CN114736527A - Ornament casting wax, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ornament casting wax, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114736527A CN114736527A CN202210384746.1A CN202210384746A CN114736527A CN 114736527 A CN114736527 A CN 114736527A CN 202210384746 A CN202210384746 A CN 202210384746A CN 114736527 A CN114736527 A CN 114736527A
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 174
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C2C3CC=CC3C1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleicacidamide-heptaglycolether Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)CO AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol distearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001911 maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000007766 cera flava Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000044283 Toxicodendron succedaneum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012165 plant wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L91/06—Waxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ornament casting wax materials, in particular to ornament casting wax, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% -70% of basic wax material; 2 to 5 percent of hardness regulator; 15 to 35 percent of viscosity regulator; 8 to 15 percent of toughness modifier; 1 to 4 percent of surfactant. The invention provides an ornament casting wax with the characteristics of moderate softening point, high strength, high surface smoothness, high toughness and high precision. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the ornament casting wax, which are suitable for the steel die injection process, low in cost and wide in market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ornament casting wax materials, in particular to ornament casting wax, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Precision investment casting is an advanced near-net-shape production process. Investment casting has the greatest advantage that because investment castings have high dimensional accuracy and surface finish, machining work can be reduced, and only a small machining allowance is left at a position with a high requirement on parts. Ornaments are luxury items, which are generally made of various precious metal materials, and therefore require very little loss and high precision in the manufacturing process, and investment casting is the most widely used ornament production process at present. Firstly, a designer or a manufacturer designs a framework of the ornament, the ornament casting manufacturer designs a mould according to the model, then the ornament casting wax material is pressed into the mould in a pressure injection mode to obtain a wax model of the ornament, and the required metal ornament can be obtained through the following procedures of wax tree grouping, slurry dipping, wax melting, metal liquid casting, post-treatment and the like.
At present, the ornament mold material is widely applied by a silicon rubber mold and a metal mold (steel mold), the silicon rubber mold occupies a higher position in the ornament mold material due to the advantages of shorter production period, simple production process and the like, but with the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, people have higher requirements on the precision and the quality of ornaments, and the silica gel mold is easy to deform, the problems of unstable weight, different thicknesses, easy shrinkage, insufficient brightness and the like of the prepared ornament wax model become abnormal prominences, and compared with the wax model obtained by the metal mold, the wax model has good surface quality, high smoothness, small deformation, high precision, more consistent weight and long service life of the mold, and the wax material is not required to be melted into liquid at high temperature during the steel die injection, so that the production cost is greatly reduced, and the excellent comprehensive performance makes the steel die injection process more and more popular with ornament casting manufacturers. Meanwhile, as most of the ornament casting wax materials commonly used in the market are matched with a silica gel mold injection molding process, the pressure is lower during injection, the hardness of the wax material is lower, the required material has higher toughness and extremely low viscosity simultaneously so as to ensure that a wax model is not easy to deform and has better surface quality, so that the ornament casting wax material is expensive, and the production cost of manufacturers is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the ornament casting wax which has the characteristics of moderate softening point, high strength, high surface finish, high toughness and high precision.
The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the ornament casting wax, which are suitable for the steel die injection process, low in cost and wide in market prospect.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the ornament casting wax comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the technical scheme is further improved in that the basic wax material is prepared by mixing paraffin, beeswax and graphite oxide modified rosin.
The technical scheme is further improved in that the mass ratio of the paraffin, the beeswax and the graphite oxide modified rosin is (10-20) to (50-70) to (20-30).
The technical scheme is further improved in that the paraffin is one or more of 58# fully refined paraffin, 60# fully refined paraffin, 62# fully refined paraffin, 64# fully refined paraffin, 66# fully refined paraffin, 58# semi-refined paraffin, 60# semi-refined paraffin, 62# semi-refined paraffin, 64# semi-refined paraffin and 66# semi-refined paraffin; the melting point of the beeswax is 62-65 ℃, and the needle penetration is 0.1-0.3 mm (25 ℃); the softening point of the graphite oxide modified rosin is 98-103 ℃, and the acidity value is 15-25 KOH/g.
The technical proposal is further improved in that the hardness regulator is one or more of baxi palm wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax; the viscosity regulator is one or more of pure monomer resin, hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin, hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin, C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the softening point of the viscosity regulator is 70-90 ℃.
The technical proposal is further improved that the toughness regulator is one or more of polyolefin polymers such as hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene polymer, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene polymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, propylene-ethylene block copolymer and the like; the surfactant is one or more of stearic acid, monoglyceride stearate, triglycerol stearate, erucamide, oleamide, ethylene bisstearamide, ethylene glycol monostearate and ethylene glycol distearate.
