CN114736685A - Method for producing water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste - Google Patents

Method for producing water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste Download PDF

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CN114736685A
CN114736685A CN202210209024.2A CN202210209024A CN114736685A CN 114736685 A CN114736685 A CN 114736685A CN 202210209024 A CN202210209024 A CN 202210209024A CN 114736685 A CN114736685 A CN 114736685A
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alkali
solid waste
soil conditioner
containing solid
water
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孙俊民
王勇
王沛祎
吴悦
李永超
李运改
陈杨
王娜
高磊磊
严春霞
郭迎宾
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Datang Tongzhou Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/06Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2107/00Impermeabilisation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which solves the technical problem that the water-retaining property of the soil conditioner is poor when coal ash, industrial solid waste and the like are used for preparing the soil conditioner in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of respectively controlling the ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide molecules in the mixed powder in the preparation step, namely Ca/S = 0.8-1.2; and (3) controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S =3:1-5:1 and the total base number NT =10-50g/L in the mixed slurry, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis reaction on the prepared mixed slurry in a reaction tank under the condition of constant pressure and constant temperature and stirring. The production method of the soil conditioner has simple and feasible process, all the raw materials are industrial solid wastes, the problems of land occupation and environmental pollution caused by bulk solid wastes can be effectively solved, and meanwhile, the obtained product is a novel soil conditioner with good water retention property, has good economic benefit, is beneficial to improvement of ecological environment, is technically and economically feasible, and has great popularization and application values.

