CN114739675B - Variable-frequency electromagnetic drive roller-raceway failure principle test device - Google Patents

Variable-frequency electromagnetic drive roller-raceway failure principle test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114739675B
CN114739675B CN202210510438.9A CN202210510438A CN114739675B CN 114739675 B CN114739675 B CN 114739675B CN 202210510438 A CN202210510438 A CN 202210510438A CN 114739675 B CN114739675 B CN 114739675B
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inner ring
acoustic emission
bearing
frequency
test piece
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CN114739675A (en
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王延忠
鄂世元
李欣达
谢斌
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04Bearings
    • G01M13/045Acoustic or vibration analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/14Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a variable-frequency electromagnetic driving roller-raceway failure principle test device which comprises a high-rigidity mounting platform, an inner ring mounting structure, an outer ring clamping structure, an alternating electromagnetic generation module, a high-frequency conversion module, an acoustic emission detection module and an industrial personal computer. According to the invention, a test mode that the rollers in the high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field are driven by magnetic force to roll on the roller path at a short distance and repeatedly at a high speed is used, so that the motor cost is reduced compared with the traditional motor-driven bearing, the test efficiency can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, the inner ring and the outer ring can be rapidly disassembled at any time in the test process, and the test piece failure process data can be conveniently checked and recorded.

Description

Variable-frequency electromagnetic drive roller-raceway failure principle test device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rolling bearing testing, and particularly relates to a variable-frequency electromagnetic driving roller-raceway failure principle testing device.
Background
In the prior art, the assembly structure of a roller-raceway in a rolling bearing is used as a measurement research object, the rolling bearing is an important supporting component of a rotary machine, various motors are adopted in a conventional bearing life test machine to drive the rolling bearing to rotate, the rolling bearing life test under a high-speed working condition is often required to be supported by a high-speed motor with high cost, the time period for completing one life test is long, a large amount of time and labor cost are required to be consumed, and a novel rolling bearing test device is developed. Therefore, the roller-raceway failure principle test device driven by variable frequency electromagnetic is provided, the single roller of the rolling bearing is repeatedly rolled on the raceway in a point test mode based on the periodical change of an electromagnetic field, the roller-raceway failure principle test is further carried out by combining a high-frequency electric signal generated by a frequency converter, the test efficiency is improved, and a new way is provided for the life test of the rolling bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the life test of the failure of the rolling bearing, the invention provides the test device of the failure principle of the roller-raceway driven by variable frequency electromagnetic, which is equivalent to the life test of the rolling bearing as the failure test process between the single roller and the raceway, and further provides the test device of the failure principle of the roller-raceway driven by variable frequency electromagnetic, which can efficiently complete the life and failure test of the single roller-raceway by combining a high-frequency electric signal conversion device and an electromagnetic field generating device, by considering a large amount of manpower and material resources and time cost required by the traditional life test and based on the mechanical motion principle between the single roller and the inner raceway.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a variable-frequency electromagnetic driven roller-raceway failure principle test device comprises a high-rigidity mounting platform, an inner ring mounting structure, an outer ring clamping structure, an alternating electromagnetic generation module, a high-frequency conversion module, an acoustic emission detection module and an industrial personal computer; the inner ring mounting structure is positioned and mounted on the high-rigidity mounting platform, lifting of the inner ring mounting structure is controlled by a motor, and a mandrel of a tested bearing inner ring test piece is mounted on the inner ring mounting structure by a screw; the outer ring clamping structure is fixed with the high-rigidity mounting platform through bolts after being adjusted to the fixed position of the tested bearing outer ring test piece through a guide groove on the high-rigidity mounting platform, so that the tested bearing outer ring test piece is clamped and fixed; the alternating electromagnetic generating module consists of two strong magneto-electric magnets which are arranged at a certain angle and an angle adjusting structure, and is arranged right below the high-rigidity mounting platform; the high-frequency conversion module is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module through a cable; the acoustic emission detection module is used for detecting acoustic signals of the tested bearing and analyzing failure characteristic signals and evolution rules; the industrial personal computer is responsible for controlling the start and stop of the alternating electromagnetic generation module, the high-frequency conversion module and the acoustic emission detection module, and amplitude modulation and frequency modulation processing and storing acoustic signals transmitted back by the acoustic emission detection module.
Further, the acoustic emission detection module consists of an acoustic emission sensor, a non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod and a signal conditioning instrument, wherein the acoustic emission sensor is attached to the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod, the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod is adhered to one side of the bottom end of a tested bearing outer ring test piece, and meanwhile, the acoustic emission sensor is connected with the signal conditioning instrument through a magnetic insulation cable.
