motor; one surface of the main solar photovoltaic panel is coated with a heat insulation coating, and the first motor can control the main solar photovoltaic panel to turn over so that the heat insulation coating partially or completely covers the fins; the first motor and the main power storage device form a circuit loop I.
3. The self-circulating anti-freeze junction solar power generation-synergistic radiant heat dissipation system of claim 1, further comprising a backup solar photovoltaic panel and a second motor; one surface of the standby solar photovoltaic panel is coated with a heat insulation coating, and the second motor can control the standby solar photovoltaic panel to turn over so that the heat insulation coating partially or completely covers the fins; the second motor and the main power storage device form a circuit II.
4. The self-circulating antifreeze solar power generation synergistic radiant heat dissipation system of claim 1, wherein said heater is a plate type infrared heater consisting of a resistive plate having a front coating layer with a reflectance greater than a back coating layer with a reflectance greater than a reflection coefficient of the back coating layer.
5. The self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation combined heat dissipation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the primary solar photovoltaic panel and the backup solar photovoltaic panel are respectively connected to the heat pipe through heat-insulating columns.
6. The self-circulating antifreeze solar power generation and radiation combined heat dissipation system of claim 1, wherein said temperature controlled switch is a bimetallic strip.
7. The self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation combined heat dissipation system as recited in claim 2, further comprising a first rocker arm, wherein the first rocker arm is connected to a first motor, and the first motor drives the first rocker arm to rotate so as to control the main solar photovoltaic panel to turn.
8. The self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation combined heat dissipation system as recited in claim 3, further comprising a second rocker arm, wherein the second rocker arm is connected to a second motor, and the second motor drives the second rocker arm to rotate so as to control the standby solar photovoltaic panel to turn.
9. The self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation combined heat dissipation system as recited in claim 1, wherein the working medium in the heat pipe is alkali metal.
10. A method of radiant heat removal based on the system of any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: when the full-load heat dissipation power works, the circuit I and the circuit II are disconnected, the main solar photovoltaic panel and the standby solar photovoltaic panel are not in contact with the fins, the working medium in the heat pipe transfers heat to the fins, and the fins discharge the heat to the space in a heat radiation mode;
when the heat dissipation power is adjusted, current flows out of the positive pole of the main power storage device, the switches of the circuit loops I and the circuit loops II are controlled to be closed, the current flows through the first motor and the second motor and then returns to the negative pole of the main power storage device, the circuit loops I and the circuit loops II are switched on at the moment, the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm are controlled through the motors to enable the main solar photovoltaic panel and the standby solar photovoltaic panel to rotate, the stepless adjustment of the heat dissipation power is achieved by adjusting the rotation angle, when the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel containing the heat insulation coating covers the surface of the fin, the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked.
CN202210407838.7A 2022-04-19 2022-04-19 Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method Pending CN114745922A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101226006A (en) * 2008-01-25 2008-07-23 东南大学 Hot pipe type focusing energy storage type middle high temperature solar heat collector
WO2009111908A1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Chen Jen-Shyan Solar cell device with high heat dissipation efficiency
CN111023878A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-04-17 南京航空航天大学 Power-adjustable space radiation heat dissipation system and working method thereof
CN113815905A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-12-21 山东大学 Composite thermal control system of aerospace loop heat pipe radiator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101226006A (en) * 2008-01-25 2008-07-23 东南大学 Hot pipe type focusing energy storage type middle high temperature solar heat collector
WO2009111908A1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Chen Jen-Shyan Solar cell device with high heat dissipation efficiency
CN111023878A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-04-17 南京航空航天大学 Power-adjustable space radiation heat dissipation system and working method thereof
CN113815905A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-12-21 山东大学 Composite thermal control system of aerospace loop heat pipe radiator

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