CN114734702A - 一种导光纤维组成的发光织物及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种导光纤维组成的发光织物及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明为一种导光纤维组成的发光织物及其制作方法,属于汽车内饰领域,发光织物由4种结构使用胶水粘合而成,包括发光织布层、防水层、棉布织物层及抗菌层。聚乙烯材料制作的防水布层使整体材料内部具有良好的防水效果,同时具有优异的透光效果。棉布织物层可增加整体面料使用的柔软性,同时增加了强度。且通过竹炭纤维材料制作的抑菌基线的使用,可提高面料使用的抑菌性。发光织布层上编织有导光纤维复线,导光纤维复线连接光源以后,通过控制光源,可实现随时灵活的改变面料色彩,不再局限于布料原本的色彩外观,增加人车互动沉浸式效果。兼顾内饰表皮材料的强度、韧性与透光性,并提高舒适性和美观性,提升了车辆的观感与质感。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于汽车内饰领域,具体涉及一种导光纤维组成的发光织物及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们在对汽车性能、外观以及安全性能的需求不断提高的同时,对汽车内饰环境的要求也在不断的提高。其中,包覆汽车饰件的表皮,不但对色彩、花纹与手感具备需求外,还对车内氛围光线及人车互动抱有更多的期待。
传统的人造表皮因其独特的材料特性对光线具有阻隔效应,并不具备透光性能,车内光学效果都是通过表面打孔来实现的,这不仅增加了整车设计的成本,且冲孔工艺会降低产品的力学性能,影响使用寿命以及产品的应用范围。
所以亟需要一种新型的汽车内饰表皮,在不降低基础性能的基础上,满足基本色彩与花纹的同时,具备可调节氛围光功能,增加人车互动沉浸式效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供了一种导光纤维组成的发光织物及其制作方法。
为解决汽车内饰表面可调节氛围光显示的技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,包括发光织布层、防水层、棉布织物层及抗菌层,所述抗菌层上设置有所述棉布织物层,所述棉布织物层上设置有所述防水层,所述防水层上设置有所述发光织布层;
所述抗菌层与所述棉布织物层通过胶水粘合,所述棉布织物层与所述防水层通过胶水粘合,所述防水层与所述发光织布层通过胶水粘合。
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述棉布织物层为三维织布结构或泡沫海绵。
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述发光织布层包括导光纤维复线、抑菌基线、尼龙基线以及涤纶基线,所述导光纤维复线、所述抑菌基线、所述尼龙基线以及所述涤纶基线相互编织。
进一步的,所述抑菌基线为竹碳纤维材料;
进一步的,所述导光纤维复线包括多根导光纤维单线,所述导光纤维单线包括复合纤维芯以及包层,所述包层包覆在所述复合纤维芯外部,所述复合纤维芯的折射率大于所述包层的折射率。
一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,用于制作如一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,
包括以下步骤,
S1,将树脂、树脂溶剂、增塑剂、稳定剂以及光扩散剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成纤维芯树脂液。
所述纤维芯树脂液中,树脂所占20%~30%(体积),树脂溶剂所占40%~50%(体积),增塑剂所占12%~32%(体积),稳定剂所占5%(体积),光扩散剂所占3%(体积)。
S2,配制包层树脂液,包层树脂液中的树脂选择低折射率的氟树脂,将氟树脂、树脂溶剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成包层树脂液。
S3,将纤维芯树脂液放入静电纺丝设备中进行喷射,制得纤维芯单丝,将多根纤维芯单丝组合制得复合纤维芯。
S4,将包层树脂液涂覆在复合纤维芯表面制得包层,包层厚度为5μm~15μm,制成导光纤维单线。
S5,将多股的导光纤维单线加捻,加捻数为500次/m~1000次/m,浸涂集束剂,制成导光纤维复线。
S6,将导光纤维复线与抑菌基线、尼龙基线和涤纶基线组合编织,制得发光织布层。
S7,使用三维织布或泡沫海绵做为棉布织物层,使用竹炭纤维作为抗菌层,将所述抗菌层与所述棉布织物层通过胶水粘合。
S8,使用PE膜或PTEE膜作为防水层,将所述防水层通过胶水粘合到所述棉布织物层上。
S9,将所述发光织布层通过胶水粘合到所述防水层上,最终制得一种导光纤维组成的发光织物。
步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中使用的树脂为自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、涤纶、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯以及聚有机硅氧烷中的一种或者多种混合。
步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中的树脂溶剂为氯仿、二氯甲苯、二氯甲烷、正己烷、正辛烷以及甲苯中的一种或多种组合。
