CN114734162A - Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3026—Mn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the technical field of welding material preparation. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing stainless steel welding strip for strip surfacing needs a flux for protecting a molten pool and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of a cladding layer are poor. The low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip consists of a 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin and powder filled in the stainless steel outer skin; the drug core powder is prepared from potassium feldspar: 5% -7%, rutile: 17% -20% of zircon sand: 1% -2%, Al-Mg alloy: 0.5% -1%, electrolytic manganese: 22% -25% of ferrosilicon: 0.5% -1%, chromium powder: 10% -12%, nickel powder: 8% -10%, ferromolybdenum: 0.5% -1%, copper powder: 5% -10%, metal cobalt powder: 1% -2%, titanium powder: 0.5 to 1 percent and the balance of chromium nitride iron powder, wherein the nitrogen content of the chromium nitride iron powder is as follows: 8 to 10 percent. According to the invention, the surfacing cladding layer has the advantages of high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like by adding beneficial elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding material preparation, and particularly relates to a low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The low-nickel austenitic stainless steel is a resource-saving austenitic stainless steel which uses N element to replace expensive Ni element as a main austenitizing element and has high strength, good toughness and excellent corrosion resistance.
In the manufacturing process of hydrogenation reactors, coal liquefaction reactors and nuclear vessels, the strip surfacing technology is often adopted to perform surfacing and cladding on the inner surface of a thick-wall pressure vessel so as to obtain a corrosion-resistant stainless steel inner container. In recent years, strip surfacing technology has been widely used because of its advantages such as high production efficiency, low dilution rate, and low production cost. As the pressure vessel is gradually increased in size, thickness and efficiency, the band-electrode build-up welding material is also being advanced to a higher efficiency, higher quality and lower cost.
Because nickel resources are scarce in China and metallic nickel is a core element of stainless steel materials, if the inner wall surfacing welding of the equipment is carried out by adopting low-nickel stainless steel welding materials, the nickel content can be saved under the condition of ensuring the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property, thereby achieving the purpose of greatly reducing the production cost, and simultaneously, nitrogen is a strong austenite forming element, thereby reducing the formation opportunities of ferrite and deformed martensite. In addition, nitrogen can also greatly improve the pitting corrosion resistance of the material.
Meanwhile, the developed low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip adopts inert gas Ar as protective gas to protect a welding molten pool, so that a welding flux does not need to be additionally used for high-temperature molten pool protection, and the welding flux does not need to be additionally heated and dried, so that the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is also increased. Therefore, the developed low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip has profound significance and application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing stainless steel welding strip for strip surfacing needs a flux for bath protection and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of a cladding layer are poor, and provides a low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip and a preparation method thereof.
The low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip consists of a 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin and powder filled in the stainless steel outer skin; the drug core powder is prepared from potassium feldspar: 5% -7%, rutile: 17% -20%, zircon sand: 1% -2%, Al-Mg alloy: 0.5% -1%, electrolytic manganese: 22% -25% of silicon iron: 0.5% -1%, chromium powder: 10% -12%, nickel powder: 8% -10%, ferromolybdenum: 0.5% -1%, copper powder: 5% -10%, metal cobalt powder: 1% -2%, titanium powder: 0.5 to 1 percent and the balance of chromium nitride iron powder, wherein the nitrogen content of the chromium nitride iron powder is as follows: 8 to 10 percent.
Further limit, the granularity of the potassium feldspar, the rutile and the zircon sand in the medicine core powder is 80-200 meshes, and the granularity of the other components is less than 80 meshes.
Further limiting, the element composition and the element mass content in the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin are as follows: c: 0.06% -0.07%, Si: 0.35-0.45%, Mn: 5.15% -5.60%, Ni: 3.50% -4.50%, Mo: 0.10-0.15%, Cu: 1.90% -2.10%, N: 0.30 to 0.40 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P and the balance of Fe.
Further, the thickness of the stainless steel skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N is 0.60 mm-0.80 mm.
Further limiting, the filling rate of the traditional Chinese medicine core powder of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is 25-28%.