Description

Method for producing water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water-retaining soil conditioner, in particular to a method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste.
Background
The main sources of industrial solid waste include: coal gangue produced in coal industry; blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud and the like generated in metallurgical industry; fly ash and slag produced by fuel power plants and urban central heating systems; chemical gypsum, carbide slag, caustic sludge, and the like produced in the chemical industry and other industries; waste rock and tailings generated by mining metal ores, and the like. The industrial solid wastes have the characteristics of alkali or high silicon, the generation and the storage amount of the industrial solid wastes are large, the comprehensive utilization rate is greatly different in different areas and industries, particularly, the comprehensive utilization rate of the alkali-containing solid wastes such as red mud is low, the environmental hazard is large, and the resource utilization is very urgent.
Most of northwest large coal and electricity bases are located in arid and semiarid regions, the annual precipitation is rare, the ecological degradation is serious, and water-retaining soil conditioners are urgently needed to comprehensively treat the regions, if alkali-containing solid wastes and other solid wastes can be cooperatively utilized to produce the water-retaining soil conditioners, the water-retaining soil conditioners are beneficial to utilization of a large amount of solid wastes and local ecological restoration, however, if the fly ash, the industrial solid wastes and the like are directly used for preparing the soil conditioners, the defects of poor water-retaining property and inapplicability to northwest regions with serious water shortage exist, and reasonable configuration and adjustment are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, coal ash, industrial solid waste and the like are used for preparing the soil conditioner, the water-retaining property of the soil conditioner is poor, and the soil conditioner is not suitable for northwest areas with serious water shortage.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s1 chemical component analysis is carried out on the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source respectively, and the fly ash SiO is2≥40%、SiO2+Al2O3≥85%;
S2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely, the Ca/S is 0.8-1.2, and stirring at the speed of 5-10 r/min;
s4, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water into the mixed powder prepared in the step S3 according to the chemical component analysis result, and calculating and controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S of the mixed slurry to be 3:1-5:1 and the full base number NT to be 10-50 g/L;
s5, keeping the temperature and stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank at normal pressure to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction;
s6, filtering and washing the mixed slurry after the steps are finished, adding solid waste desulfurized gypsum or domestic sludge of an electric power plant into a filter cake obtained by filtering, wherein the pH of the treated filter cake is 6-8, and the specific surface area is 70-150m2The porosity is 0.2-0.5 mL/g.
Optionally or preferably, the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag.
Alternatively or preferably, the calcium source is any one of quicklime and carbide slag containing free calcium oxide.
Optionally or preferably, the method further comprises step S7: and (4) adding a proper amount of lime into the filtrate obtained by filtering in the step S6 for alkali recovery, and recycling the lime into the step S5, wherein the molecular ratio of effective calcium contained in the lime to sodium silicate in the filtrate is 1.05-1.10.
Optionally or preferably, the method further comprises step S8: and (5) granulating, drying and packaging the soil conditioner prepared in the step (S6) by using a disk granulator to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
Optionally or preferably, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction in the step S5 is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 0.5-1h, and the stirring speed is 10-30 r/min.
Alternatively or preferably, the chemical composition analysis in the step S1 is a chemical composition analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide and free calcium oxide.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) according to the method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste, the ratio of calcium oxide ions to silicon dioxide molecules in the components is controlled, so that a calcium silicate phase with larger specific surface area and porosity can be generated in the hydrothermal synthesis reaction process, the final product soil conditioner is ensured to have good water-retaining property, the soil structure is improved, and the soil nutrient loss is reduced. Under the condition that the liquid-solid ratio L/S of the slurry is controlled to be 3:1-5:1 and the total alkali NT in the slurry after mixing is controlled to be 10-50g/L, the speed of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction for generating calcium silicate is favorably improved, parameters such as specific surface area and the like of the calcium silicate generated under the condition are better, and the performances such as water retention and the like of a soil conditioner are also better. The production method of the soil conditioner is simple and feasible in process, all the raw materials are industrial solid wastes, the problems that large quantities of solid wastes occupy land and pollute the environment can be effectively solved, meanwhile, the obtained product is a novel soil conditioner with good water retention property, the method has good economic benefit, is beneficial to improvement of ecological environment, is technically and economically feasible, and has great popularization and application values.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, respectively carrying out chemical component analysis on the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source;
s2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, and controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely, the Ca/S is 0.8-1.2;
s4, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water into the mixed powder prepared in the step S3 according to the chemical component analysis result, and calculating and controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S of the mixed slurry to be 3:1-5:1 and the full base number NT to be 10-50 g/L;
s5, keeping the temperature and stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank at normal pressure to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction;
s6, filtering the mixed slurry after the steps are finished, adding the solid waste desulfurized gypsum or domestic sludge of the electric power plant into a filter cake obtained by filtering, wherein the PH value of the filter cake after treatment is 6-8, the specific surface area is 70-150m2/g, and the porosity is 0.2-0.5 mL/g.
As an optional embodiment, the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag.
As an alternative embodiment, the calcium source is any one of quicklime and carbide slag containing free calcium oxide.
As an optional implementation manner, the method further includes step S7: and (4) adding a proper amount of lime into the filtrate obtained by filtering in the step S6 for alkali recovery, and recycling the lime into the step S5, wherein the molecular ratio of effective calcium contained in the lime to sodium silicate in the filtrate is 1.05-1.10.
As an optional implementation manner, the method further includes step S8: and (5) drying the soil conditioner prepared in the step (S6) by using a disc granulator, adding 20% of cow dung or domestic sludge, granulating, and packaging to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
As an optional implementation mode, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction in the step S5 is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 0.5-1h, and the stirring speed is 10-30 r/min.
As an alternative embodiment, the chemical composition analysis in step S1 is the chemical composition analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide and free calcium oxide.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, respectively carrying out chemical component analysis on the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source:
the chemical component analysis is the chemical component analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide and free calcium oxide;
the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag, and the calcium source is any one of quick lime containing free calcium oxide and carbide slag;
s2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely Ca/S is 0.8, and stirring at a speed of 6 r/min;
s4, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water to the mixed powder prepared in step S3 according to the chemical component analysis result, and calculating and controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S of the mixed slurry to 3:1 and the total alkali number NT to 10 g/L;
s5, stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank under normal pressure and heat preservation to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 0.5, and the stirring speed is 10 r/min;
s6, filtering the mixed slurry after the steps are finished, adding solid waste desulfurized gypsum of an electric power plant or introducing flue gas into a filter cake obtained by filtering, wherein the pH of the treated filter cake is 6, and the specific surface area is 70m2And the porosity is 0.2 mL/g.