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的增塑剂为邻苯类增塑剂或二元酸酯类增塑剂。
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的稳定剂为有机锡或金属皂。
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的光扩散剂为无机添加剂。
步骤S3中,静电纺丝设备使用以下参数,
电压15kV~30kV;
喷射速度为1mL/h~5mL/h,溶液喷射距离为5m~30m;
喷嘴直径为0.3mm,孔数为600~1000;
干燥温度为160℃~300℃,干燥时间为25min~40min;
收卷速度为500m/min~1000m/min。
步骤S3中,纤维芯单丝直径小于80μm,纤维芯单丝纤度小于55dtex。
步骤S3中,复合纤维芯中纤维芯单丝数量为300至500根,复合纤维芯纤度为600dtex~1000dtex。
本发明有益效果是:
与现有技术相比,
防水层使整体材料内部具有良好的防水效果,同时具有优异的透光效果;
棉布织物层可增加整体面料使用的柔软性,同时增加了强度;
且通过竹炭纤维材料制作的抑菌基线的使用,可提高面料使用的抑菌性;
导光纤维复线连接光源以后,通过控制光源,可实现随时灵活的改变面料色彩,不再局限于布料原本的色彩外观,增加人车互动沉浸式效果。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1为本发明中一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的结构示意图;
图中:
1、发光织布层;2、防水层;3、棉布织物层;4、抗菌层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅附图1,一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,包括发光织布层1、防水层2、棉布织物层3及抗菌层4,所述抗菌层4上设置有所述棉布织物层3,所述棉布织物层3上设置有所述防水层2,所述防水层2上设置有所述发光织布层1;
所述抗菌层4与所述棉布织物层3通过胶水粘合,所述棉布织物层3与所述防水层2通过胶水粘合,所述防水层2与所述发光织布层1通过胶水粘合。
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述棉布织物层3为三维织布结构或泡沫海绵。
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述发光织布层1包括导光纤维复线、抑菌基线、尼龙基线以及涤纶基线,所述导光纤维复线、所述抑菌基线、所述尼龙基线以及所述涤纶基线相互编织。
优选的,所述发光织布层1为经纬编织结构,所述涤纶基线为经线,所述导光纤维复线、抑菌基线以及尼龙基线为纬线;或将导光纤维复线针织到由抑菌基线、尼龙基线和涤纶基线编织而成的基布上。
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述抑菌基线为竹碳纤维材料;
在至少其中一个实施例中,所述导光纤维复线包括多根导光纤维单线,所述导光纤维单线包括复合纤维芯以及包层,所述包层包覆在所述复合纤维芯外部,所述复合纤维芯的折射率大于所述包层的折射率。
一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,
包括以下步骤,
S1,将树脂、树脂溶剂、增塑剂、稳定剂以及光扩散剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成纤维芯树脂液;
所述纤维芯树脂液中,树脂所占20%~30%(体积),树脂溶剂所占40%~50%(体积),增塑剂所占12%~32%(体积),稳定剂所占5%(体积),光扩散剂所占3%(体积),依据过程条件,可以通过增减溶剂所占比例(体积)来调整,其中增塑剂比例优选为13%~18%(体积)。
S2,配制包层树脂液,包层树脂液中的树脂选择低折射率的氟树脂,将氟树脂、树脂溶剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成包层树脂液;
可以使用结晶性的氟树脂及其共聚物,如聚偏二氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物、三氟氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物等。
其中,从熔融成型性、折射率的观点出发,优选为聚偏氟乙烯或聚偏氟乙烯共聚物。
包层树脂中亦可添加增塑剂、稳定剂、无机粒子、光扩散材料等。
S3,将纤维芯树脂液放入静电纺丝设备中进行喷射,制得纤维芯单丝,将多根纤维芯单丝组合制得复合纤维芯;
S4,将包层树脂液涂覆在复合纤维芯表面制得包层,包层厚度为5μm~15μm,制成导光纤维单线;
光可以在纤芯与包层的界面发生全反射,5μm以上可以保证完全包覆,15μm以下可以抑制在包层内的吸收,能够提高具有侧面发光的长度方向上的长度。
包层厚度优选为5μm~10μm。
S5,将多股的导光纤维单线加捻,加捻数为500次/m~1000次/m,浸涂集束剂,制成导光纤维复线。
S6,将导光纤维复线与抑菌基线、尼龙基线和涤纶基线组合编织,制得发光织布层;
优选的,将涤纶基线作为经线,将导光纤维复线、抑菌基线以及尼龙基线作为纬线,经纬编织制得发光织布层;