Further limited, the surfacing layer deposited metal after the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is applied and welded comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.05 to 0.07%, Si: 0.40-0.48%, Mn: 4.45% -4.90%, Ni: 4.50% -5.25%, Mo: 0.20-0.32%, Cu: 2.05-2.40%, N: 0.20-0.29%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, P is less than or equal to 0.010%, Co: 0.25 to 0.33 percent, Ti: 0.15% -0.21%, Mg: 0.09-0.16 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel;
step 2: baking potassium feldspar and rutile at the high temperature of 910-930 ℃ for 30-40 min, sieving for later use, baking zircon sand at the high temperature of 820-840 ℃ for 30-40 min, and sieving for later use;
and step 3: ball-milling and mixing Al-Mg alloy, electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium powder, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum, copper powder, metal cobalt powder, titanium powder, chromium nitride iron powder and dried potassium feldspar, rutile and zircon sand for 3-4 h under inert protective atmosphere, and drying for 30-40 min to obtain medicine core powder;
and 4, step 4: bending and shaping the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin, filling the powder core obtained in the step 3 in the bending and shaping process, and then rolling to obtain the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip with the width of 8-10 mm and the thickness of 1.10-1.50 mm.
Further limiting, the specific process of cleaning the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel sheath in step 1 is as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly cleaning 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skins for 4-5 min by using a mixed pickling solution, then soaking for 15-20 s by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and then drying by using compressed air, wherein the mixed pickling solution is composed of 300g/L of sodium phosphate, 100g/L of phosphoric acid, 125 g/L-175 g/L of citric acid, 54 g/L-72 g/L of acetic acid and 75 g/L-150 g/L of nitric acid, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 40 g/L-60 g/L.
Further limiting, the specific parameters of the ball milling in the step 3 are as follows: the ball-material ratio is 4:1, and the ball milling speed is 150 r/min.
Further limiting, in the step 3, the inert protective atmosphere is Ar, the purity of Ar is 99.99%, and the flow rate of Ar is 10L/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) in the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, Mo and Mg are strengthening elements formed by ferrite in the stainless steel, and the ferrite with a certain content in a welding seam can reduce the tendency of generating hot cracks in welding seam metal and improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of the welding seam. Meanwhile, the extension direction of the austenite dendrites can be disturbed, and a transport channel for corrosive media is prevented from being formed by the Cr-poor layer penetrating through the crystal grains. However, the ferrite content should not be too high, which not only causes selective corrosion in some mediums, but also causes the ferrite of the overlay layer to generate delta-sigma phase transformation, resulting in embrittlement of the overlay layer. Therefore, the content of Mo in the surfacing layer deposited metal of the flux-cored welding strip after welding is maintained at 0.20-0.32% and the content of Mg is maintained at 0.09-0.16% through reasonable selection of the outer skin and reasonable regulation and control of the flux-cored powder, so that the ferrite content in the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel is controlled at 5-8%, and the corrosion resistance of the weld metal is effectively ensured.
2) The Cu with the content of 2.05-2.40% in the deposited metal of the overlaying layer of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip after welding can form dispersed intermetallic compounds in the stainless steel, so that the corrosion resistance of a weld joint structure and the plasticity of a welding joint can be improved, and excessive Cu can form excessive intermetallic compounds, so that the strength and the corrosion resistance of the overlaying layer of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel are greatly reduced.
3) Ti is a strong carbide forming element, has affinity with carbon larger than that of Cr, is easy to form stable metal interstitial phase particles with C and N in steel, is not easy to decompose at high temperature, plays a role in stabilizing Cr, ensures the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, but excessive Ti is remained after being combined with C and N and is dispersed in a stainless steel matrix, and the wear resistance of a surfacing layer can be seriously reduced, so that the Ti in the deposited metal of the surfacing layer is accurately controlled: 0.15 to 0.21 percent, thereby obtaining the surfacing layer with corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
4) Mn in the deposited metal of the surfacing layer of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is a good deoxidizing element and can inhibit the processing brittleness caused by S as an impurity in austenitic stainless steel, but when the Mn content is more than 5%, the ductility and the toughness of the stainless steel are reduced at high temperature, so that the Mn content is controlled to be between 4.45% and 4.90% so as to obtain the surfacing layer with good toughness.