A preparation method of ornament casting wax comprises the following steps:
step 1): preparing a basic wax material, adding 10-20 parts of paraffin wax and 50-70 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to dissolve, adding 20-30 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin, and uniformly stirring to obtain a basic wax material base solution;
step 2): preparing the ornament casting wax, heating, adding a toughness regulator into a basic wax material basic liquid, stirring at a high speed for a period of time till the mixture is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature, adding a viscosity regulator, a hardness regulator and a surfactant, continuously stirring at a high speed for a period of time, reducing the stirring speed to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
The technical proposal is further improved in that in the step 1), the stirring temperature is 115 ℃, the mixing time is 0.3-0.5h, and the stirring speed is 500 r/min.
The technical proposal is further improved in that in the temperature raising step in the step 2), the reaction temperature is 140-; in the cooling step of the step 2), the reaction temperature is 120-125 ℃, the mixing time is 0.4-0.6h, the stirring speed is 600-700 r/min, and the stirring speed for removing bubbles is 200-300 r/min.
The application of the ornament casting wax is suitable for ornament casting in a steel die injection molding process; in the process of pressing and injecting the ornament casting wax in the steel die, the temperature of the wax cylinder only needs to be raised to the melting point temperature of the ornament casting wax, and the pressing and injecting can be carried out without waiting for the casting wax to be completely melted into liquid and then cooled to be pasty; in the process of the steel die injection molding process, the wax cylinder is kept in a vacuum state to avoid the defect of a wax model caused by pressing air into the die; in the process of steel die pressure injection, the pressure of pressure injection is increased to 4-10 MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ornament casting wax material provided by the invention uses paraffin wax, beeswax and pine ester as basic wax materials, and is added with a hardness regulator, a viscosity regulator, a toughness regulator and a surfactant for modification so as to improve the comprehensive performance of the ornament casting wax, so that the ornament casting wax material with moderate softening point, high strength, high surface smoothness and high toughness is prepared, and the ornament casting wax material with high precision, low price and excellent comprehensive performance can be fully obtained by matching with a steel die injection process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The accessory casting wax comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% -70% of basic wax material; 2% -5% of a hardness regulator; 15 to 35 percent of viscosity regulator; 8 to 15 percent of toughness modifier; 1 to 4 percent of surfactant.
Further, the basic wax material is prepared by mixing paraffin, beeswax and graphite oxide modified rosin.
Further, the mass ratio of the paraffin wax, the beeswax and the graphite oxide modified rosin is (10-20): 50-70): 20-30.
Further, the paraffin wax is one or more of 58# fully refined paraffin wax, 60# fully refined paraffin wax, 62# fully refined paraffin wax, 64# fully refined paraffin wax, 66# fully refined paraffin wax, 58# semi-refined paraffin wax, 60# semi-refined paraffin wax, 62# semi-refined paraffin wax, 64# semi-refined paraffin wax and 66# semi-refined paraffin wax; the melting point of the beeswax is 62-65 ℃, and the needle penetration is 0.1-0.3 mm (25 ℃); the softening point of the graphite oxide modified rosin is 98-103 ℃, and the acidity value is 15-25 KOH/g.
Further, the hardness regulator is one or more of bazedoary wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax; the viscosity regulator is one or more of pure monomer resin, hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin, hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin, C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the softening point of the viscosity regulator is 70-90 ℃.
Further, the toughness modifier is one or more of polyolefin polymers such as hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene polymer, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene polymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, propylene-ethylene block copolymer, etc.; the surfactant is one or more of stearic acid, monoglyceride stearate, triglycerol stearate, erucamide, oleamide, ethylene bisstearamide, ethylene glycol monostearate and ethylene glycol distearate.
A preparation method of ornament casting wax comprises the following steps:
step 1): preparing a basic wax material, adding 10-20 parts of paraffin wax and 50-70 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to dissolve, adding 20-30 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin, and uniformly stirring to obtain a basic wax material base solution;
step 2): preparing the ornament casting wax, heating, adding a toughness regulator into a basic wax material basic liquid, stirring at a high speed for a period of time till the mixture is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature, adding a viscosity regulator, a hardness regulator and a surfactant, continuously stirring at a high speed for a period of time, reducing the stirring speed to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Further, in the step 1), the stirring temperature is 115 ℃, the mixing time is 0.3-0.5h, and the stirring speed is 500 r/min.