Further, the high-frequency conversion module is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module through a magnetic isolation cable, and receives a control signal from the industrial personal computer through the magnetic isolation cable.
Further, the inner ring mounting structure comprises a lifting upright post, a motor, a bolt, a shaft sleeve and a small bearing, wherein the lifting upright post is used for adjusting the lifting height through motor driving and is used for adjusting and mounting the tested bearing; the small bearing and the shaft sleeve are fixed on the liftable upright post by the bolts and move together with the liftable upright post; the small bearing is used for ensuring the rotation freedom degree of the test piece of the inner ring of the tested bearing, so that the test piece of the inner ring of the tested bearing can be driven to rotate when the rolling body of the tested bearing repeatedly moves along the rollaway nest under the action of the alternating magnetic field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is suitable for developing the research of the failure process of the rolling bearing, and the invention drives a single roller to repeatedly roll at a high speed in a short distance on a raceway by controlling a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field, thereby simulating the situation that the roller repeatedly passes through one point on an inner sleeve ring and an outer sleeve ring of the rolling bearing in a high-speed running state of the rolling bearing, further causing the failure of one point on an outer ring or the rolling body of the rolling bearing, and completing data collection by adopting a remote acoustic emission monitoring mode through magnetism isolation treatment, thereby providing a novel research means for researching and analyzing the service life and the failure reliability of the high-precision rolling bearing. According to the invention, a test mode that the rollers in the high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field are driven by magnetic force to roll on the roller path at a short distance and repeatedly at a high speed is used, so that the motor cost is reduced compared with the traditional motor-driven bearing, the test efficiency can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, the inner ring and the outer ring can be rapidly disassembled at any time in the test process, and the test piece failure process data can be conveniently checked and recorded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the functional block composition of a variable frequency electromagnetic drive roller-race failure principle test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general schematic of a variable frequency electromagnetic drive roller-race failure principle test apparatus of the present invention;
in fig. 2, 1 is a high-rigidity mounting platform, 2 is an inner ring mounting structure, 3 is an outer ring clamping structure, 4 is an alternating electromagnetic generating module, 5 is a high-frequency conversion module, 6 is an acoustic emission detection module, and 7 is an industrial personal computer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the generation of a high frequency alternating electromagnetic field of the present invention;
in fig. 3, 15 is a strong magneto;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a test bearing installation of the present invention;
in fig. 4, 9 is a tested bearing rolling body, 10 is a tested bearing inner ring test piece, 11 is a tested bearing outer ring test piece, 13 is an acoustic emission sensor, and 14 is a nonmagnetic sound transmission medium rod;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an inner ring mounting structure of the present invention;
in fig. 5, 12 is a small-sized bearing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in FIG. 1, the functional module of the variable frequency electromagnetic driving roller-raceway failure principle test device comprises a high-rigidity base, an inner ring mounting structure, an outer ring clamping structure, an electromagnetic generation module, a high-frequency conversion module, a data acquisition module and an industrial personal computer. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the specific structure of the variable-frequency electromagnetic driving roller-raceway failure principle test device comprises a high-rigidity mounting platform 1, an inner ring mounting structure 2, an outer ring clamping structure 3, an alternating electromagnetic generation module 4, a high-frequency conversion module 5, an acoustic emission detection module 6 and an industrial personal computer 7. The inner ring mounting structure 2 is positioned and mounted on the high-rigidity mounting platform 1, lifting of the inner ring mounting structure is controlled by a motor, and a mandrel of a tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 is mounted on the inner ring mounting structure 2 through a screw; the outer ring clamping structure 3 is fixed with the high-rigidity mounting platform 1 through bolts after being adjusted to the fixed position of the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11 through the guide groove on the high-rigidity mounting platform 1, so that the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11 is clamped and fixed. The high-frequency conversion module 5 converts the conventional 220V and 50Hz alternating current into a high-frequency electric signal with the frequency of more than 1000Hz, the high-frequency electric signal is transmitted to the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4 through the magnetism isolating cable, a group of strong magnetism magnets in the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4 are converted into a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, the tested bearing rolling body 9 rolls to one side along a rolling path formed by the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 and the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11 under the action of the magnetic field, and the tested bearing rolling body 9 rolls to the other side after the magnetic field alternating current is converted, so that the repeated rolling process is realized. The inner ring mounting structure 2 contains a small bearing 12 which is used for driving the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 to rotate by a small margin in the repeated rolling process of the tested bearing rolling body 9, so that the movement form between the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 and the tested bearing rolling body 9 is consistent with the conventional bearing life test; the acoustic emission detection module 6 detects acoustic signals of the tested bearing through the acoustic emission sensor 13, and analyzes failure characteristic signals and evolution rules; the industrial personal computer 7 is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4, the high-frequency conversion module 5 and the acoustic emission detection module 6, is used for starting and stopping, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation processing, and is used for storing acoustic signals transmitted back by the acoustic emission detection module 6 and performing overall test control.