5) Co, a metal forming element, is an austenite forming element and has an atomic number very close to that of Fe, so that the lattice structure and atomic scale of Co and gamma-FeThe size and the electronic structure are very similar, so Co can be infinitely mutually dissolved in gamma-Fe, the austenite phase region can be enlarged by Co, the ferrite content is reduced, but the ferrite is greatly limited by excessive Co, and the intergranular corrosion resistance of the surfacing layer is reduced. In addition, metal Co can inhibit and delay M23C6And Cr2The precipitation and aggregation of carbides such as N and the like can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the low-nickel stainless steel overlaying layer. Too much Co content increases the cost of the cored welding strip and also increases the tendency of the overlay to develop hot cracks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macro-topography of the cladding layer after strip surfacing with the low nickel austenitic stainless steel flux cored welding strip of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a macro-topography of the cladding layer after strip surfacing with the flux-cored welding strip of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a TEM topography of the cladding after strip surfacing with the nickel-deficient austenitic stainless steel cored welding strip of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel of the embodiment consists of an outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel and core powder filled in the outer skin; the drug core powder is prepared from potassium feldspar by mass percent: 5%, rutile: 17% of zircon sand: 1%, Al-Mg alloy: 0.5%, electrolytic manganese: 22% and ferrosilicon: 0.5%, chromium powder: 10%, nickel powder: 8%, ferromolybdenum: 0.5%, copper powder: 5%, metal cobalt powder: 1% and titanium powder: 0.5 percent and the balance of chromium nitride iron powder, wherein the nitrogen content of the chromium nitride iron powder is as follows: 8 percent, the granularity of the potassium feldspar, the rutile and the zircon sand in the powder core is 80-200 meshes, the granularity of the other components is below 80 meshes, and the outer skin of the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel comprises the following elements by mass: c: 0.06%, Si: 0.35%, Mn: 5.15%, Ni: 3.50%, Mo: 0.20%, Cu: 1.90%, N: 0.30 percent of S is less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P and the balance of Fe, wherein the thickness of the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin is 0.60mm, the length is 100m, and the filling rate of the flux core in the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is 25 percent;
the preparation method of the solder strip comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cleaning 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skins for 4min by using a mixed pickling solution, then soaking for 15s by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and then drying by using compressed air, wherein the mixed pickling solution consists of 300g/L of sodium phosphate, 100g/L of phosphoric acid, 125g/L of citric acid, 54g/L of acetic acid and 75g/L of nitric acid, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 40 g/L;
step 2: baking potassium feldspar and rutile at 910 deg.C for 30min, sieving, baking zircon sand at 820 deg.C for 30min, and sieving;
and step 3: proportionally ball-milling and mixing Al-Mg alloy, electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium powder, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum, copper powder, metal cobalt powder, titanium powder, chromium nitride iron powder and dried potassium feldspar, rutile and zircon sand for 3 hours under the argon atmosphere with the purity of 99.999 percent, and drying for 30 minutes to obtain medicine core powder; the ball-material ratio is 4:1, the ball milling rotation speed is 150r/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min;
and 4, step 4: and (3) bending and shaping the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin, filling the powder core obtained in the step (3) in the bending and shaping process, and then rolling to obtain the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip with the width of 8mm and the thickness of 1.10 mm.
And (3) welding test: the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip in the embodiment 1 is welded by adopting a strip surfacing wire feeding device and an inert protective gas protection device, the welding process parameters are shown in table 1, and the surfacing layer deposited metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.06%, Si: 0.42%, Mn: 4.48%, Ni: 4.61%, Mo: 0.20%, Cu: 2.10, N: 0.21%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, P is less than or equal to 0.010%, Co: 0.26%, Ti: 0.17%, Mg: 0.10 percent and the balance of Fe. The macroscopic morphology of the overlay welding layer is shown in figure 1.
