CN114736440A - Interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of rubber and comprising the following raw materials: styrene butadiene rubber, methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, modified fly ash, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer. According to the technical scheme, the styrene butadiene rubber matrix is impregnated with methyl methacrylate, and then the methyl methacrylate is subjected to in-situ polymerization to form an interpenetrating network structure of the methyl methacrylate and the styrene butadiene rubber, so that the ductility and the recoverability of the styrene butadiene rubber are greatly improved, the application range of the styrene butadiene rubber is enlarged, the mercaptan functional group is grafted on the surface of the hydroxylated fly ash, and then the mercaptan functional fly ash is grafted to a styrene butadiene rubber chain through a mercaptan-alkene reaction during the polymerization of the styrene butadiene rubber, so that the hydroxylation is stably and uniformly combined into the rubber matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber, and particularly relates to interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), also known as polystyrene butadiene copolymer. The physical and mechanical properties, the processing property and the product use performance of the elastomer are close to those of natural rubber, some properties such as wear resistance, heat resistance, aging resistance and vulcanization speed are better than those of the natural rubber, the elastomer can be used together with the natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers, can be widely applied to the fields of production of tires, adhesive tapes, rubber tubes, electric wires and cables, medical appliances, various rubber products and the like, is the largest general synthetic rubber variety, is one of rubber varieties which are originally industrially produced, and the elastomer has irreplaceable importance in the field of high polymer materials due to high ductility and recoverability.
In the prior art, the pure styrene butadiene rubber has low strength, a high-activity reinforcing agent is generally required to be added for use when the pure styrene butadiene rubber is used, the reinforcing agent is not stably combined with rubber, and the dispersibility in the rubber is poor, so that the reinforcing effect is not obvious; further, styrene-butadiene rubber has poor ductility and recovery properties although it has a high young's modulus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and a preparation method thereof, wherein an interpenetrating polymer network is formed between the styrene-butadiene rubber and thermoplastic polymethyl methacrylate, so that the ductility and the recoverability of the styrene-butadiene rubber are greatly enhanced; by grafting a thiol functional group on the surface of the hydroxylated fly ash and grafting the thiol functional fly ash to a butadiene styrene rubber chain through a thiol-ene reaction during the polymerization of butadiene styrene rubber, the fly ash is stably and uniformly combined into a rubber matrix.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the reinforcing agent is not stably combined with the rubber, and has poor dispersibility in the rubber, so that the reinforcing effect is not obvious; styrene butadiene rubber has a high young's modulus, but is poor in ductility and recovery.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber and the preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 30-50 parts of methyl methacrylate, 2-4 parts of divinylbenzene, 2-4 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 1-3 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1-5 parts of modified fly ash, 0.1-0.6 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.6 part of heat stabilizer;
the modified fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
mixing pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate and allyl succinic anhydride, adding hydroxylated fly ash, filtering, washing and drying after complete mixing reaction to obtain the modified fly ash, wherein the dosage ratio of the pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, the allyl succinic anhydride, the 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, the 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane to the hydroxylated fly ash is 40-50 g: 20-30 g: 0.8-1 g: 11-12g and 50-100 g.
In the reaction process, pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate reacts with allyl succinic anhydride, the ring opening of the allyl succinic anhydride reacts with mercaptan to generate a thioester bond, the other end of the opened allyl succinic anhydride has a carboxyl functional group, the two ends of the generated compound have mercaptan functional groups, and the carboxyl functional group can react with hydroxyl of hydroxylated fly ash, so that the surface grafting of the fly ash with the mercaptan functional group is realized.
Further, the hydroxylated fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
adding fly ash into absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing, centrifugally separating, repeating the operation for 2 times, washing centrifugally separated solids with deionized water, drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain pretreated fly ash, adding the pretreated fly ash into a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 25%, fully and uniformly stirring, washing with distilled water after vacuum filtration, drying in a vacuum dryer to obtain alkalized fly ash, adding the alkalized fly ash into H with the mass fraction of 15%2S04Fully and uniformly stirring the mixture in the solution, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing the mixture by using distilled water, and drying the mixture by using a vacuum drier to obtain the hydroxylated fly ash, wherein the fly ash, absolute ethyl alcohol, NaOH solution and H2S04The dosage ratio of the solution is 30-50 g: 400-500 mL: 30-50 mL: 30-50 mL.
In the reaction process, the fly ash is subjected to surface hydroxylation treatment by an acid-base solution, so that a large number of hydroxyl groups are grafted on the surface.
Further, the antioxidant is polyoxymethylene or nylon.
Further, the heat stabilizer is one of sodium stearate, zinc stearate and glyceryl monostearate.
A preparation method of interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing styrene butadiene rubber, dicumyl peroxide and modified fly ash in a double-roll mixing mill, and vulcanizing at 150 ℃ on a hydraulic press to obtain styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash;
s2, dipping the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash into a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, taking out the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out in-situ polymerization at 90-110 ℃, and after the polymerization is finished, drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain a crude product;
and S3, adding the crude product, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 150 ℃ to obtain the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber.