Further, in the temperature raising step of the step 2), the reaction temperature is 140-; in the cooling step of the step 2), the reaction temperature is 120-125 ℃, the mixing time is 0.4-0.6h, the stirring speed is 600-700 r/min, and the stirring speed for removing bubbles is 200-300 r/min.
The application of the ornament casting wax is suitable for ornament casting in a steel die injection molding process; in the process of pressure injection of the ornament casting wax in the steel die, the temperature of the wax cylinder only needs to be raised to the melting point temperature of the ornament casting wax for pressure injection, and the temperature is reduced to the state that the ornament casting wax is pasty and then the pressure injection is carried out without waiting for the casting wax to be completely melted into liquid; in the process of the steel die injection process, the wax cylinder is kept in a vacuum state to avoid the defect of a wax model caused by pressing air into the die; in the process of steel die pressure injection, the pressure of pressure injection is increased to 4-10 MPa.
The base wax material is the main component of the ornament casting wax material, and the paraffin wax and the beeswax adopted by the invention have the characteristics of low cost, low melting point, small hardness, good flexibility and no toxicity, and are excellent base materials of the casting wax. The graphite oxide modified rosin prepared by the project group (described in the national invention patent CN 106084806B) has good compatibility with paraffin, high strength and good glossiness. As the main components of the ornament casting wax material are all base materials with lower price, the production and manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.
The addition of high-hardness synthetic wax, vegetable wax or mineral wax ensures the strength of the ornament casting wax material, and meanwhile, the addition of vegetable wax such as palm wax and candelilla wax can further improve the surface smoothness of the material while increasing the hardness of the ornament casting wax. The addition of materials such as petroleum resin, monomer resin and the like can effectively make up the problem of insufficient initial viscosity of the basic wax material, effectively reduce the shrinkage of the ornament casting wax and ensure the high precision of the ornament casting wax material. The polyolefin polymer is added, a flexible molecular chain is introduced into the ornament casting wax, the impact resistance and the tensile property of the ornament casting wax material are improved, and the polyolefin polymer and the resin material play a synergistic effect to further reduce the shrinkage of the ornament casting wax. The addition of the surfactants of esters and amides fully improves the surface smoothness of the ornament casting wax, ensures that the prepared wax model has higher surface quality, and can provide better strength for the ornament casting wax due to higher hardness.
The invention adopts a metal mold pressure injection process, the temperature of the wax cylinder only needs to be raised to the melting point temperature of the ornament casting wax, and the pressure injection can be carried out without waiting for the casting wax to be completely melted into liquid and then cooled to the point that the ornament casting wax is pasty.
Example 1
The ornament casting wax suitable for the steel die injection molding process comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 58# fully refined paraffin wax | 12 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 35 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 12 |
| Polyethylene wax | 5 |
| Hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin | 15 |
| Pure monomer resin | 10 |
| Ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer | 7 |
| Ethylene bis stearamide | 1 |
| Ethylene glycol stearate | 3 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 12 parts of paraffin and 35 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 12 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 140 ℃, adding 7 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring at the speed of 1000r/min for 1.2h until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature to 120 ℃, adding 15 parts of hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin, 10 parts of pure monomer resin, 5 parts of polyethylene wax, 1 part of ethylene bis stearamide and 3 parts of ethylene glycol monostearate, stirring at the speed of 700r/min for 0.6h, reducing the stirring speed to 200r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Example 2
The ornament casting wax suitable for the steel die injection molding process comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 8 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 40 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 16 |
| Fischer-Tropsch wax | 2 |
| Candelilla wax | 2 |
| Hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin | 15 |
| C5 Petroleum resin | 5 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 6 |
| Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene polymers | 3 |
| Tristearin | 3 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 8 parts of paraffin and 40 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 16 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 140 ℃, adding 6 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene polymer into the basic wax material basic liquid, stirring for 1.2h at the speed of 1000r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 120 ℃, adding 15 parts of hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin, 5 parts of C5 petroleum resin, 2 parts of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 2 parts of candelilla wax and 3 parts of glyceryl tristearate, stirring for 0.6h at the speed of 700r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 200r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and molding to obtain the casting wax for the ornaments.
