CN114737933A - Long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity drive - Google Patents
Long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN114737933A CN114737933A CN202210504995.XA CN202210504995A CN114737933A CN 114737933 A CN114737933 A CN 114737933A CN 202210504995 A CN202210504995 A CN 202210504995A CN 114737933 A CN114737933 A CN 114737933A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding. The experimental device consists of a high-pressure displacement pump, a crude oil intermediate container, a gas intermediate container, a confining pressure pump, a back pressure valve, a back pressure pump, a pressure sensor, a switch valve, a long rock core holder, an angle measuring instrument and an auxiliary device. The auxiliary device consists of a support frame, a slide block, a fixed hoop, a chain wheel, a motor, a thermostat, a circulating power pump and a water bath sleeve. According to the auxiliary device in the experimental device, the motor drives the chain wheel to rotate, the long core holder is inclined at different angles in the support frame, various structures of different oil fields are simulated, meanwhile, the heating is carried out in a circulating water bath heating mode, the constant experimental temperature is ensured, the problems that an existing device is provided with a large thermostat, the size is large, the temperature rise is slow, the long core cannot be inclined at large angles or the temperature is unstable are solved, and the auxiliary device has important practical significance for researching the improvement of the recovery ratio of top gas injection gravity flooding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating oilfield indoor development, in particular to a long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding.
Background
The top gas injection gravity flooding is an effective method for exploiting residual oil on the top of an oil reservoir with a anticline structure, a broken nose structure and a buried hill structure, and the basic process is to continuously inject gas from an injection well on the top of the oil reservoir and produce from a production well at the lower part of the oil reservoir. The density difference between the injected gas and the crude oil is utilized to inhibit viscous fingering, so that the sweep efficiency is improved, and the recovery ratio is greatly improved. To better establish a development plan for a suitable target reservoir, experiments are typically conducted indoors to study the effect of top-injection gravity flooding on reservoir recovery. The existing long core experiment device is mainly divided into two types, one type is that a long core holder (such as Chinese patent CN201310133309.3) is placed in a horizontal or slightly inclined angle in an oven, the long core displacement device can carry out high-temperature and high-pressure experiments and simulation experiments of horizontal or low-inclined angle anticline strata, the whole device is large in size, inconvenient to move, high in energy consumption, slow in temperature rise and limited in internal space, and when the high-temperature and high-pressure simulation experiments are carried out, experimenters need to enter the oven for pipeline switching, so that the operators are easily scalded, and potential safety hazards exist; the other type is that long rock core holder outside is adorned heat preservation shell or heating jacket (like chinese patent CN201820959593.8), can carry out high temperature high pressure experiment and the great anticline stratum simulation experiment in inclination, effectively solved the oven bulky, the inner space is limited scheduling problem, nevertheless when need carry out different angle inclinations to long rock core holder, because of there is not special mechanical device to carry out the angle slope to long rock core holder, need lean on the mode of manpower to come to incline it, because long rock core holder quality itself is great, the manpower mode not only can't the angle of its slope of accurate control, and the potential safety hazard is very big, cause very easily pounding to the experimenter.
In order to simulate the development effect of top gas injection gravity flooding, experimental research (Liu constant, carbonate rock top gas injection gravity flooding enhanced recovery ratio experimental research [ J ]. college and college of high petrochemical engineering, 2021,34(02):42-46.) is carried out on the top gas injection gravity immiscible process in China, and the difference of the horizontal gas injection and the top gas injection extraction degree is contrastively analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a long core experimental device for simulating top gas injection gravity drive, which gets rid of the dependence of a long core holder on a large-scale oven, is good at simulating various structures of different oil fields, provides different inclination angles, is simple and easy to operate, is convenient to move, adopts a water bath heating mode for heating, ensures constant experimental temperature, eliminates the influence of temperature on experimental results, has a cooling function, can quickly cool the long core holder, greatly shortens the experimental time and the like, solves the problem that the long core holder is not easy to incline, and realizes the inclination of the long core at different angles (0-90 degrees).