TABLE 1 welding Process parameters
Example 2: the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel of the embodiment consists of an outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel and core powder filled in the outer skin; the drug core powder is prepared from potassium feldspar by mass percent: 6%, rutile: 20% of zircon sand: 1.5%, Al-Mg alloy: 0.85%, electrolytic manganese: 24% and ferrosilicon: 0.8%, chromium powder: 12%, nickel powder: 9%, ferromolybdenum: 1% of copper powder: 8%, metal cobalt powder: 1.5%, titanium powder: 0.8 percent and the balance of chromium nitride iron powder, wherein the nitrogen content of the chromium nitride iron powder is as follows: 10 percent, the granularity of the potassium feldspar, the rutile and the zircon sand in the powder core is 80-200 meshes, the granularity of the other components is below 80 meshes, and the outer skin of the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel comprises the following elements by mass: c: 0.07%, Si: 0.40%, Mn: 5.45%, Ni: 3.82%, Mo: 0.12%, Cu: 1.96%, N: 0.37 percent of S is less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, and the balance of Fe, wherein the thickness of the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin is 0.80mm, the length is 100m, and the filling rate of the flux core in the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip is 28 percent;
the preparation method of the solder strip comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cleaning the outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel for 4min by using a mixed pickling solution, then soaking for 15s by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and then drying by using compressed air, wherein the mixed pickling solution consists of 300g/L of sodium phosphate, 100g/L of phosphoric acid, 160g/L of citric acid, 64g/L of acetic acid and 145g/L of nitric acid, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 55 g/L;
step 2: baking potassium feldspar and rutile at 930 deg.C for 40min, sieving, baking zircon sand at 840 deg.C for 40min, and sieving;
and step 3: proportionally ball-milling and mixing Al-Mg alloy, electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium powder, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum, copper powder, metal cobalt powder, titanium powder, chromium nitride iron powder and dried potassium feldspar, rutile and zircon sand for 4 hours under the argon atmosphere with the purity of 99.999 percent, and drying for 40 minutes to obtain medicine core powder; the ball-material ratio is 4:1, the ball milling rotation speed is 150r/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min;
and 4, step 4: and (3) bending and shaping the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin, filling the powder core obtained in the step (3) in the bending and shaping process, and then rolling to obtain the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip with the width of 18mm and the thickness of 1.00 mm.
And (3) welding test: the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip of the embodiment 2 is welded by adopting a strip surfacing wire feeding device and an inert protective gas protection device, the welding process parameters are shown in table 2, and the surfacing layer deposited metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.07%, Si: 0.46%, Mn: 4.89%, Ni: 5.10%, Mo: 0.30%, Cu: 2.30%, N: 0.28%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, P is less than or equal to 0.010%, Co: 0.30%, Ti: 0.19%, Mg: 0.14 percent and the balance of Fe. The macroscopic morphology of the overlay weld is shown in FIG. 2.
TABLE 2 welding Process parameters
From the macro-morphology of the overlay weld obtained in examples 1-2, it can be seen that the overlay weld was formed with good appearance and no defects such as porosity, cracks, lack of fusion, oxidation, etc.
Comparative example 1: this example differs from example 1 in that: the powder of the medicine core does not contain titanium powder. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2: this example differs from example 1 in that: the powder of the medicine core does not contain metal cobalt powder. The other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1. The TEM appearance of the overlaying layer cladding metal without adding metal Co is shown in figure 3, and Cr can be found2Existence of N carbide precipitated phase.
The pitting corrosion rates of the weld deposit layers (45 mm. times.8 mm. times.5 mm) after welding with the weld zones of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 were measured and the results are shown in Table 3.
The wear properties of the weld deposit layers (50 mm. times.20 mm. times.10 mm) after welding with the weld zones of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 were examined and the results are shown in Table 4.
The hardness of the weld deposit layer (50 mm. times.20 mm. times.10 mm) after welding with the weld zones of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 was measured, and the results are shown in Table 5.