In the reaction process, styrene butadiene rubber is crosslinked under the action of a crosslinking agent dicumyl peroxide and then vulcanized and cured at 150 ℃, the modified fly ash can generate thiol-ene reaction with double bonds in a styrene butadiene rubber chain due to the fact that thiol groups are grafted on the surface of the modified fly ash, so that the fly ash is grafted to the styrene butadiene rubber, and after the styrene butadiene rubber is soaked in a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, in-situ polymerization of the methyl methacrylate in a rubber matrix is realized, so that an interpenetrating network structure of the polymethyl methacrylate and the styrene butadiene rubber is formed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the technical scheme of the invention, fly ash is subjected to hydroxylation modification, pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate reacts with allyl succinic anhydride, the ring opening of the allyl succinic anhydride reacts with mercaptan to generate thioester bonds, the other end of the opened allyl succinic anhydride carries a carboxyl functional group, the two ends of the generated compound have thiol functional groups, carboxyl functional groups can react with hydroxyl of hydroxylated fly ash, thereby realizing the mercaptan functional group grafted on the surface of the fly ash, leading the fly ash with the mercaptan functional group grafted on the surface to be capable of generating mercaptan-alkene reaction with the crosslinked butadiene styrene rubber, and further playing a role in promoting the vulcanization of the butadiene styrene rubber, the problem of stable dispersion of the fly ash in the styrene butadiene rubber is solved, so that the performance of the styrene butadiene rubber can be well enhanced.
(2) According to the technical scheme, the styrene butadiene rubber is impregnated with the methyl methacrylate in the styrene butadiene rubber matrix, and then the polymethyl methacrylate and styrene butadiene rubber interpenetrating network structure is formed through in-situ polymerization of the methyl methacrylate, so that the ductility and recoverability of the styrene butadiene rubber are greatly improved, and the application range of the styrene butadiene rubber is enlarged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
a1, adding 30g of fly ash into 400mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing, centrifugally separating, repeating the operation for 2 times, washing centrifugally separated solids with deionized water, drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain pretreated fly ash, adding the pretreated fly ash into 30mL of 25% NaOH solution by mass fraction, fully and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with distilled water, drying in a dry vacuum dryer to obtain alkalized fly ash, adding the alkalized fly ash into 30mL of 15% H by mass fraction2S04Fully and uniformly stirring the mixture in the solution, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing the mixture by using distilled water, and drying the mixture by using a vacuum drier to obtain the hydroxylated fly ash
A2, mixing 40g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate with 20g of allyl succinic anhydride, adding 100mL of dichloromethane in which 0.8g of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 11g of 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane are dissolved, standing for 0.5h, removing dichloromethane in vacuum, initiating reaction under ultraviolet light irradiation, adding 50g of hydroxylated fly ash after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completely mixed to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 2
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
a1, adding 40g of fly ash into 450mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing, centrifugally separating, repeating the operation for 2 times, washing centrifugally separated solids with deionized water, drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain pretreated fly ash, adding the pretreated fly ash into 40mL of NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 25%, fully and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with distilled water, drying in a dry vacuum dryer to obtain alkalized fly ash, adding the alkalized fly ash into 40mL of H with the mass fraction of 15%, fully and uniformly stirring2S04Fully stirring the mixture evenly in the solution, washing the mixture by distilled water after vacuum filtration, and drying the mixture by a vacuum drier to obtain the hydroxylated fly ash
A2, mixing 45g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate with 25g of allyl succinic anhydride, adding 150mL of dichloromethane in which 0.9g of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 11.5g of 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane are dissolved, standing for 0.8h, removing dichloromethane in vacuum, initiating reaction under ultraviolet light irradiation, adding 70g of hydroxylated fly ash after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completely mixed to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 3
A1, adding 50g of fly ash into 500mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing, centrifugally separating, repeating the operation for 2 times, washing centrifugally separated solids with deionized water, drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain pretreated fly ash, adding the pretreated fly ash into 50mL of NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 25%, fully and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with distilled water, drying in a vacuum dryer to obtain alkalized fly ash,adding the alkalized fly ash into 50mL of H with the mass fraction of 15%2S04Fully and uniformly stirring the mixture in the solution, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing the mixture by using distilled water, and drying the mixture by using a vacuum drier to obtain the hydroxylated fly ash
A2, mixing 50g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate with 30g of allyl succinic anhydride, adding 200mL of dichloromethane in which 1g of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 12g of 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane are dissolved, standing for 1h, removing dichloromethane in vacuum, initiating reaction under ultraviolet light irradiation, adding 100g of hydroxylated fly ash after the reaction is finished, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain the modified fly ash.