The acoustic emission detection module 6 consists of an acoustic emission sensor 13, a non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14 and a signal conditioning instrument, wherein the acoustic emission sensor 13 is attached to the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14, the acoustic emission sensor 13 is connected with the signal conditioning instrument through a signal transmission line, and the signal conditioning instrument is arranged in the industrial personal computer 7. The industrial personal computer 7 is responsible for controlling the functions of starting and stopping, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation and the like of the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4, the high-frequency conversion module 5 and the acoustic emission detection module 6, and processing and storing acoustic signals transmitted back by the acoustic emission detection module 6.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the inner ring mounting structure 2 and the outer ring clamping structure 3 are directly mounted on the high-rigidity mounting platform 1; the alternating electromagnetic generating module 4 consists of two strong magneto-electric magnets which are arranged at a certain angle and an angle adjusting structure, and is arranged below the high-rigidity mounting platform 1; the high-frequency conversion module 5 is arranged on the right side of the high-rigidity mounting platform 1, is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4 through a magnetic isolation cable, and receives a control signal from the industrial personal computer 7 through the magnetic isolation cable; the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14 in the acoustic emission detection module 6 is attached to one side of the bottom end of the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11, and acoustic signals generated in the rolling bearing test process are collected by the acoustic emission sensor 13 through the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14 and converted into electric signals, and are transmitted to the industrial personal computer 7 through the magnetism isolating cable; the industrial personal computer 7 is arranged on one side of the high-rigidity mounting platform 1.
As shown in fig. 3, 220V and 50Hz three-phase ac power is converted into 1000Hz-3000Hz high-frequency electric signals by the high-frequency conversion module 5, and transmitted to the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4, the alternating electromagnetic generation module 4 mainly comprises two strong magneto-electric magnets, the two strong magneto-electric magnets 15 are arranged at a certain angle, when the electric signals are positive, the left strong magneto-electric magnet generates a magnetic field to attract the tested bearing rolling body 9 to roll leftwards along the raceway, and the right strong magneto-electric magnet is powered off; when the electric signal is negative, the right strong magneto-electric magnet generates a magnetic field to attract the tested bearing rolling body 9 to roll to the right side along the rollaway nest, and the left strong magneto-electric magnet is powered off, so that the tested bearing rolling body 9 can roll repeatedly along the rollaway nest along with the high-frequency signal.
As shown in fig. 4, a non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14 is attached to one side of the bottom end of a tested bearing outer ring test piece 11, and acoustic signals generated in the rolling bearing test process are collected by an acoustic emission sensor 13 through the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod 14 and converted into electric signals; the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11 is clamped by the high-rigidity mounting platform 1 and the outer ring clamping structure 3; the tested bearing inner ring 10 test piece is fixed by the inner ring mounting structure 2; the tested bearing rolling body 9 is arranged at the bottom of a raceway formed by the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 and the tested bearing outer ring test piece 11.
As shown in fig. 5, the inner ring mounting structure 2 is mainly composed of a liftable column, a motor, a bolt, a shaft sleeve and a small bearing 12, wherein the liftable column is used for adjusting the lifting height through motor driving and is used for adjusting and mounting a tested bearing; the small bearing 12 and the shaft sleeve are fixed on the liftable upright post by bolts and move together with the liftable upright post; the small bearing 12 is used for ensuring the rotation freedom degree of the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10, so that the tested bearing rolling body 9 can drive the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 to rotate when repeatedly moving along the rollaway nest under the action of the alternating magnetic field, and the motion relation of the tested bearing inner ring test piece 10 and the actual rolling bearing is kept consistent.