The content of ferrite in the weld deposit layer after welding with the weld tapes of examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was measured, and the results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 3 test results of spot corrosion rate of build-up welding cladding layer after welding with different welding strips
TABLE 4 wear performance test results of build-up welding cladding layer after welding with different welding strips
TABLE 5 hardness test results of surfacing welding cladding layer after welding with different welding strips
TABLE 6 ferrite content test results of build-up welding cladding layer after welding with different welding strips
Claims (10)
1. A flux-cored welding strip of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel is characterized in that the welding strip consists of an outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel and a flux-cored powder filled in the outer skin; the drug core powder is prepared from potassium feldspar: 5% -7%, rutile: 17% -20%, zircon sand: 1% -2%, Al-Mg alloy: 0.5% -1%, electrolytic manganese: 22% -25% of silicon iron: 0.5% -1%, chromium powder: 10% -12%, nickel powder: 8% -10%, ferromolybdenum: 0.5% -1%, copper powder: 5% -10%, metal cobalt powder: 1% -2%, titanium powder: 0.5 to 1 percent and the balance of chromium nitride iron powder, wherein the nitrogen content of the chromium nitride iron powder is as follows: 8 to 10 percent.
2. The flux-cored welding strip of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the granularity of potassium feldspar, rutile and zircon sand in the flux-cored powder is 80-200 meshes, and the granularity of the other components is less than 80 meshes.
3. The flux-cored welding strip for low-nickel austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel has the following element composition and the mass contents of the elements: c: 0.06% -0.07%, Si: 0.35-0.45%, Mn: 5.15% -5.60%, Ni: 3.50% -4.50%, Mo: 0.10-0.15%, Cu: 1.90% -2.10%, N: 0.30 to 0.40 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P and the balance of Fe.
4. The flux-cored welding strip of low-nickel austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel is 0.60mm to 0.80 mm.
5. The flux-cored welding strip of low nickel austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein the filling rate of the traditional Chinese medicine core powder of the flux-cored welding strip of low nickel austenitic stainless steel is 25% -28%.
6. The flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein the deposited metal in the overlaying layer after welding of the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.05 to 0.07 percent of Si: 0.40-0.48%, Mn: 4.45% -4.90%, Ni: 4.50% -5.25%, Mo: 0.20-0.32%, Cu: 2.05-2.40%, N: 0.20-0.29%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, P is less than or equal to 0.010%, Co: 0.25 to 0.33 percent, Ti: 0.15% -0.21%, Mg: 0.09 to 0.16 percent, and the balance of Fe.
7. A process for the preparation of a flux-cored welding strip of austenitic stainless steel with low nickel content according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that it is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the outer skin of 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel;
step 2: baking potassium feldspar and rutile at the high temperature of 910-930 ℃ for 30-40 min, sieving for later use, baking zircon sand at the high temperature of 820-840 ℃ for 30-40 min, and sieving for later use;
and 3, step 3: ball-milling and mixing Al-Mg alloy, electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium powder, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum, copper powder, metal cobalt powder, titanium powder, chromium nitride iron powder and dried potassium feldspar, rutile and zircon sand for 3-4 h under inert protective atmosphere, and drying for 30-40 min to obtain medicine core powder;
and 4, step 4: bending and shaping the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skin, filling the powder core obtained in the step 3 in the bending and shaping process, and then rolling to obtain the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel flux-cored welding strip with the width of 8-10 mm and the thickness of 1.10-1.50 mm.
8. The method for preparing the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel according to claim 7, wherein the specific process of cleaning the 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel sheath in the step 1 is as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly cleaning 06Cr18Mn5Ni4Cu2N stainless steel outer skins for 4-5 min by using a mixed pickling solution, then soaking for 15-20 s by using a hydrochloric acid solution, and then drying by using compressed air, wherein the mixed pickling solution is composed of 300g/L of sodium phosphate, 100g/L of phosphoric acid, 125 g/L-175 g/L of citric acid, 54 g/L-72 g/L of acetic acid and 75 g/L-150 g/L of nitric acid, and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 40 g/L-60 g/L.
9. The method for preparing the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel according to the claim 7, wherein the specific parameters of the ball milling in the step 3 are as follows: the ball-material ratio is 4:1, and the ball milling speed is 150 r/min.
10. The method for preparing the flux-cored welding strip of the low-nickel austenitic stainless steel according to the claim 7, wherein the inert protective atmosphere in the step 3 is Ar, the purity of Ar is 99.99%, and the flow rate of Ar is 10L/min.
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