或将导光纤维复线针织到由抑菌基线、尼龙基线和涤纶基线编织而成的基布上,制得发光织布层。
在实际应用中,导光纤维复线可以单独使用,将导光纤维复线使用针刺方式编织到各类产品上,如各类材质的家具、服饰等,制成商标或花纹图案,在接受到外部光源照射后,导光纤维复线可产生荧光效果,提升客户对品牌标志的感知度或提升商品的美观度。
S7,使用三维织布或泡沫海绵做为棉布织物层,使用竹炭纤维作为抗菌层,将所述抗菌层与所述棉布织物层通过胶水粘合;
S8,使用PE膜或PTEE膜作为防水层,将所述防水层通过胶水粘合到所述棉布织物层上;
聚乙烯材料制作的防水层使整体材料内部具有良好的防水效果,同时具有优异的透光效果;
S9,将所述发光织布层通过胶水粘合到所述防水层上,最终制得一种导光纤维组成的发光织物。
在至少其中一个实施例中,步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中使用的树脂为自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、涤纶、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯以及聚有机硅氧烷中的一种或者多种混合。
优先的,所述纤维芯树脂液中的树脂选用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
在至少其中一个实施例中,步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中的溶剂为氯仿、二氯甲苯、二氯甲烷、正己烷、正辛烷以及甲苯中的一种或多种组合;
在至少其中一个实施例中,
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的增塑剂为邻苯类增塑剂或二元酸酯类增塑剂;
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的稳定剂为有机锡或金属皂,亦可使用纯有机化合物等。
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的光扩散剂为无机添加剂,如轻质碳酸钙、重质碳酸钙、超细碳酸钙以及超细硫酸钡其中单独一种或者多种混合。
步骤S1在配制纤维芯树脂液时添加增塑剂、稳定剂以及光扩散剂是为了保证导光纤维的折射率、弯曲疲劳性以及耐热性,同时可以适应编织性。
在至少其中一个实施例中,
所述S3步骤中,静电纺丝设备使用以下参数,
电压15kV~30kV;
喷射速度为1mL/h~5mL/h,溶液喷射距离为5m~30m;
喷嘴直径为0.3mm,孔数为600~1000;
干燥温度为160℃~300℃,干燥时间为25min~40min;
收卷速度为500m/min~1000m/min。
在至少其中一个实施例中,
步骤S3中,纤维芯单丝直径小于80μm,纤维芯单丝纤度小于55dtex,纤维芯的柔软性高,可操作性高。
因此,加工成编物/织物等纤维结构体的加工性提高,从而可以提供弯曲性优异的纤维结构体。
步骤S3中,复合纤维芯中纤维芯单丝数量为300至500根,复合纤维芯纤度为600dtex~1000dtex。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,其特征在于,包括发光织布层(1)、防水层(2)、棉布织物层(3)及抗菌层(4),所述抗菌层(4)上设置有所述棉布织物层(3),所述棉布织物层(3)上设置有所述防水层(2),所述防水层(2)上设置有所述发光织布层(1);
所述抗菌层(4)与所述棉布织物层(3)通过胶水粘合,所述棉布织物层(3)与所述防水层(2)通过胶水粘合,所述防水层(2)与所述发光织布层(1)通过胶水粘合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,其特征在于,所述棉布织物层(3)为三维织布结构或泡沫海绵。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,其特征在于,所述发光织布层(1)包括导光纤维复线、抑菌基线、尼龙基线以及涤纶基线,所述导光纤维复线、所述抑菌基线、所述尼龙基线以及所述涤纶基线相互编织。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,其特征在于,所述抑菌基线为竹碳纤维材料。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物,其特征在于,所述导光纤维复线包括多根导光纤维单线,所述导光纤维单线包括复合纤维芯以及包层,所述包层包覆在所述复合纤维芯外部,所述复合纤维芯的折射率大于所述包层的折射率。
6.一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,其特征在于,
包括以下步骤,
S1,将树脂、树脂溶剂、增塑剂、稳定剂以及光扩散剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成纤维芯树脂液;
所述纤维芯树脂液中,树脂所占20%~30%(体积),树脂溶剂所占40%~50%(体积),增塑剂所占12%~32%(体积),稳定剂所占5%(体积),光扩散剂所占3%(体积);
S2,配制包层树脂液,包层树脂液中的树脂选择低折射率的氟树脂,将氟树脂、树脂溶剂均匀混合,充分搅拌溶解,配制成包层树脂液;
S3,将纤维芯树脂液放入静电纺丝设备中进行喷射,制得纤维芯单丝,将多根纤维芯单丝组合制得复合纤维芯;