The invention relates to a variable-frequency electromagnetic driving roller-raceway failure principle test device, and provides a set of efficient test device for a rolling bearing failure life test. Based on the problem of a large amount of manpower and material resources and time cost required by the traditional rolling bearing life test, the bearing is decomposed into an inner ring, an outer ring and a rolling body component, the high-frequency electric signals generated by the high-frequency conversion module are utilized to enable two electromagnets which are arranged at a certain angle to generate a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field, and the single rolling body is attracted to repeatedly roll in a roller path, so that the repeated movement form of the single roller of the rolling bearing on a point of the roller path is efficiently simulated, the rolling bearing failure form and the failure data of the recording process at any time are conveniently analyzed and researched, and the gradual degradation rule curve of the rolling bearing performance parameters is fitted.
The invention is not described in detail in part as being well known in the art. All technical schemes formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A variable frequency electromagnetic drive's roller-raceway failure principle test device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a high-rigidity mounting platform, an inner ring mounting structure, an outer ring clamping structure, an alternating electromagnetic generation module, a high-frequency conversion module, an acoustic emission detection module and an industrial personal computer; the inner ring mounting structure is positioned and mounted on the high-rigidity mounting platform, lifting of the inner ring mounting structure is controlled by a motor, and a mandrel of a tested bearing inner ring test piece is mounted on the inner ring mounting structure by a screw; the outer ring clamping structure is fixed with the high-rigidity mounting platform through bolts after being adjusted to the fixed position of the tested bearing outer ring test piece through a guide groove on the high-rigidity mounting platform, so that the tested bearing outer ring test piece is clamped and fixed; the alternating electromagnetic generating module consists of two strong magneto-electric magnets which are arranged at a certain angle and an angle adjusting structure, and is arranged right below the high-rigidity mounting platform; the high-frequency conversion module is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module through a cable; the acoustic emission detection module is used for detecting acoustic signals of the tested bearing and analyzing failure characteristic signals and evolution rules; the industrial personal computer controls the start and stop of the alternating electromagnetic generation module, the high-frequency conversion module and the acoustic emission detection module, and performs amplitude modulation and frequency modulation processing and stores acoustic signals transmitted back by the acoustic emission detection module;
the high-frequency conversion module converts 220V and 50Hz alternating current into high-frequency electric signals above 1000Hz, transmits the high-frequency electric signals to the alternating electromagnetic generation module through the magnetism isolating cable, converts a group of strong magnetism magnets in the alternating electromagnetic generation module into a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, enables the rolling body of the tested bearing to roll to one side along a rolling path formed by the test piece of the inner ring of the tested bearing and the test piece of the outer ring of the tested bearing under the action of the magnetic field, and rolls to the other side after the alternating conversion of the magnetic field, so that the repeated rolling process is realized;
the acoustic emission detection module consists of an acoustic emission sensor, a non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod and a signal conditioning instrument, wherein the acoustic emission sensor is attached to the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod, the non-magnetic sound transmission medium rod is adhered to one side of the bottom end of a tested bearing outer ring test piece, meanwhile, the acoustic emission sensor is connected with the signal conditioning instrument through a magnetic insulation cable, the acoustic emission sensor is connected with the signal conditioning instrument through a signal transmission line, and the signal conditioning instrument is arranged in an industrial personal computer.
2. The variable frequency electromagnetic drive roller-race failure principle test device of claim 1, wherein: the high-frequency conversion module is connected with the alternating electromagnetic generation module through a magnetic isolation cable, and receives a control signal from the industrial personal computer through the magnetic isolation cable.
3. The variable frequency electromagnetic drive roller-race failure principle test device of claim 1, wherein: the inner ring installation structure comprises a liftable upright post, a motor, a bolt, a shaft sleeve and a small bearing, wherein the liftable upright post is used for adjusting the lifting height through motor driving and is used for adjusting and installing a tested bearing; the small bearing and the shaft sleeve are fixed on the liftable upright post by the bolts and move together with the liftable upright post; the small bearing is used for guaranteeing the rotation freedom degree of the test piece of the inner ring of the tested bearing, so that the test piece of the inner ring of the tested bearing can be driven to rotate when the rolling body of the tested bearing repeatedly moves along the rollaway nest under the action of the alternating magnetic field.
CN202210510438.9A 2022-05-11 2022-05-11 Variable-frequency electromagnetic drive roller-raceway failure principle test device Active CN114739675B (en)

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CN204405804U (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-06-17 湖南东昌测控机电有限公司 A kind of high efficiency motor performance test system
CN106053072A (en) * 2016-07-20 2016-10-26 西南交通大学 High-speed train axle box bearing test bench based on vibration rolling
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