S7 an appropriate amount of lime is added to the filtrate obtained by filtration in step S6 to recover alkali, and this is recycled in step S5.
S8, drying the soil conditioner prepared in the step S6, adding 20% of cow dung, granulating and packaging to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, respectively analyzing chemical components of the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source:
the chemical component analysis is the chemical component analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide and free calcium oxide;
the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag, and the calcium source is any one of quick lime containing free calcium oxide and carbide slag;
s2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely Ca/S is 1.2, and stirring at 8 r/min;
s4, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water to the mixed powder prepared in step S3 according to the chemical component analysis result, and calculating and controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S of the mixed slurry to 5:1 and the total alkali number NT to 50 g/L;
s5, stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank under normal pressure and heat preservation to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 1h, and the stirring speed is 30 r/min;
s6, filtering the mixed slurry after the steps are finished, adding solid waste desulfurized gypsum of an electric plant or introducing flue gas into a filter cake obtained by filtering, wherein the PH of the treated filter cake is 8, and the specific surface area is 150m2And the porosity is 0.5 mL/g.
S7 an appropriate amount of lime is added to the filtrate obtained by filtration in step S6 to recover alkali, and this is recycled in step S5.
S8, drying the soil conditioner prepared in the step S6, adding 20% of domestic sludge, granulating and packaging to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides a method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste, which comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, respectively analyzing chemical components of the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source:
the chemical component analysis is the chemical component analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide and free calcium oxide;
the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag, and the calcium source is any one of quick lime containing free calcium oxide and carbide slag;
s2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely Ca/S is 1, and stirring at a speed of 7 r/min;
s4, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water to the mixed powder prepared in step S3 according to the chemical component analysis result, and calculating and controlling a liquid-solid ratio L/S of 4:1 and a total base number NT of 30g/L in the mixed slurry;
s5, stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank under normal pressure and heat preservation to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction, wherein the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 0.8h, and the stirring speed is 20 r/min;
s6 pair is completedFiltering the mixed slurry after the steps, adding solid waste desulfurized gypsum of an electric power plant or introducing flue gas into a filter cake obtained by filtering, wherein the PH value of the treated filter cake is 7, and the specific surface area is 110m2And the porosity is 0.3 mL/g.
S7 an appropriate amount of lime is added to the filtrate obtained by filtration in step S6 to recover alkali, and this is recycled in step S5.
S8, drying the soil conditioner prepared in the step S6, adding 20% of cow dung, granulating and packaging to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 3, comparative example 1 has the following difference that the free calcium oxide to silica molecular ratio in the mixed powder, i.e., Ca/S ═ 2, is controlled in step S3.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 3, comparative example 2 has the following difference that the free calcium oxide to silica molecular ratio in the mixed powder, i.e., Ca/S, is controlled to 0.4 in step S3.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 3, comparative example 3 has the following differences, i.e., the slurry liquid-solid ratio L/S in step S4 is 7:1, and the total alkali NT in the slurry after mixing is 70g/L.
Comparative example 4
In comparison with example 3, comparative example 4 has the following difference that the slurry liquid-solid ratio L/S is 1:1 and the total alkali NT in the slurry after mixing is 5 g/L.
The result of the detection
The porosity measuring method is a water-holding porosity measuring method in the standard vegetable seedling culture substrate NY-T2118-2012.
Examples Porosity of water holding Comparative example Porosity for water retention
Example 1 74% Comparative example 1 62%
Example 2 82% Comparative example 2 53%
Example 3 76% Comparative example 3 58%
Comparative example 4 47%
According to the method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste, the ratio of the ionized calcium oxide to the silicon dioxide molecules in the components is controlled, so that a calcium silicate phase with larger specific surface area and porosity can be generated in the hydrothermal synthesis reaction process, the final product soil conditioner is ensured to have good water-retaining property, the soil structure is improved, and the soil nutrient loss is reduced. The slurry liquid-solid ratio L/S is controlled to be 3:1-5:1, and the total alkali NT in the slurry after mixing is 10-50g/L, under the condition, the speed of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction for generating calcium silicate is favorably improved, parameters such as specific surface area and the like of the calcium silicate generated under the condition are better, and the performances such as water retention and the like of a soil conditioner are also better. The production method of the soil conditioner is simple and feasible in process, all the raw materials are industrial solid wastes, the problems that large quantities of solid wastes occupy land and pollute the environment can be effectively solved, meanwhile, the obtained product is a novel soil conditioner with good water retention property, the method has good economic benefit, is beneficial to improvement of ecological environment, is technically and economically feasible, and has great popularization and application values.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps of:
s1, respectively carrying out chemical component analysis on the raw material fly ash, the alkali-containing solid waste and the calcium source;
s2, grinding the raw materials to ensure that the fineness of the raw materials is less than 200 meshes;
s3, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding a calcium source and fly ash into a reaction device to prepare mixed powder, controlling the molecular ratio of free calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the mixed powder, namely Ca/S =0.8-1.2, and stirring at the speed of 5-10 r/min;
s4, according to the chemical component analysis result, adding alkali-containing solid waste and water into the mixed powder prepared in the step S3, calculating and controlling the liquid-solid ratio L/S =3:1-5:1 and the total alkali number NT =10-50g/L in the mixed slurry;
s5, keeping the temperature and stirring the mixed slurry prepared in the step S4 in a reaction tank at normal pressure to perform a hydrothermal synthesis reaction;
s6, filtering the mixed slurry after the steps are finished, and adding the solid waste desulfurized gypsum in the electric power plant into a filter cake obtained by filteringOr introducing flue gas, wherein the pH of the treated filter cake is =6-8, and the specific surface area is =70-150m2(ii)/g, porosity =0.2-0.5 mL/g.
2. The method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the alkali-containing solid waste is any one of red mud and calcium silicate slag.
3. The method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner using the alkali-containing solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calcium source is any one of quicklime containing free calcium oxide and carbide slag.
4. The method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner using alkali-containing solid waste according to claim 1, further comprising step S7: and adding a proper amount of lime into the filtrate obtained by filtering in the step S6 for alkali recovery, and recycling the lime in the step S5, wherein the molecular ratio of effective calcium contained in the lime to sodium silicate in the filtrate is 1.05-1.10.
5. The method for producing a water-retaining soil conditioner using alkali-containing solid waste according to claim 1, further comprising step S8: and (5) drying the soil conditioner prepared in the step (S6), adding 20% of cow dung or domestic sludge, granulating and packaging to obtain a product convenient to transport and use.
6. The method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction in the step S5 is 90-100 ℃, the reaction time is 0.5-1h, and the stirring speed is 10-30 r/min.
7. The method for producing the water-retaining soil conditioner by using the alkali-containing solid waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the chemical composition analysis in the step S1 is the chemical composition analysis of silicon oxide, sodium oxide, and free calcium oxide.
CN202210209024.2A 2022-03-04 2022-03-04 Method for producing water-retaining soil conditioner by using alkali-containing solid waste Pending CN114736685A (en)

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