Example 3
An ornament casting wax suitable for steel die injection molding process, which comprises the following components as shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 62# fully refined paraffin | 7 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 42 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 21 |
| Oxidized polyethylene wax | 2 |
| Hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin | 10 |
| DCPD petroleum resin | 5 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 8 |
| Propylene-ethylene block copolymer | 3 |
| Erucamide | 2 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 7 parts of paraffin and 42 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 21 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.5h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 145 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 3 parts of propylene-ethylene block copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring for 1.4h at the speed of 1000r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin, 5 parts of DCPD petroleum resin, 2 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax and 2 parts of erucamide, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 600r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 200r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Example 4
The ornament casting wax suitable for the steel die injection molding process comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 5 |
| Semi-refined 60# paraffin | 5 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 36 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 15 |
| Polypropylene wax | 2 |
| Carnauba wax | 1 |
| Hydrogenated monomer resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin | 10 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 8 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 5 |
| Oleic acid amides | 2 |
| Monoglyceryl stearate | 1 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 10 parts of paraffin wax and 36 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 15 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 150 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 5 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring for 1.4h at the speed of 1200r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated monomer resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, 2 parts of polypropylene wax, 1 part of carnauba wax, 1 part of monoglyceride stearate and 2 parts of oleamide, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 700r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Example 5
An ornament casting wax suitable for steel die injection molding process, which comprises the following components:
TABLE 5 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 66# fully refined paraffin | 7 |
| Semi-refined paraffin wax No. 58 | 6 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 33 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 19 |
| Carnauba wax | 1 |
| Polyethylene wax | 3 |
| Hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin | 10 |
| C9 Petroleum resin | 5 |
| Ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer | 8 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 7 |
| Triglycerol stearate | 1 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 13 parts of paraffin wax and 36 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 19 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolution, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.5h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 150 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer and 7 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring for 1.6h at the speed of 1200r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin, 5 parts of C9 petroleum resin, 3 parts of polyethylene wax, 1 part of carnauba wax and 1 part of triglycerol stearate, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 600r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Comparative example 1
An ornament casting wax suitable for a steel die injection molding process comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 20 |
| Semi-refined 60# paraffin | 5 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 36 |
| Polypropylene wax | 2 |
| Carnauba wax | 1 |
| Hydrogenated monomer resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin | 10 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 8 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 5 |
| Oleic acid amides | 2 |
| Monoglyceryl stearate | 1 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 10 parts of paraffin wax and 36 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 150 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 5 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer after dissolving, stirring for 1.4h at the speed of 1200r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated monomer resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, 2 parts of polypropylene wax, 1 part of carnauba wax, 1 part of monoglyceride stearate and 2 parts of oleamide, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 700r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Comparative example 2
An ornament casting wax suitable for a steel die injection molding process, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 7:
TABLE 7 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 6 |
| Semi-refined 60# paraffin | 5 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 41 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 17 |
| Polypropylene wax | 2 |
| Carnauba wax | 1 |
| Hydrogenated monomer resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 5 |
| Oleic acid amides | 2 |
| Monoglyceryl stearate | 1 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 11 parts of paraffin and 41 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 17 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 150 ℃, adding 5 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring at the speed of 1200r/min for 1.4h until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated monomer resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, 2 parts of polypropylene wax, 1 part of carnauba wax, 1 part of monoglyceride stearate and 2 parts of oleamide, stirring at the speed of 700r/min for 0.4h, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Comparative example 3
An ornament casting wax suitable for a steel die injection molding process, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 8:
TABLE 8 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 5 |
| Semi-refined 60# paraffin | 5 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 39 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 15 |
| Polypropylene wax | 2 |
| Carnauba wax | 1 |
| Hydrogenated monomer resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin | 10 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 8 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 5 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 10 parts of paraffin and 39 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 15 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 150 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 5 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the basic wax material basic liquid, stirring for 1.4h at the speed of 1200r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated monomer resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, 2 parts of polypropylene wax and 1 part of carnauba wax, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 700r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and molding to obtain the ornament casting wax.
Comparative example 4
An ornament casting wax suitable for a steel die injection molding process, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 9:
TABLE 9 composition of wax material for casting ornaments suitable for steel die injection molding process
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| 64# fully refined paraffin | 5 |
| Semi-refined 60# paraffin | 5 |
| Beeswax (Cera flava) | 39 |
| Graphite oxide modified rosin | 15 |
| Hydrogenated monomer resin | 10 |
| Hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin | 10 |
| Ethylene-octene copolymer | 8 |
| Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymers | 5 |
| Oleic acid amides | 2 |
| Monoglyceryl stearate | 1 |
The preparation method of the ornament casting wax material comprises the following steps:
adding 10 parts of paraffin and 39 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to 115 ℃, adding 15 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin after dissolving, and stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 0.3h to obtain a basic wax material base solution; and continuously heating to 150 ℃, adding 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer and 5 parts of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer into the base wax material base liquid, stirring for 1.4h at the speed of 1200r/min until the toughness modifier is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing to 125 ℃, adding 10 parts of hydrogenated monomer resin, 10 parts of hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, 1 part of monoglyceride stearate and 2 parts of oleamide, stirring for 0.4h at the speed of 700r/min, reducing the stirring speed to 300r/min to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and molding to obtain the ornament casting wax.