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A long rock core experimental device for simulating top gas injection gravity drive comprises a high-pressure displacement pump, a crude oil intermediate container, a gas intermediate container, a confining pressure pump, a back pressure valve, a back pressure pump, a pressure sensor, a switch valve, a long rock core holder, an angle measuring instrument and an auxiliary device; the auxiliary device consists of a lifting mechanism, a transmission system, a power system and a constant temperature system;
the lifting mechanism comprises a support frame, a sliding block and a fixing hoop; the supporting frame is formed by cold bending heavy C-shaped steel upright column, is integrally of a vertical structure and is divided into a vertical frame and a horizontal base, a chain wheel shaft is arranged at the top end of the vertical frame, sliding tracks are designed on two sides of the frame, the horizontal base is divided into a horizontal frame and a balance table, two chain wheel shafts are arranged at two ends of the horizontal frame respectively and are used for fixing chain wheels, sliding tracks are also designed on two sides of the horizontal frame, the sliding blocks are guaranteed to freely slide in the tracks, the balance table is designed to be solid steel, on one hand, the stability of the whole device during lifting is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the supporting frame is used for placing a motor; the sliding block is provided with an inlet sliding block and an outlet sliding block, the inlet end sliding block is positioned in the vertical track, the outlet end sliding block is positioned in the horizontal track, the middle part of the sliding block is U-shaped, a bearing for connecting a fixed hoop is arranged in the sliding block, the fixed hoop fixed with the long rock core holder can freely rotate in a U-shaped groove of the sliding block, and a tapered roller bearing is adopted as an inner bearing of the sliding block; the fixed hoop is provided with two fixed hoops at an inlet and an outlet, the fixed hoop consists of an upper end and a lower end, the left end and the right end of the lower end of the fixed hoop are respectively provided with a shaft for connecting with bearings in sliding blocks at the inlet and the outlet, so that the fixed hoop can rotate freely, the upper end and the lower end of the fixed hoop are respectively provided with a part of embedded iron blocks for matching, so that the force applied to the fixed hoop in the axial direction and the transverse direction can be reduced, and the upper end and the lower end of the fixed hoop are locked by screws;
the transmission system comprises a driving chain wheel I, a driven chain wheel II, a driven chain wheel III, a driven chain wheel IV and a chain; the chain fixing points are sequentially connected with a chain, a driven chain wheel III, a chain, a driven chain wheel II, a chain, a driving chain wheel I, a chain, a driven chain wheel IV and a chain; the material of the chain wheel is No. 45 steel, and the heat treatment adopts quenching and tempering and surface quenching; selecting a roller chain with a chain number of 20A;
the power system comprises a motor, the motor is connected with a driving chain wheel I through an output shaft of the motor to provide power for the whole transmission system, and meanwhile, the whole transmission system is driven to reciprocate through adjusting different modes (forward rotation and reverse rotation) of the motor, so that the long rock core holder can be inclined at different angles;
the constant temperature system comprises a circulating power pump, a constant temperature box and a water bath sleeve, wherein the outlet of the circulating power pump is connected with the inlet of the constant temperature box, and the inlet of the circulating power pump is connected with the outlet of the water bath sleeve, so that the continuous circulation of liquid in the whole constant temperature system is realized; the thermostat is internally provided with a heating device and a cooling device, and can heat and cool the fluid flowing through the box body by setting the temperature; the water bath sleeve is wrapped on the surface of the long core holder, the liquid cavity is formed inside the water bath sleeve, and fluid in the liquid cavity continuously flows in and out to heat and cool the long core holder.