S4,将包层树脂液涂覆在复合纤维芯表面制得包层,包层厚度为5μm~15μm,制成导光纤维单线;
S5,将多股的导光纤维单线加捻,加捻数为500次/m~1000次/m,浸涂集束剂,制成导光纤维复线;
S6,将导光纤维复线与抑菌基线、尼龙基线和涤纶基线组合编织,制得发光织布层;
S7,使用三维织布或泡沫海绵做为棉布织物层,使用竹炭纤维作为抗菌层,将所述抗菌层与所述棉布织物层通过胶水粘合;
S8,使用PE膜或PTEE膜作为防水层,将所述防水层通过胶水粘合到所述棉布织物层上;
S9,将所述发光织布层通过胶水粘合到所述防水层上,最终制得一种导光纤维组成的发光织物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,其特征在于,
步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中使用的树脂为自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、涤纶、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯以及聚有机硅氧烷中的一种或者多种混合;
步骤S1中,
所述纤维芯树脂液中的树脂溶剂为氯仿、二氯甲苯、二氯甲烷、正己烷、正辛烷以及甲苯中的一种或多种混合。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,其特征在于,
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的增塑剂为邻苯类增塑剂或二元酸酯类增塑剂;
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的稳定剂为有机锡或金属皂;
步骤S1中,所述纤维芯树脂液中的光扩散剂为无机添加剂。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,其特征在于,
步骤S3中,静电纺丝设备使用以下参数,
电压15kV~30kV;
喷射速度为1mL/h~5mL/h,溶液喷射距离为5m~30m;
喷嘴直径为0.3mm,孔数为600~1000;
干燥温度为160℃~300℃,干燥时间为25min~40min;
收卷速度为500m/min~1000m/min。
10.根据权利要求6所述的一种导光纤维组成的发光织物的制作方法,其特征在于,
步骤S3中,纤维芯单丝直径小于80μm,纤维芯单丝纤度小于55dtex;
步骤S3中,复合纤维芯中纤维芯单丝数量为300至500根,复合纤维芯纤度为600dtex~1000dtex。
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CN107685501A (zh) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 江阴市全顺纺织有限公司 | 提升导旋光性防水面料 |
CN112823300A (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-05-18 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 发光纤维 |
CN213441493U (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳市星萤科技有限公司 | 一种发光纤维面料 |
CN214563452U (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-11-02 | 吴江中中纺织有限责任公司 | 一种透气性好的涤纶坯布 |
CN217514714U (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-30 | 长春盖尔瑞孚艾斯曼汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种导光纤维组成的发光织物 |
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CN107685501A (zh) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 江阴市全顺纺织有限公司 | 提升导旋光性防水面料 |
CN112823300A (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-05-18 | 株式会社可乐丽 | 发光纤维 |
CN213441493U (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳市星萤科技有限公司 | 一种发光纤维面料 |
CN214563452U (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-11-02 | 吴江中中纺织有限责任公司 | 一种透气性好的涤纶坯布 |
CN217514714U (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-30 | 长春盖尔瑞孚艾斯曼汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种导光纤维组成的发光织物 |
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