Comparative example 1
A1, mixing 50g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate with 30g of allyl succinic anhydride, adding 200mL of dichloromethane in which 1g of 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 12g of 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane are dissolved, standing for 1h, removing dichloromethane in vacuum, initiating reaction under ultraviolet light irradiation, adding 100g of fly ash after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 4
The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 30 parts of methyl methacrylate, 2 parts of divinylbenzene, 2 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 1 part of dicumyl peroxide, 1 part of modified fly ash prepared in example 1, 0.1 part of polyformaldehyde and 0.1 part of sodium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing styrene butadiene rubber, dicumyl peroxide and modified fly ash in a double-roll mixing mill, and vulcanizing at 150 ℃ on a hydraulic press to obtain styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash;
s2, dipping the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash into a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, taking out the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out in-situ polymerization at 90 ℃, and after the polymerization is finished, drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain a crude product;
and S3, adding the crude product, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 150 ℃ to obtain the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber.
Example 5
The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 40 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3 parts of divinylbenzene, 3 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 3 parts of modified fly ash prepared in example 2, 0.3 part of nylon and 0.3 part of zinc stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing styrene butadiene rubber, dicumyl peroxide and modified fly ash in a double-roll mixing mill, and vulcanizing at 150 ℃ on a hydraulic press to obtain styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash;
s2, dipping styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash into a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, taking out the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash, keeping the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash at 0 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out in-situ polymerization at 100 ℃, and after the polymerization is finished, drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain a crude product;
and S3, adding the crude product, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 150 ℃ to obtain the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber.
Example 6
The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 110 parts of styrene-butadiene rubber, 50 parts of methyl methacrylate, 4 parts of divinylbenzene, 4 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 3 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 5 parts of modified fly ash prepared in example 3, 0.6 part of nylon and 0.6 part of glycerin monostearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing styrene butadiene rubber, dicumyl peroxide and modified fly ash in a double-roll mixing mill, and vulcanizing at 150 ℃ on a hydraulic press to obtain styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash;
s2, dipping the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash into a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, taking out the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out in-situ polymerization at 110 ℃, and after the polymerization is finished, drying the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash in vacuum to constant weight to obtain a crude product;
and S3, adding the crude product, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 150 ℃ to obtain the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 6 in that the modified fly ash prepared in example 3 was replaced with the modified fly ash prepared in comparative example 1, and the remaining steps and raw materials were the same as in example 6.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is a commercially available styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene 23.5%)
Now, the performance tests of the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber prepared in examples 4-6 and comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 are performed, and the test results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1 above, the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber prepared in the examples of the present invention has better mechanical properties and recovery properties than the comparative examples.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions can be made to the embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 30-50 parts of methyl methacrylate, 2-4 parts of divinylbenzene, 2-4 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 1-3 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1-5 parts of modified fly ash, 0.1-0.6 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.6 part of heat stabilizer;
the modified fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
mixing pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate and allyl succinic anhydride, adding dichloromethane in which 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine and 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane are dissolved, standing for 0.5-1h, then removing dichloromethane in vacuum, initiating reaction under ultraviolet irradiation, adding hydroxylated fly ash after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is completely mixed to obtain the modified fly ash.
2. The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage ratio of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, allyl succinic anhydride, 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine, 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane and hydroxylated fly ash is 40-50 g: 20-30 g: 0.8-1 g: 11-12g and 50-100 g.
3. The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber according to claim 1, wherein: the hydroxylated fly ash is prepared by the following steps:
adding fly ash into absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically mixing, centrifugally separating, repeating the operation for 2 times, washing centrifugally separated solids with deionized water, drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain pretreated fly ash, adding the pretreated fly ash into a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 25%, fully and uniformly stirring, washing with distilled water after vacuum filtration, drying in a vacuum dryer to obtain alkalized fly ash, adding the alkalized fly ash into H with the mass fraction of 15%2S04Fully stirring in the solutionAnd (3) homogenizing, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with distilled water, and drying by using a vacuum drier to obtain the hydroxylated fly ash.
4. The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, fly ash, absolute ethyl alcohol, NaOH solution and H2S04The dosage ratio of the solution is 30-50 g: 400-500 mL: 30-50 mL: 30-50 mL.
5. The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber according to claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is polyformaldehyde or nylon.
6. The interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber according to claim 1, wherein: the heat stabilizer is one of sodium stearate, zinc stearate and glyceryl monostearate.
7. A method of preparing the interpenetrating network styrene butadiene rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing styrene butadiene rubber, dicumyl peroxide and modified fly ash in a double-roll mixing mill, and vulcanizing at 150 ℃ on a hydraulic press to obtain styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash;
s2, dipping the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash into a homogeneous solution of methyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide, taking out the styrene butadiene rubber-fly ash, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out in-situ polymerization at 90-110 ℃, and after the polymerization is finished, drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain a crude product;
and S3, adding the crude product, an antioxidant and a heat stabilizer into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 150 ℃ to obtain the interpenetrating network styrene-butadiene rubber.
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