A long core experiment method for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a rock core, drying, weighing, testing the porosity and permeability of the rock core, vacuumizing the rock core, saturating crude oil under formation pressure, taking out the saturated rock core, weighing, then putting the rock core into a rubber sleeve after uniformly mixing and sorting, and putting the rock core into a long rock core holder;
(2) horizontally fixing the long core holder on a support frame, connecting a pipeline, starting a circulating power pump, setting the temperature of a constant temperature box, and heating the long core holder to the formation temperature;
(3) turning on a power supply of a motor, enabling the long rock core holder to slide along a support frame rail under the driving of a transmission system, observing an angle measuring instrument to determine an inclination angle, and turning off the power supply when the long rock core holder inclines to a required inclination angle;
(4) the pressure of the intermediate container filled with the crude oil is increased to the formation pressure through a high-pressure displacement pump, and the intermediate container filled with the nitrogen is pressurized to 40 MPa;
(5) and (3) leak detection: opening a confining pressure pump and a back pressure pump, opening a valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, then closing the valve, opening a valve at the inlet and outlet ends of the long rock core holder, waiting for 10 minutes, observing confining pressure, back pressure and inlet and outlet pressure, starting to build pressure if the pressure does not change, and checking leakage by using foam water if the pressure is reduced;
(6) building pressure: opening an upper end valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, closing the valve after a few seconds, opening an inlet end valve of the long rock core holder, repeating the operation until the formation pressure is reached, and simultaneously synchronously increasing the pressure of confining pressure and back pressure;
(7) when the pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the long core holder rises to the formation pressure, closing the middle container filled with nitrogen, opening valves at two ends of the long core holder and the middle container filled with crude oil, driving the crude oil into the core by a high-pressure displacement pump in a constant speed mode to saturate the core, recording the discharge capacity and the oil output of the pump, and closing the valve at the upper end of the middle container filled with the crude oil after the oil output speed is stable;
(8) opening a valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, carrying out displacement by a high-pressure displacement pump in a constant speed mode, and recording the displacement, the oil output and the gas quantity of the pump;
(9) and after the oil does not flow out from the outlet, stopping feeding the pump, closing the valve at the inlet end, and releasing the pressure.
The invention has the following beneficial effects
The long core experimental device for simulating top gas injection gravity drive solves the problem that a long core holder cannot be inclined, realizes an indoor top gas injection gravity drive experiment, and has the following advantages: the device can accurately perform a top gas injection gravity displacement experiment and other long core displacement experiments under the artificially set temperature and pressure, and can realize the inclination of the long core holder at different angles (0-90 degrees); the device is simple and convenient; and the heating is carried out by adopting a water bath heating mode, so that the constant experiment temperature is ensured, the influence of the temperature on the experiment result is eliminated, the cooling function is realized, the long core holder can be rapidly cooled, and the time required by the experiment is greatly shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary device of a long core experimental device for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inner slide block of the auxiliary device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the auxiliary device inner fixing hoop.
FIG. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a long core experimental method simulating top gas injection gravity flooding.
Description of reference numerals:
1-high pressure displacement pump; 2. 3, 6, 7, 14-valves; 4-an intermediate vessel containing crude oil; 5-an intermediate container filled with nitrogen; 8. 10, 12, 16-pressure gauge; 9-an auxiliary device; 11-a confining pressure pump; 13-a back pressure valve; 15-back pressure pump; 17-a test tube; 18-a gas flow meter; 19-a circulating power pump; 20-a constant temperature box; 91-driven sprocket I; 92-a motor; 93-driving sprocket I; 94-a chain; 95-driven sprocket II; 96-driven sprocket III; 97-a steel wire rope; 98-inlet end fixing hoop; 99-inlet end slide; 910-a support; 911-long core holder; 912-outlet end fixing hoop; 913-an outlet end slide; 914-driven sprocket IV; 915-water bath sleeve; 916-angle instrument.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better understanding of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an auxiliary device for a long core experimental device for simulating top gas injection gravity drive, the structural schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the device comprises four parts, namely a lifting mechanism, a transmission system, a power system and a constant temperature system.