The bulbous plant wax pattern materials of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 10:
TABLE 10 test results of the properties of the bulbous plants wax pattern materials of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3
Softening point: GB/T14235.1-2018; penetration degree: GB/T14235.2-2018; impact strength: GB/T1843-2008; surface smoothness: JB/T7976-2010; viscosity: the shear rate was 50s-1 and the viscosity of the material was measured at 100 ℃ constant temperature using an MCR72 rheometer.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ornament casting wax is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the ornament casting wax of claim 1, wherein the base wax material is prepared by mixing paraffin wax, beeswax and graphite oxide modified rosin.
3. The ornament casting wax of claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin wax, the beeswax and the graphite oxide modified rosin is (10-20): (50-70): (20-30).
4. The jewelry casting wax of claim 3, wherein the paraffin wax is one or more of 58# fully refined paraffin wax, 60# fully refined paraffin wax, 62# fully refined paraffin wax, 64# fully refined paraffin wax, 66# fully refined paraffin wax, 58# semi-refined paraffin wax, 60# semi-refined paraffin wax, 62# semi-refined paraffin wax, 64# semi-refined paraffin wax, and 66# semi-refined paraffin wax; the melting point of the beeswax is 62-65 ℃, and the needle penetration is 0.1-0.3 mm (25 ℃); the softening point of the graphite oxide modified rosin is 98-103 ℃, and the acidity value is 15-25 KOH/g.
5. The jewelry casting wax of claim 1, wherein the hardness modifier is one or more of bazedoary wax, candelilla wax, montan wax, fischer-tropsch wax, polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax; the viscosity regulator is one or more of pure monomer resin, hydrogenated DCPD petroleum resin, hydrogenated C5 petroleum resin, hydrogenated C9 petroleum resin, C5 petroleum resin and C9 petroleum resin, and the softening point of the viscosity regulator is 70-90 ℃.
6. The jewelry casting wax of claim 1, wherein the toughness modifier is one or more of polyolefin polymers such as hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene polymer, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene polymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, propylene-ethylene block copolymer, etc.; the surfactant is one or more of stearic acid, monoglyceride stearate, triglycerol stearate, erucamide, oleamide, ethylene bisstearamide, ethylene glycol monostearate and ethylene glycol distearate.
7. The preparation method of the ornament casting wax is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): preparing a basic wax material, adding 10-20 parts of paraffin wax and 50-70 parts of beeswax into a reaction kettle, heating to dissolve, adding 20-30 parts of graphite oxide modified rosin, and uniformly stirring to obtain a basic wax material base solution;
step 2): preparing the ornament casting wax, heating, adding a toughness regulator into a basic wax material basic liquid, stirring at a high speed for a period of time till the mixture is completely and uniformly stirred, reducing the temperature, adding a viscosity regulator, a hardness regulator and a surfactant, continuously stirring at a high speed for a period of time, reducing the stirring speed to remove bubbles in the liquid, and cooling and forming to obtain the ornament casting wax.
8. The method for preparing jewelry casting wax according to claim 7, wherein in the step 1), the stirring temperature is 115 ℃, the mixing time is 0.3-0.5h, and the stirring speed is 500 r/min.
9. The method for preparing the jewelry casting wax as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the temperature raising step in the step 2), the reaction temperature is 140-150 ℃, the mixing time is 1.2-1.6h, and the stirring speed is 1000-1200 r/min; in the cooling step of the step 2), the reaction temperature is 120-125 ℃, the mixing time is 0.4-0.6h, the stirring speed is 600-700 r/min, and the stirring speed for removing bubbles is 200-300 r/min.
10. The application of the ornament casting wax is characterized in that the ornament casting wax is suitable for ornament casting by a steel die injection molding process; in the process of pressing and injecting the ornament casting wax in the steel die, the temperature of the wax cylinder only needs to be raised to the melting point temperature of the ornament casting wax, and the pressing and injecting can be carried out without waiting for the casting wax to be completely melted into liquid and then cooled to be pasty; in the process of the steel die injection process, the wax cylinder is kept in a vacuum state to avoid the defect of a wax model caused by pressing air into the die; in the process of steel die pressure injection, the pressure of pressure injection is increased to 4-10 MPa.
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