The lifting mechanism comprises a support frame 911, sliding blocks (99, 913) and fixing hoops (98, 912); the support frame 911 is formed by cold-bending heavy C-shaped steel upright column steel, is integrally of a vertical structure and is divided into a vertical frame and a horizontal base, the top end of the vertical frame is provided with a shaft matched with a driven wheel II 95, two sides of the vertical frame are provided with sliding rails, the horizontal base is divided into a horizontal frame and a balance table, two ends of the horizontal frame are respectively provided with two chain wheel shafts for fixing chain wheels, the two sides of the horizontal frame are also provided with the sliding rails, a sliding block is guaranteed to freely slide in the rails, the balance table is designed to be solid steel, on one hand, the stability of the whole device during lifting is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the support frame is used for placing the motor 92;
the slide block is provided with an inlet end slide block (99) and an outlet end slide block (913), the inlet end slide block (99) is positioned in the vertical frame track, the outlet end slide block (913) is positioned in the horizontal frame, as shown in figure 2, the middle part of the slide block is provided with a U-shaped groove, two sides of the groove are respectively provided with a bearing for connecting a fixed hoop, and the fixed hoop fixed with the long core holder can freely rotate in the U-shaped groove of the slide block; as shown in fig. 3, the entrance and exit fixing hoops 912 and 98 are provided with a shaft at the left and right of the lower end of the fixing hoop for connecting with a bearing in a sliding block to realize free rotation of the fixing hoop, the middle part of the fixing hoop is used for clamping a long core holder, the upper end and the lower end of the fixing hoop are respectively provided with a part of embedded iron blocks for matching, the force applied to the fixing hoop in the axial direction and the transverse direction is reduced, and the upper end and the lower end of the fixing hoop are locked by screws;
the transmission system comprises a driving chain wheel I93, a driven chain wheel I91, a driven chain wheel II 95, a driven chain wheel III 96, a driven chain wheel IV 914 and a chain 94, wherein the chain 94-the driven chain wheel III 96-the chain 94-the driven chain wheel II 95-the chain 94-the driving chain wheel I93-the chain 94-the driven chain wheel I91-the chain 94-the driven chain wheel IV 914-the chain 94 are sequentially connected by chain fixing points, the driven chain wheel III 96 and the driven chain wheel IV 914 are respectively connected with an inlet end slide block 99 and an outlet end slide block 913 through a steel wire rope 97, and the whole transmission system drives the slide blocks to move along a slide rail;
the power system comprises a motor 92, the motor 92 is placed on the base of the support frame 910, an output shaft of the motor 92 is connected with a driving chain wheel I93 to provide power for the whole transmission system, and meanwhile, the whole transmission system is driven to reciprocate by adjusting different modes (forward rotation and reverse rotation) of the motor to finish the inclination of the long core holder at different angles;
the constant temperature system comprises a circulating power pump 19, a constant temperature box 20 and a water bath sleeve 915, wherein an outlet of the circulating power pump 19 is connected with an inlet of the constant temperature box 20, and an inlet of the circulating power pump is connected with an outlet of the water bath sleeve 915, so that the continuous circulation of liquid in the whole constant temperature system is realized; the constant temperature box 20 is internally provided with a heating device and a cooling device, and can heat and cool the fluid flowing through the box body by setting the temperature; the water bath jacket 915 wraps the surface of the long core holder 911, the inside of the water bath jacket is a liquid cavity, and fluid in the liquid cavity continuously flows in and out to heat and cool the long core holder 911.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a long core experimental method for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding, wherein the method utilizes an auxiliary device of a long core experimental apparatus for simulating top gas injection gravity flooding provided in example 1, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(1) cleaning a plurality of short cores, placing the short cores in an oven for drying and weighing, testing the porosity and permeability of the cores, placing the short cores in an intermediate container for vacuumizing, fully saturating crude oil (24h) under the pressure of 50MPa, taking out the saturated cores, weighing, then placing the short cores into a rubber sleeve after blending and average sequencing, and then placing the short cores into a long core holder;
(2) horizontally fixing the long core holder 911 on the support frame 910 through the inlet and outlet fixing hoops 912 and 98, connecting the long core holder with pipelines, starting the circulating power pump 19, setting the temperature of the thermostat 20 to be 70 ℃, and heating the long core holder 911;
(3) turning on a power supply of the motor 92 to enable the long core holder 911 to slide along the track of the support frame 910 under the driving of the transmission system, observing the angle instrument 916, and turning off the power supply of the motor 92 when the long core holder 911 is in a vertical state;
(4) the pressure of the intermediate container 4 filled with crude oil is increased to 30MPa by a high-pressure displacement pump 1, and the intermediate container 5 filled with nitrogen is pressurized to 40 MPa;
(5) and (3) leak detection: opening a confining pressure pump 11 and a back pressure pump 15, increasing the confining pressure to 5MPa, increasing the back pressure to 1MPa, opening an upper end valve of an intermediate container 5 filled with nitrogen, closing the valve after a few seconds, opening an outlet end valve of the long core holder, increasing the back pressure to 5MPa when a gas flow meter has a reading, ensuring that an outlet does not outgas any gas, waiting for 10 minutes, observing the confining pressure, the back pressure and the inlet and outlet pressure, starting to build the pressure if the pressure does not change, and checking leakage by using foam water if the pressure is reduced;
(6) building pressure: opening confining pressure pump 11 and back pressure pump 15, improving confining pressure and back pressure to 5MPa, opening the upper end valve of the middle container 5 that is equipped with nitrogen gas to close this valve after a few seconds, open long rock core holder 911 entry end valve, repeat this operation until 30MPa, improve the pressure of confining pressure and back pressure through confining pressure pump 11 and back pressure pump 15 in step simultaneously, keep confining pressure and confining pressure to be higher than access & exit pressure 5 ~ 9MPa all the time, build the pressure result: the confining pressure is 35MPa, the back pressure is 30MPa, and the inlet and outlet pressure is 30 MPa;
(7) when the pressure of the inlet and outlet of the long core holder 911 is increased to 30MPa, closing the middle container 5 filled with nitrogen, opening valves at two ends of the long core holder 911 and the middle container 4 filled with crude oil, driving the crude oil into the core by the high-pressure displacement pump 1 at the speed of 0.05ml/min to saturate the core, recording the discharge capacity of the high-pressure displacement pump 1 and the oil output of the test tube 17, and closing the valve at the upper end of the middle container 4 filled with the crude oil after the oil output speed is stable;
(8) opening valves at two ends of an intermediate container 5 filled with nitrogen, displacing the high-pressure displacement pump 1 at a displacement speed of 0.01ml/min, and recording the discharge capacity of the high-pressure displacement pump 1, the oil output amount in the test tube 17 and the gas amount of the gas meter 18;
(9) and after the oil does not flow out from the outlet, stopping pumping, closing the valve at the inlet end, and releasing the pressure.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A long rock core experimental device and a method for simulating top gas injection gravity drive are disclosed, wherein the experimental device consists of a high-pressure displacement pump, a crude oil intermediate container, a gas intermediate container, a confining pressure pump, a back pressure valve, a back pressure pump, a pressure sensor, a switch valve, a long rock core holder, an angle measuring instrument and an auxiliary device; the auxiliary device consists of a lifting mechanism, a transmission system, a power system and a constant temperature system.
2. The lifting mechanism of claim 1, comprising a support frame, a slider, and a fixing hoop; the supporting frame is formed by cold bending heavy C-shaped steel upright column, is integrally of a vertical structure and is divided into a vertical frame and a horizontal base, a chain wheel shaft is arranged at the top end of the vertical frame, sliding tracks are designed on two sides of the frame, the horizontal base is divided into a horizontal frame and a balance table, two chain wheel shafts are arranged at two ends of the horizontal frame respectively and are used for fixing chain wheels, sliding tracks are also designed on two sides of the horizontal frame, the sliding blocks are guaranteed to freely slide in the tracks, the balance table is designed to be solid steel, on one hand, the stability of the whole device during lifting is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the supporting frame is used for placing a motor; the sliding block is provided with an inlet sliding block and an outlet sliding block, the inlet end sliding block is positioned in the vertical track, the outlet end sliding block is positioned in the horizontal track, the middle part of the sliding block is U-shaped, a bearing for connecting a fixed hoop is arranged in the sliding block, the fixed hoop fixed with the long rock core holder can freely rotate in a U-shaped groove of the sliding block, and a tapered roller bearing is adopted as an inner bearing of the sliding block; the fixed hoop is provided with two fixed hoops at an inlet and an outlet, the fixed hoop is composed of an upper end and a lower end, the left end and the right end of the lower end of the fixed hoop are respectively provided with a shaft for being connected with an inner bearing of a sliding block at the inlet and the outlet, the fixed hoop can rotate freely, partial embedded iron blocks are designed at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed hoop respectively to be matched, the force applied to the fixed hoop in the axial direction in the transverse direction is reduced, and the upper end and the lower end of the fixed hoop are locked by screws.
3. The transmission system of claim 1, comprising a driving sprocket I, a driven sprocket II, a driven sprocket III, a driven sprocket IV and a chain; the chain fixing points are sequentially connected with a chain, a driven chain wheel III, a chain, a driven chain wheel II, a chain, a driving chain wheel I, a chain, a driven chain wheel IV and a chain; the material of the chain wheel is No. 45 steel, and the heat treatment adopts quenching and tempering and surface quenching; the chain was selected from roller chains of chain number 20A.
4. The power system as claimed in claim 1 comprises a motor, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a driving chain wheel I to provide power for the whole transmission system, and the whole transmission system is driven to reciprocate by adjusting different modes (forward rotation and reverse rotation) of the motor, so that the long rock core holder can be inclined at different angles.
5. The constant temperature system of claim 1 comprises a circulating power pump, a constant temperature box and a water bath sleeve, wherein an outlet of the circulating power pump is connected with an inlet of the constant temperature box, and an inlet of the circulating power pump is connected with an outlet of the water bath sleeve, so that the continuous circulation of liquid in the whole constant temperature system is realized; the thermostat is internally provided with a heating device and a cooling device, and can heat and cool the fluid flowing through the box body by setting the temperature; the water bath sleeve is wrapped on the surface of the long core holder, the liquid cavity is formed inside the water bath sleeve, and fluid in the liquid cavity continuously flows in and out to heat and cool the long core holder.
6. The method for simulating a long core experiment for top gas injection gravity flooding according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning a rock core, drying, weighing, testing the porosity and permeability of the rock core, vacuumizing the rock core, saturating crude oil under formation pressure, taking out the saturated rock core, weighing, then putting the rock core into a rubber sleeve after uniformly mixing and sorting, and putting the rock core into a long rock core holder;
(2) horizontally fixing the long core holder on a support frame, connecting a pipeline, starting a circulating power pump, setting the temperature of a constant temperature box, and heating the long core holder to the formation temperature;
(3) turning on a power supply of a motor, enabling the long rock core holder to slide along a support frame rail under the driving of a transmission system, observing an angle measuring instrument to determine an inclination angle, and turning off the power supply when the long rock core holder inclines to a required inclination angle;
(4) the pressure of the intermediate container filled with the crude oil is increased to the formation pressure through a high-pressure displacement pump, and the intermediate container filled with the nitrogen is pressurized to 40 MPa;
(5) and (3) leak detection: opening a confining pressure pump and a back pressure pump, opening a valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, then closing the valve, opening a valve at the inlet and outlet ends of the long rock core holder, waiting for 10 minutes, observing confining pressure, back pressure and inlet and outlet pressure, starting to build pressure if the pressure does not change, and checking leakage by using foam water if the pressure is reduced;
(6) building pressure: opening an upper end valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, closing the valve after a few seconds, opening an inlet end valve of the long rock core holder, repeating the operation until the formation pressure is reached, and simultaneously synchronously increasing the pressure of confining pressure and back pressure;
(7) when the pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the long core holder rises to the formation pressure, closing the middle container filled with nitrogen, opening valves at two ends of the long core holder and the middle container filled with crude oil, driving the crude oil into the core by a high-pressure displacement pump in a constant speed mode to saturate the core, recording the discharge capacity and the oil output of the pump, and closing the valve at the upper end of the middle container filled with the crude oil after the oil output speed is stable;
(8) opening a valve of an intermediate container filled with nitrogen, displacing the high-pressure displacement pump in a constant speed mode, and recording the displacement, the oil output and the air quantity of the pump;
(9) and after the oil does not flow out from the outlet, stopping pumping, closing the valve at the inlet end, and releasing the pressure.
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